1

Bapuji Independent PU college

Badagandi, Bilagi Taluk
Bagalkot, Karnataka 587116

KCET MOCK TEST PAPER-2 (KEY)

Physics
1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1 5) 3 6) 3 7) 3 8) 1 9) 1 10) 2
11) 4 12) 3 13) 2 14) 1 15) 1 16) 4 17) 3 18) 2 19) 2 20) 3
21) 1 22) 1 23) 1 24) 3 25) 3 26) 1 27) 4 28) 3 29) 1 30) 2
31) 1 32) 2 33) 1 34) 3 35) 1 36) 1 37) 1 38) 4 39) 4 40) 4
41) 2 42) 3 43) 1 44) 2 45) 4 46) 1 47) 2 48) 2 49) 4 50) 1
51) 2 52) 1 53) 2 54) 1 55) 2 56) 1 57) 2 58) 1 59) 1 60) 2
 HINTS AND SOLUTIONS

C2 respectively.
1 k q1 q2 q C
1. (4) f  . Since mass (m) of the object   1  1
2 m C1 C2 q2 C2
remains the same on the surface of moon, 9. (1) For spherical mirror,
frequency remains unchanged. 1 1 1 1 1 1
        40 cm
1  u f  (40) (20)
2. (3) Number of fringes n  .
  (40)
m     1.
n2 1 4000 u (40)
   n2  60   40
n1 2 6000  The image is real, inverted and same in size.
2
10. (2) Pentavalent impurity produces n-type
Vrms semiconductor.
3. (2)  P   Vrms  I rms  cos 
R So e  density increases but overall
2 semiconductor is neutral.
 70  1 11. (4) A - P, B - Q, C - S, D - R
    cos 0  245W
 2  10
  (iˆ  ˆj )  (iˆ  ˆj ) ˆ
4. 2
(1) The electric potential V ( x, y , z )  4 x volt (A) ( A  B) / 2  i
2
  V ˆ V ˆ V    (iˆ  ˆj )  (iˆ  ˆj ) ˆ
Now E    iˆ j k  (B) ( A  B) / 2   j
 x y z  2

Now
V V V   (iˆ  ˆj )  (iˆ  ˆj ) 1  1
 8 x,  0 and 0 (C) ( A  B) / 2   0
x y z 2 2
 (D)
Hence E  8 xiˆ , so at point (1m, 0, 2m)  
 ( A  B) (iˆ  ˆj )  (iˆ  ˆj ) 0  kˆ  kˆ  0
E  8iˆ volt/metre or 8 V/m along negative     kˆ
X-axis. 2 2 2
So, the correct option is (4).
h  12. (3) Given u  10 cm, R  30 cm, h  5 cm
5. (3) h    eV0  V0     .
e e
1 1 2 1 1 1
From the above equation, it is evident that     
intercept on V0 axis is maximum for graph(iv). u v R 10 v 15
Hence correct option is (3). 1 1 1 23 1
   
6. (3) e  Bvl  0.5  1  2  1V v 15 10 30 6
7. (3) Using parallel axis theorem, v  6 cm

7 2 ml 2 v 6 cm 3 h
I  I COM  mr 2  ml   mr 2 m   
12 12 u 10 cm 5 h
l2 l  h  5 cm
r2  r
2 2 So the image is virtual and size 3 cm.
8. (1) In parallel combination V1  V2 , where V1 13. (2) In case of adiabatic expansion
and V2 are potential differences across C1 and W  Work done by the gas = positive and

1
 Q  0 . From first law of thermodynamics, 21. (1)   5t 2  3t  16 Wb.
Q  U  W  U  W i.e.,  Flux linked with the coil at t = 4 s is
U will be negative. 4  (5  42  3  4  16) Wb  108 Wb
14. (1) I  0 ( By Kirchhoff’s Junction Law). Flux linked with the coil at t = 3 s is
1  2  3  1.2  0.8  0.5 1.7  I  0 3  (5  32  3  3  16) Wb  70 Wb
 I  3.4 A  Average induced emf in the 4th second is
 
15. (1) Initially the angle between B and S is 0 . 4  3 108  70
eavg   volt  38 volt .
When the surface is tilted by 60 ,the angle t 43
 
between B and S becomes 60 . 22. (1) At absolute zero, all covalent bonds are stable
BS and no free electrons are present in conduction
Flux   BS cos 60  . band. So, th correct option is (1).
2
16. (4) If an hydrogen atom is excited to n th energy 23. (1)
level, then number of possible spectral lines is 0 2  i1i2 107  2  5  5
F   5  105 N / m
1 4 a 0.1
given by N  n( n  1) . Theoretically n can be
2
infinitely large. Hence option (4) is correct. 24. (3) A1l1  A2 l2
17. (3) For isothermal processes, the bulk modulus
A2 l1 Now R   l
B of a gas is equal to the pressure P of the gas:  
B = P A1 l2 A
At atmospheric pressure,
R1 l1 A2
P  1 atm  1.013  105 N / m2   
R2 l2 A1
18. (2) Force acting on a charged particle moving
   2
in a magnetic field is given by F  Q v  B. In R1  l1 
 
this case Q  e and since the electron is moving R2  l2 
 XY-plane, F must lie in XY-
anticlockwise in
plane. Hence B must be directed along positive If l1  100, then l2  110
Z-axis. 2
R1  100 
 
R2  110 
 R2  1.21R1

19. (2) Most of the light is diffracted between the R2  R1

% change  100  21%
two first order minima. R1
 Required angle  2
25. (3) When a completely unpolarized light of
For first minimum, a sin    intensity I0 is allowed to fall on a polariser, the
2 2  450  109 transmitted light becomes plane polarized and
 2  2sin    its intensity is reduced to I 0 /2
a 2  104
 450  105 radian  4.5  103 radian 2GM
26. (1) Escape velocity of a planet is v 
20. (3) Work done Q V f  Vi  R
2GM A
For an equipotential surface, V f  Vi For planet A, vA  where M A and RA
RA
W  0

2
 be the mass and radius of the planet A. L  25n cm, n  1,3,5
According to given problem
 L  25 cm,75 cm,125 cm. .
M R
M B  A , RB  A Height of the water column
2 2
 (120  L)  95 cm,45 cm , (120-125)cm is not
M 2GM A
2G A possible. So the minimum height of water is
 vB  2  vA  RA
1 45 cm .
RA vB 2GM A /2 31. (1) If P be the rated power and V be the rated
2 RA / 2 voltage of each heater, then resistance of each
n V2
 1 n  4 heater is R  .
4 R
27. (4)
For parallel combination,

PP  P1  P2  P  P  2 P
For series combination,
V2 V2 P
PS   2 2

R1  R2 V V 2

P P
In loop ABEFA, 10  20  x  0 H P PP t 2P
   4
 x  0.5 A H S PS t P / 2
In loop BCDEB, 10  20 y  20 x  0 32. (2) In 88 Ra 226 , A = 226 and Z = 88
 y  1A Number of protons  Z  88
Number of neutrons  A  Z  226  88  138 .

