PRACTICE PAPER 16 (2024-25)

CHAPTER 12 PROBABILITY

SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS MAX. MARKS : 40 CLASS :

XII DURATION : 1½ hrs

General Instructions:
(i). All questions are compulsory.
(ii). This question paper contains 20 questions divided into five Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii). Section A comprises of 10 MCQs of 1 mark each. Section B comprises of 4 questions of 2 marks
each. Section C comprises of 3 questions of 3 marks each. Section D comprises of 1 question of 5 marks
each and Section E comprises of 2 Case Study Based Questions of 4 marks each. (iv). There is no overall
choice.
(v). Use of Calculators is not permitted

SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 10 carry 1 mark each.

1. Let A and B be two given events such that P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.2 and P(A/B) = 0.5. Then P(A′/B′) is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

2. Let A and B be two given independent events such that P(A) = p and P(B) = q and P(exactly one of

A, B) = , then value of 3p + 3q – 6pq is

(a) 2 (b) –2 (c) 4 (d) –4

3. If P(A ∩ B) = 70% and P(B) = 85%, then P(A/B) is equal to

(b) (c) (d)

4. Two dice are thrown once. If it is known that the sum of the numbers on the dice was less than 6 the
probability of getting a sum 3 is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

5. The probability distribution of the discrete variable X is given as:

X 2 3 4 5
5 7 9 11
P(X)
k k k k
The value of k is
(a) 8 (b) 16 (c) 32 (d) 48

11 1
6. The probability of A, B and C solving a problem are , and respectively. Then the
probability
23 4
that the problem will be solved is
 (a) (b) (c) (d) none of these

7. Three persons A, B and C, fire a target in turn. Their probabilities of hitting the target are 0.2, 0.3 and
0.5 respectively, the probability that target is hit, is
(a) 0.993 (b) 0.94 (c) 0.72 (d) 0.90

8. Bag A contains 3 red and 5 black balls and bag B contains 2 red and 4 black balls. A ball is drawn
from one of the bags. The probability that ball drawn is red is

(a) (b) (c) (d)

In the following questions 9 and 10, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason
(R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason(R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason(R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A). (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

9. Assertion (A): Three dice are rolled simultaneously. Consider the event E ‘getting a total of at least
5’, F ‘getting the same number on all three dice’ and G ‘getting a total of 15’. Then E, F and G are
mutually independent events.
Reason (R): Three events A, B and C are said to be mutually independent, if
P(A ∩ B) = P(A) P(B)
P(A ∩ C) = P(A) P(C) P(B ∩
C) = P(B) P(C)
and P(A ∩ B ∩ C) = P(A) P(B) P(C)
If at least one of the above conditions is not true for the given events, then events are not
independent.

10. Assertion (A): If A and B are two mutually exclusive events with P( A) = 5/6 and P(B) = 1/3. Then
P(A|B ) is equal to 1/4.
Reason (R): If A and B are two events such that P(A) = 0.2, P(B) = 0.6 and P(A|B) = 0.2 then the

value of P(A|B ) is 0.2.

SECTION – B
Questions 11 to 14 carry 2 marks each.

11. Events A and B are such that P(A) = , P(B) = and P(not A or not B) = .State
whether A and B are independent?

12. The probability of simultaneous occurrence of at least one of the two events A and B is p. If the
probability that exactly one of A, B occurs is q, then prove that P(A′) + P(B′) = 2 – 2p + q.

13. If P(A) = , P(B) = , find (A ∩ B), if (i) A and B are mutually exclusive (ii) A and B are
independent
14. A black and a red die are rolled together. Find the conditional probability of obtaining the sum8,
given that the red die resulted in a number less than 4.
OR
Two cards are drawn from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards one after the other without replacement.
Find the probability that one of them is a queen and the other is a king of opposite colour.

SECTION – C
Questions 15 to 17 carry 3 marks each.

15. A bag contains (2n + 1) coins, out of which n coins have head on both the sides and rest are fair

coins. A coin is selected at random and is tossed, if it results in a head with probability , find n.

16. Assume that each born child is equally likely to be a boy or a girl. If a family has two children, what
is the conditional probability that both are girls given that (i) the youngest is a girl? (ii) atleast one is
a girl?

17. The random variable X has a probability distribution P(X) of the following form, where k is some
number :
 k if x  0

 2k if x 1
P X( ) 
3k, if x  2

 0,otherwise
(a) Determine the value of k.
(b) Find P (X < 2), P (X ≤ 2), P(X ≥ 2).
OR
A coin is biased so that the head is 3 times as likely to occur as tail. If the coin is tossed twice, find
the probability distribution of number of tails.

SECTION – D
Questions 18 carry 5 marks.

18. A card from a pack of 52 playing cards is lost. From the remaining cards of the pack three cards are
drawn at random (without replacement) and are found to be all spades. Find the probability of the
lost card being a spade.
OR
Two numbers are selected at random (without replacement) from the first six positive integers. Let X
denote the larger of the two numbers obtained. Find the probability distribution of the random
variable X, and hence find the mean of the distribution.

SECTION – E (Case Study Based Questions)

Questions 19 to 20 carry 4 marks each.
19. Case-Study 1: Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
In a test, you either guesses or copies or knows the answer to a multiple-choice question with four
choice. The probability that you make a guess is 1/3, you copy the answer is 1/6. The probability that
your answer is correct, given that you guess it, is 1/8. And also, the probability that you answer is
correct, given that you copy it, is 1/4.

(i) The probability that you know the answer. [1]

(ii) Find the probability that your answer is correct given that you guess it and the probability that
your answer is correct given that you know the answer . [1]
(iii) Find the probability that you know the answer given that you correctly answered it. [2]
OR
(iii) Find the total probability of correctly answered the question. [2]

20. Case-Study 2: Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
Final exams are approaching, so Mr. Kumar decided to check the preparation of the few weak
students in the class. He chooses four students A, B, C and D then a problem in mathematics is given
111
to those four students A, B, C, D. Their chances of solving the problem, respectively, are , ,
345

and .

Based on the given information answer the following questions. What is the probability that:
(i) the problem will be solved? (2)
(ii) at most one of them solve the problem? (2)