GOVT.

POLYTECHNIC,SIKANDRA, KANPUR DEHAT

INTERNSHIP REPORT

PUBLIC DEPARTMENT WORK

in
CIVIL ENGINEERING

Submitted by:-

VIKAS BABOO
En.no:-E22333832200039
Motivational by Under guidance of
:-
Mr. Er.Charoo
mishra
H.O.D.CIVIL
(Principal) PARTMENT
2023-24
 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the intership work
entitled “
contruction of kanpur residential building is a
bonafide
work carried out by VIKAS BABOO is bonafide

student of Govt.polytechnic sikandra kanpur

tha award of diploma of Civil
engineering department durring the
academic year 2023-24 it is certify
that they have completed the intership

Er.Charoo Mishra
(principal)
. (HOD)
Govt.polytechnic Civil department
sikandra Govt.polytechnic.
Kanpur dehat sikandra.kanpur dehat
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I express my satisfaction on the

completion of this summer training
program and project report submission
as a part of the curriculum for the
degree of polytechnic, civil engineering.i
express my deepest gratitude to my
mentor Er.arpit Mishra for his kind
guidance during the entire period of
training program l thanks all of the
members of P.W.D. kanpur up
department for their kind support.they
have always been a source of inspiration
to me.

Date,:- 10/09/2024
Name:- VIKAS BABOO

En.no:- E22333832200039
 PREFACE

I am the student of the civil

engineering in final year.it is my great
opportunity for making this project.
The construction of government
residential building.
I make this project with full of
devotion and diligence with full
protection.
I think this project is beneficial for
urban areas.
I am thankful to my teacher specially
Er.CHAROO MISHRA (H.O.D.)civil
engineering,who give me guidance
and support.
 CONTENT
Title

1.Introduction
2.ELEVATION OF BUILDING

3.GROUNDFLOORAND FIRST'
FLOOR PLAN
4.SEFTY RULES
5.TOOLSUSEDATCONSTRUCTIONSITE

6.STONE MASORY

7.foundation
8.COLUMNSTARTER

9.COLUMNSHUTTERI
10.SIZESTONEMASONRY

11.SAND OR EARTH MATERIAL IN FILLING

12.FILLING IN FOUNDATION
13.FILLING IN FLOORING
14.CONSOLIDATION AFTER FILLING
 DECLARATION

I hear by declare that the project entitle.

CONSTRUCTION OF GOVERNMENT
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING Submitted to

GOVT.POLYTECHNIC SIKANDRA
KANPUR DEHAT

In partial fulfillment for award of

diploma in civil engineering during the
academic period 2023-24 is my
original work and not submitted for
the award of diploma or any other
similar title or prize.

PLACE:- (GOVT.POLYTECHNIC, SIKANDRA

KANPUR DEHAT )

DATE:-
14. TYPE OF WATER TANK
15.SECTION OF WATER TANK
16.PCC BED FILLING
17.REINFORCEMENT OF WATER TANK
18.CURRING
19.CONCLUSION
 1.INTRODUCTION

PWD: PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMNET

The Public Works Department is the authority that

looks into all kinds of public sectorworks in India.
Kanpur Public Works Department (also known as
Kanpur Public Works, Ports and Inland Water
Transport Department or KPWD) is the kanpur
government agency in charge of the
public works in the stateof up.India.
Itisentrustedwiththeresponsibilityofconstruction
and maintenance of buildings for most of the
kanpur government departments and public
undertakings and maintenance of road works
including the National Highways, State Highways,
and Major District roads.
2..ELEVATION

ELEVATION
3.GROUND FLOOR AND FIRST FLOOR
PLAN

FIG 1.GROUND FLOOR AND FIRST FLOOR

PLAN
 4. SAFETY MEASURES

• Wear the PPE at all the times.

• Do not start work without an induction.
Keep a tidy site.

• Do not put yourself or others at risk.

• Follow safety signs and procedure.
• Never work in unsafe areas.

• Never tamper with equipment.

