Unit 2.

1: Digital Literacy
Fill in the Blanks:
1. Before entering anything into a search engine, make a list of _________________.
2. The most important _________________ should be included in your search query.
3. Examples of search engines include Google, _________________, and _________________.
4. Child-friendly search engines help ensure that you are less likely to see _________________ web
pages.
5. Bookmarking a web page makes it easy to find again without having to _________________ for it.
6. If a search does not give the needed information, you should try using different _________________.
7. The four golden rules of searching the web are: choose the right _________________, choose the right
_________________, bookmark your _________________, and try again.
Definitions:
1. Search Engine: Define what a search engine is and give examples.

2. Bookmarks: What are bookmarks, and how do they help in searching the web?

3. Child-Friendly Search Engine: Explain what a child-friendly search engine is and why it is useful.

4. Key Words: Define Key words and its importance

Short Question and Answer:

1. Why is it important to make a list of key words before searching?

2. What are some advantages of using a child-friendly search engine?

3. Why should you bookmark useful websites?

 4. What should you do if your search does not give the expected results?

5. Is all the information available on internet reliable and safe?

6. Name the four golden rules of searching the web. Explain each

7. Name few examples of search engine

8. Which words are important key words in this search: “What is the fastest car in the world?”

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

1. Which of the following is not a search engine?
a) Google
b) Yahoo
c) Facebook
d) Bing
2. Why is it useful to underline important keywords when searching?
a) To make the search query longer
b) To ensure the search focuses on important terms
c) To include punctuation in the query
d) To confuse the search engine
3. What is a benefit of bookmarking a website?
a) You don’t need to search for it again
b) It makes the page load faster
c) It automatically updates the page content
d) It prevents other users from accessing the page
4. What can you do if a search does not give the correct results?
a) Try different keywords
b) Use a different search engine
c) Check bookmarked pages
d) All of the above
 Unit 2.2 – How Search Engines Work:

Fill in the Blanks:

1. At the start of 2019, there were __________ billion websites on the web.
2. A pile of __________ books would contain 1.9 billion words, which is equal to the number of websites
on the web.
3. A search engine sends a piece of software called a __________ to crawl around the web and collect
information.
4. The search engine stores collected information in a special list called an __________.
5. A search engine does not search the entire web; instead, it searches its __________ to find relevant
results.
6. A search engine ignores short joining words like ‘the,’ __________, and __________ because they
appear on every web page.
7. The search engine uses an __________ to compare websites in its index with the key words in your
search.

Definitions:
1. Search Engine: What is a search engine, and how does it work?

2. Web Crawlers (Spiders): What is a spider, and how does it collect information from web pages?

3. Index: What is an index in a search engine, and why is it important?

4. Algorithm: What is an algorithm and how is this used in a search engine?

5. Web page: Define web page. Is Web page and website the same thing?
Short Question and Answer:
1. How does a search engine respond to a web search?

2. Why does a search engine use web crawling instead of searching all 1.9 billion websites?

3. What happens when a spider visits a web page?

4. How does a search engine determine which web pages to display in the search results?

5. Why does a search engine ignore words like ‘what’ and ‘why’?

6. How does an algorithm help a search engine find relevant web pages?

7. Why is it important to check the date of information you find on the web?

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

1. What is the purpose of a spider in a search engine?
a) To store websites in an index
b) To crawl the web and collect information
c) To remove unnecessary web pages
d) To create new websites
2. Why do search engines use an index?
a) To store important websites separately
b) To make searching faster
c) To delete old web pages
d) To ignore user queries
3. What does a search engine compare key words to when finding results?
a) A dictionary
b) A web page
c) Its index
d) A book
4. What helps a search engine rank web pages in search results?
a) The number of words on a webpage
b) The algorithm used by the search engine
c) The number of images on the webpage
d) The date the webpage was created
 5. What does a spider do when it visits a web page?
a) Deletes unnecessary words
b) Records every word and follows links
c) Searches only for images
d) Sends the web page to the search engine

Unit 2.3 – Search Results:

Fill in the Blanks:
1. The web contains __________ billion websites.
2. A search engine displays the total number of __________ it found for a search.
3. A search engine tries to put the most __________ links at the top of the results list.
4. A web page is considered popular if many other sites __________ to it.
5. Adding new information to a web page is called __________.
6. Websites that a search engine trusts appear near the __________ of the results.
7. A __________ keeps a list of websites you have visited and helps the search engine predict which
websites you might want to see.
8. The owners of some websites pay to have their pages appear at the top of the results as __________.
9. __________ are hidden keywords added by web developers to help search engines find their web
pages.

