World Mining Data 2025

Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals

Non-Ferrous Metals
Precious Metals
Industrial Minerals
Mineral Fuels
World Mining Data 2025
Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Precious Metals
Industrial Minerals
Mineral Fuels

Volume 40
C. Reichl, M. Schatz
Minerals Production

Vienna, 2025

1
Legal notice

Media owner and publisher:

Federal Ministry of Finance
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Text and Editing: Christian Reichl

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Layout of Statistical Tables: Alexandra Masopust
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Photo credits: BMF/Holnsteiner, Sinter with Oxides on Chalcopyrite, Tyrol/Austria (Title),
BKA/Wenzel (Page 3)
ISBN 978-3-901074-58-5
Vienna, 2025. Last updated: 10. April 2025

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This publication is a statistical work. Due to the nature of this publication, only chapters
1-5 are accessible at this time. We are currently striving to expand the usability and
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Preface

Raw materials are the backbone of the economy. The sufficient

supply of mineral raw materials under fair market conditions is
essential for a sustainable and well-functioning economy.
Although the geological availability of minerals is relatively high,
occurring disruptions can lead to a shortfall of mineral
resources. Smouldering geopolitical tensions, wars and
protectionist measures such as trade restrictions relentlessly
Dr. Markus Marterbauer demonstrate our vulnerability in a still globalized world with its
Federal Minister complex dependencies and widely ramified value chains.

, LL.M.
Raw materials are necessary to secure our future viability and to solve the grand
challenges in the fields of climate and energy, health, nutrition, mobility, digitalisation and
security and defence. Critical raw materials that are essential especially for transformation
technologies are particularly
Bundesminister affected. To foster the security of supply of commodities
stable legal frameworks attracting investments in exploration and exploitation, fair trade,
innovations along the entire value chain and the expansion of the circular economy are
part of the solutions. Additionally, domestic production contributes to independence and
strategic autonomy. A holistic and cross-policy approach is needed to meet these major
challenges.

Fact-based knowledge of mineral production, market concentrations and production

trends are the basis of foresighted policy and decision-making. This can help to identify
potential short or medium-term supply risks. I am delighted that the annual publication
"World Mining Data" has served as a valuable basis for commodity forecasts of renowned
national and international institutions for 40 years. In this way, the Austrian Federal
Ministry of Finance provides an important contribution to international resource policy.

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Austrian representations abroad as well as

to international institutions for their support and active participation regarding this
publication.

Dr. Markus Marterbauer

Federal Minister of Finance

World Mining Data 2025 3

 Minerals –
Total mining production 2023
by continents
Africa
Europe 4.8 %

Backbone of
5.5 %
Latin 5.6 %
America
Oceania 6.3 %

2023

the economy
15.5 % 62.3 %

North
America

Asia

Major developments World mining production Total mining production 1984–2023

20 000

in global mining
2023
17 500

15 000

production based 19.2 Billion metric tons

Million metr. tons

12 500

10 000

on World Mining 2000 7 500

5 000
11.3 Billion metric tons
Data 2025 2 500

1985

1984

1988

1992

1996

2000

2004

2008

2012

2016

2020
9.6 Billion metric tons
Mineral Fuels Iron, Ferro–Alloys Non–Ferrous Metals
Precious Metals Industrial Minerals

Minerals production: Latin America China, USA, Russia and India Iron and Ferro–Alloy Metals
surpassed Europe in 2023 are the 4 biggest mining nations
Ratio of Iron Ore to all other
2 000 Ferro-Alloy Metals
other

97.0 % to 3.0 %
1 800
Europe China
Million metr. tons

1 600 26.9 %
1 400 Growth rate of Cobalt production
Latin America 2000/2023 (2019/2023)
1 200 45.8 % 2023
1 000
Africa 12.3 % USA
360.8 % (58.7 %)
800
Oceania
Growth rate of Nickel production
600 8.0 % 2000/2023 (2019/2023)
7.0 %
400 Russia
227.0 % (36.9 %)
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024

India

China is world`s largest producer of Δ 2000/2023 – Declining production rates only in Europe since 2000
28 different commodities:
• 4 Iron and Ferro–Alloy Metals:
Mo, Ti, W, V
• 14 Non-Ferrous Metals: Al, Sb, Bi, Cd,
Ga, Ge, In, Pb, Hg, REE, Se, Te, Sn, Zn
• 1 Precious Metal: Au
• 7 Industrial Minerals: +136.7 %
Fluorspar, Graphite, Gypsum, +27.7 % - 40.6 %
Magnesite, Phosphate Rock,
Salt, Sulfur
• 2 Mineral Fuels: +21.2 %
Steam Coal, Coking Coal +18.3 %
+136.1 %

4 World Mining Data 2025

 Development status of Political stability of Per capita income in USD –
producer countries producer countries Mineral production and wealth
20 000 20 000 20 000

15 000 15 000 15 000

Million metr. tons

Million metr. tons

Million metr. tons

10 000 10 000 10 000

5 000 5 000 5 000

1985 2000 2023 1996 2010 2023 1985 2000 2023

Least Developed Countries Developing Countries Extreme Unstable Unstable Low Income Lower Middle Income
Transition Countries Developed Countries Fair Stable Upper Middle Income High Income

Non–Ferrous Metals Increase in Congo, D.R. Strong increase in Lithium production

Copper production (Li2 O-Content)
Ratio of 4 base metals Al, Cu, Zn, Pb
to all other Non-Ferrous Metals

98.7 % to 1.3 %
25.0 500 000

20.0 400 000

Million metr. tons

Growth rate of Non-Ferrous Metals

metr. tons
15.0 300 000
production 2000/2023 (2019/2023)

123.5 % (8.8 %) 10.0

5.0
200 000

100 000
Growth rate of Aluminium production
2000/2023 (2019/2023)

187.2 % (11.8 %)
2005

2010

2015

2020

2023

2015

2017

2019

2021

2023
Chile Congo, D.R. Peru China USA other Australia Chile China Zimbabwe Argentina other

Big changes in production Strong increase in Rare Earth Minerals Steady increase
production (REO-Content) in Steam Coal production
∆ 2000/2023 ∆ 2019/2023 400 000
8 000
350 000
Lithium 1 735.1 % 160.2 %
300 000 6 000
Gallium 1 271.2 % 90.6 %
Million metr. tons

250 000
metr. tons

Rare Earths 372.5 % 89.2 % 200 000 4 000

150 000

Mercury -25.7 % -54.3 % 100 000 2 000

50 000
Diamond (Ind) -30.2 % -31.7 %
2005

2010

2015

2020

2023
2015

2017

2019

2021

2023

Asbestos -39.8 % 8.9 %

China Myanmar USA Australia other China India Indonesia USA Australia other

Fertilizer Minerals: Mine production 2023 by major producer countries

22.2 % 44.3 % 19.4 % 31.2 % 22.4 %

5.6 % 43.9 %
5.1 % Phosphates Potash Sulfur 10.4 %
China Canada China
Morocco 7.7 % Russia 12.1 % USA
Russia Belarus Saudi Arabia
8.5 %
USA 7.9 % China 17.5 % UAE
Jordan 12.8 % Germany 14.2 % Russia 7.2 % 7.6 %
other other other

World Mining Data 2025 5

Table of Contents

1 Mineral Raw Materials .............................................................................................. 9

2 Definitions............................................................................................................... 10

3 Details on Contents, Weights, Measures and Values ................................................ 13

4 Regional and Sectoral Groups .................................................................................. 17

4.1 Development Status of Producer Countries ........................................................... 17
4.2 Regional Groups of Producer Countries ................................................................. 19
4.3 Economic Blocks or Cartel-like Associations ........................................................... 20
4.4 Political Stability of Producer Countries................................................................. 23
4.5 Minerals Production by GNI (Gross National Income) of Producer Countries
in USD .................................................................................................................. 24
4.6 Concentration of Producer Countries .................................................................... 25

5 Data Capture ........................................................................................................... 26

Charts ......................................................................................................................... 27

6 World Production of Mineral Raw Materials ............................................................ 31

6.1 Total World Production ......................................................................................... 31
6.1.1 Total Minerals Production, by Continents .......................................................... 31
6.1.2 Total Minerals Production, by World Regions (according to UN) ...................... 33
6.1.3 Total Minerals Production, by Development Status of Producer Countries ...... 36
6.1.4 Total Minerals Production, by Country Groups and Economic Blocks ............... 37
6.1.5 Total Minerals Production, by Political Stability of Producer Countries ............ 39
6.1.6 Total Minerals Production, by Groups of Commodities ..................................... 40
6.1.7 Mineral Fuels ...................................................................................................... 42
6.1.7.1 Total Production in metr. t ............................................................................... 42
6.1.7.2 Total Production in tons of coal equivalent (TCE) ............................................ 44
6.1.8 Total Minerals Production 2023, by Country...................................................... 46
6.1.8.1 by Production in metr. t ................................................................................... 46
6.1.8.2 by Value in Million USD (not included Diamonds) ........................................... 49
6.2 World Production of Mineral Raw Materials, by Mineral Raw Materials ................ 53
6.2.1 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals ................................................................................ 53
6.2.2 Non-Ferrous Metals ............................................................................................ 53

World Mining Data 2025 7

 6.2.3 Precious Metals................................................................................................... 54
6.2.4 Industrial Minerals .............................................................................................. 54
6.2.5 Mineral Fuels ...................................................................................................... 55
6.3 World Production of Mineral Raw Materials, by Development Status, Income,
Political Stability of the Producer Countries (according to World Bank),
Country Groups and Economic Blocks ................................................................... 57
6.3.1 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals ................................................................................ 57
6.3.2 Non-Ferrous Metals ............................................................................................ 66
6.3.3 Precious Metals................................................................................................... 82
6.3.4 Industrial Minerals .............................................................................................. 86
6.3.5 Mineral Fuels .................................................................................................... 103
6.4 Production of Mineral Raw Materials of individual Countries, by Minerals .......... 111
6.4.1 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals .............................................................................. 111
6.4.2 Non-Ferrous Metals .......................................................................................... 117
6.4.3 Precious Metals................................................................................................. 127
6.4.4 Industrial Minerals ............................................................................................ 132
6.4.5 Mineral Fuels .................................................................................................... 147
6.5 Share of World Mineral Production 2023, by Countries ....................................... 155
6.5.1 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals .............................................................................. 155
6.5.2 Non-Ferrous Metals .......................................................................................... 161
6.5.3 Precious Metals................................................................................................. 171
6.5.4 Industrial Minerals ............................................................................................ 175
6.5.5 Mineral Fuels .................................................................................................... 191
6.6 Production of Mineral Raw Materials of individual Countries, by Countries ......... 199

8 World Mining Data 2025

1 Mineral Raw Materials
The mineral materials included in this report are arranged in five groups:

Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals

Non-Ferrous Metals
Precious Metals
Industrial Minerals
Mineral Fuels

Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals:

Iron, Chromium, Cobalt, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Niobium, Tantalum, Titanium,
Tungsten, Vanadium

Non-Ferrous Metals:
Aluminium, Antimony, Arsenic, Bauxite, Beryllium, Bismuth, Cadmium, Copper, Gallium,
Germanium, Indium, Lead, Lithium, Mercury, Rare Earth Minerals, Rhenium, Selenium,
Tellurium, Tin, Zinc

Precious Metals:
Gold, Platinum-Group Metals (Palladium, Platinum, Rhodium), Silver

Industrial Minerals:
Asbestos, Baryte, Bentonite, Boron Minerals, Diamond (Gem/Industrial), Diatomite,
Feldspar, Fluorspar, Graphite, Gypsum and Anhydrite, Kaolin (China-Clay), Magnesite,
Perlite, Phosphate Rock (incl. Guano), Potash, Salt, Sulfur, Talc (incl. Steatite and
Pyrophyllite), Vermiculite, Zircon

Mineral Fuels:
Steam Coal (incl. Anthracite and Sub-Bituminous Coal), Coking Coal, Lignite, Natural Gas,
Petroleum (incl. Natural Gas Liquids), Oil Sands, Oil Shales, Uranium

World Mining Data 2025 9

2 Definitions
Mineral raw materials are mineral constituents of the earth's crust which are of economic
value. In the most comprehensive sense this includes the so-called “mine output” as well
as the output from processing at or near the mines (for instance, the up-grading of ores to
concentrates).

Primary materials are marketable products obtained by processing crude minerals (usually
up to the first processing stage only).

Contents of output are mostly calculated empirically (see Chapter 3).

Weights and Measures:

1 metric ton (metr. T) = 1 000 kg
1 short ton (short t) = 907.2 kg
1 long ton (long t) = 1 016.047 kg
1 pound (lb) = 0.4536 kg
1 troy ounce (oz) = 31.1035 g
1 carat (ct) = 200 mg

Conversion table:
Volume units:
1 cubic foot (ft3) = cubic meter (m3) x 0.028317
1 cubic meter (m3) = cubic foot (ft3) x 35.31467
1 US (=petroleum) barrel (bbl) = 42 liquid US gallons = 158.98 l
1 flask mercury = 76 lb = 34.5 kg

Conversion for salt brine:

1 m3 x 0.3 = 1 metr. t

Conversion factor for natural gas (approximate method):

1 m3 ≈ 0.8 kg = 0.0008 metr. t

10 World Mining Data 2025

Conversion for crude petroleum (approximate method):
7.33 bbl (barrel) = 1 metr. t
1 bbl = 0.1364 metr. t
1 bbl/d ≈ 49.8 metr. t/a

Conversion factor for lignite (metr. t to TCE = tons of coal equivalent):

Greece, North Macedonia 0.19
Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Belarus, Bhutan, Botswana, Brazil,
Burundi, Central African Republic, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechia, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Falkland/Malvinas Islands, Finland, Georgia,
Germany, Haiti, Honduras, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Korea
North, Korea South, Kyrgyzstan, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, New Caledonia, Niger, Norway, Oman, Poland, Rwanda,
Sierra Leone, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, St. Vincent/Grenadine, Sweden,
Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Turkmenistan, Remaining Eastern Asia (SWL), Remaining
Eastern Europe, former USSR/CIS, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Venezuela, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe 0.30
Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, former Yugoslavia
0.32
Australia, Cambodia, Denmark, India, Japan, Laos, Madagascar, Myanmar, Nigeria,
Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Thailand, Türkiye, Vietnam 0.33
Italy 0.36
China, France, Hungary 0.40
Russia 0.45
Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, New Zealand, United States of America 0.50
Portugal 0.58

Conversion factor for steam coal, coking coal (metr. t to TCE = tons of coal equivalent):
Czechia, Albania 0.60
Indonesia 0.65
Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan 0.66
Cameroon, Chile, Ecuador, Pakistan, St. Vincent/Grenadines, Sweden 0.70
India 0.71
China, Remaining Eastern Asia 0.72
Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro, former Yugoslavia 0.76
Spain 0.77
Japan, Nigeria 0.78

World Mining Data 2025 11

Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Falkland/Malvinas Islands,
Finland, Greece, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Korea North,
Korea South, Laos, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia,
Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niger, Norway,
Oman, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Remaining Asia, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Sierra
Leone, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zaire,
Zambia, Zimbabwe 0.80
United Kingdom 0.82
France, Poland, Remaining Africa, South Africa 0.85
Belgium, United States of America 0.86
Australia 0.90
Türkiye 0.91
Germany, Colombia 0.94
Canada 0.95

Sources and accuracy of data (see chapter 6.4):

1 reported figure
2 estimated figure
3 provisional figure

a Questionnaire
b US Geological Survey (USGS)
c Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS)
d World Nuclear Association (WNA)
e National statistics
f Metallgesellschaft (until 1998)
m OECD and ECE
n Others (Company reports etc.)
o Oil & Gas Journal
p International Energy Agency (IEA)
q International Consultative Group (ICG)
r BP plc
s British Geological Survey (BGS)

12 World Mining Data 2025

3 Details on Contents, Weights,
Measures and Values
Mineral raw materials and ore bodies with significant variations in valuable mineral
content have been calculated to obtain the actually useable mineral content, e.g. highly
variable Fe-contents of iron carbonates and iron oxides. Production figures throughout
this report do not (unless otherwise specified) refer to crude ore (ROM/run of mine) or
concentrate produced from it, but indicate the content of recoverable valuable elements
and compounds.
Total world production figures (chapter 6.1) do not include Bauxite production as Bauxite
is the base raw material in Aluminium production. Production figures for Bauxite can be
found in commodity and country statistics (chapter 6.2 ff.).

Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals:

Iron Fe metr. t
Chromium Cr2O3 metr. t
Cobalt Co metr. t
Manganese Mn metr. t
Molybdenum Mo metr. t
Nickel Ni metr. t
Niobium Nb2O5 metr. t
Tantalum Ta2O5 metr. t
Titanium TiO2 metr. t
Tungsten W metr. t
Vanadium V metr. t

World Mining Data 2025 13

Non-Ferrous Metals
Aluminium Al, primary metr. t
Antimony Sb metr. t
Arsenic As2O3 metr. t
Bauxite crude ore metr. t
Beryllium concentrate metr. t
Bismuth Bi metr. t
Cadmium Cd metr. t
Copper Cu metr. t
Gallium Ga metr. t
Germanium Ge metr. t
Indium In metr. t
Lead Pb metr. t
Lithium Li2O metr. t
Mercury Hg metr. t
Rare Earth Minerals REO metr. t
Rhenium Re kg
Selenium Se metr. t
Tellurium Te metr. t
Tin Sn metr. t
Zinc Zn metr. t

Precious Metals:
Gold Au kg
Palladium Pd kg
Platinum Pt kg
Rhodium Rh kg
Silver Ag kg

14 World Mining Data 2025

Industrial Minerals:
Asbestos metr. t
Baryte metr. t
Bentonite metr. t
Boron Minerals metr. t
Diamonds (Gem) ct
Diamonds (Industrial) ct
Diatomite metr. t
Feldspar metr. t
Fluorspar metr. t
Graphite metr. t
Gypsum and Anhydrite metr. t
Kaolin (China-Clay) metr. t
Magnesite metr. t
Perlite metr. t
Phosphate Rock P2O5 metr. t
Potash K2O metr. t
Salt (Rock Salt, Brines,
metr. t
Marine Salt)
Sulfur (elementar and
metr. t
industrial Sulfur)
Talc, Steatite and
metr. t
Pyrophyllite

Vermiculite metr. t
Zircon concentrate metr. t

World Mining Data 2025 15

Mineral Fuels:
Steam coal
(incl. Anthracite, bituminous metr. t
and sub-bituminous Coal)

Coking Coal metr. t

Lignite metr. t
Natural Gas marketed prod. Mio m3
Petroleum
gross prod. metr. t
(incl. Nat. Gas Liquids)
Oil Sands gross prod. metr. t
Oil Shales metr. t
Uranium U3O8 metr. t

Commodity Prices:
Sources of annual averages:

• Fastmarkets Metal Bulletin

• Fastmarkets Industrial Minerals
• BGR-Rohstoffdatenbank, 2024; Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und
Rohstoffe, Deutschland
• U.S. Geological Survey
• Kitco Metals Inc.
• Metal-Pages
• Cameco Corporation
• International Energy Agency (IEA)
• U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)

16 World Mining Data 2025

4 Regional and Sectoral Groups

4.1 Development Status of Producer Countries

An attempt was made to identify the development status of all countries that produce
mineral raw materials. The different producer countries were classified according to
international standards considering in particular UNCTAD classifications. The classification
has been adopted for statistical convenience only (see fig. 5).

Important note: The designations "developing" and "developed" are intended for
statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage
reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Where the
designations "economy" or "country" appear in tables, they cover countries, territories,
cities and areas.

Developed, developing countries:

According to OECD GLOSSARY OF STATISTICAL TERMS

There is no established convention for the designation of "developed" and "developing"

countries or areas in the United Nations system. In common practice, Japan and Korea
South in Asia, Canada and the United States in northern America, Australia and New
Zealand in Oceania and Europe are considered "developed" regions or areas. In
international trade statistics, the Southern African Customs Union is also treated as
developed region and Israel as a developed country; countries emerging from the former
Yugoslavia are treated as developed countries; countries of Eastern Europe and former
USSR countries in Europe are treated as developed countries; and former USSR countries
in Asia are treated as developing countries.

For detailed list of developed and developing countries see

https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/

Source: United Nations. Standard country or Area Codes for Statistical Use. Series M,
No. 49, Rev. 4 (United Nations publication, Sales No. M.98.XVII.9).

World Mining Data 2025 17

Least Developed Countries:
According to OECD GLOSSARY OF STATISTICAL TERMS

According to the General Assembly, on the recommendation of the Committee for

Development Policy, countries listed below are included in the list of the least developed
countries (year in brackets indicates the inclusion in the group):

Africa: Angola (1994), Benin (1971), Burkina Faso (1971), Burundi (1971), Central African
Republic (1975), Chad (1971), Comoros (1977), Congo, D.R. (1991), Djibouti (1982), Eritrea
(1994), Ethiopia (1971), Gambia (1975), Guinea (1971), Guinea-Bissau (1981), Lesotho
(1971), Liberia (1990), Madagascar (1991), Malawi (1971), Mali (1971), Mauritania (1986),
Mozambique (1988), Niger (1971), Rwanda (1971), Sao Tome and Principe (1982), Senegal
(2000), Sierra Leone (1982), Somalia (1971), South Sudan (2012), Sudan (1971), Tanzania
(1971), Togo (1982), Uganda (1971), Zambia (1991)

Asia and the Pacific: Afghanistan (1971), Bangladesh (1975), Bhutan (1971-2023),
Cambodia (1991), Kiribati (1986), Laos P.D.R. (1971), Myanmar (1987), Nepal (1971),
Solomon Islands (1991), East Timor (2003), Tuvalu (1986), Yemen (1971)

Latin America and the Caribbean: Haiti (1971)

Source: United Nations. Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed
Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States (OHRLLS).
United Nations webpage https://www.un.org/ohrlls

Economies in Transition:
According to UNCTAD HANDBOOK OF STATISTICS (2021) the category "Economies in
Transition" is no longer used. As of 2022 Asean countries of this former category are
treated as developing countries and European countries are treated as developed
countries.

Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan,

Uzbekistan

Europe: Albania, Belarus, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Moldova,

Montenegro, Russia, Serbia, Ukraine

18 World Mining Data 2025

4.2 Regional Groups of Producer Countries

World Regions: (according to UN)

CAS - Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia – Asia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan,
Uzbekistan

EAS - Eastern Asia: China, Japan, Korea North, Korea South, Mongolia, Taiwan

EEU - Eastern Europe: Belarus, Bulgaria, Czechia, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania,
Russia - Europe, Slovakia, Ukraine

LAM - Latin America and the Caribbean: Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil,
Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama,
Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela

NAF - Northern Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia

NAM - Northern America: Canada, Unites States of America

NEU - Northern Europe: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom

OCE - Oceania: Australia, Christmas Island, Fiji, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Zealand,
Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands

SAS - Southern Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran, Nepal, Pakistan,
Sri Lanka

SEAS - South-eastern Asia: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar,

Philippines, Thailand, Viet Nam

SEU - Southern Europe: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Kosovo,
Malta, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain

SSA - Sub-Saharan Africa: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon,
Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo D.R., Congo Rep., Cote d'Ivoire,

World Mining Data 2025 19

Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho,
Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger,
Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Tanzania,
Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

WAS - Western Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Jordan,
Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Türkiye, United Arab Emirates, Yemen

WEU - Western Europe: Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland

Apart from these, the memberships of various countries in different economic blocks or
other cartel-like associations were taken into consideration.

4.3 Economic Blocks or Cartel-like Associations

Economic blocks or cartel-like associations were included as follows (in alphabetical order,
year of entry in brackets):

ACP Countries: African, Caribbean and Pacific group of states linked to the European
Communities as signatory to the Georgetown Agreement and the Lomé Conventions
Africa: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo D.R., Congo Rep., Côte d'Ivoire, Djibuti, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya,
Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Caribbean: Antigua-Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican

Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, St. Kitts-Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent-
Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago

Pacific: Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Nauru, Niue, East Timor,
Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu

20 World Mining Data 2025

ASEAN Countries: Association of South East Asian Nations
Brunei (1984), Cambodia (1999), Indonesia, Laos (1997), Malaysia, Myanmar (1997),
Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam (1995)

BRICS Countries:
A 2001 report by Goldman Sachs chief economist Jim O'Neill created the modern term for
the four major emerging economies with annual growth rates in economic performance of
5 to 10%. BRICS stands for the initials of the countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China.
South Africa joined in 2011. Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran and United Arab Emirates joined in 2024,
Indonesia joined in 2025.