28. (3) d1  8 iˆ m 33. (1) We know
 ( KE ) max  hf  W  eV0  hf  W . If work
d 2  6 ˆj m
function (W) is changed, stopping potential (V0)
will change, but photo current (I) will not change
as it depends on intensity of incident light.
34. (3) W  Fs cos   10  2cos 60  10 J
35. (1) f 0  f e  30
  
 d  d1  d 2  (8 iˆ  6 ˆj )m f0
For normal adjustment, magnification, m 
 fe
 d  82  62 m  10m f0 f
2   f 0  2 f e  f 0  0  30
29. (1) Both transverse and longitudinal waves fe 2
exhibit interference, reflection and diffraction.  f 0  20 cm
But polarization occurs in transverse wave only.
I 4.8
Since electromagnetic wave can be polarised, 36. (1) n    3  1019
it is a transverse wave. e 1.6  1019
37. (1) Coefficient of static friction
30. (2) For resonance, f  nv where  S  tan 30  1 / 3 .
4L
 Limiting frictional force
n  1,3,5
1
 nv  f l   S  N   S  mg 
 30 N  10 3 N
 340  3
or L   m  n   100 cm
4f   4  340  Minimum horizontal force

3
 44. (2) For monoatomic, f = 3 translational modes
Fmin  f l  10 3 N . = 1+1+1=3.
38. (4) In reverse biased p-n junction diode, the For diatomic, f = 3 translational+2 rotational
n-region is connected to higher potential and the = 3+2=5.
p-region is connected to lower potential. Since For polyatomic, f = 3 translation+3 rotational
3 V > 0 and 0 >  3 V, option (4) is correct. = 3+3=6.
39. (4) A  (5.29  5.29  5.29  5.29  5.29  5.29 For diatomic with vibration = 3 translational+2
rotational+2 vibrational(1KE+1PE)
5.29)cm2  37.03cm2 = 3+2+2=7.
The result should have 3 significant digits, 45. (4)
 A  37.4 cm 2 . So, the correct option is (4).
40. (4) In the diagram shown, at point M, direction
 
of BP is  and that of BQ is  .
0i
Also since BM  and iP  iQ , it is evident
2 r
that BQ  BP .
 10  5 
RAB   5   10  k   18.33 k 
 10  5 
VAB  18.33 103  15 103V
 274.95 V
 275 V
Bnet  BQ  BP 46. (1) Change in K.E = Work done by electric
 2
 0   iQ  iP  1 2
4 r field  mv  qE.s
 2 2
 0 (5  2.5) mv 2  2q E.s
4 2.5
0 m 2 v 2  2mqE.s
i.e.
2
41. (2) After time t, angular velocity p  2mqE.s
  0   t  0   t   t 47. (2) Velocity between t  0 and t  2sec
1 2 1 dx 4
Now, kinetic energy K  I   I ( t ) 2  v1    2m / s
dt 2
2 2
Velocity at t  2sec, v f  0
1 1 2  750 Impulse  Change in momentum
t  2K / I  S  5s
 5 2.4
 m  v f  vt 
42. (3) KE  work done by electric field  QV
0.1(0  2)  0.2 kg m sec1
 KE  (2e)200V  400eV
48. (2) E0  120 NC 1 , v  50.0MHz
43. (1) Magnetic field lines always form closed
curves — they emerge from the north pole and E 120
c  0  B0   40  108  0.4  T
enter the south pole, continuing inside the B0 3  108
magnet. So, saying they "start" from the north c
pole is incorrect.   3  108 / 50  106 m  6 m


4
   2  2  50  106  3.14  108 rad s 1 Magnetic field at M = Magnetic field at
2 2 0 i ˆ i
k   1.05 rad m 1 N  k   0 kˆ
 6 2 2 a 4a
 
E  E0 sin(kx  t )n


 120sin 1.05 x  3.14  108 t NC 1 
 
B  B0 sin(kx  t )n


 0.4sin 1.05 x  3.14  108 t T 
2 1 So, the correct option is (2).
49. (4)   120   T  sec 54. (1) In total internal reflection, 100% of incident
T 60
light is reflected back into the same medium,
T 1
time taken to reach peak value   s and there is no loss of intensity, while in reflection
4 240 from mirrors and refraction from lenses, there
50. (1) Intensity of electric field due to an infinite is always some loss of intensity. Therefore
 images formed by total internal reflection are
line charge at distance r is E  . much brighter than those formed by mirrors or
2 0 r
lenses.
Force on a +1C charge at 1 m is

 . So, the correct option is (1). 55. (2) I  I m cos2
F  qE  2
2 0 r 2
where   phase difference  ( p  d)
51. (2) Charge flown is given by 
2 
 n  BA when p  d   , I  K  I m cos    I m
Q   
R R    
when p  d  ,     / 4
Q  R 2  104  80 4 2  4
B  4
 1Wb / m 2 
nA 40  4  10 2
 I  K .cos  K /2.
52. (1) The current density at P is higher than at Q. 4
For the same current flowing through the 56. (1) If  be the wavelength in vacuum,
metallic conductor PQ, the cross sectional area  
at P is narrower than at Q . The resistance per g  and  
g 

unit length r is given by r  . where  is the tg t g . g
A Now, ng   and
resistivity and A is the cross-sectional area of g 
the conductor PQ. Thus, r is inversely t t .
n     
proportional to the cross-sectional area A of  
the conductor and hence it is not constant. So, Since ng  n , t g  g  t . n
the correct option is (1). t 5 4 5
  g   .   
0 i ˆ i tg 4 3 3
53. (2) Magnetic field at O : 2  k   0 kˆ
2 a a
57. (2) 7 N14  2 He 4  z X A  1H1
Magnetic field at
Here A  14  4  1  17 and Z  7  2  1  8
0i ˆ 0i ˆ 0i ˆ
P: k k k So X is oxygen nucleus.
2  4a 2 2a 8 a

5
58. (1)  -particles are deflected at large angles due
hc
to strong repulsive forces from the dense, 60. (2)  e
positively charged nucleus. The nucleus is indeed 0
much heavier than electrons, hence it influences hc 12375  
the scattering significantly. So, the correct option  0   A  1813 A
e 6.825
is (1).

59. (1) When an electron jumps from the orbit of  0  1800 A
lower energy ( n  1 ) to the orbit of higher
energy (n  3) , energy is absorbed.

6
 1

KCET MOCK TEST PAPER-2 (KEY)

Chemistry

1) 4 2) 4 3) 3 4) 2 5) 3 6) 1 7) 4 8) 4 9) 4 10) 2

11) 1 12) 4 13) 3 14) 4 15) 4 16) 3 17) 3 18) 3 19) 4 20) 3

21) 1 22) 2 23) 4 24) 4 25) 3 26) 1 27) 2 28) 4 29) 1 30) 3

31) 1 32) 3 33) 3 34) 1 35) 2 36) 1 37) 1 38) 4 39) 1 40) 1

41) 1 42) 2 43) 1 44) 3 45) 4 46) 1 47) 3 48) 4 49) 2 50) 1

51) 3 52) 3 53) 2 54) 2 55) 3 56) 4 57) 2 58) 3 59) 2 60) 3
1. (4) 7. (4) A molecule which is V-shaped with a bond
angle 104.5° is H2O
8. (4)

Sn 2 5


MnO 4 2
The above reaction is known as Friedel Craft’s
2. (4) Chlorobenzene on reaction with conc. reaction
sulphuric acid forms ortho and para- 9. (4) In a DNA molecule, A=T,C  G . So, the
chlorobenzenesulphonic acid but not phenol. complementary sequence of ATGCTTGA is
3. (3) Higher the oxidation states of the metal, TACGAACT.
greater the crystal field splitting energy. In 10. (2)
options (1), (2) and (4), Co is present in +2
oxidation state and in (3) it is present in +3 A – Q: Hypertonic solutions have higher
oxidation state and hence has a higher value osmotic pressure than some other
of CFSE. solution.
B – P: Isotonic solutions have same osmotic
4. (2) X : Aniline
pressure.
Y : Benzanilide C – R: Abnormal molar mass explained by
5. (3) Rotation around a C–C single bond is not van't Hoff factor.
completely free. It is hindered by a small D – S: Hypotonic solutions have less osmotic
-1
energy barrier of 1-20 kJ mol due to weak pressure than the second solution.
repulsive interaction between the adjacent
11. (1) (1) is correct answer because  2 is
bonds. Such a type of repulsive interaction is
always +ve and there is one node in
called torsional strain.
2s-orbital.
+
6. (1) Cr  H 2 O 4 Cl2  shows geometrical (2) is not possible because there is no node
and this graph is for 1s-orbital.
isomerism because it is a MA 4 B2 type (3) is possible if we plot r with ‘D’ function
coordination compound which contains two set ( 4r 2 dr.Ψ 2 )for 2s-orbital.
of equivalent ligands, four H 2 O and two Cl.
Hence, the possible geometrical isomers are (4) is not possible because Ψ2 cannot be
negative. It is obtained when ‘r’ is plotted
with ‘ Ψ ’ for 2s-orbital.
12. (4) Acidic strength of alcohols follows the
order : 1  2  3 . As the number of alkyl
groups increases, acidic strength of alcohols
decreases. Hence, the decreasing order of
acidity is B > A > C > D.

