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Matricies

Syllabus: EdExcel Questions: 35 Time: 4 hours 11 minutes Total Marks: 210

This paper contains a set of questions followed by the corresponding mark schemes. The time you should
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Matricies
Questions: 35 Time: 4 hours 11 minutes Total Marks: 210

Q1 - ID: 913 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

A, B and C are 2 2 matrices.

(a) Given that AB = AC, and that A is not singular, prove that B = C .
12 3 3 3
(b) Given that AB = AC, where A = and B = ,
4 1 0 5
find a matrix C whose elements are all non-zero.

Q2 - ID: 2072 [2 marks, 2 minutes]

−1 2
Given that M =
4 −3
find M −1.

Q3 - ID: 2340 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

x x+1
Let the matrix T be defined by such that det T = −50 .
x − 4 −x
(a) Show that the equation for x is 2x2 − 3x − 54 = 0.
(b) The solutions for this equation are a and b. Find a and b.

Q4 - ID: 2557 [3 marks, 4 minutes]

3 2
You are given the matrix M =
0 3
(a) Find the inverse of M.
(b) A triangle of area 5 square units undergoes the
transformation represented by the matrix M. Find the area
of the image of the triangle following this transformation.

Q5 - ID: 5401 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

1 2
The matrix A is given by and I is the 2 2 identity matrix.
−2 −1
(a) Find A − 8I.
(b) Find A−1

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Q6 - ID: 6006 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

−2 2
Let M =
−1 5
(a) Write down the determinant of M.
(b) Write down M −1
x 5
(b) Hence solve M =
y 4

Q7 - ID: 5033 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

8 a
Given that X = where a is a constant, and a = 28,
−2 −7
(a) find X −1 in terms of a.
Given that X + X −1 = I , where I is the 2 2 identity matrix,
(b) find the value of a.

Q8 - ID: 5724 [8 marks, 10 minutes]

a −3
A= where a is a constant.
−7 9
(a) Find the value of a for which the matrix A is singular.
4 −3
B= where a is a constant.
−7 9
(b) Find B–1.
The transformation represented by B maps the point P onto the point Q.
Given that Q has coordinates (k − 4 2k + 12), where k is a constant,
(c) show that P lies on the line with equation y = x + 34 .

Q9 - ID: 5863 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

4 0
The matrix A is given by A = . Find
a 5
(a) A–1.
3 5
(b) 4A − .
0 3

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Q10 - ID: 5865 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

Given that A and B are 2 2 non-singular matrices

and I is the 2 2 identity matrix, simplify
B(AB)−1A − I .

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Q11 - ID: 5861 [12 marks, 14 minutes]

4 5 −2 4 0 −4
You are given that A = 3 −3 k and B = −2 12 12 + k
−2 5 −2 −9 30 27
24 5k − 10
and that AB is of the form 18 − 9k −36 + 30k −48 + 24k .
0 0
(a) Show that = 0 and = 14 + 5k
(b) Find AB when k = 2
(c) For the case when k = 2 write down the matrix A−1.
(d) Use the result from part (c) to solve the following simultaneous equations.
4x + 5y − 2z = 8
3x − 3y + 2z = −18
− 2x + 5y − 2z = 20

Q12 - ID: 5995 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

3 2 4 0
Let A = and B = . Find
2 −2 −3 3
(a) A + B.
(b) −3A.
(c) AB.

Q13 - ID: 5938 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

0 3 3 0
The matrices A and B are given by A = B= .
3 0 0 −3
(a) Calculate the matrix AB.
(b) Show that A2 is of the form kI where k is an integer and I is the 2 2 identity matrix.
(c) Show that (AB)2 = A2B2.

Q14 - ID: 5888 [3 marks, 4 minutes]

5 5
If M = show that M 2 = pI.
5 − 5
where p is an integer and I is the 2 2 identity matrix.

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Q15 - ID: 4925 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

The matrices A and B are given by

12 8 3 3
A= B=
16 20 5 5
The matrix M = A − 4B
(a) Show that M = n, where n is a positive integer.
(b) The matrix M represents a combination of an enlargement of scale factor
p and a reflection in a line L . State the value of p and write down the equation of L .
(c) Show that M 2 = qI where q is an integer and I is the 2 2 identity matrix.