EC (EU): European Community

Austria (1995), Belgium (1952/58), Bulgaria (2007), Croatia (2013), Cyprus (2004), Czechia
(2004), Denmark (1973), Estonia (2004), Finland (1995), France (1952/58), Germany
(1952/58), Greece (1981), Hungary (2004), Ireland (1973), Italy (1952/58), Latvia (2004),
Lithuania (2004), Luxemburg (1952/58), Malta (2004), Netherlands (1952/58), Poland
(2004), Portugal (1986), Romania (2007), Slovakia (2004), Slovenia (2004), Spain (1986),
Sweden (1995), United Kingdom (1973-2020)

EFTA: European Free Trade Association

Austria (until 1994), Denmark (until 1973), Finland (until 1994), Iceland, Liechtenstein,
Norway, Portugal (until 1986), Sweden (until 1994), Switzerland, United Kingdom (until
1973)

G7: Group of the Most Important Industrialized Countries

G7 (1976): Canada, Germany, France, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States of
America, Russia (1998-2013)

MERCOSUR (Mercado Comun del Sur): Common Market of the South

Treaty since January 1, 1995 between Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay
establishing a common market; Venezuela 2006-2017; associated members: Bolivia, Chile,
Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname

World Mining Data 2025 21

OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
Australia (1971), Austria (1961), Belgium (1961), Canada (1961), Chile (2010), Colombia
(2020), Costa Rica (2021), Czechia (1995), Denmark (1961), Estonia (2010), Finland (1969),
France (1961), Germany (1961), Greece (1961), Hungary (1996), Iceland (1961), Ireland
(1961), Israel (2010), Italy (1961), Japan (1964), Korea South (1996), Latvia (2016),
Lithuania (2018), Luxemburg (1961), Mexico (1994), Netherlands (1961), New Zealand
(1973), Norway (1961), Poland (1996), Portugal (1961), Slovakia (2000), Slovenia (2010),
Spain (1961), Sweden (1961), Switzerland (1961), Türkiye (1961), United Kingdom (1961),
United States of America (1961)

SADC: Southern African Development Community

Angola, Botswana, Comoros (2017), Congo D.R. (1997), Eswatini, Lesotho, Madagascar
(2005-2009, 2014), Malawi, Mauritius (1995), Mozambique, Namibia (1990), Seychelles
(1997-2004, 2008) South Africa (1994), Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe

USMCA: United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (former NAFTA)

Canada, Mexico, United States of America
USMCA was established on July 1, 2020 (NAFTA: January 1, 1994 - June 30, 2020).

22 World Mining Data 2025

4.4 Political Stability of Producer Countries

The worldwide Governance Indicators rely on 31 data sources, including surveys of

enterprises and citizens and expert polls, gathered from 25 different organizations around
the world (D. KAUFMANN, A. KRAAY & M. MASTRUZZI 2010). These provide data derived
from hundreds of questions about governance. Before aggregation is carried out each
question is mapped to one of six dimensions of governance: (1) Voice and Accountability;
(2) Political Stability and Absence of Violence; (3) Government Effectiveness; (4)
Regulatory Quality; (5) Rule of Law; (6) Control of Corruption.

Definition of political stability and absence of violence: A measure of the perception of the
likelihood that the government will be destabilized or overthrown by unconstitutional or
violent means, including political violence and terrorism.

The values of measurement are indexed with a mean of zero and a standard deviation of
one in each period. Virtually all scores lie between -2.5 and +2.5, with higher scores
corresponding to better outcomes. The aggregate estimates convey no information about
trends in global averages of governance but they are, of course, informative about
changes in individual countries over time.

Classes of political stability used in WMD: Estimates ≤ -1.25: extremely unstable; ≤ 0 to -

1.25: unstable; > 0 to +1.25: fair; ≥ +1.25: stable; (see fig. 6).

More information: Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart and Mastruzzi, Massimo, The Worldwide
Governance Indicators: Methodology and Analytical Issues (September 2010). World Bank
Policy Research Working Paper No. 5430. Available at SSRN:
https://ssrn.com/abstract=1682130

World Mining Data 2025 23

4.5 Minerals Production by GNI (Gross National Income) of
Producer Countries in USD

For analytical purposes, World Bank member economies and all other economies with
populations of more than 30 000 inhabitants have been grouped annually according to
GNI. Economies are classified annually among income groups to gross national income
(GNI) per capita, using the World Bank Atlas method of calculation. The groups are:
L low income, LM lower middle income, UM upper middle income, H high income.

Year 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

see 1987

L - - - ≤ 480 ≤ 545 ≤ 580 ≤ 610 ≤ 635 ≤ 675 ≤ 695

LM - - - ≤ 1 940 ≤ 2 200 ≤ 2 335 ≤ 2 465 ≤ 2 555 ≤ 2 695 ≤ 2 785

UM - - - ≤ 6 000 ≤ 6 000 ≤ 6 000 ≤ 7 620 ≤ 7 910 ≤ 8 355 ≤ 8 625

H - - - > 6 000 > 6 000 > 6 000 >7 620 > 7 910 > 8 355 > 8 625

Year 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

L ≤ 725 ≤ 765 ≤ 785 ≤ 785 ≤ 760 ≤ 755 ≤ 755 ≤ 745 ≤ 735 ≤ 765

LM ≤ 2 895 ≤ 3 035 ≤ 3 115 ≤ 3 125 ≤ 3 030 ≤ 2 995 ≤ 2 995 ≤ 2 975 ≤ 2 935 ≤ 3 035

UM ≤ 8 955 ≤ 9 385 ≤ 9 645 ≤ 9 655 ≤ 9 360 ≤ 9 265 ≤ 9 265 ≤ 9 205 ≤ 9 075 ≤ 9 385

H > 8 955 > 9 385 > 9 645 > 9 655 > 9 360 > 9 265 > 9 265 >9 205 > 9 075 > 9 385

Year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

L ≤ 825 ≤ 875 ≤ 905 ≤ 935 ≤ 975 ≤ 995 ≤ 1 005 ≤ 1 025 ≤ 1 035 ≤ 1 045

LM ≤ 3 255 ≤ 3 465 ≤ 3 595 ≤ 3 705 ≤ 3 855 ≤ 3 945 ≤ 3 975 ≤ 4 035 ≤ 4 085 ≤ 4 125

UM ≤ 10 065 ≤ 10 725 ≤ 11 115 ≤ 11 455 ≤ 11 905 ≤ 12 195 ≤ 12 275 ≤ 12 475 ≤ 12 615 ≤ 12 745

H > 10 065 > 10 725 > 11 115 > 11 455 > 11 905 > 12 195 > 12 275 > 12 475 > 12 615 > 12 745

Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

L ≤ 1 045 ≤ 1 025 ≤ 1 005 ≤ 995 ≤ 1 025 ≤ 1 035 ≤ 1 045 ≤ 1 085 ≤ 1 135 ≤ 1 145

LM ≤ 4 125 ≤ 4 035 ≤ 3 955 ≤ 3 895 ≤ 3 995 ≤ 4 045 ≤ 4 095 ≤ 4 255 ≤ 4 465 ≤ 4 515

UM ≤ 12 735 ≤ 12 475 ≤ 12 235 ≤ 12 055 ≤ 12 375 ≤ 12 535 ≤ 12 695 ≤ 13 205 ≤ 13 845 ≤ 14 005

H > 12 735 > 12 475 > 12 235 > 12 055 > 12 375 > 12 535 > 12 695 > 13 205 > 13 845 > 14 005

24 World Mining Data 2025

From: World Bank Analytical Classification World Development Indicators GNI per capita
in USD: https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-
country-and-lending-groups

4.6 Concentration of Producer Countries

The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) is a commonly accepted and used measure of

market concentration. It is calculated by squaring the market share of each firm
competing in the market and then summing the resulting numbers. Only one firm means
100% market share. In this case the HHI would equal 10 000 (1002), indicating a monopoly.
A market consisting of 4 companies with shares of 50%, 30%, 15% and 5%, results in a HHI
of 502+302+152+52=3 650. The HHI takes into account the relative size and distribution of
the firms in a market and approaches zero when a market consists of a large number of
firms of relatively equal size. The HHI increases both as the number of firms in the market
decreases and as the disparity in size between those firms increases.

In the United States markets, in which the HHI varies between 1 000 and 1 800 points, are
considered to be moderately concentrated, and those in which the HHI is in excess of
1 800 points are considered to be concentrated. In the EU the threshold for concentrated
markets is 2 000.

In chapter 6.5 the concentration of producer countries is calculated by the HHI similarly to
the firms index (see fig. 3). To avoid misunderstandings with the “classical” HHI, the
countries concentration index is named as (mod)HHI(ct).

World Mining Data 2025 25

5 Data Capture
Data collection relating to mineral raw materials has been carried out through evaluation
of questionnaires sent to the National Committees of member countries of the World
Mining Congress as well as to other bodies such as Embassies, Foreign Trade
Representatives etc. Other official mining statistics, where publically available, have also
been used; for example, data gathered by the BGS (World Mineral Production) and the
USGS have proven very useful for cross-checks.
For the present publication the complete data set has been reviewed carefully. Despite a
diligent search of all sources, there are some producing areas where data is unavailable. In
such instances, careful estimates of production figures have been made.
Although data processing has been done automatically, the possibility of human error at
the data entry stage exists. Since the database is being continuously updated the
compilers would be grateful to learn of any corrections and additions that can be made.

Deadline for this report: February 28, 2025

Data received later than February 28, 2025 will be implemented in the next edition of this
report.

Please send any remarks to:

[email protected]
[email protected]

World Mining Data is also available at:

https://www.bmf.gv.at/en/topics/mining/mineral-resources-policy/wmd.html
https://www.world-mining-data.info/

Disclaimer:
World Mining Data is provided as a public service by the Federal Ministry of Finance (BMF). The information
presented does not necessarily reflect the views of the BMF and as such is not an official record.
The BMF makes no guarantee, either express or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, or
reliability of the information.

26 World Mining Data 2025

Charts

Fig. 1: World mining production 1984 - 2023 by groups of minerals

(without construction minerals, in Million metr. t)

Fig. 2: World mining production 1984 - 2023 by continents

(without construction minerals, in Million metr. t)

World Mining Data 2025 27

Fig. 3: Concentration of Producer Countries, Herfindahl-Hirschman Indices in 2023
left figure: HHI < 2 000 right figure: HHI > 2 000
(Country Concentration ◊ low, ◊ moderate) (Country Concentration ◊ high)

Fig. 4: World mining production 1984 - 2023 by groups of minerals: Non-Ferrous Metals by largest producer
countries (in Million metr. t)

28 World Mining Data 2025

Fig. 5: World mining production 1984 - 2023 by development status of the producer countries acc. to UN
(the category "Economies in Transition" is no longer used, without construction minerals, in Million metr. t)

Fig. 6: World mining production 1984 - 2023 by political stability of the producer countries
(without construction minerals, in Million metr. t)
Estimates of political stability of producer countries: Worldwide Governance Indicators, WORLD BANK

World Mining Data 2025 29

Fig. 7: 20 largest producer countries 2023 (without construction minerals, in Million metr. t)

Fig. 8: 20 largest producer countries 2023 (without construction minerals, in Billion USD)

30 World Mining Data 2025

6 World Production of Mineral Raw
Materials

6.1 Total World Production

6.1.1 Total Minerals Production,

by Continents
(not including bauxite)
in metr. t

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

Africa 491 277 838 553 611 145 560 389 452 558 162 223 578 429 601
Asia 3 621 311 795 3 739 473 268 3 967 356 364 4 077 926 753 4 279 286 059
Europe 2 343 687 167 2 434 569 522 2 471 557 140 2 485 274 829 2 472 914 295
Latin America 562 918 109 566 395 211 573 958 486 563 610 024 591 044 007
North America 2 059 724 620 2 071 063 053 2 027 980 977 2 072 705 805 2 141 270 229
Oceania 254 010 287 280 261 932 292 796 449 322 233 565 304 067 006

Total 9 332 929 816 9 645 374 131 9 894 038 868 10 079 913 199 10 367 011 197

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

Africa 611 700 950 629 191 234 645 653 677 631 548 263 641 442 391
Asia 4 535 660 970 4 575 870 072 4 532 820 491 4 552 094 570 4 617 161 822
Europe 2 424 486 765 2 260 313 985 2 123 060 349 1 988 491 302 1 874 985 573
Latin America 613 513 369 646 514 806 663 144 692 670 905 309 686 940 025
North America 2 164 117 026 2 203 364 391 2 184 274 275 2 181 844 083 2 143 538 949
Oceania 332 116 920 347 898 842 362 385 522 374 707 983 386 115 067

Total 10 681 596 000 10 663 153 330 10 511 339 006 10 399 591 510 10 350 183 827

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Africa 652 593 419 686 972 850 680 883 877 713 277 901 720 075 978
Asia 4 593 040 086 4 820 268 566 4 880 406 639 4 969 566 025 4 967 282 473
Europe 1 826 668 411 1 833 548 690 1 832 372 740 1 827 942 589 1 747 147 595
Latin America 720 466 025 746 479 446 777 575 760 814 134 583 887 199 743
North America 2 262 153 843 2 273 227 243 2 316 670 697 2 351 638 894 2 356 329 541
Oceania 392 630 850 415 408 333 429 772 081 462 884 590 477 138 947

Total 10 447 552 634 10 775 905 128 10 917 681 794 11 139 444 582 11 155 174 277

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 31

 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Africa 732 165 377 765 733 161 773 456 477 781 715 961 833 951 331
Asia 4 929 839 618 5 051 164 647 5 170 060 483 5 355 827 787 5 970 984 174
Europe 1 721 201 321 1 755 973 081 1 753 407 523 1 777 355 518 1 778 623 013
Latin America 879 241 004 908 631 865 916 258 957 922 162 854 955 349 598
North America 2 327 927 155 2 324 941 284 2 357 596 851 2 322 570 961 2 283 577 245
Oceania 484 477 447 515 493 083 542 815 415 560 044 299 573 950 955

Total 11 074 851 922 11 321 937 121 11 513 595 706 11 719 677 380 12 396 436 316

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Africa 890 333 467 944 557 106 957 844 493 975 719 824 996 725 521
Asia 6 538 129 535 7 067 753 045 7 554 057 409 7 955 801 973 8 290 257 889
Europe 1 788 545 139 1 749 879 233 1 728 775 009 1 717 633 543 1 700 370 530
Latin America 1 033 685 411 1 068 298 139 1 105 968 273 1 131 869 785 1 122 218 524
North America 2 355 162 356 2 343 744 813 2 381 080 452 2 371 567 898 2 403 886 981
Oceania 597 642 134 629 117 525 643 031 154 673 978 453 708 088 184

Total 13 203 498 042 13 803 349 861 14 370 756 790 14 826 571 476 15 221 547 629

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Africa 963 712 118 1 009 671 531 929 025 242 993 631 415 964 096 118
Asia 8 324 850 637 8 922 128 223 9 530 841 778 9 735 700 418 9 857 873 162
Europe 1 606 084 844 1 621 761 725 1 638 536 469 1 618 154 598 1 574 067 804
Latin America 1 065 802 292 1 128 449 576 1 168 479 625 1 181 829 248 1 168 415 827
North America 2 295 422 815 2 355 466 902 2 432 757 654 2 440 184 070 2 494 642 392
Oceania 728 764 460 800 407 137 816 981 766 865 331 454 960 310 824

Total 14 984 637 166 15 837 885 094 16 516 622 534 16 834 831 203 17 019 406 127

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Africa 947 213 151 939 891 370 917 432 452 969 336 698 992 897 383
Asia 9 797 198 304 9 815 140 126 9 682 393 090 9 944 184 048 10 329 632 573
Europe 1 509 068 627 1 487 101 353 1 449 109 173 1 458 417 631 1 417 052 621
Latin America 1 201 403 782 1 194 436 784 1 169 355 709 1 156 520 392 1 109 116 682
North America 2 644 338 540 2 632 174 028 2 444 166 326 2 576 221 052 2 767 426 206
Oceania 1 067 583 509 1 137 741 802 1 167 409 169 1 195 600 041 1 220 905 515

Total 17 166 805 913 17 206 485 463 16 829 865 919 17 300 279 862 17 837 030 980

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Africa 998 225 008 896 932 075 933 575 006 913 973 194 927 854 915
Asia 10 592 967 438 10 301 138 016 10 804 463 897 11 626 738 606 11 957 750 246
Europe 1 276 824 789 1 173 033 151 1 205 032 691 1 140 094 284 1 043 822 213
Latin America 1 039 472 806 960 463 344 995 298 567 1 018 855 456 1 074 998 363
North America 2 867 314 270 2 662 642 924 2 742 105 848 2 865 150 127 2 968 847 331
Oceania 1 259 676 719 1 248 487 220 1 219 826 533 1 236 000 473 1 217 308 089

Total 18 034 481 030 17 242 696 730 17 900 302 542 18 800 812 140 19 190 581 157

32 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

6.1.2 Total Minerals Production,
by World Regions (according to UN)
(not including bauxite)
in metr. t

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

CAS 1 425 951 201 1 465 146 089 1 529 058 451 1 571 936 094 1 567 124 411
EAS 1 130 261 296 1 196 520 938 1 235 999 086 1 275 548 669 1 339 131 395
EEU 1 139 658 345 1 146 843 468 1 178 719 625 1 197 272 409 1 202 073 152
LAM 562 888 109 566 363 466 573 922 198 563 573 736 591 007 707
NAF 174 049 767 217 905 160 215 653 776 216 323 715 220 463 124
NAM 2 059 754 620 2 071 094 798 2 028 017 265 2 072 742 093 2 141 306 529
NEU 304 823 007 358 860 210 378 379 831 382 901 520 379 317 311
OCE 254 010 287 280 261 932 292 796 449 322 233 565 304 067 006
SAS 369 423 508 391 174 010 392 869 775 426 154 765 448 998 469
SEAS 168 341 615 175 807 959 185 516 677 188 689 202 199 171 336
SEU 190 759 183 199 583 419 204 204 370 210 339 811 215 226 005
SSA 317 228 071 335 705 985 344 735 676 341 838 508 357 966 477
WAS 527 415 081 510 901 039 624 043 328 615 783 962 725 051 541
WEU 708 365 726 729 205 658 710 122 361 694 575 150 676 106 734

Total 9 332 929 816 9 645 374 131 9 894 038 868 10 079 913 199 10 367 011 197

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

CAS 1 594 037 166 1 552 780 216 1 453 649 254 1 288 539 011 1 241 991 491
EAS 1 425 420 016 1 451 647 427 1 468 862 046 1 502 315 242 1 548 154 722
EEU 1 158 430 645 1 060 975 211 996 103 069 901 430 613 814 951 425
LAM 613 477 069 646 478 806 663 108 692 670 868 309 686 903 025
NAF 230 573 878 250 061 489 260 688 687 249 164 947 247 976 735
NAM 2 164 153 326 2 203 400 391 2 184 310 275 2 181 881 083 2 143 575 949
NEU 372 456 720 372 574 849 389 135 278 414 361 673 421 149 782
OCE 332 116 920 347 898 842 362 385 522 374 707 983 386 115 067
SAS 496 499 726 534 076 863 566 699 894 576 912 531 608 838 579
SEAS 216 767 455 232 104 503 257 983 835 271 497 695 285 594 407
SEU 225 896 059 223 205 000 220 279 006 199 216 955 195 452 023
SSA 381 127 072 379 129 745 384 964 990 382 383 316 393 465 656
WAS 803 033 372 805 355 141 785 702 417 912 915 404 932 674 159
WEU 667 606 576 603 464 847 517 466 041 473 396 748 443 340 807

Total 10 681 596 000 10 663 153 330 10 511 339 006 10 399 591 510 10 350 183 827

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 33

 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

CAS 1 098 234 023 1 119 074 901 1 058 029 574 1 079 155 810 1 074 429 377
EAS 1 628 138 848 1 757 882 677 1 826 057 605 1 781 667 918 1 729 349 102
EEU 763 566 706 760 377 672 732 464 971 743 240 957 686 214 649
LAM 720 428 525 746 441 946 777 538 760 814 098 083 887 163 743
NAF 251 073 843 262 416 382 248 183 472 257 594 302 257 192 208
NAM 2 262 191 343 2 273 264 743 2 316 707 697 2 351 675 394 2 356 365 541
NEU 446 837 992 467 256 723 499 834 142 506 049 658 499 348 379
OCE 392 630 850 415 408 333 429 772 081 462 884 590 477 138 947
SAS 633 987 134 657 447 368 678 681 064 721 242 838 718 693 133
SEAS 292 898 616 325 440 665 348 750 632 361 363 482 360 412 902
SEU 197 827 391 194 994 211 193 776 521 195 322 128 202 616 867
SSA 401 519 576 424 556 468 432 700 405 455 683 599 462 883 770
WAS 939 917 455 960 622 464 969 049 652 1 026 474 827 1 084 922 959
WEU 418 300 332 410 720 575 406 135 218 382 990 996 358 442 700

Total 10 447 552 634 10 775 905 128 10 917 681 794 11 139 444 582 11 155 174 277

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

CAS 1 071 158 516 1 108 283 957 1 129 574 226 1 177 886 454 1 230 300 332
EAS 1 663 095 619 1 655 600 116 1 708 011 241 1 850 331 242 2 238 353 468
EEU 655 576 843 679 491 433 683 374 763 691 015 870 712 347 640
LAM 879 205 004 908 631 865 916 258 957 922 162 854 955 349 598
NAF 274 893 639 291 278 229 292 003 404 295 825 223 323 298 425
NAM 2 327 963 155 2 324 941 284 2 357 596 851 2 322 570 961 2 283 577 245
NEU 511 101 032 520 637 373 513 323 772 517 387 757 510 653 399
OCE 484 477 447 515 493 083 542 815 415 560 044 299 573 950 955
SAS 732 545 513 765 438 724 787 223 631 817 188 915 892 215 803
SEAS 377 113 262 377 104 718 397 866 605 414 935 396 444 204 441
SEU 201 464 183 210 113 412 212 626 786 219 074 476 209 597 150
SSA 457 271 738 474 454 932 481 453 073 485 890 738 510 652 906
WAS 1 086 253 340 1 145 006 732 1 147 649 740 1 095 799 475 1 166 248 541
WEU 352 732 631 345 461 263 343 817 242 349 563 720 345 686 413

Total 11 074 851 922 11 321 937 121 11 513 595 706 11 719 677 380 12 396 436 316

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

CAS 1 285 633 131 1 347 979 607 1 408 071 538 1 470 982 490 1 485 693 100
EAS 2 539 536 471 2 853 646 569 3 125 948 592 3 359 815 480 3 542 374 809
EEU 725 012 411 729 032 462 745 300 458 751 791 020 738 742 001
LAM 1 033 685 411 1 068 298 139 1 105 968 273 1 131 869 785 1 122 218 524
NAF 339 847 316 362 782 695 377 028 093 382 239 724 387 374 745
NAM 2 355 162 356 2 343 744 813 2 381 080 452 2 371 567 898 2 403 886 981
NEU 495 642 702 465 824 793 439 447 504 424 032 926 419 952 118
OCE 597 642 134 629 117 525 643 031 154 673 978 453 708 088 184
SAS 953 587 103 1 007 554 548 1 066 251 967 1 131 204 460 1 185 139 131
SEAS 492 731 179 529 611 096 591 312 077 612 391 011 616 303 293
SEU 210 408 855 209 632 271 203 647 639 202 856 359 209 525 929
SSA 550 486 151 581 774 411 580 816 400 593 480 100 609 350 776
WAS 1 267 053 702 1 329 343 591 1 362 888 755 1 381 896 199 1 461 188 515
WEU 357 069 120 345 007 341 339 963 888 338 465 571 331 709 523