1
13. (3) Let solubility be S mol litre–1 20. (3) Solvent molecules flow from low
PbCl2  Pb + 2Cl 2+  concentration solution to high concentration
solution. Hence, water molecules flow from A
K sp  [Pb 2  ][Cl ]2  [S][2S]2  4S3 to B
1
 K sp  3 21. (1) In the complex, Co  NH3 5 NO2  Cl2 ,
S  the oxidation state of cobalt is +3 and here
 4 
5 NH 3 ligands, a NO2 ligand are attached to
14. (4)
the central atom. therefore its name is
At equilibrium, pentaamminenitrocobalt (III) chloride.
0.0591 22. (2) The hormone which controls the
Ecell = log10 K eq
n metabolism of carbohydrates and maintains
Here n is number of exchange of electrons glucose level in the body is insulin.
23. (4) The atomic number of gadolinium is 64.
0.0591
1.10  log10 K eq Therefore the electronic configuration of
2
gadolinium is [Xe] 4f 7 5d1 6s2 .
2.20
= log10 K eq 24. (4) If cathode or anode is pulled out, no
0.059
electrolysis will take place. The ions will start
K eq =1.66  1037 moving randomly.
15. (4) By heating chromite with Na 2 CO 3 , 25. (3)

Na 2 CrO 4 is obtained
4FeCr2 O 4  8Na 2 CO 3  7O 2
 8Na 2 CrO 4  2Fe2 O3  8CO 2
16. (3)

17. (3) H  E  nRT

n = 3  (1+5)
= 3 – 6 = –3
H  E = (3RT)
18. (3) The given plot is for zero order reaction to
calculate the value of rate constant.
AlCl3
19. (4) RCOCl  H  Ar 
Friedel Crafts acylation

26. (1) N 2 (13 electrons) :
R  CO  Ar  HCl
1s 2 *1s 2  2s 2 * 2s 2 2p x2 = 2p 2y  2p1z

2
27. (2) 1F of electricity is required to deposit 34. (1) The correct order is A < C < B < D
= 1mol of Na = 23g of Na 35. (2) CH 3Cl has higher dipole moment than
0.5 F of electricity is required to deposit CH3 F due to much longer C–Cl bond length
 23  0.5  11.5 g of Na. than the C–F bond. The much longer bond
28. (4) The deflection of electrons from its length of the C–C bond outweighs the effect
original path increases with the decrease in the produced by lower electronegativity of Cl than
voltage across the electrodes, or the strength that of F .
of the magnetic field. 36. (1) Weight of solute or non electrolyte (w)
29. (1) The co-ordination no. = no. of ligands =1.25gm
attached = 4. Weight of solvent or water (W) = 20 gm.
30. (3) A – Q; Detection of nitrogen: Freezing point of solution T=271.94K
Molal depression constant or cryoscopic
Na  C  N  NaCN
CN  Fe 2   Fe(CN)6 
4 constant K f =1.86 K kg mole1

Fe2+ + H +  Fe3+ 1000  K f  w

Molar mass of solute (m) =
 T0  T   W
3[Fe(CN)6 ]4  4Fe3  Fe 4 [Fe(CN)6 ]3
Prussian blue
1000  1.86  1.25
B – R; Detection of sulphur: =  109.67g / mol
 273  271.94   20
2Na  S  Na 2 S
37. (1) C(s) + O 2 ( g)  CO 2 ( g)
2 4
S2 +  Fe(CN)5 NO   Fe(CN)5 NOS
Violet
H  94kcal/mole (1)
C – S; Detection of chlorine: 1
H 2 (g)  O2  H 2 O(g)
Na  Cl  NaCl 2
Cl   AgNO 3  AgCl H  68kcal/mole (2)
white ppt.

D – P; Detection of phosphorous: CH 4 (g) 2O2 (g)  CO2 (g)  2H 2 O(g)


5Na 2 O2  2P   2Na 3 PO4  2Na 2 O H  213k cal/mole (3)
The fused mass of alkali phosphate is extracted
C(s)  2H 2 (g)  CH 4 (g), H  ? (4)
with water and filtered. The filterate containing
sodium phosphate is heated with conc. HNO3 Eqn. (4) can be obtained by
and excess of ammonium molybdate solution eq. (1) + eq. (2)  2  eq. (3)
is added. C(s) + O 2  CO 2 ( g)
A yellow precipitate of ammonium phospho
molybdate is obtained. 2H 2 (g)+ O 2 (g)  2H 2 O(g)
Δ[X] CO 2 (g)+ 2H 2 O(g)  CH 4 ( g) + 2O 2 (g)
31. (1) Rate of reaction 
Δt C(s) + 2H 2 ( g)  CH 4 ( g)
4
 (0.50  0.38) / 600  2  10
So, H CH4 =  94 + 2(68)  (213)
32. (3) (+) Lactose is a reducing sugar and all
reducing sugar shows mutarotation.  94  136  213  17kcal / mole
33. (3) The boiling points of aldehydes and ketones 38. (4) Al +3 is cation of III group. In cationic
are higher than those of non-polar alkanes of analysis the group reagent of III group is
comparable molecular weight. NH 4 OH  NH 4 Cl .

3
39. (1) CaCO3 + 2HCl  CaCl2 + H 2 O + CO 2 44. (3)
1 mole 2 moles
(73 g)
(100 g)
For N 2( g) +3H 2( g)  2NH3( g )
100 g of CaCO3 reacts with 73 g of HCl
2
40 g of CaCO3 will react with
Kc =
 NH3 
3
73  N 2  H 2 
 40=29.2 g of HCl
100
Since CaCO3 is completely consumed and A – S; 2 N 2( g) +6H 2( g)  4NH 3( g) ; K c =K c2
some amount (40 – 29.2 = 10.8 g)of HCl
1
remains unreacted and hence, CaCO3 is B – R; 2NH 3( g)  N 2( g) +3H 2( g) ; K c =
Kc
limiting reagent.
1 3
2.303 [A]0 C – Q; N 2( g) + H 2( g)  NH3( g) ; K c =K1/2
c
40. (1) k log 2 2
t [A]
45. (4) Mercury cell and dry cell are primary
2.303 0.5 batteries, which cannot be reused again after
6 log
t 0.05 use over a period of time.
2.303 0.5 2.303 46. (1) I is strongly adsorbed than II, I moves
t log   0.384 min
6 0.05 6 slower than II or II moves faster than I.
41. (1) Smaller the size of ions and greater charge Distance travelled by compound
Rf =
density, more is the lattice energy. Hence, the Distance travelled by solvent
correct order is
Thus, R f of I  R f of II
Al2 O3  CaO  MgBr2  NaCl
47. (3) As the last electron enters into the 3d -
42. (2) orbital, element belongs to d-block. (Atomic
number is 29, it is copper)
48. (4) Chlorination of n-butane takes place via
free radical formation i.e.,
h
Cl2   Cl• +Cl•

43. (1) The basic character of the transition metal

monoxide is TiO  VO  CrO  FeO because
basic character of oxides decrease with
increase in atomic number. Oxides of
Cl• may attack on either side and give a
transitional metals in low oxidation state
racemic mixture of 2-Chloro butane which
i.e., +2 and +3 are generally basic except
contain 50% d form and 50% l-form.
Cr2 O3 .