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 5.Tools

FIG 2 NEEDLE VIBRATOR

FIG 3 ERSONAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT USED AT SITE

FIG 4 TOOLS USED AT CONSTRUCTION SITE

 6. FOUNDATION
1 FOUNDATION DEFINITION
A foundation is the element of any structure which connects it to
the ground and transfer loads from the structure to the ground.
Foundations are generally considered either shallow or deep.
Foundation is a load bearing structure which bears all the loads
coming on the building or any structure. Foundation is generally of
two types:
1. Shallow foundation
2. Deep foundatioATION
Adeepfoundationisatypeoffoundationwhichtransfersbui
ldingloadstotheearthfurtherdown from the surface
than a shallow foundation does, to a subsurface layer
or a range of depths. This processis utilized
whenexistingsoilis notstableenough to
handleafoundation.
Here the depth of foundation is greater than the
width of the foundation.
2.DEEP FOUNDATION
A deep foundation is a type of foundation which transfers building loads to the earth further do
wn from the surface than a shallow foundation does, to a subsurface layer or a range of
depths. This process is utilized when existing soil is not stable enough to handle a foundation.
Here the depth of foundation is greater than the width of the foundation.
Types of Deep founda

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Construction of Urban Development Office Internship report 2021-22

3.3 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

1. S.B.C for foundation is 1.6 T/SQM @ 2.00m.
2. Foundation should be laid at the depth as recommended in the soil test report.
3. The foundation of the building is designed for GROUND FLOOR + 4 FLOORS.
4. PCC-M10 grade Concrete, 150mm thick.
5. Footing clear cover 50mm.
6. Footing concrete M25.
7. Type of Footing: Combined, Individual.

FIG 3.1 COMBINED FOOTING AND INDIVIDUAL FOOTING

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Construction of Urban Development Office Internship report 2021-22

FIG 3.2 REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF FOOTING

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 7.COLUMNCONSTRUCTION

COLUMN DEFINITION
A column is a vertical structural member intended to transfer a compressive
load to the ground through footings.
Columns are typically constructed from materials such as stone, brick,
block, concrete, timber,steel, and so on which have good compressive stren
8.COLUMN STARTER

FIG 5 . COLUMN STARTER

 9.COLUMN shuttering

FIG 6 . COLUMN SHUTTERING

Construction of Urban Development Office Internship report 2021-22

MIX ; 25 Concrete
Column sizes: 230*600mm

Stirrups : 8#ties @ 200c/c

FIG 4.4 COMPACTION BY MECHANICAL VIBRATOR

FIG 4.5 CURING

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 10.STONEMASONRY
The construction of stones bonded together with mortar is termed as stone masonry where the
stones are available in an abundance in nature, on cutting and dressing to the proper shape, they
provide an economical material for the construction of various building components such as walls,
columns, footings, arches, lintels, beams etc.

1 SELECTION OF STONE FOR STONE MASONRY

1. Availability
2. Ease of working
3. Appearance
4. Strength and stability
5. Polishing characteristics
6. Economy
7. Durability

2 TYPES OF STONE MASONRY

Based on the arrangement of the stone in the construction and degree of refinement in the surface
finish, the stone masonry can be classified broadly in the following two categories:
1. Rubble masonry
2. Ashlar masonry

3 RUBBLE MASONRY
1. Coursed rubble masonry
2. Un-coursed rubble masonry
3. Random rubble masonry
4. Polygonal rubble masonry
5. Flint rubble masonry
6. Dry rubble masonry

4 ASHLAR MASONRY
1. Ashlar fine masonry
2. Ashlar rough tooled
3. Rock (or) Quarry faced
4. Ashlar chamfered masonry
5. Ashlar block in course

5.GENERAL PRINCIPLES
The stones to be used for stone masonry should be hard, tough and durable.
The pressure acting on stones should be vertical.
The stones should be perfectly dressed as per the requirements.
The stone masonry section should always be designed to take compression an
d not the tensile
stresses.
The masonry work should be properly cured after the completion of work,
for a period of 2 to 3 weeks.
The mortar to be used should be good quality and in the specified faces.The
construction work of stone masonry should be raised uniformly.

6 MORTAR
It’s a building material (such as a mixture of cement, lime,
or gypsum plaster with sand and water)that hardens and is used in masonry or
plastering.
Types of mortar as binding material:
Mortars are classified into the following five categories:
i. Cement mortar ii. Lime mortar iii. Surkhi mortar iv.
Gauged mortar v. Mud mortar
At work site cement mortar is used and 1:6 ratios
are used to prepare cement mortar.
FIG 7 . SIZE STONE MASONRY
 11SOIL FILLING
DEFINITION
A filling refers to a quantity of earthen material such as murrum, soil,
rock, aggregate, shingle,and sand that is placed and compacted in
trenches, foundation, and under floors for the purpose of filling in a
hole or depress
•SOIL OR EARTH
•MURRUM
•SAND
•SHINGLE

FIG 8 . SAND OR EARTH USED IN FILLING WORKS

 12.FILLING IN FOUNDATION
•
Once the work in the foundation has been completed the space around the foundation mas
onryintrenches shall be cleared of all debris, brickbats, etc.,

•Earth shall be rammed with iron rammer where feasible and with the butt ends of crowbar where
rammer cannot be used.

