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CV-1.1

The document provides an overview of computer vision, explaining its goals, challenges, and applications. It discusses the differences between human and computer vision, emphasizing the complexity of interpreting images and the need for machines to understand visual information. Key topics include object recognition, the importance of images in modern technology, and the ongoing research in the field to bridge the gap between pixels and meaning.

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Thet Hsu
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10 views

CV-1.1

The document provides an overview of computer vision, explaining its goals, challenges, and applications. It discusses the differences between human and computer vision, emphasizing the complexity of interpreting images and the need for machines to understand visual information. Key topics include object recognition, the importance of images in modern technology, and the ongoing research in the field to bridge the gap between pixels and meaning.

Uploaded by

Thet Hsu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Vision and Interactive

Computer Graphics

Faculty of Computer Science


References

• References :
1. Computer Vision – Algorithms and
Applications, by Richard Szeliski, 2011.
2. Fundamentals of Computer Vision by
WESLEY E. SNYDER North Carolina State
University
3. 2. Computer Vision A Modern Approach by
Forsyth-Ponce

2 Faculty of Computer Science


1. Introduction Computer Vision

1.1 Overview of Computer Vision


1.2 Application of Computer Vision
1.3 Related Fields and Brief History

3 Faculty of Computer Science


Overview of Computer Vision

 Topics and Objectives

• Human Vision and Computer Vision


• Why study Computer Vision?
• Why is vision so difficult?

• To understand the nature and basis of


Computer Vision

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Overview of Computer Vision
 Human Vision System
• Perceive the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the world
• No problem interpreting the subtle variations in translucency and shading in this
photo and correctly segmenting the object from its background

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Overview of Computer Vision
 Make computers understand images and video.

What kind of scene?

Where are the cars?

How far is the building?

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Overview of Computer Vision

 What is Computer Vision?

• Computer Vision is the process whereby a machine,


usually a digital computer, automatically processes an
image and reports “what is in the image.”

• In Computer Vision a camera (or several cameras) is linked


to a computer.

• The computer interprets images of a real scene to obtain


information useful for tasks such as navigation,
manipulation and recognition.

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Overview of Computer Vision

 Why study computer vision?

• Images and movies have become ubiquitous in both


production and consumption.

• Therefore applications to manipulate images become


core.

• As the system extract the information from imagery

– Surveillance

– Building 3D representations

– Motion capture assisted….

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Overview of Computer Vision

 Goal of Computer Vision


• To bridge the gap between pixels and “meaning”
• Goal of computer vision is to write the computer programs that can interpret
images.

What we see What a computer sees

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Overview of Computer Vision

 Computer Vision vs. Human Vision?

From: Algorithmxlab.com

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Overview of Computer Vision
 Why is this hard?

• What is in this image?


– A hand holding a man?
– A hand holding a mirrored sphere?

• Interpretations are ambiguous


• The forward problem (graphics) is well-posed
• The “inverse problem” (vision) is not

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Overview of Computer Vision
Some common optical illusions and what they might tell us about the visual system:

due to the imagined


perspective effects due to brightness constancy

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Overview of Computer Vision
 Some common optical illusions

(a) Hermann Grid

Do you see the (b) (c)


gray spots at the
intersections? How many red X’s are there?

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Overview of Computer Vision

The “white” square B in the shadow and the “black” square A in the light actually
have the same absolute intensity value.

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Overview of Computer Vision
 Identify Objects

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Overview of Computer Vision

 The local and global problem

• we ask computers to do; make local measurements (e.g., gradients) all overt he image,
and somehow the computer infers from all those local measurements that the image is
a picture of an elephant

• if the computer can discover that a number of measurements are consistent in some
way, it may be able to infer the aspect of the global image that causes that consistency.

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Overview of Computer Vision

 The challenge of making systems human-like

• The core problem of computer vision is object recognition.

• One reason is that we don’t have a strong grasp of how human vision works.

– still learning exactly how human vision works.

• Another reason why it is such a challenging problem is because of the complexity


inherent in the visual world.

– A given object may be seen from any orientation, in any lighting conditions, with
any type of occlusion from other objects, and so on.

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Overview of Computer Vision

 Let's summarize:

• Extracting descriptions of the world from pictures or


sequences of pictures.

• The construction of explicit meaningful description of


physical objects from images.

• There are many challenges of Computer Vision.

• Researchers in computer vision have been developing


many techniques for recovering the three-dimensional
shape and appearance of objects in imagery.

Faculty of Computer Science 18

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