4
 3-
49. (2) In  Fe(CN)6  , Fe is in +3 oxidation G*
Now, k  or G*  k.R
state. R
R  1442Ω
Fe3   Ar  4s 0 3d 5i.e., Therefore,
There is only one unpaired electron. The
formed complex is inner orbital complex.

G*  1442(Ω)  1.248  103 Ω 1 cm 1 
–1
Therefore it is less paramagnetic. = 1.8 cm
3- 53. (2) Rate of reaction is change in concentration
In  Cr(CN)6  ,Cr is in +3 oxidation state.
of reactant with respect to time.
Cr 3   Ar  4s0 3d 3 i.e., r  k[A]x [B]y
The compound contains 3 unpaired electrons. Rate of exp.1 [0.30]x [0.30]y
=
In  Co(CN)6 
3-
Rate of exp.2 [0.30]x [0.60]y

Co3+ =[Ar]4s 0 3d 6 it is diamagnetic. 0.10 [0.30]y


3- 0.40 [0.60]y
In Sc(CN)6  Sc3+ =[Ar] . It contains empty
y
d -orbitals. 1 1

50. (1) 4  2 
2 y
1  1 
2  2
   
y2
Rate of exp.1 [0.30]x [0.30]y
51. (3) Oxides of metal in their low oxidation states =
Rate of exp.3 [0.60]x [0.30]y
are generally basic whereas oxides of metal in
their higher oxidation states are acidic and x
0.10  0.30   0.30 
y

oxides of metals in their intermediate oxidation 

0.20  0.60   0.30 
states are generally amphoteric in nature. Fe3+
x
is not amphoteric as it is in its highest oxidation 1 1 y

state

2  2 
1
52. (3) The molar conductivity is given by x
1 1
1000k 
Λ= 2  2 
C
i.e., x=1
ΛC
Hence, k =  Rate  k[A]x [B]y
1000
Λ = 124.8Ω1 cm2 mol1 ,C=0.01 mol L1 Rate  K[A]1[B]2
So, alc. KOH
54. (2) C 2 H 5 I  Br2
 CH 2  CH 2 
(X)

k=
  
124.8 Ω 1 cm 2 mol 1  0.01 mol L1 

1000 cm3 L1 
 1.248  103 Ω 1 cm 1

5
55. (3) The correct statement about carbonyl 57. (2) Glycosidic linkages are present in
group is the three groups attached to the carbohydrates but not in enzymes.
carbonyl carbon lie in the same plane. 58. (3)
56. (4) Compound (X) must be a phenolic
compound as shown by various reactions. (X)
on treatment with Br2 water gives (Y) with 3
Br atoms, so the placement of OH and CH3
must be such that they reinforce each other in
electrophilic substitution. So, the compound (X)
is m-cresol and (Y) is 2,4,6-Tribromo-3-methyl
phenol. Aryl halide do not undergo neucleophilic
substitution with anion formed by phthalimide.
59. (2) Benzenediazonium chloride is converted
into benzene on reaction with H3PO2.
60. (3) Statement I is true but statement II is false.
The correct statement II is, the anion left over
is stabilized by resonance.

6
 1

KCET MOCK TEST PAPER-2 (KEY)

Mathematics

1) 1 2) 1 3) 4 4) 4 5) 1 6) 3 7) 2 8) 3 9) 3 10) 1
11) 1 12) 1 13) 1 14) 1 15) 1 16) 2 17) 1 18) 4 19) 1 20) 2
21) 4 22) 3 23) 3 24) 1 25) 1 26) 2 27) 2 28) 4 29) 2 30) 1
31) 3 32) 1 33) 3 34) 2 35) 2 36) 4 37) 4 38) 2 39) 2 40) 2
41) 2 42) 4 43) 4 44) 2 45) 1 46) 2 47) 3 48) 3 49) 1 50) 4
51) 3 52) 2 53) 4 54) 3 55) 1 56) 3 57) 4 58) 1 59) 4 60) 1
 8. (3) The number of relation is given by
n 
2

2  225 (here n  5 ).
1. (1) D.R’s of the two lines are 1, 3, 2 and
2, 6, k  2 e 1 1 
9. (3) I     dx
2 6 k  2 2 log x
 (log x)2 
    k  2
1 3 2 log x  t  x  et  dx  et dt
2x 2 x
2. (1) y  Ae  B  e x  2  t  log 2, x  e  t  1
dy 1 1 1 
 2 Ae2 x  2 Be 2 x and  I  et   2  dt
dx log 2
t t 
d2y 1
1
1
2
 4 Ae 2 x  4 Be 2 x  et    e  elog 2   e  2log 2 e
dx t  log 2 log e 2
d2y d2y  log 2 1 
 4 y i. e.,  4y  0  e  2,  log 2 e 
dx 2 dx 2  log e 2 
dx 10. (1) Let E1 : “A speaks truth”
3. (4) I = 
e 1 x
E2 : “B speaks truth”
e  1  t  e x dx  2t dt
x 2
They contradict each other when one of them
2t speaks truth and the other tells lie.
 dx 
1 t2
 e x
 1 t2   Required probability
 I 
2tdt dt  p  E1  E2C   p  E1C  E2 
 2

t 1 t 2
 1 t2
 p  E1  1  P  E2    1  P  E1   p  E2 
1 1 x
 2 tan t  2tan e 1  c
75  80   75  80
4. (4) Since A and B are mutually exclusive  1  1 
100  100   100  100
 
events.  A  B  
75 20 25 80 3 1 7
 A  B and B  A  P ( A)  P ( B )       
100 100 100 100 20 5 20
and P ( B )  P ( A)
5. (1) Two lines in vector form are parallel if their 11. (1) A-R, B-P, C-Q
dirctions vectors are proportional. That means 1
  (A) sin  sin  60    sin  60     sin 3
b1  kb2 for some real numbers k. 4

6. (3) 2 x  2 y  2k , A  xy , A  x(k  x) sin 20 sin  60  20  sin  60  20 

dA 1
  k  2x  0  2x  k  sin 3  20 
dx 4
2x  k  2 y  k 1
 sin 60
 x  y it must be a square. 4
7. (2) The solution region consists of its half - 1 3 3
plane that contains (h,k) along with its    (R)
4 2 8
boundary line ax + by = 4

1
 1.2

(B) tan15  tan  45  30  16. (2) Equation of given line can be written in
tan 45  tan 30
 1
1  tan 45 tan 30 x
the standard form 3  y2  z4
3 1 3 1 4 3 4
  k
3 1 3 1 3 3
 4
5 x  
5  y  5 2( z  3)
 2 3 (P) and   
3k 1 5
(C) cos 5 cos10....cos180
4
The sequence contains cos90 and x
 5  y  5  ( z  3)
since cos90  0 3  1 5
5k 2
 cos5 cos10....cos180  0 (Q)  
 Lines are perpendicular to each other..
2 a2
12. (1) xy  a  y   a1a2  b1b2  c1c2  0
x
2
4a 4a a
A   ydx   dx  4  3   4  5 
   k   (3)(1)   k    0
a a x  3  5   3  2 
4a
 a 2 log x  4k 10k 12k  50k
a
2 2
 3 0  3
 a log 4a  a log a 5 3 15
 a 2 log 4  2a 2 log 2  62k  3  15