Definitions:
1. Search Results: What are search results, and how does a search engine display them?

2. Web Crawlers: What is a web crawler, and how does it help in sorting search results?

3. Meta Tags: What are meta tags, and how do they help websites appear in search results?

4. Updating a Web Page: What does it mean to update a web page, and why is it important for search
ranking?

5. Advertisements in Search Results: How do ads appear in search results, and why are they sometimes
irrelevant?

Short Question and Answer:

1. Why does a search engine show a total number of results for a search?
 2. How can you make a search results list shorter?

3. What factors help a search engine sort results?

4. Why do more popular pages appear higher in search results?

5. What does a search engine do with websites you have visited before?

6. How do meta tags help a webpage rank higher in search results?

7. Why should you double-check the information from top-ranked websites?

8. What does web crawlers do?

9. Identify the mentioned in the following:

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

1. What factor helps a search engine decide which pages appear first in search results?
a) The number of links to the page
b) The color of the webpage
c) The number of images on the page
d) The time of day the search was performed
2. What does updating a webpage mean?
a) Changing its design
b) Adding new information to keep it fresh
c) Deleting old content
d) Making it private
 3. How does a search engine trust a website?
a) If it has been visited many times
b) If it has an official domain
c) If it has good security and accurate content
d) If it has many images
4. What are meta tags used for?
a) Making a webpage load faster
b) Describing a webpage to a search engine
c) Making a webpage more colorful
d) Storing passwords
5. What do advertisements in search results mean?
a) They are trusted and recommended websites
b) They are websites that have paid to appear at the top
c) They are automatically chosen by the search engine
d) They are the oldest websites on the internet

Unit 2.4 – Choosing Web Content:

Fill in the Blanks:

1. A web search provides you with many __________ to web pages.
2. Some web pages contain __________ information due to mistakes or outdated content.
3. Websites belonging to __________, __________, and __________ are usually reliable sources of
information.
4. It is a good sign if the writer has included their __________ on the web page.
5. Having __________ information is very important in subjects like computer studies.
6. A web page may contain facts or __________.
7. A __________ is something you can check to see if it is true, while an __________ is what someone
thinks or feels.

Definitions:
1. Reliable Websites: What types of websites are usually considered reliable sources of information?

2. Up-to-Date Information: Why is it important to check if a web page is up to date?

3. Relevance in Web Content: How do you determine if a web page is relevant to your search?

4. Facts vs. Opinions: What is the difference between facts and opinions in web content? Give example

5. Checklist for Choosing Web Content: What are some key questions to ask when evaluating a web
page?
Short Question and Answer:
1. Why should you check who wrote the content on a web page?

2. How does outdated information affect the reliability of a web page?

3. What should you consider when evaluating if a page is appropriate for your age?

4. Why is it important to check if a page answers your search question?

5. What should you do if you find an interesting but unreliable web page?

6. Why are government and university websites generally more trustworthy?

7. A search engine uses different methods to make sure relevant websites are near the top of the list of
search results, state three of these methods.

8. Identify if its a fact or an opinion:

A cheetah can run at speeds of up to 120 Climate change is the biggest threat to
km/h, making it the fastest land animal. future generations and should be the
world's top priority.

Cheetahs are the most fascinating big cats The global average temperature has
because of their incredible speed and increased by approximately 1.2°C since the
agility. late 19th century due to human activities.

9. Make a checklist for choosing a web content.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

 1. What kind of websites are usually reliable sources of information?
a) Social media pages
b) Government, charity, and university websites
c) Personal blogs
d) Websites with lots of advertisements
2. Why is it important to check who wrote the content?
a) To see if the writer is famous
b) To ensure the writer has expertise and credibility
c) To find their social media accounts
d) To see if they have written other web pages
3. When checking if a web page is up to date, you should:
a) Look for the date it was last updated
b) Check if it has colorful images
c) See if it has long paragraphs
d) Read the comments section
4. What is an opinion?
a) A statement that can be proven true
b) A fact that has been researched
c) What someone thinks or feels about a topic
d) A statement written by a famous author
5. Why is it important to know whether a page contains facts or opinions?
a) To make sure the page looks interesting
b) To decide if the information is useful or persuasive
c) To see if the page has good grammar
d) To count the number of words on the page

Unit 2.5 – Giving Credit:

Fill in the Blanks:
1. A __________ can explain an idea more clearly than words alone.
2. Some photographers and artists allow people to use their work for free under a __________ license.
3. To find images that can be used freely, search for __________ images.
4. Pretending that another person's work is your own is called __________.
5. Always __________ another person's work when you use it in your projects.
6. If you copy and paste a quote from a web page, you must add a __________ at the end.
7. The best way to avoid plagiarism is to __________ your own great work.