Total 13 203 498 042 13 803 349 861 14 370 756 790 14 826 571 476 15 221 547 629

34 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

CAS 1 396 063 206 1 496 878 480 1 554 084 565 1 577 583 770 1 571 114 590
EAS 3 637 045 869 3 951 785 011 4 300 456 508 4 371 754 275 4 465 436 844
EEU 698 786 895 720 294 475 760 299 659 756 428 755 737 080 641
LAM 1 065 802 292 1 128 449 576 1 168 479 625 1 181 829 248 1 168 415 827
NAF 367 604 086 371 797 046 297 612 352 338 676 664 307 211 628
NAM 2 295 422 815 2 355 466 902 2 432 757 654 2 440 184 070 2 494 642 392
NEU 394 306 476 387 776 694 355 946 982 345 378 193 328 689 277
OCE 728 764 460 800 407 137 816 981 766 865 331 454 960 310 824
SAS 1 250 192 616 1 269 378 684 1 264 363 251 1 240 375 348 1 242 417 669
SEAS 669 148 945 725 237 317 808 541 996 871 646 181 898 891 900
SEU 195 725 875 186 935 244 195 973 876 189 028 522 181 607 475
SSA 596 108 032 637 874 485 631 412 890 654 954 751 656 884 490
WAS 1 372 772 733 1 479 254 431 1 603 894 743 1 674 833 152 1 680 488 906
WEU 316 892 866 326 349 612 325 816 667 326 826 820 326 213 664

Total 14 984 637 166 15 837 885 094 16 516 622 534 16 834 831 203 17 019 406 127

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

CAS 1 565 280 166 1 569 144 263 1 566 580 746 1 674 846 246 1 775 801 136
EAS 4 369 249 135 4 285 061 236 3 963 437 881 4 078 702 649 4 196 876 980
EEU 708 510 862 695 012 839 685 330 539 684 842 850 661 371 658
LAM 1 201 403 782 1 194 436 784 1 169 355 709 1 156 520 392 1 109 116 682
NAF 277 857 418 267 208 739 275 191 825 305 996 390 327 844 396
NAM 2 644 338 540 2 632 174 028 2 444 166 326 2 576 221 052 2 767 426 206
NEU 326 758 293 335 847 482 333 737 571 340 548 366 335 705 127
OCE 1 067 583 509 1 137 741 802 1 167 409 169 1 195 600 041 1 220 905 515
SAS 1 292 311 514 1 348 802 944 1 445 501 605 1 498 376 476 1 568 478 874
SEAS 887 945 476 850 296 057 871 995 075 902 123 306 951 784 948
SEU 166 839 908 164 741 806 150 407 772 157 984 759 155 277 456
SSA 669 355 733 672 682 631 642 240 627 663 340 308 665 052 987
WAS 1 682 902 875 1 762 436 668 1 835 678 745 1 790 879 365 1 837 416 064
WEU 306 468 702 290 898 184 278 832 329 274 297 662 263 972 951

Total 17 166 805 913 17 206 485 463 16 829 865 919 17 300 279 862 17 837 030 980

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

CAS 1 839 396 042 1 709 551 559 1 812 212 488 1 779 808 069 1 727 556 306
EAS 4 364 267 200 4 419 234 605 4 657 266 221 5 114 405 126 5 321 106 281
EEU 596 158 161 541 594 270 563 444 528 497 571 689 463 332 355
LAM 1 039 472 806 960 463 344 995 298 567 1 018 855 456 1 074 998 363
NAF 332 735 126 270 382 684 329 462 960 318 103 140 321 422 886
NAM 2 867 314 270 2 662 642 924 2 742 105 848 2 865 150 127 2 968 847 331
NEU 316 392 094 316 754 531 307 250 088 310 559 530 302 647 205
OCE 1 259 676 719 1 248 487 220 1 219 826 533 1 236 000 473 1 217 308 089
SAS 1 536 962 532 1 479 945 616 1 611 942 528 1 759 213 046 1 917 551 703
SEAS 1 006 495 899 949 495 762 953 820 278 1 067 197 060 1 153 541 252
SEU 144 024 573 130 171 204 126 836 900 128 028 406 115 338 538
SSA 665 489 882 626 549 391 604 112 046 595 870 054 606 432 029
WAS 1 846 553 126 1 743 649 459 1 769 965 212 1 906 890 137 1 838 788 055
WEU 219 542 600 183 774 161 206 758 345 203 159 827 161 710 764

Total 18 034 481 030 17 242 696 730 17 900 302 542 18 800 812 140 19 190 581 157

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 35

6.1.3 Total Minerals Production,
by Development Status of Producer Countries
(not including bauxite)
in metr. t

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

Developed C. 3 149 213 568 3 248 042 606 3 221 526 218 3 287 603 881 3 317 831 500
Transition C. 0 0 0 0 0
Developing C. 6 159 602 914 6 375 829 605 6 639 234 821 6 755 555 590 7 002 264 892
Least Developed C. 24 113 334 21 501 920 33 277 829 36 753 728 46 914 805

Total 9 332 929 816 9 645 374 131 9 894 038 868 10 079 913 199 10 367 011 197

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

Developed C. 3 372 372 850 3 415 864 741 3 605 216 660 3 578 620 438 3 525 046 456
Transition C. 0 0 7 001 748 2 288 481 585 2 149 919 544
Developing C. 7 255 130 175 7 190 516 931 6 845 319 296 4 478 000 553 4 619 740 025
Least Developed C. 54 092 975 56 771 658 53 801 302 54 488 934 55 477 802

Total 10 681 596 000 10 663 153 330 10 511 339 006 10 399 591 510 10 350 183 827

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Developed C. 3 658 030 769 3 701 646 668 3 867 182 258 3 911 530 283 3 901 447 762
Transition C. 1 950 488 339 1 969 336 772 1 798 379 745 1 836 494 053 1 781 242 793
Developing C. 4 775 365 117 5 031 257 725 5 175 105 513 5 312 027 496 5 389 931 117
Least Developed C. 63 668 409 73 663 963 77 014 278 79 392 750 82 552 605

Total 10 447 552 634 10 775 905 128 10 917 681 794 11 139 444 582 11 155 174 277

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Developed C. 3 880 033 363 3 917 626 648 3 974 382 743 3 961 772 614 3 918 787 749
Transition C. 1 755 536 975 1 818 133 949 1 842 028 326 1 905 811 340 1 934 426 788
Developing C. 5 343 956 118 5 486 077 228 5 587 000 473 5 730 320 141 6 418 526 073
Least Developed C. 95 325 466 100 099 296 110 184 164 121 773 285 124 695 706

Total 11 074 851 922 11 321 937 121 11 513 595 706 11 719 677 380 12 396 436 316

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Developed C. 4 213 973 929 4 188 952 460 4 197 413 923 4 289 657 104 4 336 703 204
Transition C. 1 802 300 074 1 881 120 158 2 015 916 499 2 009 852 899 2 033 740 153
Developing C. 7 039 196 306 7 560 589 275 7 980 373 944 8 332 453 370 8 645 694 683
Least Developed C. 148 027 733 172 687 968 177 052 424 194 608 103 205 409 589

Total 13 203 498 042 13 803 349 861 14 370 756 790 14 826 571 476 15 221 547 629

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Developed C. 4 174 761 431 4 298 687 585 4 344 208 957 4 422 770 412 4 531 981 969
Transition C. 1 928 652 281 2 054 455 717 2 130 703 579 2 149 422 327 2 142 229 971
Developing C. 8 679 504 573 9 274 846 830 9 844 951 302 10 065 710 187 10 130 697 194
Least Developed C. 201 718 881 209 894 962 196 758 696 196 928 277 214 496 993

Total 14 984 637 166 15 837 885 094 16 516 622 534 16 834 831 203 17 019 406 127

36 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Developed C. 4 754 581 114 4 796 625 221 4 596 042 130 4 767 345 020 4 957 815 536
Transition C. 2 103 612 208 2 099 026 853 2 101 199 720 2 205 505 068 2 293 130 636
Developing C. 10 089 286 803 10 099 461 863 9 916 174 463 10 105 064 213 10 381 258 760
Least Developed C. 219 325 788 211 371 526 216 449 606 222 365 561 204 826 048

Total 17 166 805 913 17 206 485 463 16 829 865 919 17 300 279 862 17 837 030 980

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Developed C. 5 000 558 692 4 698 972 273 4 787 211 982 6 663 663 577 6 602 540 980
Transition C. 2 314 219 883 2 168 251 459 2 278 541 291 0 0
Developing C. 10 519 465 364 10 187 988 229 10 650 991 204 11 942 626 019 12 381 892 215
Least Developed C. 200 237 091 187 484 769 183 558 065 194 522 544 206 147 962

Total 18 034 481 030 17 242 696 730 17 900 302 542 18 800 812 140 19 190 581 157

6.1.4 Total Minerals Production,

by Country Groups and Economic Blocks
(not including bauxite)
in metr. t

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

ACP 140 716 271 151 949 530 154 004 089 152 731 687 160 849 315
ASEAN 160 417 272 167 109 416 176 498 545 179 491 698 189 624 040
BRICS 0 0 0 0 0
EC 667 433 246 724 285 498 778 526 057 765 918 701 741 105 727
EFTA 86 501 629 90 794 412 94 085 678 101 824 013 108 301 907
G7 2 631 523 836 2 690 779 307 2 651 279 886 2 678 929 345 2 727 616 585
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 3 186 091 963 3 293 324 653 3 275 412 465 3 341 472 804 3 364 611 874
SADC 17 935 614 18 448 131 22 266 329 27 368 846 32 221 336

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

ACP 183 831 380 183 003 894 189 058 026 196 916 158 195 773 537
ASEAN 207 122 705 222 096 617 246 758 858 258 532 954 271 523 978
BRICS 0 0 0 0 0
EC 726 811 162 713 212 294 899 802 813 848 963 697 820 492 751
EFTA 127 328 938 131 079 908 138 682 527 155 402 174 161 077 230
G7 2 719 956 270 2 746 702 086 2 906 700 415 2 852 393 720 2 782 019 540
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 3 433 609 010 3 474 450 475 3 665 834 154 3 645 967 109 3 584 901 605
SADC 32 532 417 34 481 813 34 374 885 36 256 605 33 922 716

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 37

 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

ACP 193 517 244 202 500 957 212 517 124 218 599 890 480 286 475
ASEAN 278 632 414 323 124 810 346 336 893 361 326 482 360 371 902
BRICS 0 0 0 0 0
EC 810 422 706 830 631 556 835 014 310 810 193 130 793 392 866
EFTA 178 119 640 167 198 965 191 230 993 196 755 754 190 974 345
G7 2 890 864 001 2 905 879 615 2 944 282 748 2 959 745 223 4 026 600 474
MERCOSUR 0 237 744 912 241 754 188 258 158 580 276 046 988
NAFTA/USMCA 2 471 519 210 2 479 037 674 2 539 711 961 2 580 709 852 2 593 191 794
OECD 3 934 697 616 4 054 480 852 4 401 741 949 4 453 322 458 4 435 701 420
SADC 257 535 416 277 796 119 281 762 373 299 455 912 304 739 026

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

ACP 481 367 798 506 054 757 513 198 714 523 640 619 556 103 671
ASEAN 377 113 262 377 104 718 397 866 605 414 935 396 444 204 441
BRICS 0 0 3 451 167 909 3 694 041 059 4 178 820 953
EC 795 356 622 786 159 755 774 671 132 782 355 532 759 900 398
EFTA 194 749 270 206 691 249 212 922 426 218 397 044 221 357 270
G7 3 990 479 133 3 987 937 488 4 006 251 222 4 016 333 569 4 010 573 889
MERCOSUR 282 748 724 305 879 670 301 536 799 318 735 895 332 243 088
NAFTA/USMCA 2 559 448 246 2 558 431 251 2 593 370 345 2 558 828 271 2 532 086 511
OECD 4 401 668 065 4 433 484 070 4 488 644 900 4 465 626 674 4 436 022 529
SADC 305 753 050 305 765 038 307 466 314 319 218 257 328 807 074

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

ACP 599 412 463 632 512 679 648 443 044 665 369 079 679 617 730
ASEAN 492 731 179 529 611 096 591 312 077 612 391 011 616 303 293
BRICS 4 612 848 255 5 045 888 677 5 436 683 402 5 810 738 805 6 019 544 331
EC 1 041 340 682 1 002 525 360 966 282 239 1 030 585 249 1 006 918 511
EFTA 223 187 755 214 901 567 208 170 789 200 006 268 203 721 928
G7 4 127 325 296 4 146 823 017 4 216 918 915 4 265 534 274 4 266 652 349
MERCOSUR 361 091 110 384 188 065 628 913 827 652 236 026 646 652 940
NAFTA/USMCA 2 607 837 537 2 598 634 254 2 633 342 309 2 620 247 444 2 636 651 391
OECD 4 532 312 682 4 522 752 028 4 538 826 689 4 538 724 036 4 574 159 324
SADC 341 465 580 365 950 912 367 087 253 384 621 611 403 968 407

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

ACP 667 058 646 710 030 437 693 766 050 705 597 234 709 033 373
ASEAN 669 148 945 725 237 317 808 541 996 871 646 181 898 891 900
BRICS 6 076 129 645 6 536 173 481 6 925 035 098 7 329 924 164 7 422 619 423
EC 937 470 944 935 868 078 939 097 365 917 656 968 883 171 009
EFTA 200 145 508 193 287 487 182 613 943 187 123 786 179 012 688
G7 4 063 970 879 4 211 410 300 4 313 813 143 4 320 057 786 4 356 280 721
MERCOSUR 594 891 174 640 389 557 653 339 655 655 377 112 635 772 996
NAFTA/USMCA 2 519 249 757 2 581 823 945 2 659 873 455 2 670 956 435 2 724 177 683
OECD 4 399 938 448 4 587 682 820 4 665 761 516 4 717 365 395 4 836 742 004
SADC 397 770 207 412 907 945 405 408 384 424 111 445 430 067 458

38 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

ACP 721 555 773 723 949 503 689 154 797 710 130 194 711 739 544
ASEAN 887 945 476 850 296 057 871 995 075 902 123 306 951 784 948
BRICS 7 385 435 178 7 377 055 081 7 096 042 302 7 368 134 934 7 614 762 336
EC 848 801 698 826 252 613 781 177 370 788 290 149 768 562 500
EFTA 180 353 090 189 222 630 190 505 921 194 069 327 186 791 401
G7 3 003 309 722 2 986 554 485 2 784 134 409 2 912 863 036 3 102 589 820
MERCOSUR 663 919 488 686 405 815 678 372 999 685 158 383 643 398 990
NAFTA/USMCA 2 866 513 064 2 831 485 728 2 638 033 228 2 753 020 752 2 939 852 203
OECD 5 047 487 047 5 058 031 481 4 867 156 139 5 018 049 801 5 226 678 416
SADC 441 997 410 435 491 881 424 063 200 441 151 731 438 549 366

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

ACP 712 837 301 672 525 626 647 751 727 650 558 800 665 519 612
ASEAN 1 006 495 899 949 495 762 953 820 278 1 067 197 060 1 153 541 252
BRICS 7 780 650 951 7 642 639 275 8 091 442 960 8 608 260 163 8 890 924 929
EC 684 338 224 584 078 805 534 637 011 542 868 970 448 985 969
EFTA 176 148 407 187 290 442 191 884 181 193 976 628 194 051 464
G7 3 161 481 434 2 922 679 681 3 012 489 064 3 137 192 978 3 196 127 726
MERCOSUR 587 532 125 554 927 897 584 123 068 591 030 426 636 852 501
NAFTA/USMCA 3 025 920 264 2 820 220 179 2 898 404 817 3 021 683 704 3 129 146 423
OECD 5 256 055 531 5 074 133 335 5 166 929 163 5 329 912 916 5 316 436 328
SADC 428 439 560 399 029 290 394 719 728 394 804 987 402 215 464

6.1.5 Total Minerals Production,

by Political Stability of Producer Countries
(not including bauxite)
in metr. t

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Stable 93 988 822 86 660 123 104 515 654 101 407 295 386 194 631
Fair 4 742 799 162 4 761 233 104 4 860 047 942 4 849 751 962 5 358 541 544
Unstable 5 313 386 963 5 474 066 157 5 518 639 931 5 381 947 067 4 795 681 500
Extreme Unstable 767 506 847 817 485 198 671 970 750 741 745 598 781 519 446

Total 10 917 681 794 11 139 444 582 11 155 174 277 11 074 851 922 11 321 937 121

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Stable 355 190 957 349 875 134 19 963 414 49 270 953 244 902 434
Fair 5 297 186 974 4 945 559 276 5 964 849 270 5 213 389 979 5 135 760 264
Unstable 5 042 971 666 5 419 199 116 4 873 746 055 4 978 182 501 6 330 954 094
Extreme Unstable 818 246 109 1 005 043 854 1 537 877 577 2 962 654 609 2 091 733 069

Total 11 513 595 706 11 719 677 380 12 396 436 316 13 203 498 042 13 803 349 861

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 39

 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Stable 237 915 847 25 179 583 209 989 308 218 606 014 212 765 789
Fair 5 421 174 894 5 878 354 400 5 739 075 887 5 239 842 998 5 628 145 045
Unstable 7 846 146 953 8 385 166 759 8 437 378 169 7 563 891 179 7 837 369 709
Extreme Unstable 865 519 096 537 870 734 835 104 265 1 962 296 975 2 159 604 551

Total 14 370 756 790 14 826 571 476 15 221 547 629 14 984 637 166 15 837 885 094

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Stable 195 904 880 205 993 312 198 571 422 36 777 495 484 595 097
Fair 5 500 444 945 5 576 397 157 5 398 285 361 5 987 507 148 5 210 995 309
Unstable 8 777 781 618 9 002 037 118 10 619 706 764 10 524 425 998 10 778 500 794
Extreme Unstable 2 042 491 091 2 050 403 616 802 842 580 618 095 272 732 394 263

Total 16 516 622 534 16 834 831 203 17 019 406 127 17 166 805 913 17 206 485 463

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Stable 487 963 172 12 593 796 11 969 925 11 737 733 10 796 290
Fair 5 233 670 324 5 902 536 510 6 047 218 302 6 029 312 320 5 586 738 688
Unstable 10 314 462 718 10 422 676 296 10 434 593 125 10 698 940 575 10 685 992 049
Extreme Unstable 793 769 705 962 473 260 1 343 249 628 1 294 490 402 959 169 703

Total 16 829 865 919 17 300 279 862 17 837 030 980 18 034 481 030 17 242 696 730

2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

Stable 10 183 891 9 000 198 21 044 366

Fair 5 727 493 468 5 897 770 195 5 884 946 185
Unstable 11 144 568 456 11 787 999 584 12 178 765 653
Extreme Unstable 1 018 056 727 1 106 042 163 1 105 824 953

Total 17 900 302 542 18 800 812 140 19 190 581 157

6.1.6 Total Minerals Production,

by Groups of Commodities
(not including bauxite)
in metr. t

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

Iron and Ferro-Alloys 463 653 286 510 052 413 514 514 946 527 743 082 545 104 841
Non-Ferrous Metals 35 084 585 35 280 131 35 134 266 36 715 179 37 771 629
Precious Metals 14 609 15 039 14 972 15 754 16 744
Industrial Minerals 460 034 310 468 017 624 478 274 132 493 253 351 505 107 009
Mineral Fuels 8 374 143 026 8 632 008 924 8 866 100 552 9 022 185 833 9 279 010 974

Total 9 332 929 816 9 645 374 131 9 894 038 868 10 079 913 199 10 367 011 197

40 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

Iron and Ferro-Alloys 563 035 654 553 138 430 554 426 795 518 351 544 527 354 970
Non-Ferrous Metals 39 457 040 39 158 801 39 133 368 39 714 334 39 121 393
Precious Metals 17 189 17 418 17 000 17 352 16 581
Industrial Minerals 508 179 916 495 266 552 473 973 296 466 022 788 453 542 362
Mineral Fuels 9 570 906 201 9 575 572 129 9 443 788 547 9 375 485 492 9 330 148 521

Total 10 681 596 000 10 663 153 330 10 511 339 006 10 399 591 510 10 350 183 827

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Iron and Ferro-Alloys 546 473 894 577 003 628 564 412 774 590 662 477 593 354 759
Non-Ferrous Metals 38 758 449 40 425 344 42 593 880 44 044 133 45 872 155
Precious Metals 15 937 16 863 17 370 18 567 19 575
Industrial Minerals 476 448 258 493 200 047 501 553 390 518 080 782 504 542 436
Mineral Fuels 9 385 856 096 9 665 259 246 9 809 104 380 9 986 638 623 10 011 385 352

Total 10 447 552 634 10 775 905 128 10 917 681 794 11 139 444 582 11 155 174 277

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Iron and Ferro-Alloys 582 302 931 627 277 484 596 561 401 642 377 488 692 928 163
Non-Ferrous Metals 47 973 981 49 999 012 50 557 341 51 770 272 54 904 665
Precious Metals 19 871 21 041 21 628 21 769 21 737
Industrial Minerals 532 629 932 539 434 881 537 057 554 542 008 604 589 890 476
Mineral Fuels 9 911 925 207 10 105 204 703 10 329 397 782 10 483 499 247 11 058 691 275

Total 11 074 851 922 11 321 937 121 11 513 595 706 11 719 677 380 12 396 436 316

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Iron and Ferro-Alloys 787 207 372 858 612 467 962 486 244 1 062 444 383 1 118 889 629
Non-Ferrous Metals 57 518 485 60 526 878 63 650 568 68 904 072 71 643 411
Precious Metals 22 637 23 216 22 932 23 447 24 044
Industrial Minerals 633 680 934 656 649 518 679 234 001 693 087 370 700 324 866
Mineral Fuels 11 725 068 614 12 227 537 782 12 665 363 045 13 002 112 204 13 330 665 679

Total 13 203 498 042 13 803 349 861 14 370 756 790 14 826 571 476 15 221 547 629

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Iron and Ferro-Alloys 1 101 178 811 1 222 460 413 1 307 546 257 1 319 742 852 1 401 138 299
Non-Ferrous Metals 68 786 771 74 867 975 78 343 726 85 347 468 90 029 211
Precious Metals 25 518 26 726 26 912 28 178 29 501
Industrial Minerals 673 767 824 712 418 353 738 239 352 750 212 432 777 453 605
Mineral Fuels 13 140 878 242 13 828 111 627 14 392 466 287 14 679 500 273 14 750 755 511

Total 14 984 637 166 15 837 885 094 16 516 622 534 16 834 831 203 17 019 406 127

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Iron and Ferro-Alloys 1 490 475 340 1 494 383 822 1 502 497 657 1 553 694 406 1 505 542 933
Non-Ferrous Metals 92 242 734 96 175 032 96 885 520 98 007 280 102 931 171
Precious Metals 30 646 31 820 31 842 30 684 31 478
Industrial Minerals 782 270 396 787 862 881 831 711 370 842 700 170 867 696 919
Mineral Fuels 14 801 786 797 14 828 031 908 14 398 739 530 14 805 847 322 15 360 828 479

Total 17 166 805 913 17 206 485 463 16 829 865 919 17 300 279 862 17 837 030 980

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 41

 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Iron and Ferro-Alloys 1 546 792 749 1 516 732 422 1 582 387 890 1 560 914 263 1 610 254 408
Non-Ferrous Metals 102 678 132 104 791 254 107 352 305 109 388 158 111 736 977
Precious Metals 31 882 30 087 30 301 30 321 30 325
Industrial Minerals 847 765 277 815 674 086 844 418 295 857 699 858 844 281 165
Mineral Fuels 15 537 212 990 14 805 468 881 15 366 113 751 16 272 779 540 16 624 278 282

Total 18 034 481 030 17 242 696 730 17 900 302 542 18 800 812 140 19 190 581 157

6.1.7 Mineral Fuels

6.1.7.1 Total Production in metr. t

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

Steam Coal 2 533 847 298 2 657 655 703 2 736 201 444 2 807 598 921 2 875 175 476
Coking Coal 576 335 300 581 727 250 588 503 000 591 240 000 623 772 000
Lignite 1 116 926 583 1 169 139 745 1 198 670 590 1 221 212 296 1 189 135 195
Petroleum Total 2 769 993 046 2 793 543 482 2 886 611 912 2 882 336 628 3 006 733 425
Petroleum Oil Sands 8 347 400 10 814 300 13 852 000 14 766 100 16 470 800
Natural Gas 1 344 622 400 1 397 570 400 1 424 738 400 1 489 236 000 1 555 657 600
Oil Shales 32 357 240 32 310 047 31 310 014 30 492 137 28 466 360
Uranium 61 159 62 297 65 192 69 851 70 918