13. (1) The point of intersection of 3x  y  14  0 45

 k
62
and 2 x  5 y  18  0 is (4, 2) .
Therefore, the radius  9  16  5 and hence 17. (1) Let a and b be the numbers such that
the equation of the circle is given by A, G are A. M and G. M. respectively
( x  1) 2  ( y  2) 2  25 or between them.
x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  20  0 ab ab
A. M. of a and b  i. e, A 
2 2
a a12  0 1   a  b  2A (1)
14. (1) A   11 
 a21 a22  1 0 Also, G. M. of a and b  ab i. e., G  ab
0 1   0 1  1 0   G 2  ab (2)
A2     I
1 0  1 0   0 1  as per the formula ( a  b) 2  ( a  b) 2  4ab

x  ( a  b ) 2  (2 A) 2  4G 2
2
1  1  2sin [By using (1) and (2)]
1  cos x 2
15. (1) Let y  
1  cos x 2 x  (a  b)2  4 A2  4G 2
2cos  1  1
2
x  a  b  2 A2  G 2 (3)
 tan  
2 Adding (1) & (3), we get
dy d x d x
  (tan ( x / 2))  sec 2    2 a  2 A  2 A2  G 2
dx dx 2 dx  2 
x 1 1 x  a  A  ( A  G )( A  G )
 sec2   sec 2
2 2 2 2 Subtracting (3) from (1), we get

2
 24. (1) By putting x  tan  ,   tan 1 x
2b  2 A  2 A2  G 2
3sin 1 (sin 2 )  4cos1 (cos 2 ) 
 b  A  ( A  G )( A  G )

2 tan 1 (tan 2 ) 
Hence, the numbers are A  ( A  G )( A  G ) 4
 
18. (4) | A | 12  12  0 inverse does not exist.  6  8  4   
   4 8
19. (1) AB  2iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ , Projection of b on AB 
   tan 1 x   x  2 1
AB  b (2iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ)  (2iˆ  3 ˆj  6kˆ) 8
is   25. (1) The given equation is
| AB | 3
466 4 dy y   y  
   ln 1
3 3 dx x   x  
20. (2) The function f : Z  Z defined by This is a homogeneous differential equation.
f ( x)  x  2 is a bijection y
Putting  v  y  vx
21. (4) Let a and P be the side and perimeter x
of square respectively. dy dv
 vx
 P  4a dx dx
dv
dP da dP v  x  v(ln v  1)
 4   4  0.2 cm / s dx
dt dt dt dv
x  v ln v separating the variables
dP dx
  0.8 cm / s
dt dv dx

22. (3) Let A be the event that the card is a spade v ln v x
and B be the event that the picked card is a 1
dv
queen. We have a total of 13 spades and 4 1
  v    dx
queen cards. Also only one queen is from ln v x
spade.  ln(ln v)  ln x  ln c  ln v  cx
13 4 1  y
 P( A)  , P( B)  , P( A  B)   ln    cx
52 52 52  x
P( A  B) 1 / 52 1 26. (2) On simplification, we get
 P( A / B)    .
P( B) 4 / 52 4  5 3
5
 3  5  3   1 2 
23. (3) For  C0   C2  
  2   2   2   11
2    
     3
x    ,0  ,sin x  0, f ( x)   sin x, f ( x)  5  3  1 
4
 4
 2    C4     
  2  2  
  cos x, Lf (0)  1
27. (2) Since A is 3  4 , its transpose A is 4  3 .
 
For x   0,  ,sin x  0, f ( x) For AB to be defined , B must have 3 rows.
 2 For B A to be defined, B must have 4 columns.
 sin x, f ( x )  cos x, Rf (0)  1 Then , B is 3  4
Lf (0)  Rf (0). 28. (4) The function f  x   x is not defined for
 f ( x) is not differentiable at x  0 . all R. since the square root is only defined for
x  0.

3
 1.4

1
29. (2) x dx 1 8
2
 4 x  13  Q is  , 
3 3
1
  x  2 2
dx C  12 x  8 y
 32
At A(6,0), C  72
1  x2 3 3
 tan 1  c At P  ,  , C  30
3  3  2 2
 1 1 x 
  2 2
dx  tan 1  c  1 8 76 1
 x a a a  At Q  ,  , C   25
 3 3 3 3
30. (1) sin y  y when y  0 At R (0, 4), C  32
2 2 1 8 76
sin     C is minimum at  ,  and min C 
x x 3 3 3
2 2  option (1) correct.
lim x sin    lim x   2
x  x
  x  x   
33. (3) a  iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ, b  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ, c  3iˆ  kˆ
0 xa xb 
 
31. (3) x  a 0 x  c  0 is Also, c  ma  nb
xb xc 0  3iˆ  kˆ  m(iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ)  n(2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ)
 ( x  a)( x  b)( x  c)  ( x  b)  ( m  2n)iˆ  ( m  n) ˆj  ( 2m  n) kˆ
( x  a)( x  c)  0  m  2n  3, m  n  0, 2m  n  1
When x  0 , sum is zero. mn0 mn
32. (1) 4 x  y  4, x  3 y  6, x  y  3 and m  2n  m  2m  3  m  1
Feasible region is APQRA as shown  m  n 1 m  n  2

1  i 1  i (1  i) 2 1  1  2i
34. (2)    i
1 i 1 i 2 2
Modulus is 1, Amplitude is ( / 2) .

35. (2) Let I   | cos x | dx
0

 /2 
 cosxdx   ( cos x)dx
0  /2

 /2 
 R is (0, 4), A is (6,0)   sin x 0   sin x  /2  1  (0  1)  2
Solve x  3 y  6
x  y  3 to find P 36. (4)

3 3 3 3    
2 y  3 y  x   P is  ,  tan  1, 2 tan  2. cos 1  2 tan 
2 2 2 2 4 4  4
Solve x  y  3, 4 x  y  4  cos1 (2) ,which does not exist.
1 1 8
3x  1  x   y  3  
3 3 3

4
37. (4) A line with intercepts equal in magnitude
but opposite in sign has the equations.

42. (4) We have R  ( x, y ) : x 2  y 2  16 
2
Let x  1  1  y  16  y  1,2,3
x y
 1 2
a a Let x  2  4  y  16  y  1, 2,3
x ya (1) 2
equation (1) passing through (4,– 6) Let x  3  9  y  16  y  1, 2
4 – (– 6)= a, a =10 (1,1),(1, 2),(1,3),(2,1), 
 R 
x  y  10  x  y  10  0 (2, 2),(2,3),(3,1),(3, 2) 
1  a cos x  b sin x  43. (4) 3 x 2  2 xy  6 y 2  6
38. (2) y  tan  
 b cos x  a sin x   3 x 2  2 xy  6 y 2  6  0; f ( x, y )  0
 a 
1
 b  tan x  dy f / x
 tan   Now, 
 1  a tan x  dx f / y
 b   6x  2 y 
a   
 tan 1    tan 1 (tan x)  2 x  12 y 
b
 dy   8 4
a dy        
 tan 1    x   1 dx
 (1,1) 14
  7
b dx
2 k
39. (2) A  2,3 , B  0,3, 4 and C  1, 2,3 44. (2) y  kx  a  ;
4
A  B  2 , C  B  1, 2 x  y  1  0  y   x  1  m  1, c  1
Condition for tangent is
 A  B    C  B   2  1, 2
a k/4
   2,1 ,  2, 2   c   1  k 4
m 1
45. (1) Trace of a matrix = sum of the diagonal
f (0  h)  f (0)