Q16 - ID: 4666 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

4 5
If A = and A2 is a matrix whose entries are all 0, find k.
k −4

Q17 - ID: 2770 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

3 1 1 0
M= and I =
3 2 0 1
2
(a) Show that M = 5M − 3I
(b) Hence or otherwise express the matrix M 3 in the form M + I,
where are real numbers.

Q18 - ID: 3572 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

−2 4
(a) Given A = , find A−1
2 5
(b) Hence solve the system of simultaneous equations:
− 2x + 4y = 2
2x + 5y = 4

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Q19 - ID: 4963 [8 marks, 10 minutes]

A system of equations is given by

( + 15)x + 9y = k
6x + y = 6
(a) Find the values of λ for which the system of equations
does not have a unique solution.
(b) If = 3 find the values of k for which there are no real solutions.

Q20 - ID: 2326 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

The square matrix M is such that M 3 = 0.

Show that the inverse of (I − M ) is I + M + M 2.

Q21 - ID: 3570 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

4 −3
Let M = .
−4 1
(a) Find M 2
−3 4
(b) Let N = . Solve the matrix equation 5X + M = N
1 0

Q22 - ID: 3571 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

8 3 0 0
Let M = and O = .
2 1 0 0
Given that M 2 − 9M + kI = O, find k.

Q23 - ID: 3029 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

−4 1 3 4
You are given the matrix A = and B =
2 0 3 0
(a) Find BA
(b) A plane shape of area 7 square units is transformed using matrix A. The image is
transformed using matrix B. What is the area of the resulting shape?

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Q24 - ID: 5883 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

4 3 1 0
M= I=
5 −4 0 1
2
(a) Show that M = 0M − −31I
(b) Hence or otherwise express the matrix M 3 in the
form M + I where are real numbers.

Q25 - ID: 5447 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

(a) Write down the matrix for reflection in the y-axis.

(b) Write down the matrix for enlargement, scale factor 3, centred on the origin.
(c) Find the matrix for reflection in the y-axis, followed
by enlargement, scale factor 3, centred on the origin.

Q26 - ID: 5402 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

Describe fully the geometrical transformation represented by each of the following matrices:
5 0 0 1 1 0 0 62 0 78
(a) (b) (c) (d)
0 5 1 0 0 5 −0 78 0 62

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Q27 - ID: 5933 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

(a) Write down the matrix of the stretch which maps ABC to DEF
(b) The triangle DEF is reflected in the line y = x to give a third triangle, GHI.
Draw the triangle GHI.
(c) Find the matrix of the transformation which maps ABC to GHI.

Q28 - ID: 5964 [13 marks, 16 minutes]

A transformation T acts on all points in the plane.

The image of a general point P is denoted by P . P always lies on the
line y = x and has the same x-coordinate as P , as shown.
(a) Write down the image of the point (−2 4) under the transformation T .
(b) Write down the image of the point (x y) under the transformation T .
(c) Find the 2 2 matrix which represents the transformation.
0 −1
(d) Describe the transformation M represented by the matrix .
1 0
(e) Find the matrix representing the composite transformation of T followed by M.
(f) Find the image of the point (x y) under this composite transformation.
(g) State the equation of the line on which all these images lie.

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Q29 - ID: 5683 [10 marks, 12 minutes]

1 1
3 2 0 0 1 −
2 2
A= B= C= 1 1
0 3 2 1 0
2 2
(a) Describe fully the transformations described by each of the matrices A, B and C.
It is given that the matrix D = CA, and that the matrix E = DB.
(b) Find D.
(c) Show that E =
The triangle ORS has vertices at the points with coordinates (0 0) (−17 17) and (7 18).
This triangle is transformed onto the triangle OR′S′ by the transformation described by E.
(d) Find the coordinates of the vertices of triangle OR′S′.
e) Find the area of triangle OR′S′ and deduce the area of triangle ORS.

Q30 - ID: 5723 [8 marks, 10 minutes]

a 6
R= , where a and b are constants and a 0
a b
(a) Find R2 in terms of a and b.
Given that R2 represents an enlargement with centre (0 0) and scale factor 72,
(b) find the value of a and the value of b.

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Q31 - ID: 5856 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

The diagram shows the unit square OABC and its image ODEF.
after undergoing a transformation.
(a) Write down the matrix P representing this transformation.
6 −2
(b) The parallelogram ODEF is transformed by the matrix Q = .
0 5
Find the coordinates of the vertices of its image, OGHI, following this transformation.
(c) Describe fully the transformation represented by QP .