Total 8 374 143 026 8 632 008 924 8 866 100 552 9 022 185 833 9 279 010 974

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

Steam Coal 2 946 751 117 2 966 282 356 2 930 112 414 2 950 616 811 2 882 685 358
Coking Coal 623 715 700 637 815 000 600 629 000 526 685 580 511 572 000
Lignite 1 257 275 539 1 165 582 805 1 080 729 202 1 014 076 878 957 904 090
Petroleum Total 3 104 331 760 3 149 671 237 3 147 685 027 3 196 071 169 3 218 379 949
Petroleum Oil Sands 17 980 000 18 510 800 18 777 200 19 617 900 20 237 800
Natural Gas 1 610 295 200 1 629 505 600 1 658 865 600 1 663 157 600 1 733 213 600
Oil Shales 28 468 938 26 655 905 25 718 314 24 835 014 26 355 156
Uranium 67 947 59 226 48 990 42 440 38 368

Total 9 570 906 201 9 575 572 129 9 443 788 547 9 375 485 492 9 330 148 521

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Steam Coal 3 011 660 645 3 147 120 817 3 256 100 430 3 273 956 374 3 225 017 149
Coking Coal 522 679 000 551 083 000 520 918 000 529 874 000 495 575 000
Lignite 920 213 062 904 348 282 882 773 312 883 849 311 861 735 746
Petroleum Total 3 189 910 583 3 251 473 414 3 274 753 153 3 406 937 738 3 509 675 999
Petroleum Oil Sands 21 344 000 23 031 100 23 962 800 28 400 500 31 770 100
Natural Gas 1 719 076 800 1 794 533 600 1 857 552 800 1 874 728 000 1 904 060 000
Oil Shales 22 278 784 16 659 899 16 965 358 17 251 305 15 281 589
Uranium 37 222 40 234 41 327 41 895 39 869

Total 9 385 856 096 9 665 259 246 9 809 104 380 9 986 638 623 10 011 385 352

42 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Steam Coal 3 163 284 905 3 169 221 186 3 335 095 533 3 440 490 303 3 791 073 723
Coking Coal 480 835 000 475 326 000 475 450 000 478 070 000 527 816 120
Lignite 848 370 347 862 776 576 890 548 501 891 817 623 878 293 662
Petroleum Total 3 449 855 456 3 581 551 235 3 580 531 566 3 561 524 520 3 702 073 702
Petroleum Oil Sands 33 866 500 44 441 000 50 443 100 63 151 600 66 369 900
Natural Gas 1 956 240 800 2 002 115 200 2 033 502 400 2 096 815 200 2 142 354 400
Oil Shales 13 301 711 14 172 936 14 227 015 14 739 077 17 037 785
Uranium 36 988 41 570 42 767 42 524 41 883

Total 9 911 925 207 10 105 204 703 10 329 397 782 10 483 499 247 11 058 691 275

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Steam Coal 4 127 007 942 4 387 272 606 4 664 879 497 4 848 257 117 5 018 892 543
Coking Coal 600 995 201 680 609 428 716 826 531 794 213 709 801 224 094
Lignite 894 070 195 934 846 769 949 111 979 957 520 005 983 195 678
Petroleum Total 3 886 190 188 3 935 792 890 3 962 232 373 3 944 285 280 3 984 885 851
Petroleum Oil Sands 83 717 200 80 995 800 90 087 100 94 861 200 95 744 700
Natural Gas 2 200 730 400 2 272 442 400 2 356 186 400 2 439 281 600 2 524 384 000
Oil Shales 16 027 336 16 524 485 16 079 794 18 505 726 18 031 734
Uranium 47 352 49 204 46 471 48 767 51 779

Total 11 725 068 614 12 227 537 782 12 665 363 045 13 002 112 204 13 330 665 679

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Steam Coal 5 148 155 149 5 397 763 695 5 743 171 410 5 854 777 988 5 895 124 606
Coking Coal 824 599 040 943 566 350 1 018 552 520 1 025 682 310 1 085 174 980
Lignite 833 407 466 847 584 916 891 323 386 894 761 867 856 633 855
Petroleum Total 3 880 338 072 3 972 887 814 4 006 098 450 4 112 540 147 4 125 658 981
Petroleum Oil Sands 102 879 100 110 453 500 116 257 300 129 172 900 135 662 800
Natural Gas 2 438 430 400 2 647 440 800 2 713 752 000 2 771 966 400 2 766 716 800
Oil Shales 15 888 442 18 805 092 19 505 132 19 701 365 21 375 653
Uranium 59 673 62 960 63 389 70 196 70 636

Total 13 140 878 242 13 828 111 627 14 392 466 287 14 679 500 273 14 750 755 511

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Steam Coal 5 820 258 614 5 669 206 604 5 243 160 096 5 532 159 250 5 838 604 969
Coking Coal 1 119 757 683 1 090 851 155 1 048 691 522 1 022 957 264 1 038 913 561
Lignite 818 200 727 820 582 221 814 324 735 820 800 439 800 482 271
Petroleum Total 4 200 969 169 4 360 716 443 4 384 648 893 4 386 527 394 4 498 350 815
Petroleum Oil Sands 135 882 800 158 197 900 159 356 500 169 006 100 176 864 600
Natural Gas 2 820 633 600 2 866 096 800 2 891 157 600 3 020 797 600 3 161 618 400
Oil Shales 21 899 496 20 506 638 16 682 046 22 534 973 22 794 380
Uranium 67 508 72 047 74 638 70 402 64 083

Total 14 801 786 797 14 828 031 908 14 398 739 530 14 805 847 322 15 360 828 479

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 43

 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Steam Coal 5 956 304 228 5 726 903 170 6 073 394 123 6 713 790 820 7 019 162 249
Coking Coal 1 058 032 216 1 036 290 098 1 031 500 586 1 049 228 048 1 075 305 187
Lignite 734 488 961 637 327 140 681 884 781 730 715 184 633 385 466
Petroleum Total 4 506 114 913 4 214 605 861 4 263 689 054 4 452 445 737 4 546 738 152
Petroleum Oil Sands 176 766 200 167 943 300 182 104 200 188 263 400 193 858 800
Natural Gas 3 265 580 000 3 177 232 000 3 302 914 400 3 310 660 800 3 327 339 200
Oil Shales 16 628 394 13 054 894 12 674 826 15 880 441 22 280 683
Uranium 64 278 55 718 55 981 58 510 67 345

Total 15 537 212 990 14 805 468 881 15 366 113 751 16 272 779 540 16 624 278 282

6.1.7.2 Total Production in tons of coal equivalent (TCE)

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

Steam Coal 1 984 545 701 2 079 192 762 2 141 039 784 2 196 329 711 2 242 644 959
Coking Coal 439 443 133 444 515 598 447 335 300 449 367 430 475 163 000
Lignite 360 814 032 378 669 882 388 743 522 396 852 134 387 609 598
Petroleum Total 3 955 550 070 3 989 180 092 4 122 081 810 4 115 976 705 4 293 615 331
Petroleum Oil Sands 11 920 087 15 442 820 19 780 656 21 085 991 23 520 302
Natural Gas 1 820 618 730 1 892 310 322 1 929 095 794 2 016 425 544 2 106 360 390
Oil Shales 9 804 244 9 789 944 9 486 934 9 239 118 8 625 307
Uranium 1 009 123 500 1 027 900 500 1 075 668 000 1 152 541 500 1 170 147 000

Total 9 579 899 410 9 821 559 100 10 113 451 144 10 336 732 142 10 684 165 585

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

Steam Coal 2 297 280 349 2 315 215 405 2 288 562 315 2 317 552 470 2 258 599 130
Coking Coal 476 202 417 491 603 770 464 654 390 420 806 373 410 518 480
Lignite 408 804 798 380 691 779 351 909 015 350 948 625 329 597 560
Petroleum Total 4 432 985 753 4 497 730 526 4 494 894 219 4 563 989 629 4 595 846 567
Petroleum Oil Sands 25 675 440 26 433 422 26 813 842 28 014 361 28 899 578
Natural Gas 2 180 339 701 2 206 350 582 2 246 104 022 2 251 915 390 2 346 771 214
Oil Shales 8 626 088 8 076 739 7 792 649 7 525 009 7 985 612
Uranium 1 121 125 500 977 229 000 808 335 000 700 260 000 633 072 000

Total 10 925 364 606 10 876 897 801 10 662 251 610 10 612 997 496 10 582 390 563

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Steam Coal 2 358 469 294 2 464 103 157 2 546 357 455 2 565 416 915 2 533 580 943
Coking Coal 421 238 500 440 288 110 418 180 290 425 195 980 397 855 170
Lignite 315 782 790 312 043 680 301 350 828 303 744 060 292 480 864
Petroleum Total 4 555 192 313 4 643 104 035 4 676 347 502 4 865 107 090 5 011 817 327
Petroleum Oil Sands 30 479 232 32 888 411 34 218 878 40 555 914 45 367 703
Natural Gas 2 327 629 987 2 429 798 494 2 515 126 491 2 538 381 712 2 578 097 240
Oil Shales 6 750 472 5 047 949 5 140 503 5 227 145 4 630 321
Uranium 614 163 000 663 861 000 681 895 500 691 267 500 657 838 500

Total 10 599 226 356 10 958 246 425 11 144 398 569 11 394 340 402 11 476 300 365

44 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Steam Coal 2 485 286 615 2 486 362 511 2 617 453 259 2 690 425 262 2 940 149 416
Coking Coal 387 598 740 382 944 550 382 572 830 382 254 240 419 362 296
Lignite 289 654 797 293 377 469 303 758 682 302 211 847 297 611 763
Petroleum Total 4 926 393 591 5 114 455 164 5 112 999 076 5 085 857 015 5 286 561 246
Petroleum Oil Sands 48 361 362 63 461 748 72 032 747 90 180 485 94 776 217
Natural Gas 2 648 750 043 2 710 863 981 2 753 362 250 2 839 087 781 2 900 747 858
Oil Shales 4 030 418 4 294 400 4 310 786 4 465 940 5 162 449
Uranium 610 302 000 685 905 000 705 655 500 701 646 000 691 069 500

Total 11 352 016 204 11 678 203 075 11 880 112 383 12 005 948 085 12 540 664 528

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Steam Coal 3 192 583 057 3 384 032 805 3 584 539 581 3 714 753 241 3 837 647 360
Coking Coal 473 987 057 533 191 273 557 593 175 618 648 219 624 698 083
Lignite 304 057 870 319 852 059 326 631 993 329 756 850 339 373 308
Petroleum Total 5 549 479 588 5 620 312 247 5 658 067 829 5 632 439 380 5 690 416 995
Petroleum Oil Sands 119 548 162 115 662 002 128 644 379 135 461 794 136 723 432
Natural Gas 2 979 788 962 3 076 887 010 3 190 276 386 3 302 787 286 3 418 015 936
Oil Shales 4 856 283 5 006 919 4 872 178 5 607 235 5 463 615
Uranium 781 308 000 811 866 000 766 771 500 804 655 500 854 353 500

Total 13 286 060 817 13 751 148 313 14 088 752 642 14 408 647 711 14 769 968 797

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Steam Coal 3 921 037 917 4 093 694 167 4 340 393 395 4 411 200 248 4 436 685 639
Coking Coal 635 657 384 732 783 510 785 922 232 791 664 822 837 099 793
Lignite 280 791 804 288 408 437 303 452 261 302 947 507 289 922 083
Petroleum Total 5 541 122 767 5 673 283 798 5 720 708 587 5 872 707 330 5 891 441 025
Petroleum Oil Sands 146 911 355 157 727 598 166 015 424 184 458 901 193 726 478
Natural Gas 3 301 634 762 3 584 634 843 3 674 420 208 3 753 242 506 3 746 134 547
Oil Shales 4 814 198 5 697 943 5 910 055 5 969 514 6 476 823
Uranium 984 604 500 1 038 840 000 1 045 918 500 1 158 234 000 1 165 494 000

Total 14 669 663 332 15 417 342 698 15 876 725 238 16 295 965 927 16 373 253 910

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Steam Coal 4 389 965 791 4 272 442 466 3 944 243 818 4 155 271 257 4 370 559 892
Coking Coal 865 063 178 844 224 292 813 118 851 798 916 672 810 791 420
Lignite 278 440 353 280 122 416 279 424 269 280 914 207 273 269 323
Petroleum Total 5 998 983 973 6 227 103 081 6 261 278 619 6 263 961 119 6 423 644 964
Petroleum Oil Sands 194 040 638 225 906 601 227 561 082 241 340 711 252 562 649
Natural Gas 3 819 137 894 3 880 695 067 3 914 627 390 4 090 159 950 4 280 831 314
Oil Shales 6 635 547 6 213 511 5 054 660 6 828 097 6 906 697
Uranium 1 113 882 000 1 188 775 500 1 231 527 000 1 161 633 000 1 057 369 500

Total 16 472 108 736 16 699 576 333 16 449 274 607 16 757 684 302 17 223 373 110

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 45

 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Steam Coal 4 446 738 631 4 253 200 220 4 504 037 879 4 956 693 586 5 163 818 874
Coking Coal 824 097 244 803 768 721 800 222 956 813 412 421 835 474 951
Lignite 253 426 249 222 868 268 237 938 777 256 085 665 222 780 317
Petroleum Total 6 434 732 096 6 018 457 170 6 088 547 969 6 358 092 512 6 492 742 081
Petroleum Oil Sands 252 422 134 239 823 032 260 044 798 268 840 135 276 830 366
Natural Gas 4 421 595 320 4 301 972 128 4 472 146 098 4 482 634 723 4 505 217 277
Oil Shales 5 038 403 3 955 633 3 840 472 4 811 774 6 751 047
Uranium 1 060 587 000 919 347 000 923 686 500 965 415 000 1 111 192 500

Total 17 446 214 943 16 523 569 140 17 030 420 651 17 837 145 681 18 337 977 047

6.1.8 Total Minerals Production 2023,

by Country

6.1.8.1 by Production in metr. t

Country Total Iron, Non-Ferrous Precious Industrial Mineral Fuels

(incl. Bauxite) Ferro-Alloys Metals Metals Minerals

China 5 275 323 353 195 472 739 50 417 029 3 780 206 871 000 4 757 042 505
United States 2 412 274 729 28 445 900 2 957 983 1 203 91 617 290 2 289 204 123
Russia 1 560 243 470 53 990 499 5 523 790 1 970 40 296 315 1 453 563 196
India 1 363 189 440 173 038 350 5 234 660 740 64 289 387 1 097 265 508
Australia 1 301 371 105 592 643 180 4 141 401 1 329 19 713 487 585 813 332
Indonesia 878 954 445 2 847 000 1 189 634 376 4 865 466 860 162 400
Saudi Arabia 655 483 379 350 000 794 957 22 17 650 000 630 788 400
Canada 556 620 832 40 359 368 3 878 393 455 34 708 494 477 674 122
Brazil 527 807 571 275 304 669 1 650 009 190 19 400 241 199 419 971
Iran 502 490 262 37 747 680 1 250 807 96 33 780 346 428 840 260
South Africa 292 138 381 56 515 945 1 003 924 358 3 001 493 231 616 661
Kazakhstan 257 365 363 13 852 062 1 275 854 1 026 8 232 926 229 443 595
United Arab Emirates 229 475 470 0 2 660 000 0 6 300 000 220 515 470
Iraq 222 464 760 0 0 0 1 480 000 220 984 760
Qatar 215 026 360 0 644 000 0 3 050 000 211 332 360
Norway 192 590 377 1 457 480 1 321 649 0 133 503 189 677 745
Kuwait 161 055 100 0 0 0 1 198 900 159 856 200
Mexico 160 299 092 14 437 074 1 898 479 7 410 20 130 025 123 826 104
Algeria 151 950 640 931 900 240 0 3 626 900 147 391 600
Türkiye 136 016 522 11 433 890 469 746 132 37 869 226 83 308 738
Germany 133 279 411 85 400 189 954 7 25 115 346 107 888 704
Guinea 123 067 491 0 0 76 0 0
Colombia 118 152 087 336 910 6 007 114 1 061 817 116 744 460
Nigeria 108 414 478 46 701 83 959 3 245 023 108 038 792
Oman 100 629 990 154 100 397 530 13 340 460 86 737 900
Poland 98 821 930 750 424 990 1 320 5 467 760 92 927 110
Malaysia 92 776 651 3 213 594 957 998 9 511 166 87 517 114
Mongolia 80 690 418 2 990 474 382 086 88 606 280 76 711 490
Egypt 78 496 904 46 000 310 000 14 2 640 000 75 500 890
Turkmenistan 73 580 600 0 0 0 768 700 72 811 900
Venezuela 71 964 439 2 440 000 10 000 9 990 700 67 623 730
Argentina 69 985 080 0 498 903 849 2 058 228 67 427 100
Libya 69 433 600 0 0 0 488 200 68 945 400
Vietnam 68 695 981 1 151 200 77 601 3 1 806 077 61 861 100
United Kingdom 67 712 649 0 29 346 1 6 188 372 61 494 930

46 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Azerbaijan 60 116 964 0 38 938 8 799 418 59 278 600
Angola 60 097 162 29 900 0 0 522 002 59 545 260
Thailand 53 790 635 215 642 30 11 12 438 914 41 136 038
Ukraine 53 003 176 19 829 200 0 0 836 666 32 337 310
Pakistan 51 387 314 205 710 66 215 0 5 579 376 45 476 013
Uzbekistan 47 326 301 790 205 160 347 1 582 000 45 538 004
Peru 39 132 584 13 020 826 4 555 946 3 142 3 856 006 17 696 664
Czechia 33 833 562 0 0 0 2 999 000 30 834 562
Serbia 33 556 191 0 256 519 12 280 311 33 019 349
Chile 32 638 451 11 487 488 5 386 138 1 298 14 416 167 1 347 360
Romania 27 474 995 3 250 206 888 19 2 168 101 25 096 737
Mozambique 27 301 379 1 829 598 517 366 2 352 483 24 596 449
Laos 25 304 064 2 029 200 65 679 28 4 034 838 18 899 177
Bulgaria 24 850 227 3 000 159 957 32 3 508 100 21 179 138
Bahrain 24 152 615 0 1 620 665 0 133 100 22 398 850
Ecuador 23 962 566 0 126 500 66 1 000 23 835 000
Trinidad and Tobago 23 808 260 0 0 0 0 23 808 260
Bangladesh 21 432 617 0 0 0 2 232 000 19 200 617
Spain 21 152 428 735 214 908 91 20 915 288 21 406
Israel 20 919 976 0 0 0 3 432 765 17 487 211
Guyana 20 121 875 119 520 0 13 0 19 478 600
Sweden 20 012 913 19 126 500 476 002 411 410 000 0
Philippines 19 803 328 517 780 62 281 77 314 290 18 908 900
Korea, North 19 110 760 1 735 550 55 150 60 220 000 17 100 000
Myanmar 16 021 291 239 130 133 960 1 589 300 15 058 900
Gabon 15 873 101 4 393 100 0 1 0 11 480 000
Bosnia-Herzegovina 15 389 338 640 980 79 185 0 1 329 453 12 791 560
Greece 15 194 479 0 215 181 45 3 341 315 10 663 000
Jordan 14 708 090 0 0 0 6 112 890 8 595 200
Netherlands 14 237 605 0 726 0 4 883 185 9 353 694
Congo, Rep. 14 186 889 20 200 32 489 0 0 14 134 200
Bolivia 13 634 546 131 616 621 591 1 397 551 462 12 328 480
Estonia 13 362 000 0 0 0 0 13 362 000
Brunei 12 655 180 0 0 0 0 12 655 180
Morocco 11 923 918 48 706 101 922 232 11 730 156 42 902
Ghana 11 496 942 870 500 48 314 127 150 000 9 468 400
Italy 11 333 352 0 0 0 4 701 429 6 631 923
Belarus 10 343 000 0 0 0 8 680 000 1 663 000
Equatorial Guinea 9 681 230 0 0 0 0 9 681 230
Mauritania 9 288 734 9 155 700 13 014 20 120 000 0
France 8 959 671 0 356 738 0 7 880 513 602 420
New Zealand 8 389 186 1 480 000 333 869 13 120 500 6 454 804
Sierra Leone 7 594 956 6 213 472 0 0 27 776 0
South Sudan 7 272 710 0 0 0 0 7 272 710
Tunisia 6 970 200 135 000 2 600 0 3 654 200 3 178 400
Kosovo 6 930 329 10 6 660 0 0 6 923 659
Chad 6 664 600 0 0 0 0 6 664 600
Hungary 6 631 289 0 0 0 118 000 6 513 289
Papua New Guinea 6 145 845 104 176 90 490 179 0 5 951 000
Japan 6 115 312 0 3 105 7 4 141 400 1 970 800
Tanzania 6 090 019 33 800 4 158 69 804 558 5 186 081
Jamaica 6 068 600 0 0 0 80 500 0
Zimbabwe 5 480 879 502 970 48 121 70 30 978 4 898 740
Cameroon 5 143 380 0 62 180 0 0 5 081 200
Korea, South 5 074 593 412 649 5 733 2 4 010 260 645 949
Denmark 4 707 976 0 0 0 723 562 3 984 414
Austria 4 649 675 1 025 029 0 0 2 710 353 914 293
Kyrgyzstan 4 593 181 0 7 041 40 136 000 4 450 100
Syria 4 507 890 0 0 0 612 000 3 895 890
North Macedonia 4 479 894 0 79 750 17 308 994 4 091 133
Cote d'Ivoire 4 261 363 507 310 0 53 0 3 649 000
Congo, D.R. 4 163 801 142 048 2 871 803 38 2 1 149 910

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 47

Cuba 3 513 094 43 400 101 100 0 404 594 2 964 000
Slovenia 3 035 352 0 1 487 0 824 3 033 041
Sudan 2 647 624 2 100 0 24 324 500 2 321 000
Botswana 2 524 800 0 72 411 55 387 961 2 064 373
Montenegro 2 421 801 0 33 128 0 0 1 862 150
Tajikistan 2 333 021 0 169 129 21 61 671 2 102 200
Liberia 2 160 014 2 160 000 0 14 0 0
Zambia 2 096 521 81 615 732 589 2 576 200 706 115
Finland 2 073 656 419 388 79 551 55 1 574 662 0
Afghanistan 1 930 461 10 100 0 0 523 961 1 396 400
Slovakia 1 731 030 0 282 0 922 254 808 494
Senegal 1 537 974 251 910 0 14 1 286 050 0
Yemen 1 533 100 0 0 0 70 000 1 463 100
Croatia 1 442 590 0 0 0 341 230 1 086 700
Albania 1 379 939 387 770 4 720 0 115 262 872 187
Namibia 1 350 058 19 200 48 239 15 1 274 366 8 238
Bhutan 1 215 000 650 0 0 1 100 400 113 950
Niger 1 092 267 0 0 3 0 1 092 264
Portugal 1 085 126 400 252 218 89 832 419 0
Ireland 1 002 347 0 60 346 1 110 000 832 000
Suriname 855 248 0 0 18 0 855 230
Cyprus 793 351 0 0 0 793 351 0
Iceland 757 904 0 752 904 0 5 000 0
Bahamas 712 420 0 0 0 712 420 0
Switzerland 703 183 0 0 0 703 183 0
Guatemala 641 504 20 300 25 0 279 179 342 000
Madagascar 581 090 381 972 4 020 2 195 096 0
Georgia 572 653 212 300 4 395 29 156 200 199 729
Togo 561 474 0 0 4 561 470 0
Eritrea 480 476 0 134 424 52 346 000 0
Dominican Republic 402 505 17 875 20 510 70 364 050 0
Eswatini 393 328 0 0 0 0 393 328
Ethiopia 366 360 355 0 5 366 000 0
Panama 360 956 0 330 863 89 30 004 0
Latvia 348 070 0 0 0 348 070 0
Taiwan 308 145 0 0 0 233 945 74 200
Kenya 299 143 214 080 0 0 85 063 0
Uganda 249 921 216 720 0 0 33 201 0
New Caledonia 235 675 235 675 0 0 0 0
Sri Lanka 191 549 31 665 0 0 159 884 0
Moldova 185 116 0 0 0 180 800 4 316
Honduras 182 334 0 42 300 34 140 000 0
Armenia 163 625 11 116 73 903 16 78 590 0
Christmas Island 141 900 0 0 0 141 900 0
Nicaragua 103 159 0 0 49 103 110 0
Cambodia 81 158 0 0 4 81 154 0
Lithuania 79 313 0 0 0 54 538 24 775
Malawi 64 631 380 0 0 0 64 251
Nauru 54 400 0 0 0 54 400 0
El Salvador 30 000 0 0 0 30 000 0
Fiji 27 302 27 300 0 2 0 0
Barbados 26 200 0 0 0 0 26 200
Uruguay 17 402 910 0 0 16 492 0
Costa Rica 15 001 0 0 1 15 000 0
Paraguay 10 500 0 0 0 10 500 0
Nepal 6 928 0 0 0 4 123 2 805
Rwanda 5 387 2 155 3 230 2 0 0
Lebanon 3 000 0 0 0 3 000 0
Cape Verde 2 600 0 0 0 2 600 0
Malta 2 000 0 0 0 2 000 0
Belgium 1 219 0 1 219 0 0 0
Solomon Islands 1 052 1 050 0 2 0 0