 
40. (2) f  0  lim
h0 h
elements
Here, each element of the diagonal is k.
(0  h) 2  0 h2 Trace  k  k  k  ..n terms = nk
 lim  lim  lim(h)  0
h0 h h0 h h0 75
46. (2) x   15
5
f (0  h)  f (0) (0  h)  0
 
f  0  lim
h 0 h
 lim
h  0 h Mean deviation 
 x x
i

30 2 23
n 5
h 10
 lim    1  2
h 0 h
  5
f   0   f   0 

  sin A    sin A     cot A   4
 f ( x) is not differentiable at x  0 . 47. (3)   = cos A
  sec A     sec A     tan A  
f ( x) is differentiable for all x  R 1 1
48. (3) I1   sin xdx I 2   cos xdx
except at x  0 .
41. (2) Required number of straight lines  sin 1 1  x 2  cos 1 x

18 C2 5 C2  1 
18  17 5  4
 1 
I1  I 2   sin 1 x  cos 1 x dx 
2 2
 
 1dx  xc
 153  10  1  144 2 2

5
 1.6

49. (1) Let r be the radius of the base and b be

 3 5  3 5
the height of a closed cylinder of given surface 52. (2) A2    
area S. Then,  4 2   4 2 
S  2 r 2  9  20 15  10 
S  2 r 2  2 rb  b  
2 r 
 12  8 20  4 
Let V be the volume of the cylinder. Then,
 29 25
V   r 2b  
 20 24 
 S  2 r 2   rS  2 r 3 
 V   r2     29 25  15 25
 2 r   2  A2  5 A    
 20 24   20 10 
dV S 14 0  1 0 
   3 r 2
dr 2    14    14 I
 0 14  0 1 
For maximum or minimum value of V, we have
 option (2) is correct .
dV S
 0   3 r 2  0  S  6 r 2 53. (4) f ( x) is continuous at x  0 , then
dr 2
2 x  2 x
 2 r 2  2 rh  6 r 2  b  2r f (0)  lim f ( x)  lim
x 0 x 0 sin x
d 2V 2x
 2 1 x 1 
Also,  6 r  0 .  lim    x
dr 2 x0
 x sin x 2 
Hence, V is maximum when b  2r i. e., 1
when the height of the cylinder is equal to the  2log 2  1   2log 2  log 4
20
diameter of the base.
2 1 2
ex  1  x 54. (3)   x 2  dx    x 2  dx    x 2  dx
50. (4) lim apply L-H rule 0 0 1
x  x2
1 2
ex  0 1      0  dx   1  dx  2  1
0 1
lim
 x     (L-H rule)
2x    
55. (1) | OB  OA | 9 | 8iˆ  (  3) ˆj  kˆ | 9
ex
 lim  64  (  3) 2  1  9
x  2
( Since e x   as x   , the limit does not (  3)2  81  65  16    3
converge to a finite value)  4,   3  4,   1 or  7.
51. (3) Let f ( x )  2 x 3  6 x  5 56. (3) Now, y  16  x 2
 f ( x)  6 x 2  6  x 2  y 2  16
For f ( x) to be increasing, f ( x )  0

 6 x2  6  0  x2  1  0 Required area
 ( x  1)( x  1)  0  x  1 or x  1  4
4
16  x 2 dx
0

6
 4
 x2 16 x
 4 16  x 2  sin 1 
2 2 4 0

 
 4  8    16 sq. units
 2
57. (4) A  {1,3, 2, 4,6,11}    
59. (4) We have, ( x  a )  ( x  a )  12
Product is even  
 | x |2  | a |2  12
(1, 2),(1, 4),(1,6),(3, 2),(3, 4),(3,6),(2, 4),   
  Since, a be a unit vector  | a |  1
 (2,6),(2,11),(4,6),(4,11),(6,11)    
 | x |2 1  12 | x |2  13 | x | 13
12
C1 12  2 4 60. (1) Statement I
 P ( A)  6
 
C2 65 5 A  (2,3, 1), B  (3,5, 3), C  (1, 2,3) ,

58. (1) We have AP  3iˆ  ˆj  10kˆ D  (3,5,7)
 Dr’s of AB are 3  2,5  3, 3  1 i.e., 1, 2, 2
 | AP |  9  1  100  110
 Dr’s of CD are 3  1,5  2,7  3 i.e., 2,3, 4

AN  projection of AP on 6iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ Consider, a1a2  b1b2  c1c2  2  6  8  0

AP  (6iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ) 18  3  40  angle is

   61
ˆ ˆ ˆ
| 6i  3 j  4k | 61 2
Statement I is true and Statement II is true,
  2  2 Statement II is correct explanation for
 PN  PN  AP  AN  110  61  7 Statement I

7
 1

KCET MOCK TEST PAPER-2 (KEY)

Biology

1) 4 2) 1 3) 4 4) 1 5) 3 6) 2 7) 1 8) 4 9) 3 10) 3
11) 4 12) 4 13) 3 14) 1 15) 3 16) 4 17) 4 18) 4 19) 2 20) 3
21) 2 22) 1 23) 1 24) 1 25) 2 26) 1 27) 4 28) 1 29) 4 30) 2
31) 3 32) 4 33) 4 34) 3 35) 4 36) 2 37) 2 38) 2 39) 3 40) 4
41) 4 42) 4 43) 1 44) 3 45) 1 46) 3 47) 3 48) 4 49) 3 50) 4
51) 3 52) 4 53) 2 54) 4 55) 4 56) 1 57) 3 58) 4 59) 1 60) 3
 7. (1) A is the nuclear pore – small openings in the
nuclear envelope for molecular exchange.
1. (4) The correct match is: B is the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) –
A - R: Formation of ethyl alcohol (in shown as a network of membranes attached to
fermentation) involves NADH+H+ utilization. the nucleus.
B - S: Formation of oxaloacetate (from C represents ribosomes - the small dots on the
malate) involves NADH+H+ formation. RER responsible for protein synthesis.
C - T: Formation of fumaric acid (from 8. (4) A staminode is a sterile or non-functional
succinate) involves FADH2 formation. stamen, meaning it does not produce pollen. It
D - P: Formation of pyruvic acid (from glucose may resemble a stamen in shape but lacks a
in glycolysis) is coupled with ATP generation. functional anther. Sometimes, staminodes are
2. (1) Somaclones are genetically identical plants modified for other functions like attracting
produced through micropropagation, which pollinators.
involves the in vitro culture of plant cells or 9. (3) Photosynthesis begins when light energy
tissues.These clones arise from somatic cells excites electrons in chlorophyll molecules during
and retain characteristics of the parent plant. the light reaction (specifically in Photosystem
This method is useful for rapid multiplication of II). This photoexcitation triggers a chain of
disease-free, high-quality plants. events including photolysis of water, ATP and
3. (4) Flocs are masses of aerobic bacteria and NADPH synthesis, and later the reduction of
fungi that form in aeration tanks. They actively PGA in the Calvin cycle.
metabolize organic matter in the sewage, playing 10. (3) Assertion is true - RNA interference
a vital role in reducing BOD during secondary (RNAi) is a gene silencing mechanism that
treatment. occurs in all eukaryotic organisms as a method
4. (1) The leaf shown in the image exhibits of cellular defense, especially against viruses
reticulate venation, where the veins form a net- and transposons.
like pattern. Reason is false - In RNAi, the gene is silenced
Mango (a dicot plant) has reticulate venation, due to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), not
as seen in the image. Wheat, maize, and dsDNA. The dsRNA is processed into small
sorghum are monocots, and their leaves show interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA
parallel venation, not reticulate. (miRNA), which guides the silencing machinery
to degrade or block the target mRNA.
5. (3) In Metaphase I of meiosis, bivalents (tetrads)
align at the equatorial plate. Each bivalent 11. (4) Hind II is a restriction endonuclease that
consists of two homologous chromosomes, each recognizes specific DNA sequences and cuts
with two chromatids, paired through synapsis DNA at defined sites. These enzymes are
during Prophase I. In Mitosis and Metaphase crucial in genetic engineering. RNA polymerase
II of meiosis, individual chromosomes (not II synthesizes mRNA.
bivalents) align at the equator. DNase I is a nonspecific DNA-cutting enzyme
(not sequence-specific).DNA polymerase I
6. (2) In Selaginella and Salvinia , the female helps in DNA replication and repair, not
gametophyte develops inside the megaspore, restriction.
which is retained on the parent sporophyte. The
embryo forms within this structure, similar to 12. (4) Cytokinins delay senescence (aging) in
how seeds develop in higher plants. This leaves by promoting nutrient mobilisation,
retention and internal development marks a ensuring that essential nutrients like nitrogen are
significant step toward the evolution of the seed transported to older leaves. This delays leaf
habit. yellowing and falling.