Definitions:
1. Creative Commons License: What is a Creative Commons license, and why is it useful?

2. Plagiarism: What is plagiarism, and why is it a problem?

 3. Crediting Work: Why is it important to give credit when using someone else's work?

4. Using Web Content: What should you do if you want to use a photo or text from a website?

5. Finding Free Images: How can you find images that you are allowed to use in your projects?

6. Copyright: What is a copyright and how does it protect?

Short Question and Answer:

1. How can photos make a project better?

2. What should you look for when searching for images to use in your work?

3. Why should you never pretend that another person’s work is your own?

4. How to use other people’s work?

5. How do you properly credit a quote from a web page?

1. 2. 3. 4.

6. If you use an image under a Creative Commons license, what must you do?

7. How would you feel if someone copied your work without giving you credit?

8. What can happen if you use copyrighted material without permission?

Unscramble the following and create a proper reference with the four pieces of information to give the
person credit:

Author: Smith, John

Year: 2020
Title: The Effects of Climate Change
Source: National Geographic

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

1. What is a Creative Commons license?
a) A special software for editing photos
b) A license that allows people to use certain work for free under specific conditions
c) A type of website where you can find only copyrighted images
d) A tool for creating digital drawings
2. What is plagiarism?
a) Using another person’s work without giving them credit
b) Taking notes from a website
c) Searching for information online
d) Writing a summary of an article
3. How can you find free-to-use images for your school projects?
a) By searching "Creative Commons free images" in a web search
b) By using any image from Google without checking its license
c) By copying pictures from social media
d) By taking screenshots of online articles
4. Why is it important to credit the original creator of an image or text?
a) To avoid plagiarism and respect their work
b) Because it makes your project look more colorful
c) To get a better grade in school
d) Because it helps websites get more views
5. What should you do if you find a great quote on a website?
a) Copy and paste it without making changes
b) Write it in your own words and pretend it's yours
c) Copy it and add a credit with the author’s name and website
d) Ignore it and find a different quote

Unit 2.6 – Web Challenge:

Fill in the Blanks:
 1. The main goal of the web challenge is to create a set of __________ on a chosen topic.
2. Each fact sheet should have the same __________ and __________.
3. Before collecting information, each team member should perform a __________ to find useful
websites.
4. To ensure consistency, teams should agree on a common __________ for their fact sheets.
5. One step in creating fact sheets is to transfer information from a __________ document to the final
design.
6. A well-designed fact sheet should be both __________ and __________.
7. At the end of the challenge, teams should discuss their success and evaluate the __________ they
used.

Definitions:
1. Fact Sheet: What is a fact sheet, and why is it useful?

2. Web Search: What is a web search, and why is it important in research?

3. Teamwork in Research: Why is dividing work among team members helpful in creating fact sheets?

4. Design Consistency: What does it mean for fact sheets to have a consistent design?

5. Evaluating Websites: How can you determine if a website is useful for research?

Short Question and Answer:

1. What are the four main steps to complete the web challenge?

2. Why is it important to plan your work before starting the fact sheets?

3. What are some possible topics for fact sheets?

4. How can you make sure all fact sheets in a team project look the same?

5. What should you do after collecting all the information from websites?
 6. What are some ways to make a fact sheet visually appealing?

7. How can a team decide which websites to use for research?

8. What should you do after completing the web challenge?

9. Make a flowchart to represent the steps on making a fact sheet

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

1. What is the first step in the web challenge?
a) Collecting facts
b) Choosing websites
c) Planning your work
d) Designing the fact sheet
2. How should a team choose websites for their research?
a) Pick the first website that appears in search results
b) Choose websites with relevant and reliable information
c) Use only one website for all the fact sheets
d) Avoid using websites and write everything from memory
3. What is an important part of designing a fact sheet?
a) Using different colors and fonts for each fact sheet
b) Making sure all fact sheets follow the same design and format
c) Adding as much text as possible to fill the page
d) Avoiding images or graphics
4. Why should teams discuss the web challenge after completing it?
a) To decide who did the best job
b) To evaluate their success and the usefulness of the websites they used
c) To rewrite all the fact sheets
d) To find mistakes in each other’s work
5. What is a good way to make a fact sheet look professional?
a) Using a consistent font and heading style
b) Writing everything in capital letters
 c) Adding random pictures and colors
d) Copying the design from a textbook