48 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Benin 500 0 0 0 500 0
Mauritius 249 0 0 0 249 0
Burundi 156 72 83 1 0 0
Mali 76 0 0 76 0 0
Burkina Faso 65 0 0 65 0 0
Central African Republic 2 0 0 2 0 0
French Guiana 1 0 0 1 0 0

Total 19 581 483 753 1 610 254 408 111 736 977 30 325 844 281 165 16 624 278 282

6.1.8.2 by Value in Million USD (not included Diamonds)

Country Total Iron, Non-Ferrous Precious Industrial Mineral Fuels

(incl. Bauxite) Ferro-Alloys Metals Metals Minerals

China 942 711 41 092 133 818 26 166 35 830 703 315
United States 753 534 5 717 14 414 11 943 11 797 709 662
Russia 504 280 13 311 18 678 25 454 15 098 431 478
Saudi Arabia 338 393 42 2 240 848 2 033 333 005
Canada 249 757 8 411 12 024 13 121 19 647 196 554
Australia 223 379 80 471 22 087 19 288 3 022 94 749
India 201 551 37 963 12 290 645 8 709 141 057
Indonesia 171 809 44 379 9 543 6 120 830 110 561
Iran 167 799 5 999 4 875 607 2 234 154 051
Brazil 166 747 42 181 7 279 5 505 3 038 107 527
South Africa 148 567 101 382 2 650 17 395 1 219 25 919
Iraq 129 839 0 0 0 52 129 787
United Arab Emirates 117 916 0 6 001 0 372 111 543
Kazakhstan 111 010 20 193 6 852 8 867 1 117 73 807
Mexico 92 368 3 685 9 400 13 707 1 989 63 587
Kuwait 89 415 0 0 0 76 89 339
Norway 71 967 450 2 982 0 17 68 518
Qatar 61 800 0 1 453 0 180 60 167
Chile 58 935 3 770 48 942 3 185 2 827 212
Nigeria 48 961 90 424 165 55 48 228
Algeria 48 080 112 1 9 304 47 654
Peru 46 391 3 379 28 701 8 594 885 4 832
Colombia 38 330 962 51 3 895 98 33 324
Oman 38 085 1 535 897 0 165 35 489
Libya 36 901 0 0 0 19 36 882
Angola 33 712 8 0 3 39 33 663
Congo, D.R. 32 416 4 924 24 638 2 159 0 696
Venezuela 30 182 293 23 562 115 29 155
Argentina 28 358 0 1 782 3 014 380 23 181
Türkiye 27 242 13 386 1 952 2 336 4 625 4 832
Malaysia 25 677 680 2 252 104 71 22 548
Egypt 25 249 7 699 874 465 23 203
United Kingdom 24 379 0 66 8 728 23 577
Azerbaijan 21 833 0 101 170 30 21 531
Mongolia 19 541 513 2 838 983 213 14 994
Ecuador 16 541 0 1 074 1 132 0 14 335
Gabon 15 509 8 642 0 80 0 6 788
Uzbekistan 15 006 41 1 407 6 873 489 6 197
Ghana 14 188 1 715 109 7 846 21 4 461
Poland 13 932 16 3 428 1 021 580 8 887
Philippines 13 697 8 908 534 1 974 33 2 248
Vietnam 13 207 820 592 61 496 11 094
Guyana 12 879 235 0 839 0 11 785
Turkmenistan 12 684 0 0 0 364 12 320

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 49

Zimbabwe 11 082 5 310 1 393 3 683 7 689
Bahrain 10 689 0 3 656 0 8 7 025
Germany 10 262 10 437 6 5 792 4 017
Guinea 9 398 0 0 4 722 0 0
Belarus 9 220 0 0 0 8 297 923
Bolivia 8 531 65 2 101 3 927 282 2 157
Pakistan 8 330 649 271 0 605 6 803
Congo, Rep. 8 305 2 135 9 0 8 158
Ukraine 7 754 2 862 0 0 115 4 776
Thailand 7 578 27 1 61 623 6 865
Mozambique 7 523 1 936 1 215 104 416 3 852
Zambia 6 786 321 6 220 134 34 78
Papua New Guinea 6 367 1 512 768 2 697 0 1 390
Cote d'Ivoire 6 063 1 727 0 3 198 0 1 134
Finland 5 993 4 754 331 645 263 0
Israel 5 406 0 0 0 3 204 2 202
New Caledonia 5 101 5 101 0 0 0 0
Laos 4 837 244 525 534 2 742 782
Sweden 4 700 2 295 1 616 763 25 0
Mali 4 536 0 0 4 536 0 0
Jordan 4 480 0 0 0 3 337 1 143
South Sudan 4 400 0 0 0 0 4 400
Albania 4 395 3 937 40 0 4 414
Trinidad and Tobago 4 283 0 0 0 0 4 283
Morocco 4 167 137 456 181 3 388 6
Tanzania 4 115 4 42 3 431 59 576
Chad 4 032 0 0 0 0 4 032
Serbia 3 884 0 2 072 439 45 1 329
Myanmar 3 874 572 1 487 32 39 1 745
Romania 3 776 6 525 45 193 3 007
Brunei 3 620 0 0 0 0 3 620
Burkina Faso 3 587 0 0 3 587 0 0
Italy 3 358 0 0 0 521 2 836
Panama 3 129 0 2 809 316 4 0
Equatorial Guinea 3 061 0 0 0 0 3 061
Korea, North 3 019 278 145 662 53 1 881
Spain 2 985 27 1 243 167 1 545 3
Sudan 2 902 21 0 1 450 27 1 404
Bulgaria 2 730 6 1 121 596 460 546
Cuba 2 641 944 250 0 30 1 417
Bangladesh 2 634 0 0 0 312 2 322
New Zealand 2 633 178 753 432 18 1 253
Mauritania 2 468 1 099 110 1 257 1 0
Cameroon 2 344 0 140 27 0 2 177
Namibia 2 095 28 147 616 169 1 135
France 2 082 0 810 0 912 356
Denmark 2 033 0 0 0 145 1 888
Kyrgyzstan 1 974 0 60 1 548 4 362
Netherlands 1 943 0 3 0 684 1 256
Madagascar 1 854 1 558 21 125 150 0
Estonia 1 777 0 0 0 0 1 777
Tunisia 1 773 16 6 0 553 1 198
Iceland 1 699 0 1 699 0 1 0
Dominican Republic 1 645 385 111 1 141 8 0
Suriname 1 632 0 0 1 115 0 517
Senegal 1 565 275 0 804 485 0
Czechia 1 546 0 0 0 465 1 080
Syria 1 433 0 0 0 100 1 334
Tajikistan 1 400 0 568 585 7 240
Armenia 1 273 604 591 70 8 0
Greece 1 240 0 490 163 255 296
Portugal 1 114 13 926 67 108 0

50 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Liberia 1 111 259 0 852 0 0
Japan 1 068 0 54 260 356 398
Sierra Leone 998 882 0 10 54 0
Botswana 958 0 615 62 54 227
Hungary 943 0 0 0 10 933
Niger 906 0 0 158 0 748
Yemen 885 0 0 0 7 877
Nicaragua 868 0 0 860 8 0
Georgia 836 418 37 330 9 41
Austria 808 149 0 0 320 339
Korea, South 805 170 66 4 492 71
Bosnia-Herzegovina 770 77 181 0 172 320
Eritrea 700 0 459 196 45 0
Guatemala 625 437 0 0 8 180
Togo 407 0 0 225 182 0
Croatia 397 0 0 0 11 385
North Macedonia 394 0 235 50 7 102
Afghanistan 358 102 0 0 101 154
Rwanda 350 141 84 125 0 0
Kenya 341 265 0 26 50 0
Ethiopia 283 25 0 219 39 0
Honduras 268 0 106 152 10 0
Ireland 253 0 156 1 1 94
Cambodia 231 0 0 220 11 0
Jamaica 230 0 0 0 2 0
Kosovo 189 0 16 0 0 173
Slovakia 188 0 1 31 131 25
Montenegro 144 0 77 0 0 47
Solomon Islands 134 23 0 112 0 0
Bahamas 100 0 0 0 100 0
Central African Republic 97 0 0 97 0 0
Slovenia 80 0 3 0 0 76
Burundi 71 3 2 66 0 0
French Guiana 69 0 0 69 0 0
Sri Lanka 61 33 0 0 28 0
Costa Rica 59 0 0 50 9 0
Switzerland 56 0 0 0 56 0
Christmas Island 46 0 0 0 46 0
Eswatini 45 0 0 1 0 43
Fiji 38 3 0 34 0 0
Uganda 33 27 0 0 6 0
Taiwan 32 0 0 0 23 9
Bhutan 26 0 0 0 13 13
Cyprus 19 0 0 0 19 0
Lithuania 18 0 0 0 3 15
Nauru 18 0 0 0 18 0
Belgium 15 0 15 0 0 0
Barbados 12 0 0 0 0 12
Malawi 11 0 0 4 0 7
Moldova 5 0 0 0 2 3
El Salvador 4 0 0 0 4 0
Latvia 4 0 0 0 4 0
Uruguay 2 0 0 0 2 0
Nepal 2 0 0 0 1 0
Paraguay 1 0 0 0 1 0

Total 5 533 187 495 233 424 498 243 643 159 179 4 195 779

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 51

6.2 World Production of Mineral Raw Materials,
by Mineral Raw Materials

6.2.1 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals

Commodity 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change
19/23 in %
in metr. t

Iron 1 498 433 420 1 473 438 813 1 534 698 693 1 513 023 230 1 561 947 990 4.24
Chromium 15 779 216 11 969 552 14 909 158 14 722 736 14 536 362 -7.88
Cobalt 124 430 129 683 132 625 164 901 197 475 58.70
Manganese 21 164 890 19 623 934 20 577 778 20 277 808 20 226 171 -4.44
Molybdenum 277 180 284 871 270 710 265 129 291 683 5.23
Nickel 2 694 896 2 495 190 2 859 928 3 237 732 3 689 247 36.90
Niobium 134 961 93 508 121 909 117 705 117 875 -12.66
Tantalum 1 645 1 705 1 760 1 931 2 110 28.27
Titanium 7 994 529 8 504 299 8 616 201 8 902 059 9 044 885 13.14
Tungsten 88 859 85 091 88 859 85 761 83 785 -5.71
Vanadium 98 723 105 776 110 269 115 271 116 825 18.34

6.2.2 Non-Ferrous Metals

Commodity 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change
19/23 in %
in metr. t

Aluminium 63 230 201 65 404 146 67 481 563 68 817 370 70 659 931 11.75
Antimony 134 659 120 311 92 370 83 299 103 750 -22.95
Arsenic 55 243 52 298 55 700 57 404 64 402 16.58
Bauxite 363 687 031 379 030 232 376 445 359 398 266 374 390 902 596 7.48
Beryllium 5 927 6 240 6 561 6 975 7 642 28.94
Bismuth 9 033 9 513 11 116 10 276 10 110 11.92
Cadmium 25 089 25 540 25 528 22 611 24 226 -3.44
Copper 20 633 412 21 080 357 21 449 563 22 013 773 22 458 973 8.85
Gallium 374 304 431 616 713 90.64
Germanium 95 96 142 139 163 71.58
Indium 918 944 917 997 978 6.54
Lead 4 896 049 4 692 777 4 597 548 4 691 012 4 704 599 -3.91
Lithium 192 108 187 000 234 726 353 195 499 954 160.25
Mercury 2 324 2 308 1 810 1 015 1 063 -54.26
Rare Earths 203 665 229 892 269 503 299 417 385 321 89.19
Rhenium 44 38 41 52 73 65.91
Selenium 3 631 3 397 3 816 3 829 3 993 9.97
Tellurium 529 459 742 681 692 30.81
Tin 294 333 277 707 263 606 287 587 288 806 -1.88
Zinc 12 990 498 12 697 927 12 856 622 12 737 910 12 521 588 -3.61

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 53

6.2.3 Precious Metals
Commodity 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change
19/23 in %
in kg

Gold 3 313 849 3 202 740 3 220 656 3 297 464 3 266 418 -1.43
Palladium 224 007 189 369 212 773 195 453 205 535 -8.25
Platinum 186 825 162 158 189 160 171 734 178 795 -4.30
Rhodium 23 734 20 640 24 409 22 553 22 835 -3.79
Silver 28 132 515 26 517 027 26 654 852 26 642 839 26 643 145 -5.29

6.2.4 Industrial Minerals

Commodity 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change
19/23 in %
in metr. t (Diamonds in ct)

Asbestos 1 137 505 1 132 268 1 302 356 1 258 165 1 238 640 8.89
Baryte 9 510 043 7 841 612 8 362 523 8 111 701 8 906 343 -6.35
Bentonite 21 808 546 18 924 776 18 751 902 18 618 307 19 276 083 -11.61
Boron 4 293 276 3 601 490 4 922 768 5 346 095 4 791 966 11.62
Diam. (Gem) 79 229 838 62 234 568 74 724 754 77 242 516 72 336 225 -8.70
Diam. (Ind) 57 116 250 45 274 222 43 173 921 43 451 171 38 981 899 -31.75
Diatomite 2 299 083 2 198 777 2 616 327 2 571 961 2 456 129 6.83
Feldspar 31 001 138 29 846 115 36 068 557 39 713 470 34 225 456 10.40
Fluorspar 7 004 731 7 146 223 8 440 580 8 367 825 8 679 037 23.90
Graphite 1 616 698 1 390 846 1 650 440 1 734 673 1 656 698 2.47
Gypsum 200 869 534 201 731 563 211 764 948 215 322 095 214 771 000 6.92
Kaolin 44 211 505 42 658 021 44 419 909 44 486 310 45 349 144 2.57
Magnesite 27 338 804 28 254 847 28 048 939 26 262 727 22 756 966 -16.76
Perlite 2 856 022 3 161 381 3 844 560 3 186 609 3 064 316 7.29
Phosphates 68 656 060 67 643 460 72 280 440 71 083 820 71 398 340 3.99
Potash 42 215 857 44 749 692 46 333 692 39 772 601 45 048 272 6.71
Salt 291 338 681 267 595 817 267 308 582 280 030 485 268 982 276 -7.67
Sulfur 81 997 309 79 339 055 78 586 878 82 165 519 82 745 314 0.91
Talc 7 758 219 6 782 317 7 754 434 7 754 330 7 142 897 -7.93
Vermiculite 434 921 426 638 467 360 501 378 467 869 7.58
Zircon 1 417 320 1 249 168 1 493 078 1 411 763 1 324 397 -6.56

54 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

6.2.5 Mineral Fuels
Commodity 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change
19/23 in %
in metr. t (Nat. Gas in Mio m3)

Steam Coal 5 956 304 228 5 726 903 170 6 073 394 123 6 713 790 820 7 019 162 249 17.84
Coking Coal 1 058 032 216 1 036 290 098 1 031 500 586 1 049 228 048 1 075 305 187 1.63
Hard Coal (Tot) 7 014 336 444 6 763 193 268 7 104 894 709 7 763 018 868 8 094 467 436 15.40

Lignite 734 488 961 637 327 140 681 884 781 730 715 184 633 385 466 -13.77

Coal (Tot) 7 748 825 405 7 400 520 408 7 786 779 490 8 493 734 052 8 727 852 902 12.63

Petroleum 4 506 114 913 4 214 605 861 4 263 689 054 4 452 445 737 4 546 738 152 0.90
Nat. Gas 4 081 975 3 971 540 4 128 643 4 138 326 4 159 174 1.89
Oil Sands* 176 766 200 167 943 300 182 104 200 188 263 400 193 858 800 9.67
Oil Shales 16 628 394 13 054 894 12 674 826 15 880 441 22 280 683 33.99

Uranium 64 278 55 718 55 981 58 510 67 345 4.77

*Oil Sands as part of Petroleum

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 55

6.3 World Production of Mineral Raw Materials,
by Development Status, Income, Political Stability of the
Producer Countries (according to World Bank), Country Groups
and Economic Blocks

6.3.1 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals

Iron (Fe-Content)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 654 833 302 653 447 689 659 971 173 748 572 879 753 968 823
Developing C. 703 874 828 677 289 904 731 062 800 747 427 591 788 284 177
Least Developed C. 11 396 940 12 222 140 15 099 120 17 022 760 19 694 990
Transition C. 128 328 350 130 479 080 128 565 600 0 0

Total 1 498 433 420 1 473 438 813 1 534 698 693 1 513 023 230 1 561 947 990

Annual per capita income:

High Income 663 762 546 663 959 955 671 472 977 683 253 950 745 627 123
Upper Middle Income 612 055 184 574 807 258 595 203 096 593 265 950 623 095 957
Lower Middle Income 217 741 340 229 684 390 261 690 230 227 606 580 183 043 270
Low Income 4 874 350 4 987 210 6 332 390 8 896 750 10 181 640

Total 1 498 433 420 1 473 438 813 1 534 698 693 1 513 023 230 1 561 947 990

Political stability:

Stable 1 915 000 2 260 000 2 200 000 2 280 000 1 480 000
Fair 672 988 446 670 654 635 679 376 007 689 134 240 698 342 363
Unstable 736 492 634 765 484 778 816 462 726 759 922 520 804 927 477
Extreme Unstable 87 037 340 35 039 400 36 659 960 61 686 470 57 198 150

Total 1 498 433 420 1 473 438 813 1 534 698 693 1 513 023 230 1 561 947 990

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 58 238 260 47 845 110 59 815 450 56 778 660 58 181 590
ASEAN 7 956 930 9 175 030 10 577 140 8 418 920 7 052 910
BRICS 685 313 732 647 419 336 690 045 482 688 314 334 729 283 479
EC 20 498 770 21 181 540 21 147 830 19 920 770 20 236 110
EFTA 1 069 700 1 014 700 1 057 500 1 109 400 1 166 600
G7 64 098 900 61 298 300 65 169 700 63 942 500 68 131 400
MERCOSUR 257 404 732 247 049 876 269 442 192 261 504 954 276 433 789
NAFTA/USMCA 74 336 070 71 977 400 78 512 800 74 819 800 82 229 500
OECD 682 626 006 687 899 815 694 694 037 704 886 650 716 408 643
SADC 47 074 610 36 207 780 46 897 360 40 809 070 40 507 380

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 57

Chromium (Cr2O3 - Content)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 504 010 471 410 472 890 996 710 912 710
Developing C. 12 238 456 9 107 992 12 109 908 13 694 276 13 577 552
Least Developed C. 45 750 12 600 15 300 31 750 46 100
Transition C. 2 991 000 2 377 550 2 311 060 0 0

Total 15 779 216 11 969 552 14 909 158 14 722 736 14 536 362

Annual per capita income:

High Income 797 050 654 130 668 430 566 460 676 310
Upper Middle Income 12 261 606 9 239 552 11 446 338 11 731 176 11 646 822
Lower Middle Income 2 674 810 2 063 270 2 779 090 2 393 350 2 167 130
Low Income 45 750 12 600 15 300 31 750 46 100

Total 15 779 216 11 969 552 14 909 158 14 722 736 14 536 362

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 1 181 250 880 780 919 130 972 560 917 090
Unstable 12 901 116 10 930 362 13 839 658 13 520 786 13 459 202
Extreme Unstable 1 696 850 158 410 150 370 229 390 160 070

Total 15 779 216 11 969 552 14 909 158 14 722 736 14 536 362

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 8 227 090 6 128 020 8 299 880 8 456 390 8 559 350
ASEAN 14 570 14 040 12 290 34 870 40 780
BRICS 9 618 106 7 220 902 9 993 138 9 921 176 9 877 022
EC 504 010 471 410 472 890 391 410 376 390
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 0 0 0 0 0
MERCOSUR 199 256 226 762 248 108 218 626 193 532
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 2 032 710 1 558 810 1 700 790 1 533 710 1 528 590
SADC 8 141 630 6 057 960 8 234 150 8 372 200 8 486 850

Cobalt
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 12 739 11 859 10 919 20 263 18 834

Developing C. 19 459 20 384 18 337 25 587 35 207
Least Developed C. 82 832 87 740 95 369 119 051 143 434
Transition C. 9 400 9 700 8 000 0 0

Total 124 430 129 683 132 625 164 901 197 475

58 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Annual per capita income:

High Income 14 442 14 056 12 419 12 833 21 134

Upper Middle Income 17 692 16 974 14 488 24 729 24 643
Lower Middle Income 10 735 11 229 10 349 8 540 8 471
Low Income 81 561 87 424 95 369 118 799 143 227

Total 124 430 129 683 132 625 164 901 197 475

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 16 539 15 759 14 966 14 915 13 441
Unstable 29 112 27 333 24 648 34 615 44 194
Extreme Unstable 78 779 86 591 93 011 115 371 139 840

Total 124 430 129 683 132 625 164 901 197 475

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 90 976 96 434 102 777 126 099 150 470

ASEAN 4 100 4 600 5 300 13 000 21 500
BRICS 13 427 12 824 10 398 11 209 11 643
EC 1 454 1 559 1 084 1 235 1 057
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 5 539 4 669 4 603 4 034 3 760
MERCOSUR 0 27 43 9 165
NAFTA/USMCA 5 539 4 669 4 603 4 034 3 760
OECD 12 854 12 109 11 209 13 153 12 734
SADC 84 261 89 593 96 022 119 512 144 198

Manganese
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 3 268 490 3 365 950 3 290 760 3 446 000 3 135 400
Developing C. 16 357 470 14 883 004 15 970 568 16 505 328 16 768 361
Least Developed C. 445 630 281 580 297 150 326 480 322 410
Transition C. 1 093 300 1 093 400 1 019 300 0 0

Total 21 164 890 19 623 934 20 577 778 20 277 808 20 226 171

Annual per capita income:

High Income 3 280 990 3 360 700 3 280 760 3 153 700 3 068 470
Upper Middle Income 13 681 680 12 974 184 13 731 948 13 902 318 14 204 971
Lower Middle Income 4 199 440 3 288 050 3 498 760 3 216 410 2 952 130
Low Income 2 780 1 000 66 310 5 380 600

Total 21 164 890 19 623 934 20 577 778 20 277 808 20 226 171

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 59

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 5 385 640 4 406 450 4 576 160 8 082 950 3 168 760
Unstable 14 570 040 14 892 874 15 669 698 11 524 928 16 529 541
Extreme Unstable 1 209 210 324 610 331 920 669 930 527 870

Total 21 164 890 19 623 934 20 577 778 20 277 808 20 226 171

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 11 643 290 10 987 658 12 765 530 13 223 630 13 067 630
ASEAN 1 036 215 764 610 673 890 675 140 535 290
BRICS 10 183 974 9 047 089 9 485 574 9 365 304 9 817 883
EC 9 290 8 450 13 300 15 000 6 250
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 0 0 0 0 0
MERCOSUR 1 452 034 932 721 598 424 559 504 849 783
NAFTA/USMCA 232 957 258 045 225 703 220 745 225 211
OECD 3 532 057 4 181 355 3 918 103 3 674 605 3 652 011
SADC 6 484 810 6 062 228 7 163 010 7 207 010 7 148 860

