UNIVERSITY OF MINES AND TECHNOLOGY-UMaT
(ESSIKADO-SRID)
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SCIENCE
DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
SUBMITTED BY:
GROUP: GROUP 3
DEPARTMENT: COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
DATE OF SUBMISSION: 17TH MARCH,2025
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
P. O. BOX 237 TARKWA, WESTERN REGION GHANA
0|DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE.................................................................................................................................................2
1…DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS.......................................................................................................2
1.1. DEFINITION OF DATA COMMUNICATION.................................................................................2
1.2. ELEMENTS OF DATA COMMUNICATION..................................................................................2
CHAPTER TWO...............................................................................................................................................3
2…TRANSMISSION MODES.........................................................................................................................3
2.1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................3
2.2. TYPES OF TRANSMISSION MODE...................................................................................................3
a) Simple Mode:.......................................................................................................................................3
b) Half Duplex Mode:..............................................................................................................................4
b) Full duplex mode:................................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER THREE...........................................................................................................................................5
3…TRANSMISSION MEDIA..........................................................................................................................5
3.1. INTRODUCTION:..............................................................................................................................5
3.2. WIRED OR GUIDED MEDIA:...........................................................................................................6
3.3. WIRELESS OR UNGUIDED MEDIA:..............................................................................................6
4. REFRENCE:..........................................................................................................................................7
5. ATTENDANCE.....................................................................................................................................7
1|DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
CHAPTER ONE
1…DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
Transferring data over a transmission medium between two or more devices, systems, or places
is known as data communication. Nowadays, computing and telecommunications depend
heavily on this data transmission, which makes a variety of applications conceivable, including
email, video chatting, the Internet, and many more things.
In this article, we will learn about Data communication, Definition, Components, Types, and
Channels. Data is a collection of facts, information and statistics and this can be in various
forms such texts, numbers etc. Communication is the exchange of information or ideas between
two or more devices. Hence, we can now define data communication as;
1.1. DEFINITION OF DATA COMMUNICATION
this refers to the exchange of data or information between two or more devices through a
transmission medium. This transmission medium can either be wired or wireless.
1.2. ELEMENTS OF DATA COMMUNICATION
A communication system is made up of the following components:
1. Message: A message is a piece of information that is to be transmitted from one person to
another. It could be a text file, an audio file, a video file, etc.
2. Sender: It is simply a device that sends data messages. It can be a computer, mobile,
telephone, laptop, video camera, or workstation, etc.
3. Receiver: It is a device that receives messages. It can be a computer, telephone mobile,
workstation, etc.
4. Transmission Medium / Communication Channels: Communication channels are the
medium that connect two or more workstations. Workstations can be connected by either
wired media or wireless media.
5. Set of rules (Protocol): When someone sends the data (The sender), it should be
understandable to the receiver also otherwise it is meaningless. For example, Sonali sends a
message to Chetan. If Sonali writes in Hindi and Chetan cannot understand Hindi, it is a
meaningless conversation.
Ref: Data Communication - Definition, Components, Types, Channels - GeeksforGeeks
2|DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
CHAPTER TWO
2…TRANSMISSION MODES
2.1. INTRODUCTION
Transmission modes also known as communication modes, are methods of transferring data
between devices on buses and networks designed to facilitate communication. They are
classified into three types: Simplex Mode, Half-Duplex Mode, and Full-Duplex Mode. In
this article, we will discuss Transmission Modes. Transmission mode means
transferring data between two devices. It is also known as a communication mode. Buses
and networks are designed to allow communication to occur between individual devices
that are interconnected.
2.2. TYPES OF TRANSMISSION MODE
There are three types of transmission modes:
REF IMG: https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/wp-content/uploads/transmissionmodes.png
a) Simple Mode:
In Simplex mode, the communication is unidirectional, as on a one-way street. Only one of the
two devices on a link can transmit, the other can only receive. The simplex mode can use the
entire capacity of the channel to send data in one direction.