FIG 9 . FILLING IN FOUNDATION.

BACKFILLING`

The entire space between the substructure i.e., foundation and side of excavation shall be filled
back to the original surface level in layer not exceeding 250 mm in thickness. It shall be watered
and well compacted by means the rammers to achieve maximum consolidation. For Plinth filling
it shall start from the lowest level in the horizontal layer not exceeding 250 mm in depth. Each
layer should be compacted by ramming with rammer of 7-10 Kg weight. Filling shall beadequately
watered and ramped for achieving maximum compaction.
•Backfilling work shall not start until Site Engineer gives his approval to do so. Material used for
backfilling shall be any one or combination of soil types mentioned
Construction of Urban Development Office Internship report 2021-22

other than sand and 85% in case of sand. Compaction shall be carried out at optimum moisture
content (OMC). Soil after compaction shall be free from pockets underneath.
•After the compaction of final layer of soil, at least 3 cores shall be taken from the areas directed
by Site Engineer and the soil shall be tested in laboratory for the degree of compaction achieved.
Results shall be matched above (NOT CARRIED OUT)
•If the soil is excessively wet, it shall be allowed to dry sufficiently before compaction.
(Approximately OMC should be maintained)
•Hand compaction shall be resorted to as directed by the Site Engineer. Overall compacted
thickness of soil shall be as per drawing.
•Over the compacted ground, rubble soling shall be done. Stones shall be hand packed as close as
possible and bedded firmly on broadest base. Void shall be filled with chips and small stones.

FIG 6.3 RUBBLE SOLING

FIG 6.4 BACK FILLING

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6.5. PLINTH BEAM

6.5.1 STEEL BARS USED FOR PLINTH BEAM
The two bars with a minimum diameter of 12mm at the bottom of the beam should be provided
and at the top of these beams two bars with a minimum diameter of 10mm shall be provided. By
25mm concrete cover reinforcement bars should be protected and stirrups of 6mm and 15cm of
spacing are connected.

6.5.2. DETAILING OF PLINTH BEAM

Plinth beam : 230 * 300mm
Grade of concrete : M25 Grade
Steel bars : 12mm diameter
Bottom rods : 3 no. of rods
Top rods : 3 no. of rods
Filling depth from foundation level to plinth level: 275 mm (250-300mm standard)

FIG 6.5 STEEL BARS IN PLINTH BEAM

6.6. FILLING IN PLINTH

•The filling in plinth shall be started from the lowest level in regular horizontal layers, each not
exceeding 250 mm in depth.
•Each layer of the filling shall be compacted by ramming with rammers of 7 to 10 kg weight.
•The filling shall be adequately watered for achieving maximum compaction.

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13.
FILLING IN FLOORING AND CONSOLIDATION
Generally, for filling in large floors, like factory floors, hangars, etc.
compaction is carried out by mechanical means such as sheep-foot
roller or by hand roller or by power roller to 90 to 95 per cent of
standard Proctor’s density under optimum moisture conditions.
Here water consolidation method is used with hand ramming
procedure

FIG 1 0 . FILLING IN FLOORING

 14. CONSOLIDATION TYPES

Primary consolidation is carried out here, after the initial consolidation, a further decrease in
volume occurs. This time it is due to the expulsion of water from voids. The phenomenon or
mechanism is not much simple and faster than the earlier stage. after full saturation, the static
steady load applied is now taken up by the water in form of pore water pressure. The question may
arise ‘Why not by soil particles and the answer for that is water is almost incompressible in
comparison to soil. So even soil mass gets compressed water cannot and takes up all pressure.
(This phenomenon is beautifully explained by the Terzaghi Spring analogy model). Now on excess
pressure in the water, the hydraulic gradient is developed and thus water starts to flow forming
capillaries and release out. The pressure is now transferred to soil and thus closes capillaryvoids
resulting increase in effective stress and a decrease in volume. The rate and magnitude of decrease
in volume depending upon the permeability of the soil. Thus, their rate is different for various
types of soil i.e., in fine-grained soil (like clay) consolidation occurs for long time and coarse-
grained soil (like sandy loam) it takes comparatively shorter time due to high permeability.The
primary consolidation is simply known as “Consolidation” over a large scale.