Molybdenum
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 47 986 55 080 43 380 37 790 37 820

Developing C. 219 010 215 050 213 294 227 339 253 863
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 10 184 14 741 14 036 0 0

Total 277 180 284 871 270 710 265 129 291 683

Annual per capita income:

High Income 103 011 114 872 92 807 82 017 81 938

Upper Middle Income 170 349 162 732 169 824 172 947 208 682
Lower Middle Income 3 290 7 167 7 979 9 545 713
Low Income 530 100 100 620 350

Total 277 180 284 871 270 710 265 129 291 683

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 105 501 117 762 95 782 84 797 83 388
Unstable 167 519 163 573 170 778 174 352 200 395
Extreme Unstable 4 160 3 536 4 150 5 980 7 900

Total 277 180 284 871 270 710 265 129 291 683

60 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 106 659 97 677 104 291 108 950 122 700
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 1 1 1 1 0
G7 47 985 55 079 42 971 35 746 35 171
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 69 679 75 656 62 865 55 075 63 484
OECD 124 705 135 449 112 701 101 346 109 051
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Nickel
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 404 932 405 787 376 444 570 033 547 518
Developing C. 1 999 408 1 809 825 2 221 502 2 618 416 3 091 646
Least Developed C. 50 436 34 668 51 057 49 283 50 083
Transition C. 240 120 244 910 210 925 0 0

Total 2 694 896 2 495 190 2 859 928 3 237 732 3 689 247

Annual per capita income:

High Income 613 117 605 162 562 728 542 214 780 313
Upper Middle Income 1 647 978 639 248 612 170 2 224 706 2 379 023
Lower Middle Income 400 065 1 240 872 1 652 073 435 075 493 826
Low Income 33 736 9 908 32 957 35 737 36 085

Total 2 694 896 2 495 190 2 859 928 3 237 732 3 689 247

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 481 342 477 552 456 025 420 002 400 481
Unstable 2 194 614 1 995 638 2 385 803 2 808 130 3 283 666
Extreme Unstable 18 940 22 000 18 100 9 600 5 100

Total 2 694 896 2 495 190 2 859 928 3 237 732 3 689 247

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 213 038 185 940 210 891 217 111 218 706
ASEAN 1 373 725 1 167 611 1 577 659 1 948 200 2 425 000
BRICS 437 678 445 053 414 536 443 703 423 848
EC 56 525 51 409 47 673 47 451 42 691
EFTA 135 120 350 190 220
G7 189 521 184 914 177 545 139 615 143 637
MERCOSUR 55 761 68 097 75 988 79 370 72 398
NAFTA/USMCA 189 521 184 914 177 545 139 615 143 637
OECD 409 672 486 687 458 494 630 734 667 643
SADC 96 597 64 056 81 018 82 976 91 467

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 61

Niobium (Nb2O5-Content)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 6 800 6 400 7 650 7 349 7 205

Developing C. 126 831 85 682 112 925 109 472 109 748
Least Developed C. 671 809 686 884 922
Transition C. 659 617 648 0 0

Total 134 961 93 508 121 909 117 705 117 875

Annual per capita income:

High Income 6 800 6 400 7 650 6 800 7 205

Upper Middle Income 127 320 86 219 113 433 109 876 109 563
Lower Middle Income 170 80 140 145 185
Low Income 671 809 686 884 922

Total 134 961 93 508 121 909 117 705 117 875

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 7 005 6 560 7 810 6 995 7 010
Unstable 127 334 86 271 113 442 109 879 110 069
Extreme Unstable 622 677 657 831 796

Total 134 961 93 508 121 909 117 705 117 875

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 841 889 826 1 029 1 107

ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 127 320 86 219 113 433 109 876 110 068
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 6 800 6 400 7 650 6 800 6 700
MERCOSUR 126 641 85 572 112 755 109 287 109 520
NAFTA/USMCA 6 800 6 400 7 650 6 800 6 700
OECD 6 800 6 400 7 650 6 800 6 700
SADC 444 582 489 661 576

Tantalum (Ta2O5-Content)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 98 66 89 103 108

Developing C. 607 569 692 599 671
Least Developed C. 908 1 010 940 1 229 1 331
Transition C. 32 60 39 0 0

Total 1 645 1 705 1 760 1 931 2 110

62 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Annual per capita income:

High Income 98 66 89 79 108

Upper Middle Income 509 541 570 470 480
Lower Middle Income 130 88 161 153 191
Low Income 908 1 010 940 1 229 1 331

Total 1 645 1 705 1 760 1 931 2 110

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 415 307 335 383 553
Unstable 592 577 606 491 535
Extreme Unstable 638 821 819 1 057 1 022

Total 1 645 1 705 1 760 1 931 2 110

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 1 028 1 090 1 100 1 379 1 521

ASEAN 2 1 1 4 4
BRICS 507 540 569 466 510
EC 18 16 19 19 24
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 0 0 0 0 0
MERCOSUR 340 300 350 350 380
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 98 66 89 79 74
SADC 519 694 580 817 712

Titanium (TiO2-Content)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 1 641 745 1 640 580 1 637 130 1 851 440 1 658 970
Developing C. 4 239 824 4 712 719 4 525 681 4 920 871 4 865 165
Least Developed C. 1 485 310 1 582 270 1 941 290 2 129 748 2 520 750
Transition C. 627 650 568 730 512 100 0 0

Total 7 994 529 8 504 299 8 616 201 8 902 059 9 044 885

Annual per capita income:

High Income 1 804 535 1 798 920 1 637 130 1 690 240 1 511 270
Upper Middle Income 3 534 154 3 967 859 3 875 236 4 300 941 4 532 620
Lower Middle Income 1 451 560 1 446 990 1 472 855 1 066 128 720 205
Low Income 1 204 280 1 290 530 1 630 980 1 844 750 2 280 790

Total 7 994 529 8 504 299 8 616 201 8 902 059 9 044 885

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 63

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 2 205 175 1 805 200 1 650 600 1 711 420 1 522 880
Unstable 5 214 294 5 820 099 5 831 941 5 624 869 5 510 605
Extreme Unstable 575 060 879 000 1 133 660 1 565 770 2 011 400

Total 7 994 529 8 504 299 8 616 201 8 902 059 9 044 885

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 2 811 970 2 788 680 3 095 500 3 456 738 3 714 830
ASEAN 119 674 146 124 169 506 177 391 130 100
BRICS 3 661 350 4 132 540 4 062 150 4 404 900 4 490 210
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 211 280 229 780 295 610 252 990 290 660
G7 650 000 580 000 540 000 740 000 570 000
MERCOSUR 81 650 61 940 75 100 53 000 79 220
NAFTA/USMCA 650 000 580 000 540 000 740 000 570 000
OECD 1 810 665 1 805 375 1 644 210 1 697 100 1 507 280
SADC 2 103 100 2 104 600 2 381 600 2 733 500 3 148 300

Tungsten (W-Content)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 1 854 1 787 2 263 3 780 4 100

Developing C. 82 725 79 611 82 569 80 060 77 778
Least Developed C. 1 747 1 359 1 844 1 921 1 907
Transition C. 2 533 2 334 2 183 0 0

Total 88 859 85 091 88 859 85 761 83 785

Annual per capita income:

High Income 1 854 1 787 2 263 1 934 4 100

Upper Middle Income 77 726 74 075 71 212 67 878 66 670
Lower Middle Income 6 532 7 540 13 530 12 538 9 538
Low Income 2 747 1 689 1 854 3 411 3 477

Total 88 859 85 091 88 859 85 761 83 785

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 8 160 2 812 3 928 3 780 4 044
Unstable 80 144 81 899 84 633 81 751 79 267
Extreme Unstable 555 380 298 230 474

Total 88 859 85 091 88 859 85 761 83 785

64 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 1 669 1 327 1 836 1 961 1 903

ASEAN 4 968 6 107 11 833 10 907 7 962
BRICS 77 689 73 986 71 104 67 768 68 014
EC 1 824 1 687 2 103 1 754 1 930
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 0 0 0 0 0
MERCOSUR 306 262 301 302 284
NAFTA/USMCA 15 32 50 50 50
OECD 1 869 1 819 2 313 1 984 2 400
SADC 297 146 122 166 418

Vanadium (V-Content)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 460 17 0 21 000 20 000

Developing C. 79 883 86 226 90 211 94 271 96 825
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 18 380 19 533 20 058 0 0

Total 98 723 105 776 110 269 115 271 116 825

Annual per capita income:

High Income 460 17 0 0 20 000

Upper Middle Income 98 187 105 659 110 169 115 221 96 775
Lower Middle Income 76 100 100 50 50
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 98 723 105 776 110 269 115 271 116 825

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 460 17 0 0 0
Unstable 98 263 105 759 110 269 115 271 116 825
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 98 723 105 776 110 269 115 271 116 825

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 8 062 8 584 8 799 8 872 8 667

ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 98 263 105 759 110 269 115 271 116 825
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 460 17 0 0 0
MERCOSUR 7 045 7 582 7 212 7 249 6 508
NAFTA/USMCA 460 17 0 0 0
OECD 460 17 0 0 0
SADC 8 062 8 584 8 799 8 872 8 667

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 65

6.3.2 Non-Ferrous Metals

Aluminium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 9 986 053 10 117 338 10 087 696 13 453 067 13 178 340
Developing C. 48 282 385 50 371 450 52 414 599 54 777 103 56 965 107
Least Developed C. 564 756 571 125 564 756 587 200 516 484
Transition C. 4 397 007 4 344 233 4 414 512 0 0

Total 63 230 201 65 404 146 67 481 563 68 817 370 70 659 931

Annual per capita income:

High Income 15 723 534 15 723 864 15 767 886 15 123 326 18 919 211
Upper Middle Income 42 803 164 44 394 140 45 992 590 48 017 702 46 610 593
Lower Middle Income 4 037 947 4 715 017 5 156 331 5 089 142 4 613 643
Low Income 665 556 571 125 564 756 587 200 516 484

Total 63 230 201 65 404 146 67 481 563 68 817 370 70 659 931

Political stability:

Stable 1 034 097 1 025 303 1 028 992 335 871 333 869
Fair 13 389 301 13 643 630 13 944 492 13 563 786 13 403 536
Unstable 48 391 587 49 667 967 51 313 968 53 644 333 55 728 890
Extreme Unstable 415 216 1 067 246 1 194 111 1 273 380 1 193 636

Total 63 230 201 65 404 146 67 481 563 68 817 370 70 659 931

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 1 394 614 1 387 341 1 365 295 1 423 562 1 342 978
ASEAN 993 457 1 200 789 1 101 577 1 183 774 1 164 930
BRICS 44 258 289 46 030 537 47 914 400 49 731 000 51 871 900
EC 2 090 562 2 024 431 1 987 871 1 318 847 1 046 474
EFTA 1 994 616 2 031 319 2 126 040 2 154 965 2 074 133
G7 4 928 987 5 127 083 5 030 256 4 667 374 4 600 335
MERCOSUR 1 098 634 1 004 900 1 148 279 1 219 368 1 472 633
NAFTA/USMCA 3 979 803 4 145 327 4 044 550 3 906 236 4 024 901
OECD 9 783 827 9 925 631 9 873 497 9 147 448 8 949 659
SADC 1 281 756 1 288 125 1 278 756 1 305 200 1 232 484

66 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Antimony
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 2 034 3 905 3 382 6 685 34 335

Developing C. 76 164 67 784 51 568 73 134 66 575
Least Developed C. 4 870 6 600 3 110 3 480 2 840
Transition C. 51 591 42 022 34 310 0 0

Total 134 659 120 311 92 370 83 299 103 750

Annual per capita income:

High Income 2 034 3 905 3 382 2 294 34 335

Upper Middle Income 94 677 81 683 56 303 55 142 47 372
Lower Middle Income 8 048 34 723 32 685 25 863 22 043
Low Income 29 900 0 0 0 0

Total 134 659 120 311 92 370 83 299 103 750

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 2 500 3 905 3 622 2 544 2 340
Unstable 123 214 108 724 83 885 73 635 97 455
Extreme Unstable 8 945 7 682 4 863 7 120 3 955

Total 134 659 120 311 92 370 83 299 103 750

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 5 266 6 912 3 378 3 997 3 234
BRICS 90 093 78 527 51 230 43 391 73 475
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 2 2 2 2 0
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 291 138 415 634 576
OECD 6 138 6 611 8 005 13 566 6 252
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Arsenic
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 1 045 1 040 1 040 1 540 1 540

Developing C. 54 096 50 758 53 860 55 864 62 862
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 102 500 800 0 0

Total 55 243 52 298 55 700 57 404 64 402

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 67

Annual per capita income:

High Income 1 045 1 040 1 040 1 040 1 540

Upper Middle Income 49 017 43 514 47 677 50 879 55 162
Lower Middle Income 5 181 7 744 6 983 5 485 7 700
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 55 243 52 298 55 700 57 404 64 402

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 1 045 1 040 40 40 40
Unstable 54 198 51 258 55 660 57 364 64 362
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 55 243 52 298 55 700 57 404 64 402

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 24 102 24 500 25 800 25 500 24 500
EC 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 45 40 40 40 40
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 1 045 1 040 1 040 1 040 1 040
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Bauxite (crude ore)

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 109 092 037 105 209 462 104 651 103 109 620 133 108 158 587
Developing C. 168 718 283 171 721 695 170 775 898 184 154 880 157 980 910
Least Developed C. 73 299 243 89 982 714 88 881 229 104 491 361 124 763 099
Transition C. 12 577 468 12 116 361 12 137 129 0 0

Total 363 687 031 379 030 232 376 445 359 398 266 374 390 902 596

Annual per capita income:

High Income 114 219 037 110 437 389 110 300 103 108 435 633 113 507 646
Upper Middle Income 149 434 254 126 181 933 123 425 969 155 754 970 124 346 455
Lower Middle Income 27 968 527 53 296 081 53 876 200 133 150 844 151 689 306
Low Income 72 065 213 89 114 829 88 843 087 924 927 1 359 189

Total 363 687 031 379 030 232 376 445 359 398 266 374 390 902 596

68 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 125 847 524 115 363 767 111 559 262 107 091 971 107 582 739
Unstable 234 612 303 262 516 602 263 874 800 289 377 992 282 383 303
Extreme Unstable 3 227 204 1 149 863 1 011 297 1 796 411 936 554

Total 363 687 031 379 030 232 376 445 359 398 266 374 390 902 596

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 85 365 161 99 580 877 96 360 263 110 481 681 132 064 400
ASEAN 21 193 301 30 064 610 29 928 764 32 838 499 14 541 481
BRICS 133 727 827 129 925 348 130 465 836 136 465 100 127 777 286
EC 1 514 225 1 566 211 1 384 699 1 309 068 1 109 598
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 275 660 139 936 142 764 130 580 168 230
MERCOSUR 31 987 900 32 897 800 33 386 875 32 378 694 32 932 491
NAFTA/USMCA 154 900 16 440 0 12 580 48 230
OECD 111 333 175 107 876 948 107 451 474 105 522 449 103 244 113
SADC 8 024 32 486 45 994 55 504 66 834

Beryllium (concentrates)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 4 050 4 160 4 380 4 330 4 590

Developing C. 1 760 1 762 1 760 2 032 2 124
Least Developed C. 117 318 421 613 928
Transition C. 0 0 0 0 0

Total 5 927 6 240 6 561 6 975 7 642

Annual per capita income:

High Income 4 050 4 160 4 380 4 330 4 590

Upper Middle Income 1 759 1 760 1 760 1 860 1 935
Lower Middle Income 8 4 0 179 195
Low Income 110 316 421 606 922

Total 5 927 6 240 6 561 6 975 7 642

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 4 070 4 180 4 406 4 357 4 616
Unstable 1 856 1 978 1 825 1 915 1 955
Extreme Unstable 1 82 330 703 1 071

Total 5 927 6 240 6 561 6 975 7 642

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 69

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 118 320 421 785 1 117

ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 1 759 1 760 1 760 1 860 1 935
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 4 050 4 160 4 380 4 330 4 590
MERCOSUR 9 10 10 10 10
NAFTA/USMCA 4 050 4 160 4 380 4 330 4 590
OECD 4 050 4 160 4 380 4 330 4 590
SADC 82 112 366 558 908

Bismuth
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 544 574 478 480 500

Developing C. 8 241 8 622 10 341 9 796 9 610
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 248 317 297 0 0

Total 9 033 9 513 11 116 10 276 10 110

Annual per capita income:

High Income 544 574 478 480 500

Upper Middle Income 7 570 7 889 8 542 7 852 8 404
Lower Middle Income 919 1 050 2 096 1 944 1 206
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 9 033 9 513 11 116 10 276 10 110

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 1 461 574 478 480 500
Unstable 7 572 8 939 10 638 9 796 9 610
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 9 033 9 513 11 116 10 276 10 110

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 917 993 2 067 1 938 1 148
BRICS 7 046 7 545 8 045 7 500 8 000
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 544 574 478 480 500
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 255 4 0 0 0
OECD 795 574 478 480 500
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

70 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Cadmium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 6 285 6 789 10 672 10 654 11 791

Developing C. 16 354 15 825 11 887 11 957 12 435
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 2 450 2 926 2 969 0 0

Total 25 089 25 540 25 528 22 611 24 226

Annual per capita income:

High Income 9 920 10 578 10 329 9 434 11 791

Upper Middle Income 14 769 14 362 14 579 12 574 11 815
Lower Middle Income 250 450 470 453 470
Low Income 150 150 150 150 150

Total 25 089 25 540 25 528 22 611 24 226

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 10 235 10 889 10 672 9 749 10 889
Unstable 14 854 14 651 14 856 12 862 13 337
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 25 089 25 540 25 528 22 611 24 226

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 11 450 11 076 11 049 9 625 10 002
EC 1 994 2 176 1 939 1 189 1 144
EFTA 370 344 390 420 420
G7 4 337 4 391 4 391 4 112 4 037
MERCOSUR 530 146 50 20 100
NAFTA/USMCA 2 886 2 989 3 092 3 186 3 196
OECD 10 872 11 556 11 380 10 608 11 604
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Copper
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 3 609 781 3 510 480 3 347 414 4 500 396 4 338 610
Developing C. 12 627 396 12 859 345 13 335 519 14 243 839 14 452 885
Least Developed C. 2 664 817 2 931 610 2 931 671 3 269 538 3 667 478
Transition C. 1 731 418 1 778 922 1 834 959 0 0

Total 20 633 412 21 080 357 21 449 563 22 013 773 22 458 973

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 71

Annual per capita income:

High Income 9 497 031 9 202 210 9 265 234 8 990 291 9 729 144
Upper Middle Income 7 719 257 7 418 972 7 470 701 8 725 512 8 618 020
Lower Middle Income 1 929 492 2 722 486 1 936 673 1 884 242 1 250 192
Low Income 1 487 632 1 736 689 2 776 955 2 413 728 2 861 617

Total 20 633 412 21 080 357 21 449 563 22 013 773 22 458 973

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 10 032 703 9 849 305 10 496 946 10 221 147 9 950 441
Unstable 8 519 893 8 995 065 8 597 825 9 065 155 9 332 018
Extreme Unstable 2 080 816 2 235 987 2 354 792 2 727 471 3 176 514

Total 20 633 412 21 080 357 21 449 563 22 013 773 22 458 973

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 2 505 093 2 803 851 2 950 546 3 421 338 3 854 988
ASEAN 812 487 881 949 952 928 1 080 107 1 056 710
BRICS 2 940 204 3 282 952 3 316 841 3 214 296 3 198 078
EC 867 382 860 748 807 012 802 103 778 186
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 1 817 282 1 781 750 1 739 410 1 739 126 1 614 623
MERCOSUR 363 268 353 258 335 923 297 653 376 338
NAFTA/USMCA 2 530 946 2 582 029 2 521 486 2 567 248 2 393 391
OECD 10 060 062 10 043 528 9 758 484 9 521 270 9 202 907
SADC 2 335 226 2 658 739 2 828 732 3 297 492 3 715 797

Gallium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 3 3 5 10 12
Developing C. 358 292 420 606 701
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 13 9 6 0 0

Total 374 304 431 616 713

Annual per capita income:

High Income 5 5 5 5 12
Upper Middle Income 364 295 425 611 701
Lower Middle Income 5 4 1 0 0
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 374 304 431 616 713

72 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 5 5 5 5 6
Unstable 364 299 426 611 707
Extreme Unstable 5 0 0

Total 374 304 431 616 713

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 364 295 425 611 707
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 3 3 3 3 3
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 5 5 5 5 6
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Germanium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 4 4 4 9 9
Developing C. 85 86 132 130 154
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 6 6 6 0 0

Total 95 96 142 139 163

Annual per capita income:

High Income 4 4 4 4 9
Upper Middle Income 90 91 137 135 154
Lower Middle Income 1 1 1 0 0
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 95 96 142 139 163

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 4 4 4 4 4
Unstable 90 92 138 135 159
Extreme Unstable 1 0 0

Total 95 96 142 139 163

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 73

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 90 91 137 135 159
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 4 4 4 4 4
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 2 2 2 2 2
OECD 4 4 4 4 4
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Indium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 189 187 358 329 331

Developing C. 722 745 547 668 647
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 7 12 12 0 0

Total 918 944 917 997 978

Annual per capita income:

High Income 414 397 358 323 331

Upper Middle Income 503 546 558 673 646
Lower Middle Income 1 1 1 1 1
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 918 944 917 997 978

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 414 397 338 304 306
Unstable 504 547 579 693 672
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 918 944 917 997 978

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 496 539 551 673 652
EC 58 60 58 38 40
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 169 167 148 124 126
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 61 61 44 39 40
OECD 414 397 358 323 325
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

74 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Lead
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 1 001 919 1 003 850 970 392 1 178 785 1 195 803
Developing C. 3 455 000 3 313 485 3 227 018 3 494 427 3 486 146
Least Developed C. 35 340 28 890 18 620 17 800 22 650
Transition C. 403 790 346 552 381 518 0 0

Total 4 896 049 4 692 777 4 597 548 4 691 012 4 704 599

Annual per capita income:

High Income 980 506 985 726 948 664 865 458 1 130 048
Upper Middle Income 3 395 283 3 124 633 3 002 057 3 163 477 3 040 397
Lower Middle Income 442 540 558 418 621 827 637 077 509 154
Low Income 77 720 24 000 25 000 25 000 25 000

Total 4 896 049 4 692 777 4 597 548 4 691 012 4 704 599

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 1 075 906 1 060 169 1 039 112 945 740 971 898
Unstable 3 620 143 3 496 614 3 418 659 3 562 486 3 558 613
Extreme Unstable 200 000 135 994 139 777 182 786 174 088

Total 4 896 049 4 692 777 4 597 548 4 691 012 4 704 599

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 108 806 87 038 116 854 137 614 127 761
ASEAN 57 290 48 280 36 155 43 492 46 885
BRICS 2 550 631 2 392 379 2 438 371 2 442 088 2 462 908
EC 212 326 208 809 188 995 181 080 172 841
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 288 758 300 870 294 380 268 536 265 100
MERCOSUR 35 483 18 951 23 405 26 903 46 017
NAFTA/USMCA 660 714 769 256 566 511 697 407 638 609
OECD 1 412 862 1 524 862 1 302 065 1 366 559 1 332 197
SADC 49 256 36 938 41 354 52 214 51 261

Lithium (Li2O-Content)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 109 060 90 800 118 480 158 872 211 371
Developing C. 83 005 96 155 116 200 194 303 288 513
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 20 70
Transition C. 43 45 46 0 0

Total 192 108 187 000 234 726 353 195 499 954

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 75

Annual per capita income:

High Income 154 000 140 530 183 540 269 190 324 571
Upper Middle Income 35 288 45 530 49 086 80 005 140 103
Lower Middle Income 2 820 940 2 100 4 000 35 267
Low Income 0 0 0 0 13

Total 192 108 187 000 234 726 353 195 499 954

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 154 000 140 530 196 410 269 190 324 541
Unstable 38 098 46 470 38 296 83 815 174 483
Extreme Unstable 10 0 20 190 930