Fact Sheet Challenge! 🌟

🚀 Activity: Turn the information below into a fun fact sheet!
Did you know that elephants are the largest land animals on Earth? 🌍🐘 They can weigh up to 12,000 pounds
and use their trunks for eating, drinking, and even giving themselves a shower! Elephants are very intelligent
and have strong memories. They live in groups called herds and communicate with each other using sounds
too low for humans to hear. Sadly, elephants are endangered because of habitat loss and poaching.
💡 Your Task: Use this information to create an awesome fact sheet about elephants! Make sure to include:
✔️A catchy title
✔️Fun facts
✔️A section about their habitat and diet
✔️A picture or drawing of an elephant
✔️Creative colors and design to make it exciting!
Get creative and show off your skills! 🎨✨

Getting Started with Scratch Programming! 🎮💡

1. Introduction to Programming 🤖
Programming is like giving instructions to a computer to make it do something cool, like animations, games, or
even solving problems! Scratch is a fun and easy way to learn programming using blocks instead of typing
complex code.

2. Introduction to Scratch & Its Interface 🎨

Scratch is a visual programming language where you drag and connect blocks to create interactive stories,
animations, and games.
🔹 Main Parts of the Scratch Interface:
✔ Stage: Where your animations happen.
✔ Sprites: Characters or objects in your project.
✔ Blocks Palette: Where you find different coding blocks.
✔ Script Area: Where you drag blocks to create programs.

3. How to Download Scratch ⬇️

Follow these simple steps to download Scratch on your computer:

1️⃣Go to
https://scratch.
mit.edu/downlo
ad.

2️⃣Choose the
version for
Windows,
Mac, or Linux.

3️⃣Click
Download and
install the file.

4️⃣Open Scratch
and start
coding! 🎉(Or
use Scratch
online at
https://scratch.
mit.edu without
downloading!)

4. Basic Elements of Scratch 🏗

Scratch has different blocks that help you build programs:
🔹 Motion Blocks 🚀 – Move sprites around.
🔹 Looks Blocks 🎭 – Change appearance or say something.
🔹 Sound Blocks 🔊 – Add music or effects.
🔹 Events Blocks 🛎 – Start actions when something happens (e.g., “When green flag clicked”).
🔹 Control Blocks 🔄 – Repeat actions using loops.

5. Insertion of a Sprite to the Scene 🦸‍♂️

A sprite is a character or object in Scratch. Here’s how you can add one:

2️⃣Click the 3️⃣Pick a sprite

"Choose a from the 4️⃣Drag it to the
1️⃣Open Scratch. Sprite" button library or stage and start
(🐱 icon at the upload your coding! 🚀
bottom). own image.

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) (5 Marks)

1. What is Scratch used for?
a) Writing essays
b) Creating animations, games, and stories
c) Solving math equations
d) Drawing pictures
2. What is a Sprite in Scratch?
a) A background image
b) A sound effect
c) A character or object that can be programmed
d) A type of game
3. What is the Stage in Scratch?
a) A place where you store your files
b) The area where your project runs and sprites move
c) A tool for drawing pictures
d) A settings menu
4. Which block category helps move a sprite?
a) Motion
b) Looks
c) Events
d) Control
5. What happens when you click the green flag in Scratch?
a) The program stops
b) The program starts running
c) A new sprite appears
d) Scratch closes

Section B: Fill in the Blanks

1. The Scratch interface consists of the Stage, ________, and Blocks Palette.
 2. In Scratch, a ________ is a character or object that can be programmed.
3. To start a project, we click the ________ flag.
4. The three main block categories are Motion, Looks, and ________.
5. To add a new sprite, we click on the ________ icon.

Write short definitions for the following:

1. Programming –

2. Scratch –

3. Sprite –

4. Script Area –

5. Events Blocks –

Short Q/A:
How do you download Scratch on your computer?

What is the purpose of the "Control" blocks in Scratch?

What are some things you can create using Scratch?

How do you insert a sprite into your Scratch project?

What is the function of the "Looks" blocks in Scratch?

Imagine you are creating a simple animation in Scratch. What are the three main steps you would follow?