Q32 - ID: 5867 [9 marks, 11 minutes]

1 0
(a) The transformation P is represented by the matrix .
0 −1
Give a geometrical description of transformation P.
0 −1
(b) The transformation Q is represented by the matrix .
−1 0
Give a geometrical description of transformation Q.
(c) The transformation R is equivalent to transformation P followed
by transformation Q. Find the matrix that represents R.
(d) Give a geometrical description of the single transformation that is
represented by your answer to part (c).

Q33 - ID: 5448 [3 marks, 4 minutes]

Find the equation of the line of invariant points under

−2 −1
the transformation given by the matrix
3 2

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Q34 - ID: 2074 [2 marks, 2 minutes]

A transformation T : R2 R2 is represented by the matrix

k 4
A= where k is a constant.
3 −3
For the case k = −4, find the image under T of the line
with equation y = 1x + 2.

Q35 - ID: 2071 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

A transformation T : R2 R2 is represented by the matrix M, where

5 −2
M=
4 −1
There are two lines, passing through the origin, each of which is
mapped onto itself under the transformation T .
Find cartesian equations for each of these lines.

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Matricies - Mark Scheme

A1 - ID: 913 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

(a) A is not singular A−1 exists

AB = AC A−1AB = A−1AC B=C M1A1

(b) 12 3
AB = 3 3
4 1 0 5
36 51
= B1
12 17
12 3 a b 36 51
=
4 1 c d 12 17
4a + 1c = 12 4b + 1d = 17 M1
choose a = 1 c=8
choose b = 3 d=5
or any other non-zero values A1

A2 - ID: 2072 [2 marks, 2 minutes]

det(M) = (−1 −3) − (2 4) = 3 − 8 = − 5 B1

M −1 = 1 −3 −2 B1
−5 −4 −1

A3 - ID: 2340 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

(a) det(T ) = −x2 − (x + 1)(x − 4)

= −2x2 + 3x + 4 M1A1
−2x2 + 3x + 4 = −50
2x2 − 3x − 54 = 0 A1
(b) 2x2 − 3x − 54 = 0 (2x + 9)(x − 6) = 0
9
x =− 6 A2
2

A4 - ID: 2557 [3 marks, 4 minutes]

(a) det(M) = (3 3) − ( 2 0) = 9 − 0 = 9
3 −2
M −1 = 1
9
M1A1
0 3
(b) area = 5 9 = 45 A1

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A5 - ID: 5401 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

(a) A − 8I = 2 1 8 0 −7 2 B2
− =
−1 −2 0 8 −2 −9
(b) det(A) = (1 −1) − (2 −2) = − 1 − −4 = 3 B1
A−1 = 31 −1 −2 B1
2 1

A6 - ID: 6006 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

(a) determinant = (−2 5) − (2 −1) = − 8 A1

(b) M −1 = − 81 5 −2 M1A1
1 −2
(c) x = −1 5 −2 5 M1
y 8 1 −2 4
17 − 17
= − 81 = 3
8 M1A1
−3 8

A7 - ID: 5033 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

(a) det(X) = (8 −7) − (a −2) = 2a − 56 B1

M −1 = 1 −7 −a M1A1
2a−56 2 8
(b) X + X −1 = I 8 a 1 −7 −a 1 0 A1
+ 2a−56 =
−2 −7 2 8 0 1
2a − 56 = 1
a = 28 5 M1A1

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A8 - ID: 5724 [8 marks, 10 minutes]

(a) det(A) = 0 9a − 21 = 0
a = 37 M1A1
(b) det(B) = 15 B1
9 3
B−1 = 1
15
M1A1
7 4
(c) x = B−1 k−4 M1
y 2k + 12
= 1 9(k − 4) − −3(2k + 12)
15 7(k − 4) + 4(2k + 12)

= 1 15k
15 15k + 20
y = x + 34 M1A1

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A9 - ID: 5863 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

(a) A−1 = 1 5 0 B2
20 −a 4
(b) 3 5 = 16 0 3 5
4A − −
0 3 4a 20 0 3
= 13 −5 B2
4a 17