Total 192 108 187 000 234 726 353 195 499 954

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 2 660 860 1 690 3 750 34 900

ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 21 618 32 910 36 216 65 795 121 523
EC 710 280 225 210 380
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 2 650 1 220 4 655 8 330 6 761
MERCOSUR 16 245 16 685 18 540 22 073 33 803
NAFTA/USMCA 2 650 1 220 4 655 8 330 6 761
OECD 154 000 140 530 183 540 269 190 324 541
SADC 2 650 860 1 670 3 560 33 957

Mercury
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 15 15 15 25 45
Developing C. 2 148 2 065 1 442 990 1 018
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 161 228 353 0 0

Total 2 324 2 308 1 810 1 015 1 063

Annual per capita income:

High Income 15 15 15 15 45
Upper Middle Income 2 196 2 093 1 470 667 710
Lower Middle Income 22 200 325 333 308
Low Income 91 0 0 0 0

Total 2 324 2 308 1 810 1 015 1 063

76 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 15 15 15 15 15
Unstable 2 309 2 293 1 795 1 000 1 048
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 2 324 2 308 1 810 1 015 1 063

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 2 096 2 023 1 430 647 730
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 15 15 15 15 15
MERCOSUR 50 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 65 85 55 35 25
OECD 65 85 55 35 25
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Rare Earth Minerals (REO-Content)

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 45 280 57 943 64 383 62 197 63 801

Developing C. 135 270 143 690 171 710 216 170 260 670
Least Developed C. 20 495 25 596 31 134 21 050 60 850
Transition C. 2 620 2 663 2 276 0 0

Total 203 665 229 892 269 503 299 417 385 321

Annual per capita income:

High Income 45 280 57 943 64 383 60 159 63 801

Upper Middle Income 135 070 143 123 170 886 213 928 256 580
Lower Middle Income 19 920 24 230 30 200 21 830 60 940
Low Income 3 395 4 596 4 034 3 500 4 000

Total 203 665 229 892 269 503 299 417 385 321

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 45 650 57 953 64 413 60 469 62 137
Unstable 140 720 150 613 177 756 221 018 265 944
Extreme Unstable 17 295 21 326 27 334 17 930 57 240

Total 203 665 229 892 269 503 299 417 385 321

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 77

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 3 395 4 626 4 134 3 880 4 390

ASEAN 17 470 21 710 28 130 19 160 58 250
BRICS 137 520 145 613 172 856 216 218 260 844
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 27 620 38 503 42 413 42 499 41 557
MERCOSUR 380 450 580 1 580 1 280
NAFTA/USMCA 27 620 38 503 42 413 42 499 41 557
OECD 45 280 57 943 64 383 60 159 61 837
SADC 3 200 4 300 3 900 3 500 4 000

Rhenium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
kg kg kg kg kg

Development status:

Developed C. 14 130 15 410 15 691 15 237 17 901

Developing C. 26 503 17 049 21 331 36 393 55 014
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 3 110 3 845 3 801 0 0

Total 43 743 36 304 40 823 51 630 72 915

Annual per capita income:

High Income 38 133 29 959 34 522 45 540 68 655

Upper Middle Income 4 810 5 760 5 670 5 440 3 590
Lower Middle Income 800 585 631 650 670
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 43 743 36 304 40 823 51 630 72 915

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 38 133 29 959 34 522 45 540 66 655
Unstable 5 610 6 345 6 301 6 090 6 260
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 43 743 36 304 40 823 51 630 72 915

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 3 500 4 500 4 500 4 500 4 650
EC 5 770 6 580 6 401 4 367 6 491
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 8 360 8 830 9 290 8 870 9 410
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 8 360 8 830 9 290 8 870 9 410
OECD 38 133 29 959 34 522 45 540 66 655
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

78 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Selenium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 1 730 1 635 1 606 1 874 1 886

Developing C. 1 648 1 517 1 886 1 955 2 107
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 253 245 324 0 0

Total 3 631 3 397 3 816 3 829 3 993

Annual per capita income:

High Income 1 828 1 753 1 689 1 766 1 979

Upper Middle Income 1 656 1 484 1 817 1 808 1 659
Lower Middle Income 147 160 310 255 355
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 3 631 3 397 3 816 3 829 3 993

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 1 828 1 753 1 489 1 566 1 529
Unstable 1 803 1 644 2 327 2 263 2 464
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 3 631 3 397 3 816 3 829 3 993

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 100 100 200 200 300
BRICS 1 460 1 335 1 650 1 620 1 670
EC 744 727 717 732 716
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 1 286 1 208 1 189 1 232 1 210
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 373 274 304 363 369
OECD 1 955 1 859 1 824 1 907 1 868
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Tellurium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 109 141 147 178 189

Developing C. 380 260 530 503 503
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 40 58 65 0 0

Total 529 459 742 681 692

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 79

Annual per capita income:

High Income 106 137 144 135 189

Upper Middle Income 421 319 593 543 500
Lower Middle Income 2 3 5 3 3
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 529 459 742 681 692

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 109 141 147 138 139
Unstable 420 318 595 543 553
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 529 459 742 681 692

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 418 315 590 540 550
EC 44 46 44 36 37
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 65 95 103 102 102
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 15 25 35 34 37
OECD 106 137 144 135 138
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Tin
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 7 947 8 337 9 087 12 883 13 826

Developing C. 230 539 215 915 198 087 209 055 210 184
Least Developed C. 53 376 50 896 53 115 65 649 64 796
Transition C. 2 471 2 559 3 317 0 0

Total 294 333 277 707 263 606 287 587 288 806

Annual per capita income:

High Income 7 947 8 337 9 087 9 376 13 826

Upper Middle Income 202 860 137 936 132 591 178 511 174 709
Lower Middle Income 69 598 114 613 103 811 76 085 78 531
Low Income 13 928 16 821 18 117 23 615 21 740

Total 294 333 277 707 263 606 287 587 288 806

80 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 20 966 14 172 15 753 17 721 18 915
Unstable 216 434 209 334 191 163 200 606 201 801
Extreme Unstable 56 933 54 201 56 690 69 260 68 090

Total 294 333 277 707 263 606 287 587 288 806

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 20 853 23 068 25 657 32 892 30 612

ASEAN 125 548 97 047 80 343 109 345 106 285
BRICS 102 934 113 666 101 885 90 084 96 714
EC 209 219 315 375 404
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 0 0 0 0 0
MERCOSUR 14 867 16 634 15 410 19 176 25 121
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 7 947 8 570 9 087 9 376 10 256
SADC 11 015 14 947 16 400 21 357 19 652

Zinc
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 3 135 014 3 063 960 2 986 413 3 250 144 2 991 586
Developing C. 8 832 715 8 645 312 8 840 470 9 301 429 9 385 772
Least Developed C. 244 477 228 395 241 490 186 337 144 230
Transition C. 778 292 760 260 788 249 0 0

Total 12 990 498 12 697 927 12 856 622 12 737 910 12 521 588

Annual per capita income:

High Income 3 152 844 3 106 042 3 016 628 2 908 788 2 979 895
Upper Middle Income 8 012 197 7 699 285 7 739 109 7 675 588 7 750 099
Lower Middle Income 1 492 060 1 651 375 1 842 995 1 968 547 1 635 444
Low Income 333 397 241 225 257 890 184 987 156 150

Total 12 990 498 12 697 927 12 856 622 12 737 910 12 521 588

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 3 398 051 3 281 647 3 171 836 3 103 205 2 850 534
Unstable 9 159 875 9 112 791 9 399 796 9 283 828 9 360 288
Extreme Unstable 432 572 303 489 284 990 350 877 310 766

Total 12 990 498 12 697 927 12 856 622 12 737 910 12 521 588

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 81

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 570 741 527 112 559 171 548 708 495 678
ASEAN 53 145 43 710 37 080 55 557 49 441
BRICS 5 496 180 5 409 938 5 565 998 5 560 883 5 695 060
EC 775 340 779 055 729 676 701 747 639 219
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 1 022 353 969 995 933 671 943 256 876 507
MERCOSUR 178 279 182 632 166 101 159 070 203 610
NAFTA/USMCA 1 881 547 1 978 247 1 676 597 1 820 241 1 620 792
OECD 4 130 308 4 227 904 3 917 344 3 945 913 3 550 540
SADC 251 394 238 381 251 044 276 334 244 572

6.3.3 Precious Metals

Gold
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
kg kg kg kg kg

Development status:

Developed C. 762 048 744 423 737 740 1 016 800 1 019 163
Developing C. 1 636 623 1 474 090 1 454 328 1 849 103 1 845 595
Least Developed C. 352 623 409 471 449 437 431 561 401 660
Transition C. 562 555 574 756 579 151 0 0

Total 3 313 849 3 202 740 3 220 656 3 297 464 3 266 418

Annual per capita income:

High Income 807 510 781 864 777 352 760 592 1 077 867
Upper Middle Income 1 613 456 1 465 026 1 446 205 1 564 134 1 270 934
Lower Middle Income 608 696 628 743 629 495 724 110 685 634
Low Income 284 187 327 107 367 604 248 628 231 983

Total 3 313 849 3 202 740 3 220 656 3 297 464 3 266 418

Political stability:

Stable 8 217 5 860 5 815 6 674 6 844

Fair 1 049 435 989 102 986 491 840 013 814 250
Unstable 2 023 202 2 041 125 2 042 519 2 273 117 2 293 502
Extreme Unstable 232 995 166 653 185 831 177 660 151 822

Total 3 313 849 3 202 740 3 220 656 3 297 464 3 266 418

82 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 823 096 814 404 819 519 822 872 801 204
ASEAN 138 752 95 463 111 383 142 327 141 405
BRICS 882 195 869 730 845 892 859 637 872 909
EC 29 230 31 865 34 391 29 776 30 579
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 399 094 378 784 389 807 367 559 365 314
MERCOSUR 152 213 142 858 140 097 145 002 134 410
NAFTA/USMCA 526 609 513 943 516 831 510 093 492 877
OECD 965 577 1 040 763 1 033 697 1 008 990 1 006 210
SADC 232 137 215 946 245 561 227 995 234 369

Palladium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
kg kg kg kg kg

Development status:

Developed C. 37 345 26 734 30 578 107 021 112 700

Developing C. 93 624 80 454 98 255 88 432 92 835
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 93 038 82 181 83 940 0 0

Total 224 007 189 369 212 773 195 453 205 535

Annual per capita income:

High Income 37 345 26 734 30 578 26 041 112 675

Upper Middle Income 174 994 149 654 169 416 155 384 76 943
Lower Middle Income 11 668 12 981 12 779 14 028 15 917
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 224 007 189 369 212 773 195 453 205 535

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 37 345 26 734 30 578 26 041 28 695
Unstable 186 662 162 635 182 195 169 412 176 840
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 224 007 189 369 212 773 195 453 205 535

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 92 324 79 154 96 955 87 039 90 775

ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 174 894 149 554 169 276 155 274 160 898
EC 704 862 1 040 964 767
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 36 251 25 452 29 158 24 687 27 518
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 36 251 25 452 29 158 24 687 27 518
OECD 37 345 26 734 30 578 26 041 28 695
SADC 92 324 79 154 96 955 87 039 90 775

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 83

Platinum
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
kg kg kg kg kg

Development status:

Developed C. 14 841 10 446 9 814 27 490 30 852

Developing C. 149 544 129 950 159 476 144 244 147 943
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 22 440 21 762 19 870 0 0

Total 186 825 162 158 189 160 171 734 178 795

Annual per capita income:

High Income 14 841 10 446 9 814 8 820 30 847

Upper Middle Income 158 127 136 708 164 614 146 454 128 768
Lower Middle Income 13 857 15 004 14 732 16 460 19 180
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 186 825 162 158 189 160 171 734 178 795

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 14 841 10 446 9 814 8 820 10 197
Unstable 171 984 151 712 179 346 162 914 168 598
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 186 825 162 158 189 160 171 734 178 795

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 146 846 126 997 156 358 140 861 144 050
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 157 919 136 233 163 966 145 861 148 520
EC 961 1 283 1 452 1 248 939
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 13 785 9 063 8 272 7 472 9 158
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 13 785 9 063 8 272 7 472 9 158
OECD 14 841 10 899 10 432 9 403 11 090
SADC 146 846 126 997 156 358 140 861 144 050

Rhodium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
kg kg kg kg kg

Development status:

Developed C. 850 500 550 2 405 2 614

Developing C. 20 769 18 340 22 209 20 148 20 221
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 2 115 1 800 1 650 0 0

Total 23 734 20 640 24 409 22 553 22 835

84 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Annual per capita income:

High Income 850 500 550 600 2 614

Upper Middle Income 21 660 18 772 22 525 20 492 18 549
Lower Middle Income 1 224 1 368 1 334 1 461 1 672
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 23 734 20 640 24 409 22 553 22 835

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 850 500 550 600 434
Unstable 22 884 20 140 23 859 21 953 22 401
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 23 734 20 640 24 409 22 553 22 835

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 20 769 18 340 22 209 20 148 20 221

ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 21 660 18 772 22 525 20 492 20 729
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 850 500 550 600 434
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 850 500 550 600 434
OECD 850 500 550 600 434
SADC 20 769 18 340 22 209 20 148 20 221

Silver
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
kg kg kg kg kg

Development status:

Developed C. 4 697 778 4 713 033 4 731 613 6 075 757 5 913 301
Developing C. 20 510 558 18 890 895 18 970 023 20 462 964 20 630 112
Least Developed C. 106 697 127 168 123 640 104 118 99 732
Transition C. 2 817 482 2 785 931 2 829 576 0 0

Total 28 132 515 26 517 027 26 654 852 26 642 839 26 643 145

Annual per capita income:

High Income 6 013 929 6 246 383 6 145 016 5 809 485 7 230 205
Upper Middle Income 19 438 123 17 324 630 17 257 666 17 968 930 16 419 164
Lower Middle Income 2 560 557 2 812 198 3 116 162 2 747 943 2 879 253
Low Income 119 906 133 816 136 008 116 481 114 523

Total 28 132 515 26 517 027 26 654 852 26 642 839 26 643 145

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 85

Political stability:

Stable 4 060 1 393 3 055 3 922 5 554

Fair 6 281 034 6 550 413 7 237 493 6 047 398 5 896 168
Unstable 21 516 661 19 872 701 19 321 817 20 494 953 20 645 946
Extreme Unstable 330 760 92 520 92 487 96 566 95 477

Total 28 132 515 26 517 027 26 654 852 26 642 839 26 643 145

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 413 729 367 272 338 633 329 904 375 340
ASEAN 554 296 392 177 355 116 379 427 365 633
BRICS 5 716 243 5 675 143 5 834 698 5 848 958 5 832 833
EC 1 984 803 1 976 588 2 064 033 1 997 126 2 037 535
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 1 387 956 1 401 808 1 330 806 1 312 197 1 270 777
MERCOSUR 1 120 670 835 517 914 770 956 790 912 830
NAFTA/USMCA 8 865 961 8 818 070 7 813 289 8 368 526 8 538 363
OECD 13 680 684 13 782 552 12 741 114 12 960 876 12 990 937
SADC 81 118 63 747 68 777 100 645 120 959

6.3.4 Industrial Minerals

Asbestos
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 0 0 0 629 000 598 000

Developing C. 137 205 197 057 302 256 629 165 640 640
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 1 000 300 935 211 1 000 100 0 0

Total 1 137 505 1 132 268 1 302 356 1 258 165 1 238 640

Annual per capita income:

High Income 0 0 0 0 598 000

Upper Middle Income 1 137 505 1 132 268 1 302 356 1 258 165 640 640
Lower Middle Income 0 0 0 0 0
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 1 137 505 1 132 268 1 302 356 1 258 165 1 238 640

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 0 0 0 0 0
Unstable 1 137 505 1 132 268 1 302 356 1 258 165 1 238 640
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 1 137 505 1 132 268 1 302 356 1 258 165 1 238 640

86 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 926 805 904 868 1 052 256 1 007 965 983 340
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 0 0 0 0 0
MERCOSUR 12 205 77 057 172 256 182 965 189 340
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 0 0 0 0 0
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Baryte
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 604 456 279 065 438 498 804 632 724 938
Developing C. 8 150 948 6 753 327 6 615 902 6 972 271 7 426 898
Least Developed C. 61 039 98 920 39 623 334 798 754 507
Transition C. 693 600 710 300 1 268 500 0 0

Total 9 510 043 7 841 612 8 362 523 8 111 701 8 906 343

Annual per capita income:

High Income 532 456 238 065 366 498 469 632 724 938
Upper Middle Income 4 809 256 4 048 996 4 135 192 3 869 834 3 833 557
Lower Middle Income 4 164 331 3 550 551 3 856 833 3 768 235 4 343 848
Low Income 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000

Total 9 510 043 7 841 612 8 362 523 8 111 701 8 906 343

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 696 056 375 343 475 901 847 341 1 230 145
Unstable 8 023 680 7 121 986 7 533 820 6 878 875 7 116 469
Extreme Unstable 790 307 344 283 352 802 385 485 559 729

Total 9 510 043 7 841 612 8 362 523 8 111 701 8 906 343

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 370 544 1 560 1 170 30

ASEAN 137 683 172 814 84 211 383 307 833 692
BRICS 5 811 258 5 266 849 4 952 361 4 264 931 4 621 795
EC 148 474 113 656 99 921 99 128 76 434
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 530 474 238 065 365 371 465 710 441 184
MERCOSUR 13 121 1 849 361 4 931 1 795
NAFTA/USMCA 869 180 646 363 628 092 909 807 877 052
OECD 1 361 447 1 004 226 944 380 1 313 213 1 144 562
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 87

Bentonite
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 7 743 148 6 913 035 7 524 426 8 391 983 8 116 650
Developing C. 12 702 702 10 728 872 10 086 636 10 112 339 11 087 840
Least Developed C. 77 734 80 689 119 192 113 985 71 593
Transition C. 1 284 962 1 202 180 1 021 648 0 0

Total 21 808 546 18 924 776 18 751 902 18 618 307 19 276 083

Annual per capita income:

High Income 7 749 159 6 848 674 7 417 558 7 668 591 7 982 756
Upper Middle Income 9 926 202 7 120 941 6 088 973 5 635 748 7 490 804
Lower Middle Income 4 055 451 4 874 972 5 126 679 5 199 983 3 730 930
Low Income 77 734 80 189 118 692 113 985 71 593

Total 21 808 546 18 924 776 18 751 902 18 618 307 19 276 083

Political stability:

Stable 500 500 500 500 500

Fair 7 794 163 6 935 055 7 677 558 7 801 546 7 507 551
Unstable 11 546 225 11 086 106 9 741 625 9 266 253 9 641 018
Extreme Unstable 2 467 658 903 115 1 332 219 1 550 008 2 127 014

Total 21 808 546 18 924 776 18 751 902 18 618 307 19 276 083

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 183 322 166 233 217 815 210 815 149 460
ASEAN 13 050 5 220 6 559 22 603 26 556
BRICS 10 433 847 8 412 613 6 868 606 6 451 540 6 414 598
EC 2 916 648 2 369 822 2 600 222 2 654 015 2 895 721
EFTA 0 0 12 803 0 0
G7 5 254 720 4 934 989 5 261 252 5 366 520 5 399 391
MERCOSUR 530 493 331 605 372 945 387 185 389 737
NAFTA/USMCA 4 544 321 4 329 219 4 580 000 4 580 000 4 360 000
OECD 9 175 220 8 662 953 9 424 888 9 638 263 9 792 396
SADC 182 818 165 747 217 298 210 525 149 191

Boron Minerals
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 1 030 000 830 000 900 000 1 248 800 1 291 500
Developing C. 3 151 476 2 655 990 3 903 168 4 097 295 3 500 466
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 111 800 115 500 119 600 0 0

Total 4 293 276 3 601 490 4 922 768 5 346 095 4 791 966

88 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Annual per capita income:

High Income 1 382 255 1 118 103 1 263 032 1 581 935 1 741 739
Upper Middle Income 2 696 752 2 223 749 3 344 830 3 465 910 2 722 974
Lower Middle Income 214 269 259 638 314 906 298 250 327 253
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 4 293 276 3 601 490 4 922 768 5 346 095 4 791 966

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 1 382 255 1 118 103 1 451 900 1 581 935 1 650 239
Unstable 868 995 2 481 892 3 468 868 3 761 425 3 128 477
Extreme Unstable 2 042 026 1 495 2 000 2 735 13 250

Total 4 293 276 3 601 490 4 922 768 5 346 095 4 791 966

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 331 800 335 500 339 600 388 800 451 800
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 1 030 000 830 000 900 000 1 160 000 1 200 000
MERCOSUR 181 818 134 604 188 868 164 124 170 000
NAFTA/USMCA 1 030 000 830 000 900 000 1 160 000 1 200 000
OECD 3 422 255 2 798 103 3 803 032 4 171 935 3 570 239
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Diamonds (Gem)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
ct ct ct ct ct

Development status:

Developed C. 18 816 751 14 408 412 16 994 679 41 371 583 38 064 401
Developing C. 22 250 381 18 018 762 22 816 918 24 589 598 24 039 799
Least Developed C. 12 358 115 11 095 463 11 442 977 11 281 335 10 232 025
Transition C. 25 804 591 18 711 931 23 470 180 0 0

Total 79 229 838 62 234 568 74 724 754 77 242 516 72 336 225

Annual per capita income:

High Income 18 816 751 14 408 412 16 994 679 16 300 847 38 136 702
Upper Middle Income 47 589 812 36 167 351 45 394 777 48 625 875 23 048 330
Lower Middle Income 10 142 291 8 287 935 8 882 218 9 724 874 10 205 693
Low Income 2 680 984 3 370 870 3 453 080 2 590 920 945 500

Total 79 229 838 62 234 568 74 724 754 77 242 516 72 336 225

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 89

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 37 147 511 27 664 687 34 372 183 35 514 817 36 259 571
Unstable 40 039 837 31 930 767 37 683 244 39 686 584 35 566 714
Extreme Unstable 2 042 490 2 639 114 2 669 327 2 041 115 509 940

Total 79 229 838 62 234 568 74 724 754 77 242 516 72 336 225

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 34 544 904 29 067 080 34 212 768 35 823 778 34 246 514
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 29 241 393 22 916 282 28 015 050 29 410 240 24 853 160
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 18 573 661 14 208 812 16 994 679 16 217 233 15 674 351
MERCOSUR 53 240 42 114 47 127 47 155 25 310
NAFTA/USMCA 18 573 661 14 208 812 16 994 679 16 217 233 15 674 351
OECD 18 816 751 14 412 424 16 998 800 16 221 202 15 676 719
SADC 33 798 361 28 241 578 33 261 771 34 872 135 33 409 115

Diamonds (Ind)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
ct ct ct ct ct

Development status:

Developed C. 11 911 450 9 780 400 0 16 769 560 14 926 700

Developing C. 12 837 680 11 701 405 15 605 061 16 886 621 14 803 704
Least Developed C. 12 900 499 11 317 797 11 922 070 9 794 990 9 251 495
Transition C. 19 466 621 12 474 620 15 646 790 0 0

Total 57 116 250 45 274 222 43 173 921 43 451 171 38 981 899

Annual per capita income:

High Income 11 911 450 9 780 400 0 0 14 926 700

Upper Middle Income 30 578 976 22 012 090 27 854 506 29 754 015 10 412 455
Lower Middle Income 2 699 985 2 976 935 4 530 925 5 178 556 5 583 454
Low Income 11 925 839 10 504 797 10 788 490 8 518 600 8 059 290

Total 57 116 250 45 274 222 43 173 921 43 451 171 38 981 899

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 19 114 985 14 921 040 6 895 791 7 456 639 6 898 939
Unstable 26 544 778 19 982 974 25 878 212 27 657 851 24 172 230
Extreme Unstable 11 456 487 10 370 208 10 399 918 8 336 681 7 910 730

Total 57 116 250 45 274 222 43 173 921 43 451 171 38 981 899

90 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 25 611 579 22 926 402 27 432 094 26 588 840 24 003 754
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 23 400 716 16 885 420 20 969 827 22 301 331 18 444 345
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 0 0 0 0 0
MERCOSUR 108 085 83 890 94 760 92 350 51 390
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 11 911 450 9 780 400 0 0 0
SADC 25 123 520 22 758 350 27 004 676 26 297 485 23 737 670