Space for Rough work

1
13. (3) In Mendel’s dihybrid cross (e.g., RrYy × 70S = 50S + 30S (Prokaryotes & mitochondria/
RrYy), the parental combinations are: chloroplasts)
Round Yellow (R-Y) Option (2) is incorrect – glycosidation occurs in
Wrinkled Green (rryy) the Golgi apparatus, not lysosomes.
Recombinant phenotypes are new combinations: Option (4) is incorrect – centrioles help in cell
Round Green (R-yy)  e.g., Rryy, RRyy division, not protein synthesis.
Wrinkled Yellow (rr-Y)  e.g., rrYy Correct answer: Thylakoids – flattened
From the given genotypes, Rryy, rrYy, and RRyy membranous sacs forming the grana of
are recombinant types. chloroplasts
RrYy is parental, and rryy is also parental. 21. (2) Yeast is a unicellular fungus, and it is used in
Hence, 3 genotypes lead to recombinant the fermentation process in making bread and
phenotypes. beer.
14. (1) Gregor Mendel proposed the Law of Lichen is a symbiotic association of a
Segregation, which states that the two alleles of photoautotroph (alga or cyanobacterium) and a
a gene segregate from each other during gamete heterotrophic fungus, not a chemo-autotroph.
formation, ensuring that each gamete receives Nostoc and Anabaena are cyanobacteria,
only one allele. hence prokaryotes, not Protistans.
15. (3) 5-methyl uracil is another name for thymine, Paramoecium and Plasmodium are Protists, but
which is found in DNA but not in RNA. Mycoplasmas are bacteria (Kingdom Monera),
QB bacteriophage contains RNA as its genetic so they belong to different kingdoms.
material, so thymine (5-methyl uracil) is absent. 22. (1) Sphagnum is a moss that accumulates to
 × 174 and  -phage have DNA, so they form peat, which is used as a fuel and also as a
packing material for transporting living plants due
contain thymine.
to its high water-holding capacity.
16. (4) Acetyl-CoA enters the TCA cycle by 23. (1) The lac operon is turned off in the presence
combining with oxaloacetate to form citric acid, of glucose, even if lactose is available. This is
marking the start of the cycle. due to catabolite repression, where glucose
17. (4) The recombinant phenotypes observed were: presence prevents activation of the operon to
miniature wings and red eyes. prioritize glucose metabolism.
These new combinations result from crossing 24. (1) Cellulose is a major component of plant cell
over between linked genes on the X walls (Kingdom Plantae).
chromosome. Some Protists (e.g., certain algae) also have
18. (4) In the C4 (Hatch and Slack) pathway, cellulose-based cell walls.
Phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) acts as the CO2 Animals lack cell walls.
acceptor (A) in mesophyll cells. Mycoplasma lacks a cell wall entirely.
It combines with CO2 to form Oxaloacetic acid Most Monerans (bacteria) have peptidoglycan,
(OAA), the first stable product (B). not cellulose.
Hence, the correct answer is: A - Phosphoenol 25. (2) Statement A is true – Activation energy is
pyruvate, B - Oxaloacetic acid. the energy difference between the substrate and
19. (2) Chlorenchyma is a type of parenchyma the transition state, required to initiate a chemical
tissue that contains chloroplasts and performs reaction.
photosynthesis. Found especially in mesophyll Statement B is also true – Enzymes are
cells of leaves and green stems. biological catalysts; they speed up reactions
20. (3) Thylakoids are flattened membranous sacs without being consumed or permanently altered
arranged in stacks called grana inside in the process.
chloroplasts. They are the site of light reactions Correct answer: (2) Both Statement A and
of photosynthesis. Statement B are true
Option (1) is incorrect because the subunits are: 26. (1) Substrate level phosphorylation (SLP) occurs
80S = 60S + 40S (Eukaryotes) when ATP is directly synthesized from ADP by

Space for Rough work 2

 transfer of a phosphate group from a high-energy (B) Commensalism  (P) One is benefited,
intermediate. other unaffected
SLP occurs at two stages: (C) Amensalism  (Q) One is harmed, other
Kreb’s cycle: 2 ATP (as GTP) unaffected
27. (4) Isogamy refers to sexual reproduction (D) Mutualism  (S) Both benefit
involving gametes of similar shape and size. 33. (4) Oestrogen is secreted primarily by the
In Ulothrix, the gametes are morphologically Graafian follicle in the ovary during the follicular
similar (isogamous) and motile. phase of the menstrual cycle.LH is secreted by
Spirogyra also shows isogamy but with non- the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis), not the
motile gametes (conjugation). corpus luteum.
Volvox and Eudorina exhibit anisogamy or Testosterone is secreted by Leydig cells, not
oogamy (gametes differ in size/structure). Sertoli cells.GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing
28. (1) In male grasshoppers, the sex chromosome hormone) is secreted by the hypothalamus, not
constitution is XO, meaning they have only one the adenohypophysis.
X chromosome and no second sex chromosome.
34. (3) The foetal ejection reflex (initiated by
This makes them heterogametic.
stretching of the cervix and uterine walls during
29. (4) Statement A is incorrect – It is not the pollen
labor) stimulates the maternal hypothalamus,
itself that recognizes the pistil; rather, the pistil
leading to the release of oxytocin from the
recognizes the pollen (compatible or
maternal neurohypophysis (posterior
incompatible) based on self-incompatibility
pituitary). Oxytocin causes strong uterine
genes.
contractions, aiding childbirth.
Statement B is correct – Self-incompatibility is
Adenohypophysis is the anterior pituitary, which
a genetic mechanism in flowering plants that
doesn’t secrete oxytocin.
prevents self-pollination and inbreeding by
Fetal pituitary does not regulate maternal labor
rejecting self-pollen.
hormones.
30. (2) I is incorrect – Tapetal cells are nutritive
and are typically binucleated, not anucleated. 35. (4) A - P, B - R, C - Q, D - S
II is correct – Sporopollenin is the toughest (A) Co-extinction  (P) Plant–pollinator:
organic substance, found in the outer wall When one species (e.g., a pollinator) goes
(exine) of pollen grains, and highly resistant to extinct, the dependent species (e.g., plant) may
biological and chemical degradation. also go extinct.
III is incorrect – Pollen preservation is done in (B) Habitat loss  (R) Amazon forest:
liquid nitrogen at –196°C. Represents massive biodiversity loss due to
IV is correct – Pollen grains are nutritious and deforestation.
are claimed (though not scientifically confirmed) (C) Overexploitation  (Q) Passenger pigeon:
to enhance athletic performance due to their rich Driven to extinction due to uncontrolled hunting.
nutrient content. Correct answer: (2) II and IV (D) Alien species invasion  (S) Nile perch:
31. (3) Analogy refers to structures that are different Introduced in Lake Victoria, caused extinction
in origin but similar in function, due to convergent of native fish species.
evolution.Wings of birds and wings of insects - 36. (2) The parathyroid glands are small, paired
different origin, but same function (flight). glands located on the posterior (back) side of
(1), (2), and (4) describe homology, where same the thyroid gland, as shown in the image. They
structural origin is modified for different secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) which
functions, showing divergent evolution and regulates calcium levels.
common ancestry. 37. (2) Plasmodium causing malaria. The signet
32. (4) A - R, B - P, C - Q, D - S ring stage refers to the early trophozoite stage
(A) Competition  (R) Both species lose (due of Plasmodium seen inside erythrocytes, and is
to struggle for resources) a key diagnostic feature in blood smears for
malaria.