A10 - ID: 5865 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

B(AB)−1A − I = BB−1A−1A − I B1M1

= I I −I A1
= I2 − I
= I −I
0 0
= A1
0 0

A11 - ID: 5861 [12 marks, 14 minutes]

(a) = 4 0 + 5 12 + −2 30 = 0 B1
= −2 −4 + 5 (12 + k) + −2 27 = 14 + 5k M1A1
24 0 0
(b) AB = 0 24 0 M1A1
0 0 24
4 0 −4
(c) A−1 = 1
24
−2 12 14 M1B1A1
−9 30 27
x 4 0 −4 8
(d) = 1 M1
y 24
−2 12 14 −18
z −9 30 27 20
−48 −2
= 1 A3
24
48 = 2
−72 −3

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A12 - ID: 5995 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

(a) A+B = 3+4 2+0 7 2 M1A1

=
2 + −3 −2 + 3 −1 1
(b) −3A = −3 3 −3 2 −9 −6 M1A1
=
−3 2 −3 −2 −6 6
(c) AB = 3 2 4 0 6 6 M1A2
=
2 −2 −3 3 14 −6

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A13 - ID: 5938 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

(a) AB = 0 3 3 0 0 −9 M1A1
=
3 0 0 −3 9 0
0 3 0 3 9 0 1 0
(b) A2 = = = 9 M1A1
3 0 3 0 0 9 0 1
(c) (AB)2 = 0 −9 0 −9 −81 0 B1
=
9 0 9 0 0 −81
B2 = 9 0 B1
0 9

A2B2 = 81 0
= (AB)2 B1
0 81

A14 - ID: 5888 [3 marks, 4 minutes]

M2 = 5 5 5 5 M1
5 − 5 5 − 5
= 5 + 52 0 M1
0 2
5 +5
= 30I A1

A15 - ID: 4925 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

(a) M = A − 4B = 12 8 3 3
−4
16 20 5 5
0 −4
= 0 −1 B2
=4
−4 0 −1 0
(b) p = 4 L : y = −x B2
(c) M2 = 0 −4 0 −4
−4 0 −4 0

= 16 0 1 0 B2
= 16
0 16 0 1

A16 - ID: 4666 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

A2 = 4 5 4 5 M1
k −4 k −4
= 16 + 5k 0 A2
0 5k + 16
16 + 5k = 0
k = −3 2 M1A1

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A17 - ID: 2770 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

(a) M2 = 3 1 3 1 12 5 M1A1
=
3 2 3 2 15 7
5M − 3I = 15 5 −
3 0
=
12 5 M1A1
15 10 0 3 15 7
(b) M = 5M 2 − 3M
3 = 5(5M − 3I) − 3M M1A1
= 22M − 15I A1

A18 - ID: 3572 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

(a) A−1 = 1 5 −4 M1A1

−18 −2 −2
−2 4 x 2 x 1 5 −4 2
(b) = = −18
M1A1
2 5 y 4 y −2 −2 4
−6
x 1 −6 −18
= −18
= −12
y −12 −18
x = 0 33 y = 0 67 A2

A19 - ID: 4963 [8 marks, 10 minutes]

(a) determinant = 0 ( + 15) − 54 = 0 M1A1

2 + 15 − 54 = 0

( + 18)( − 3) = 0 M1A1
= −18 3 M1A1
(b) =3 18 9 x k
=
6 3 y 6
no real values k = 39 6
k = 18 M1A1

A20 - ID: 2326 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

(I − M )(I + M + M 2) = I + M + M 2 − M − M 2 − M 3 M1A2
= I − M3 = I A2
(I − M )(I + M + M 2) = I
(I − M )−1(I − M )(I + M + M 2) = (I − M )−1I
(I + M + M 2) = (I − M )−1 A2

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A21 - ID: 3570 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

(a) 4 −3
M2 = 4 −3 M1
−4 1 −4 1
= 28 −15 A1
−20 13
(b) 5X + M = N 4 −3 −3 4 M1
5X + =
−4 1 1 0
−7 7 A1
5X =
5 −1
1 −7 7 A1
X= 5 5 −1

A22 - ID: 3571 [6 marks, 7 minutes]

M2 = 8 3 8 3 M1
2 1 2 1
= 70 27 A1
18 7
72 27
9M = A1
18 9
70 27 72 27 k 0 A1
− + =0
18 7 18 9 0 k
−2 0 k 0 A1
+ =0
0 −2 0 k
k=2 A1