FIG 1 1 . CONSOLIDATION AFTER FILLING

 14
TYPE OF WATER TANK BASED ON MATERIAL:
CONCRETE TANK:
Concrete water storage tanks can be built above grade or mostly hidden from view.
They are built on site because of the material’s weight.
Concrete is a porous material and needs to
be sealed to prevent minerals leaching in to water.
With proper sealing and construction techniques, this is can be addressed.
Mining production and delivery of concrete is energy intensive.
The advantage is achieved by its long life and its ability to be simply recycled.
Choosing a tank material choice is wonderful, but as you can see, there are
advantages and disadvantages with each type of tank, particularly when it comes
to environmental impacts – so it’s really a matter of gagging your needs and
budget and then choosing the lesser of the evils. In regards to the financial side the
things, bear in mind not just the initial cost, but how many times the tank will
need replacing over 10 years. This also plays a role in the concrete tanks have
been used in rural areas for many years but are becoming more common in the
city, particularly precast underground concrete tanks that can be placed under
driveways or front and back yards. The advantage of underground concrete
tanks is that they can collect large volumes of water in properties tight for
space that could not otherwise accommodate above-ground tanks. Housing with
small gardens still consume large volumes of water internally through laundries,
toilets and showers and could benefit from using underground concrete tanks for
‘whole of house’ water supply
ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE WATER TANK
COST:
The concrete tank its self is generally only slightly more expensive than some steel options,
however it becomes more expensive per liter when placing concrete tanks underground as
excavation, transport and crane hire (for larger tanks) can be quite expensive.

DETERIORATION / LIFE SPAN / DURABILITY:

Concrete tanks are extremely durable and most purpose – built concrete rainwater tanks have
plasticizers added for strength and are poured into a seamless mould to prevent leaks. Most
manufactures offer warranties of between 20 and 30 years, however a good quality concrete tank
can last several decades. While not as easy to repair as steel or fiberglass tanks, leaking concrete
tanks can be fixed with various sealants depending on the size of the crack and the position.
SIZE AND SHAPE:
There are more and more companies producing pre-cast concrete tanks in many shapes and sizes
including rectangular ones that fit neatly under driveways. Underground concrete tanks can also
be casted on site (in situ). Most concrete tanks, whether pre-cast or built on site, are designed to
be load bearing and are therefore ideal for placing under driveways.
Water quality: Some older concrete tanks may leach lime, increasing the PH of water and affecting
its taste. However, in most cases the water quality most concrete tanks are very good. Concrete
tanks tend to keep the water cooler than most other tanks, reducing the likelihood of bacterial
growth.

SITE PREPARATION:
Concrete tanks are extremely heavy and therefore some settling tends to occur once put in place
The use of packing sand or cracker dust is recommended and it may be worth rolling or
compacting the sand before installing the tank to reduce initial movement. It is advisable to allow
the tank to settle for a number of weeks before connecting fixed plumbing of resources used.

DESIGN CONSIDERATION
Excavation of soil: 3.2 m
PCC: M10 grade, 0.15 m thickness
Clear cover: 30 mm
 15.SECTION OF TANK
Inner – Inner: width = 2.5 m
Length = 4.5 m

FIGSECTION OF TANK ALONG LONGER DIRECTION

16 PCC BED FILLIN

12
17.REINFORCEMENT OF TANK

FIG SLAB CONCRETING

 18.Curing

FIG. SHUTTERING FOR CONCRETE FILLING

FIG. CURING OF WATER TANK

 19. CONCLUSION
• The internship is a bridge between the theoretical knowledge

•
and the practical or the reality work at the field of construction
or civil engineering work.
we all who take the internship class go the companies that
• already working either as a consultant or a contractor. This
program played an important role to break the conventional
thought that field works can be only implemented by students
• who hold a degree or people who have an experience in
building construction.
•
As an undergraduate, this training program was an excellent
•
opportunity for me to get to the ground level and experience the
things that I would have never gained through going straight intoa
job. Internship was very great opportunity I got to apply the
theories that I learnt with the real industry for real situations.
Having exposed to situations I was able to obtain lot of
experiences which will be definitely
helpful to attain success in my future career as an engineer.
Finally, I cansay with a great pleasure that 30 days of
internship was a helpful period of time for me to excel my skills.
The experience I gained through this training program will be a stron
g foundation to my career.
Construction of Urban Development Office Internship report 2021-22

PHOTO WITH SITE ENGINEER

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Construction of Urban Development Office

REFRENCES

Dept. of Civil engineering 39