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38. (2) A - S, B - Q, C - R, D - P a technology. MTP (Medical Termination of
(A) Seed bank  (S) Ex situ conservation Pregnancy) is a method of abortion, not
(B) Alexander von Humboldt  (Q) Species- conception.
area relationship 45. (1) Cerebral medulla is made up of white matter
(C) National park  (R) In situ conservation (myelinated axons).
(D) Paul Ehrlich  (P) Rivet popper hypothesis Autonomic neural system regulates smooth
39. (3) Ascaris is a pseudocoelomate, the body muscles (involuntary control).
cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead, the Cerebral cortex contains grey matter (neuronal
mesoderm is present as scattered pouches in cell bodies).Hunger and thirst is regulated by
between the ectoderm and endoderm. hypothalamus.
40. (4) A - SA node (Sinoatrial node): Located in 46. (3) During menstruation, the levels of Estrogen
the upper part of the right atrium. It’s the natural and progesterone are low because the corpus
pacemaker of the heart. B - AV node luteum degenerates. FSH and LH levels are
(Atrioventricular node): Found between the atria relatively low, but begin to rise gradually after
and ventricles. It receives the impulse from SA menstruation to stimulate the next cycle.Peaks
node. C - Bundle of His: Located in the of FSH and LH occur around ovulation, not
interventricular septum. It transmits the impulse during menstruation. High levels of estrogen and
from AV node to the ventricles. progesterone occur in the luteal phase, not
41. (4) In human blood, about 97% of oxygen is menstruation.
transported bound to haemoglobin in red blood 47. (3) ADH binds to surface (membrane-bound)
cells, forming oxyhaemoglobin.Only about 3% receptors on the cells of the distal convoluted
of oxygen is carried in a dissolved state in tubule (DCT) and collecting duct (CD),
plasma. triggering insertion of aquaporin channels to
42. (4) Urea is one of the major nitrogenous wastes increase water reabsorption.
excreted by animals, especially ureotelic So, statement (3) is incorrect because ADH does
organisms like humans. Other common forms not bind inside the cells, but to receptors on the
include ammonia (in ammonotelic animals) and cell membrane.
uric acid (in uricotelic animals). It increases water reabsorption.It helps regulate
43. (1) Both statements are correct. blood pressure.Its deficiency causes dehydration
Osmoreceptors detect changes in osmolarity, (as in diabetes insipidus)
which reflects ionic concentration and fluid 48. (4) This is an example of directional selection,
balance in the blood. where humans intentionally select and breed
When there is excessive fluid loss (e.g., organisms with traits that lie in one direction of
dehydration), osmoreceptors are activated and the spectrum (e.g., larger, higher-yielding, richer
send signals to the hypothalamus, which content).
stimulates the posterior pituitary to release ADH It’s not stabilising because it doesn’t maintain
(antidiuretic hormone). average traits.It’s not disruptive, which favors
ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys both extremes but not the average.
to restore fluid balance. 49. (3) A - R, B - Q, C - S, D - P
44. (3) Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs)
(A) Inspiratory capacity  (R) TV + IRV V
are medical techniques to aid infertile couples
(B) Total lung capacity  (Q) VC + RV V
in conceiving. Examples include:
IUI - Intrauterine Insemination (C) Expiratory capacity  (S) TV + ERV V
IVF - In Vitro Fertilisation (D) Functional residual capacity  (P) ERV +
Both are widely used ART methods.IUD is a RV
contraceptive device, not an ART. RTI 50. (4) Homo erectus is known to:
(Reproductive Tract Infection) is a disease, not Have been the first hominid to use fire,had a
cranial capacity of ~ 900 cc

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 Fossils were found in Java (Indonesia) by 56. (1) Dog fish (e.g., Scoliodon) is a viviparous
Eugène Dubois in 1891 cartilaginous fish, meaning it gives birth to live
However, they did not bury their dead or use young rather than laying eggs. Hagfish are
hides for clothing to the extent seen Neanderthal jawless, oviparous (egg-laying). Catfish are
man. mostly oviparous, laying eggs in freshwater
51. (3) Contact inhibition is the property of normal habitats. Devil fish (octopus) are not viviparous
cells where they stop dividing when they come fish.
into contact with surrounding cells.Metastasis 57. (3) Copulatory pads are thickened areas found
refers to the spread of cancer cells to other parts on the first digit of the forelimbs in male frogs.
of the body. These pads help the male grip the female
Anchorage dependence is the requirement of securely during amplexus (the mating clasp).
normal cells to be attached to a surface for They are under the influence of androgens (male
growth.Malignancy refers to the ability of sex hormones), and appear more prominently
cancerous cells to invade and destroy tissues. during the breeding season.
52. (4) The pneumotaxic centre, located in the pons 58. (4) Vasectomy (in males) and tubectomy (in
of the brain, regulates the duration of inspiration females) are surgical contraceptive methods that
by sending inhibitory signals to the respiratory do not affect gametogenesis (formation of sperm
rhythm centre in the medulla. or ova). They block the transport of gametes,
This reduces the time of inspiration, thereby thus preventing fertilization.Hormonal methods
increasing the rate of breathing. (options 1 & 3) interfere with hormonal control
Apneustic centre stimulates prolonged of gametogenesis or ovulation.
inspiration. Lactational amenorrhea works due to
53. (2) The shoulder blade is anatomically suppressed ovulation during breastfeeding.
known as the scapula. It is a flat, triangular bone 59. (1) Salmonella typhi is a pathogenic bacterium
located in the upper back, forming part of the which causes typhoid fever in human beings.
pectoral girdle and providing attachment for These pathogens generally enter the small
several shoulder and arm muscles. intestine through food and water contaminated
Clavicle = collar bone,Humerus = upper arm with them and migrate to other organs through
bone Ilium = part of the hip bone
blood. Sustained high fever  39 to 40 C 
54. (4) In Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, the allele
weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache
frequencies are represented as:p = frequency
and loss of appetite or some of the common
of dominant allele
symptoms of this disease. Intestinal perforation
q = frequency of recessive allele. The genotype
and death may occur in severe cases.
frequencies are:
p² = frequency of homozygous dominant 60. (3) In frogs, bile is produced by the liver and
individuals stored in the gall bladder.
q² = frequency of homozygous recessive During digestion, bile is released from the gall
individuals, 2pq = frequency of heterozygous bladder into the small intestine to aid in fat
individuals emulsification.
Pancreas secretes digestive enzymes but does
55. (4) The Founder effect occurs when a few
not store bile.
individuals become isolated from a larger
Bidder’s canal is part of the excretory system
population, leading to the formation of a new
in male frogs, not related to bile storage.
population with a limited genetic variation
compared to the original group.

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