Example: Keyboard and traditional monitors. The keyboard can only introduce input, the
monitor can only give the output.
3|DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
b) Half Duplex Mode:
In half duplex mode, each station can both transmit and receive, but not at the same time.
When one device is sending, the other can only receive, and vice versa. The half-duplex
mode is used in cases where there is no need for communication in both directions at the
same time. The entire capacity of the channel can be utilized for each direction. Example:
Walkie-talkie in which message is sent one at a time and messages are sent in both
directions.
b) Full duplex mode:
In full-duplex mode, both stations can transmit and receive simultaneously. In full-duplex
mode, signals going in one direction share the capacity of the link with signals going in another
direction, this sharing can occur in two ways:
Either the link must contain two physically separate transmission paths, one for sending
and the other for receiving.
Or the capacity is divided between signals traveling in both directions.
Full-duplex mode is used when communication in both directions is required all the time. The
capacity of the channel, however, must be divided between the two directions.
4|DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
Example: Telephone Network in which there is communication between two persons by a
telephone line, through which both can talk and listen at the same time.
CHAPTER THREE
3…TRANSMISSION MEDIA
3.1. INTRODUCTION:
Transmission media refers to the physical medium through which data is transmitted from
one device to another within a network. This medium can be wired or wireless. The choice
of medium depends on factors like distance, speed, and interference. In this article, we will
discuss the transmission media. In this article we will see types of transmission media in
detail. Therefore, we can say Transmission medium is a physical path between the
transmitter and the receiver i.e., it is the channel through which data is sent from one
device to another. Transmission Media is broadly classified into the following types:
5|DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
3.2. WIRED OR GUIDED MEDIA:
Wired or Guided media is also referred to as Wired or Bounded transmission media. Signals
being transmitted are directed and confined in a narrow pathway by using physical links.
Features:
High Speed
Secure
Used for comparatively shorter distances
There 3 major types of wired or guided media. These are the Twisted pair cables, Coaxial
Cables and Fiber Optics
TWISTED PAIR CABLE
COAXIAL CABLE
3.3. WIRELESS OR UNGUIDED MEDIA:
It is also referred to as Wireless or Unbounded transmission media. No physical medium is
required for the transmission of electromagnetic signals.
Features of Unguided Media
The signal is broadcasted through air
Less Secure
Used for larger distances
There are 3 types of Signals transmitted through unguided media these are the Radio waves,
Infrared and Microwave transmission.
RADIO-WAVES INFRARED MICROWAVE
TRANSMISSION
TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION
6|DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
4. REFRENCE:
Data Communication - Definition, Components, Types, Channels - GeeksforGeeks ,Types of
Transmission Media - GeeksforGeeks , Transmission Modes in Computer Networks (Simplex, Half-
Duplex and Full-Duplex) - GeeksforGeeks
https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/wp-content/uploads/20241016163102671994/Microwave-tranmission-
media.png , https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/wp-content/uploads/20210716190816/infrared1-
227x300.png , https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/wp-content/uploads/20241023103614878853/
radiowave.png , https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/wp-content/uploads/20211018204909/
communication.jpg .
5. ATTENDANCE
Name Attendance Venue Time/Date
15/03/2025
Frimpong Fredrick Kweku PRESENT Online
2:30:00 PM
15/03/2025
Fusheini Mukarama Timtooni PRESENT Online
2:30:00 PM
15/03/2025
Godwin Sunday PRESENT Online
2:30:00 PM
15/03/2025
Kweku Boateng Omari-Mensah PRESENT Online
2:30:00 PM
15/03/2025
Mohammed Hamidyah Abubakar PRESENT Online
2:30:00 PM
15/03/2025
Nartey Godfred PRESENT Online
2:30:00 PM
15/03/2025
Nartey-Ankamah Prosper Bekoe PRESENT Online
2:30:00 PM
15/03/2025
Quaye Lois Naa Tetele PRESENT Online
2:30:00 PM
7|DATA COMMUNICATION BASICS