A23 - ID: 3029 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

(a) 3 4
BA = −4 1 −4 3 M1A1
=
3 0 2 0 −12 3
(b) det BA = 24 M1A1
area = 7 24 = 168 A1

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A24 - ID: 5883 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

(a) M2 = 4 3 4 3 31 0 M1A1
=
5 −4 5 −4 0 31
0M − −31I = 0 0 31 0 31 0 M1A1
+ =
0 0 0 31 0 31
(b) M3 = 0M 2 − −31M M1
= 0(0M − −31I) − −31M
= 31M − 0I M1A1

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A25 - ID: 5447 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

(a) matrix = −1 0 B1
0 1
(b) matrix = 3 0 B1
0 3
(c) matrix = 3 0 −1 0 M1
0 3 0 1
= −3 0 A1
0 3

A26 - ID: 5402 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

(a) transformation = enlargement, scale factor 5 B1

(b) transformation = reflection in y = x B2
(c) transformation = stretch in y direction, scale factor 5 B2
(d) transformation = rotation, 51.7° clockwise B2

A27 - ID: 5933 [7 marks, 8 minutes]

(a) matrix =3 0 M1A1

0 1
(b) triangle GHI = see below M1A1
(c) matrix = 0 1 3 0 B1M1
1 0 0 1
= 0 1 A1
3 0

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A28 - ID: 5964 [13 marks, 16 minutes]

(a) image = (−2 −2) B1

(b) image = (x x) B2
(c) matrix = 1 0 B3
1 0
(d) transformation = Rotation 90° anticlockwise about origin B2
(e) matrix = 0 −1 1 0
=
−1 0 M1A1
1 0 1 0 1 0
(f) image = (−x x) M1A1
(g) equation : y = −x B1

A29 - ID: 5683 [10 marks, 12 minutes]

(a) A = enlargement, scale factor 3 2 M1A1

B = reflection in y = x B1
C = rotation anticlockwise, 4 B1
1 1
− 3 2 0 3 −3
(b) D = 2 2 M1A1
1 1
=
0 3 2 3 3
2 2

(c) E = 3 −3 0 1 −3 3 B1
=
3 3 1 0 3 3
(d) = −3 3 0 −17 7 0 102 33
=
3 3 0 17 18 0 0 75
1
(e) area OR S = 2 102 75 = 3825 B1
area OR S = 3825 18 = 212 5 M1A1

A30 - ID: 5723 [8 marks, 10 minutes]

(a) R2 = a 6 a 6
a b a b

= a2 + 6a 6a + 6b M1A2
a2 + ab 6a + b2
(b) sf 72 a2 + 6a = 72 M1
a2 + 6a − 72 = 0
(a + 12)(a − 6) = 0
a=6 M1A1
6a + 6b = 0 b = −a = − 6 M1A1

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A31 - ID: 5856 [5 marks, 6 minutes]

(a) P = 3 1 B1
0 3

(b) coordinates =6 −2 0 3 4 1
0 5 0 0 3 3
= 0 18 18 0 M1A1
0 0 15 15
(c) transformation : stretch factor 18 in x direction B1
: stretch factor 15 in y direction B1

A32 - ID: 5867 [9 marks, 11 minutes]

(a) Transformation P = Reflection, in x-axis B2

(b) Transformation Q = Reflection, in y = −x B2
(c) matrix = 0 −1 1 0
−1 0 0 −1
= 0 1 B2
−1 0
(d) Transformation = Rotation, 90° clockwise, about (0,0) B3

A33 - ID: 5448 [3 marks, 4 minutes]

−2 −1 x x −2x + −1y = x 3x + 2y = y M2
=
3 2 y y
y = −3x A1

A34 - ID: 2074 [2 marks, 2 minutes]

−4 4 x = 0x + 8 M1
3 −3 1x + 2 0x + −6
image is (8 −6) A1

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A35 - ID: 2071 [4 marks, 5 minutes]

5 −2 x x 5x + −2mx = x 4x + −1mx = mx M1
=
4 −1 mx mx
4 + −1m
=m A1
5 + −2m
2m2 − 6m + 4 = 0
(2m − 2)(m − 2) = 0
m=1 2 M1
y = 1x y = 2x A1

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