Diatomite
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 1 127 031 1 186 582 1 377 632 1 435 788 1 480 159
Developing C. 1 043 613 920 842 983 548 1 079 703 941 337
Least Developed C. 77 439 40 353 78 347 56 470 34 633
Transition C. 51 000 51 000 176 800 0 0

Total 2 299 083 2 198 777 2 616 327 2 571 961 2 456 129

Annual per capita income:

High Income 1 189 269 1 273 299 1 404 728 1 280 067 1 497 478
Upper Middle Income 1 029 017 880 987 1 123 873 1 231 008 923 248
Lower Middle Income 3 358 4 138 9 379 4 416 770
Low Income 77 439 40 353 78 347 56 470 34 633

Total 2 299 083 2 198 777 2 616 327 2 571 961 2 456 129

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 1 193 269 1 277 299 1 577 616 1 294 709 1 312 478
Unstable 879 457 881 051 955 247 1 220 803 1 107 218
Extreme Unstable 226 357 40 427 83 464 56 449 36 433

Total 2 299 083 2 198 777 2 616 327 2 571 961 2 456 129

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 78 360 41 281 79 110 57 871 35 403

ASEAN 0 0 0 0 3 000
BRICS 488 673 448 574 507 465 583 844 586 546
EC 359 023 362 571 304 081 375 686 309 956
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 911 802 963 511 1 106 519 927 321 943 439
MERCOSUR 112 283 134 149 167 091 219 377 174 226
NAFTA/USMCA 897 274 966 105 1 138 928 934 062 951 906
OECD 1 539 300 1 517 731 1 769 850 1 639 038 1 569 828
SADC 72 439 35 257 72 914 51 449 29 633

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 91

Feldspar
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 5 046 489 5 082 046 6 017 295 6 121 308 6 097 702
Developing C. 25 566 830 24 385 954 29 668 142 33 580 774 28 117 199
Least Developed C. 17 000 25 000 6 495 11 388 10 555
Transition C. 370 819 353 115 376 625 0 0

Total 31 001 138 29 846 115 36 068 557 39 713 470 34 225 456

Annual per capita income:

High Income 5 659 542 6 001 011 6 618 535 6 387 793 6 663 939
Upper Middle Income 18 148 169 15 736 899 18 436 443 22 685 394 19 988 626
Lower Middle Income 7 176 427 8 083 205 11 007 084 10 628 895 7 562 336
Low Income 17 000 25 000 6 495 11 388 10 555

Total 31 001 138 29 846 115 36 068 557 39 713 470 34 225 456

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 5 687 831 5 656 598 6 243 905 5 978 087 5 873 339
Unstable 13 014 046 21 861 484 26 488 755 30 120 777 23 959 591
Extreme Unstable 12 299 261 2 328 033 3 335 897 3 614 606 4 392 526

Total 31 001 138 29 846 115 36 068 557 39 713 470 34 225 456

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 130 057 106 980 135 405 129 920 249 350
ASEAN 2 020 132 1 584 231 1 875 767 2 543 012 2 597 101
BRICS 9 612 901 8 059 000 9 728 155 9 631 746 9 663 895
EC 4 516 439 4 531 805 4 549 934 4 413 502 4 147 491
EFTA 80 000 69 000 60 000 60 000 45 020
G7 3 385 289 3 401 527 3 343 007 3 285 330 3 280 994
MERCOSUR 672 449 512 783 561 282 826 664 691 875
NAFTA/USMCA 966 196 1 383 385 810 076 855 240 833 444
OECD 15 387 448 16 566 944 19 424 085 22 107 056 15 548 716
SADC 76 255 48 427 67 113 75 382 142 820

Fluorspar
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 319 144 315 891 310 531 323 978 246 483
Developing C. 6 630 587 6 778 332 8 034 049 8 015 932 8 392 582
Least Developed C. 50 000 10 000 10 000 27 915 39 972
Transition C. 5 000 42 000 86 000 0 0

Total 7 004 731 7 146 223 8 440 580 8 367 825 8 679 037

92 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Annual per capita income:

High Income 319 144 315 891 310 531 247 978 246 483
Upper Middle Income 5 605 809 5 679 030 6 941 390 7 302 090 8 096 750
Lower Middle Income 1 021 878 1 134 402 1 172 659 784 157 292 548
Low Income 57 900 16 900 16 000 33 600 43 256

Total 7 004 731 7 146 223 8 440 580 8 367 825 8 679 037

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 1 256 547 994 791 964 801 636 033 685 699
Unstable 5 620 044 6 001 735 7 353 851 7 607 087 7 883 601
Extreme Unstable 128 140 149 697 121 928 124 705 109 737

Total 7 004 731 7 146 223 8 440 580 8 367 825 8 679 037

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 257 704 347 557 439 087 435 900 475 960
ASEAN 260 250 229 727 224 793 277 533 336 289
BRICS 4 282 688 4 687 782 5 905 580 6 215 956 6 242 661
EC 239 144 265 891 243 857 214 978 182 483
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 173 959 129 933 123 306 94 563 43 508
MERCOSUR 25 899 72 730 38 158 38 969 30 365
NAFTA/USMCA 1 311 465 964 597 1 057 118 1 020 626 1 162 591
OECD 1 565 009 1 250 384 1 327 997 1 265 856 1 385 481
SADC 252 974 330 000 400 000 410 000 452 000

Graphite
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 14 419 21 996 34 261 67 309 36 961

Developing C. 1 365 813 1 263 896 1 373 971 1 379 528 1 448 196
Least Developed C. 208 966 82 054 207 908 287 836 171 541
Transition C. 27 500 22 900 34 300 0 0

Total 1 616 698 1 390 846 1 650 440 1 734 673 1 656 698

Annual per capita income:

High Income 14 721 25 048 34 261 47 663 35 295

Upper Middle Income 1 296 737 1 187 158 1 314 700 1 283 715 1 296 817
Lower Middle Income 62 134 54 076 66 801 102 729 146 520
Low Income 243 106 124 564 234 678 300 566 178 066

Total 1 616 698 1 390 846 1 650 440 1 734 673 1 656 698

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 93

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 18 221 25 048 34 261 47 663 20 795
Unstable 1 578 487 1 347 639 1 539 063 1 520 232 1 536 891
Extreme Unstable 19 990 18 159 77 116 166 778 99 012

Total 1 616 698 1 390 846 1 650 440 1 734 673 1 656 698

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 208 966 82 054 207 908 287 836 171 541
ASEAN 3 500 3 700 1 200 500 1 100
BRICS 1 318 944 1 205 306 1 326 838 1 343 597 1 407 500
EC 307 208 381 485 436
EFTA 9 780 5 549 6 293 10 380 6 483
G7 4 539 16 347 9 471 13 185 4 397
MERCOSUR 81 770 67 020 78 555 72 780 56 053
NAFTA/USMCA 6 674 18 272 10 799 16 420 7 385
OECD 27 053 42 286 64 106 78 798 51 893
SADC 208 966 82 054 207 908 287 836 171 541

Gypsum and Anhydrite

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 54 976 350 55 374 962 59 238 148 67 448 034 64 512 693
Developing C. 136 569 817 137 055 720 141 643 722 144 479 892 146 107 757
Least Developed C. 2 214 083 2 396 484 2 733 034 3 394 169 4 150 550
Transition C. 7 109 284 6 904 397 8 150 044 0 0

Total 200 869 534 201 731 563 211 764 948 215 322 095 214 771 000

Annual per capita income:

High Income 70 320 647 70 227 890 76 394 137 76 062 107 80 802 009
Upper Middle Income 116 610 505 99 158 958 105 680 196 104 969 076 121 308 395
Lower Middle Income 13 542 387 31 934 866 29 182 266 33 748 921 11 912 459
Low Income 395 995 409 849 508 349 541 991 748 137

Total 200 869 534 201 731 563 211 764 948 215 322 095 214 771 000

Political stability:

Stable 330 000 0 0 0 0

Fair 68 282 760 69 121 571 76 740 251 75 882 324 75 960 788
Unstable 104 204 874 113 454 121 116 419 786 116 012 178 115 559 758
Extreme Unstable 28 051 900 19 155 871 18 604 911 23 427 593 23 250 454

Total 200 869 534 201 731 563 211 764 948 215 322 095 214 771 000

94 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 1 516 006 2 033 304 2 176 638 2 642 707 3 044 420
ASEAN 10 692 990 10 275 488 11 676 197 11 533 579 10 348 662
BRICS 75 305 102 73 905 385 72 597 835 74 142 695 74 142 112
EC 26 426 971 27 170 017 28 477 607 28 341 909 26 242 990
EFTA 432 100 413 602 422 794 416 317 330 000
G7 34 053 239 32 917 649 34 477 050 37 084 072 34 336 220
MERCOSUR 3 608 167 3 355 235 3 954 709 5 901 187 6 135 743
NAFTA/USMCA 31 804 201 32 340 663 32 866 173 33 889 454 34 765 704
OECD 69 412 669 72 018 695 78 454 319 80 124 729 78 450 648
SADC 652 891 814 758 955 109 1 113 986 1 046 585

Kaolin
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 16 256 051 15 106 583 16 338 933 19 174 599 19 501 815
Developing C. 23 761 113 22 530 765 22 713 030 25 243 512 25 742 273
Least Developed C. 55 791 131 168 115 914 68 199 105 056
Transition C. 4 138 550 4 889 505 5 252 032 0 0

Total 44 211 505 42 658 021 44 419 909 44 486 310 45 349 144

Annual per capita income:

High Income 16 540 078 15 534 312 16 309 846 15 288 322 18 986 619
Upper Middle Income 16 870 386 12 840 363 13 769 355 16 486 891 16 885 216
Lower Middle Income 10 760 593 14 250 632 14 325 744 12 689 871 9 447 500
Low Income 40 448 32 714 14 964 21 226 29 809

Total 44 211 505 42 658 021 44 419 909 44 486 310 45 349 144

Political stability:

Stable 50 569 50 000 55 000 55 000 50 000

Fair 17 095 331 15 891 909 16 623 826 15 433 620 13 854 450
Unstable 22 065 468 24 749 565 26 334 822 25 641 204 27 803 293
Extreme Unstable 5 000 137 1 966 547 1 406 261 3 356 486 3 641 401

Total 44 211 505 42 658 021 44 419 909 44 486 310 45 349 144

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 95 367 161 672 188 377 151 506 145 554
ASEAN 3 362 736 2 200 085 2 049 103 1 366 828 2 141 390
BRICS 17 430 237 18 238 230 18 616 852 20 422 084 22 629 084
EC 10 959 432 10 249 771 10 651 743 9 408 949 7 713 211
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 11 178 389 10 624 579 10 867 057 10 244 251 9 313 043
MERCOSUR 1 489 463 1 266 219 1 184 884 1 221 531 857 180
NAFTA/USMCA 5 366 645 4 876 033 4 583 332 4 567 798 4 719 570
OECD 17 802 810 16 770 084 18 059 155 17 567 326 15 047 700
SADC 43 170 119 093 130 118 57 526 83 937

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 95

Magnesite
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 3 687 394 4 145 540 4 484 028 5 136 078 4 475 125
Developing C. 22 636 210 22 827 255 22 456 015 21 126 649 18 281 841
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 1 015 200 1 282 052 1 108 896 0 0

Total 27 338 804 28 254 847 28 048 939 26 262 727 22 756 966

Annual per capita income:

High Income 3 887 394 4 395 540 4 734 028 3 985 027 4 565 125
Upper Middle Income 23 205 820 23 412 357 22 861 392 21 868 410 17 983 680
Lower Middle Income 145 590 346 950 373 519 329 290 128 161
Low Income 100 000 100 000 80 000 80 000 80 000

Total 27 338 804 28 254 847 28 048 939 26 262 727 22 756 966

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 3 688 926 4 149 450 4 487 028 3 809 526 3 416 985
Unstable 21 963 041 23 833 108 23 298 415 22 236 802 19 116 875
Extreme Unstable 1 686 837 272 289 263 496 216 399 223 106

Total 27 338 804 28 254 847 28 048 939 26 262 727 22 756 966

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 9 632 12 410 8 000 8 548 6 260

ASEAN 40 0 0 0 0
BRICS 21 654 454 21 914 561 21 023 723 20 147 991 17 600 607
EC 2 829 622 2 767 261 2 967 429 2 760 759 2 230 866
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 444 590 579 076 622 976 587 811 753 540
MERCOSUR 1 530 000 1 550 000 1 800 000 1 700 000 1 413 000
NAFTA/USMCA 445 390 579 076 622 976 587 811 753 540
OECD 5 184 275 5 707 435 6 414 424 5 631 740 4 752 993
SADC 8 100 8 500 5 000 8 000 6 000

Perlite
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 1 429 991 1 763 468 2 038 080 1 687 531 1 688 315
Developing C. 1 279 355 1 216 767 1 561 666 1 499 078 1 376 001
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 146 676 181 146 244 814 0 0

Total 2 856 022 3 161 381 3 844 560 3 186 609 3 064 316

96 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Annual per capita income:

High Income 1 429 391 1 758 268 2 033 080 1 637 531 1 690 312
Upper Middle Income 1 420 023 1 350 363 1 729 825 1 517 491 1 355 620
Lower Middle Income 6 608 52 750 81 655 31 587 18 384
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 2 856 022 3 161 381 3 844 560 3 186 609 3 064 316

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 1 434 691 1 763 468 2 056 096 1 642 531 1 625 312
Unstable 215 017 1 345 163 1 711 440 1 537 369 1 369 334
Extreme Unstable 1 206 314 52 750 77 024 6 709 69 670

Total 2 856 022 3 161 381 3 844 560 3 186 609 3 064 316

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000

ASEAN 21 608 3 500 8 131 27 378 20 884
BRICS 46 000 46 000 46 000 46 000 66 000
EC 799 727 908 283 1 155 259 967 893 966 646
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 629 000 853 000 879 000 672 000 654 000
MERCOSUR 21 236 13 176 18 016 32 450 32 000
NAFTA/USMCA 653 497 853 000 907 800 672 000 654 000
OECD 2 628 374 2 904 609 3 490 575 2 956 963 2 794 437
SADC 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000

Phosphate Rock (P2O5-Content)

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 8 101 700 8 252 930 7 312 010 12 653 450 12 872 200
Developing C. 53 525 200 52 222 580 57 528 550 56 994 090 57 017 580
Least Developed C. 1 121 520 1 179 440 1 337 050 1 436 280 1 508 560
Transition C. 5 907 640 5 988 510 6 102 830 0 0

Total 68 656 060 67 643 460 72 280 440 71 083 820 71 398 340

Annual per capita income:

High Income 10 408 250 10 892 920 10 145 130 10 104 790 16 179 340
Upper Middle Income 41 306 230 39 576 220 44 195 780 41 798 280 37 180 670
Lower Middle Income 16 546 960 16 105 420 17 000 670 18 360 290 17 226 860
Low Income 394 620 1 068 900 938 860 820 460 811 470

Total 68 656 060 67 643 460 72 280 440 71 083 820 71 398 340

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 97

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 9 437 780 7 304 580 6 637 640 6 460 710 6 558 140
Unstable 58 548 630 59 318 090 65 117 260 64 235 680 63 743 510
Extreme Unstable 669 650 1 020 790 525 540 387 430 1 096 690

Total 68 656 060 67 643 460 72 280 440 71 083 820 71 398 340

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 1 799 220 1 883 400 2 073 160 2 255 500 2 193 660
ASEAN 1 347 080 606 850 813 960 711 780 895 590
BRICS 36 179 640 34 879 660 39 119 000 40 018 600 40 013 200
EC 363 020 363 200 363 720 341 600 330 710
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 6 547 000 6 604 000 6 070 000 5 564 000 5 508 000
MERCOSUR 1 850 000 1 847 900 1 813 000 1 879 300 1 786 800
NAFTA/USMCA 6 796 520 6 695 240 6 215 050 5 696 510 5 633 700
OECD 8 319 040 8 540 140 7 661 670 7 402 740 7 619 600
SADC 652 450 670 340 638 590 727 250 637 680

Potash (K2O-Content)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 18 597 253 19 933 722 20 414 384 29 992 275 34 121 167
Developing C. 8 405 911 8 391 117 8 555 108 8 860 326 8 876 305
Least Developed C. 286 900 442 500 507 600 920 000 2 050 800
Transition C. 14 925 793 15 982 353 16 856 600 0 0

Total 42 215 857 44 749 692 46 333 692 39 772 601 45 048 272

Annual per capita income:

High Income 19 280 793 20 900 402 21 305 834 21 220 625 28 485 097
Upper Middle Income 22 431 964 23 155 390 24 250 058 15 684 136 12 524 375
Lower Middle Income 503 100 693 900 777 800 2 867 840 4 038 800
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 42 215 857 44 749 692 46 333 692 39 772 601 45 048 272

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 24 872 486 18 927 302 19 434 434 19 693 915 20 330 847
Unstable 17 306 171 25 785 390 26 859 258 20 038 686 22 326 375
Extreme Unstable 37 200 37 000 40 000 40 000 2 391 050

Total 42 215 857 44 749 692 46 333 692 39 772 601 45 048 272

98 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 286 900 442 500 507 600 920 000 2 050 800
BRICS 13 518 911 13 979 037 14 917 628 12 087 636 13 697 675
EC 3 223 408 3 325 204 3 169 105 3 138 546 2 956 308
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 16 034 109 17 166 204 17 659 605 17 665 251 17 110 614
MERCOSUR 248 911 254 837 213 028 299 636 363 275
NAFTA/USMCA 13 330 345 14 192 918 14 755 819 14 823 181 14 433 046
OECD 19 280 793 20 900 402 21 305 834 21 220 625 20 621 097
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Salt
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 118 043 636 111 580 305 113 481 691 125 885 880 117 944 326
Developing C. 154 516 317 140 935 954 135 677 731 150 427 203 146 887 401
Least Developed C. 3 511 280 3 319 847 3 280 996 3 717 402 4 150 549
Transition C. 15 267 448 11 759 711 14 868 164 0 0

Total 291 338 681 267 595 817 267 308 582 280 030 485 268 982 276

Annual per capita income:

High Income 129 002 096 120 543 316 120 246 002 122 942 783 127 251 562
Upper Middle Income 119 399 206 102 325 748 103 155 374 102 669 599 96 350 054
Lower Middle Income 41 802 158 43 664 361 42 966 053 53 211 048 44 218 938
Low Income 1 135 221 1 062 392 941 153 1 207 055 1 161 722

Total 291 338 681 267 595 817 267 308 582 280 030 485 268 982 276

Political stability:

Stable 558 325 71 000 35 000 0 70 000

Fair 134 468 576 123 914 020 125 738 597 126 675 300 119 911 525
Unstable 138 960 998 135 331 686 133 885 532 144 823 005 140 355 880
Extreme Unstable 17 350 782 8 279 111 7 649 453 8 532 180 8 644 871

Total 291 338 681 267 595 817 267 308 582 280 030 485 268 982 276

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 4 456 958 4 632 637 4 274 935 4 726 417 4 710 012
ASEAN 5 819 343 4 457 863 3 989 358 3 176 456 4 640 807
BRICS 110 458 312 98 119 855 98 987 442 108 468 812 101 959 689
EC 47 386 652 41 699 091 45 958 996 42 711 664 36 436 174
EFTA 492 325 334 827 530 700 440 665 378 183
G7 83 318 258 79 940 375 78 557 016 80 253 883 76 131 235
MERCOSUR 8 867 100 8 015 745 8 223 675 7 950 000 8 731 350
NAFTA/USMCA 65 556 507 65 203 563 57 303 766 62 470 040 61 406 958
OECD 139 077 234 134 533 684 132 520 266 137 069 647 130 166 884
SADC 2 247 410 2 341 946 2 432 086 2 445 537 2 679 636

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 99

Sulfur
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 23 931 917 21 797 668 24 111 154 31 146 969 30 277 264
Developing C. 45 023 292 44 173 587 43 111 424 50 377 750 51 891 850
Least Developed C. 960 200 917 300 691 900 640 800 576 200
Transition C. 12 081 900 12 450 500 10 672 400 0 0

Total 81 997 309 79 339 055 78 586 878 82 165 519 82 745 314

Annual per capita income:

High Income 42 694 470 39 808 225 41 357 197 43 264 241 49 595 762
Upper Middle Income 32 876 574 30 731 582 28 825 683 31 321 850 27 672 820
Lower Middle Income 6 416 265 8 789 248 7 702 098 7 569 428 5 466 732
Low Income 10 000 10 000 701 900 10 000 10 000

Total 81 997 309 79 339 055 78 586 878 82 165 519 82 745 314

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 36 768 335 33 973 435 36 151 297 37 742 081 37 459 112
Unstable 41 835 759 42 672 372 39 797 583 41 637 650 43 992 035
Extreme Unstable 3 393 215 2 693 248 2 637 998 2 785 788 1 294 167

Total 81 997 309 79 339 055 78 586 878 82 165 519 82 745 314

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 2 269 744 1 918 509 1 194 874 1 161 760 1 020 145
ASEAN 1 216 100 1 075 900 1 125 500 588 200 600 000
BRICS 26 905 574 26 998 509 24 642 824 27 274 679 28 894 695
EC 6 164 004 4 887 117 5 071 054 5 169 030 4 466 464
EFTA 90 000 86 000 89 000 81 000 82 000
G7 19 129 025 17 292 544 17 496 249 18 423 364 17 749 276
MERCOSUR 960 000 750 000 735 000 819 600 790 000
NAFTA/USMCA 13 883 880 13 099 986 13 168 439 13 828 721 13 848 300
OECD 27 634 584 25 538 741 25 714 823 26 537 581 25 769 464
SADC 1 952 744 1 607 309 915 974 872 560 760 145

Talc
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 2 234 307 1 942 281 2 389 655 2 435 083 2 241 339
Developing C. 5 119 672 4 634 210 4 863 779 4 929 708 4 677 283
Least Developed C. 356 240 101 826 451 000 389 539 224 275
Transition C. 48 000 104 000 50 000 0 0

Total 7 758 219 6 782 317 7 754 434 7 754 330 7 142 897

100 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Annual per capita income:

High Income 2 612 613 2 319 247 2 557 268 2 511 245 2 421 484
Upper Middle Income 2 853 664 2 401 166 2 727 145 2 805 834 2 797 589
Lower Middle Income 1 944 890 1 965 981 2 024 149 2 050 540 1 704 072
Low Income 347 052 95 923 445 872 386 711 219 752

Total 7 758 219 6 782 317 7 754 434 7 754 330 7 142 897

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 2 565 988 2 259 219 2 392 746 2 336 985 2 241 884
Unstable 4 538 713 4 207 097 4 486 795 4 632 922 4 319 988
Extreme Unstable 653 518 316 001 874 893 784 423 581 025

Total 7 758 219 6 782 317 7 754 434 7 754 330 7 142 897

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 144 060 101 694 341 183 446 715 390 024
ASEAN 14 564 38 146 31 950 30 369 32 484
BRICS 4 382 393 3 866 318 3 955 944 4 268 698 3 769 775
EC 1 113 307 1 071 988 1 078 154 1 047 458 955 410
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 1 544 131 1 326 679 1 381 397 1 383 795 1 364 000
MERCOSUR 660 050 652 824 662 370 703 562 602 387
NAFTA/USMCA 828 202 673 415 766 465 745 630 728 534
OECD 2 663 836 2 431 036 2 649 640 2 418 131 2 496 490
SADC 135 430 92 318 270 944 438 698 319 775

Vermiculite
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 110 500 110 000 110 000 145 619 145 607
Developing C. 285 510 274 026 295 802 332 812 298 425
Least Developed C. 9 674 14 170 21 754 22 947 23 837
Transition C. 29 237 28 442 39 804 0 0

Total 434 921 426 638 467 360 501 378 467 869

Annual per capita income:

High Income 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 145 607
Upper Middle Income 296 849 284 820 313 708 349 660 268 011
Lower Middle Income 28 398 27 648 31 898 28 771 30 414
Low Income 9 674 14 170 21 754 22 947 23 837

Total 434 921 426 638 467 360 501 378 467 869

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 101

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 110 500 110 000 110 000 110 000 110 000
Unstable 323 051 316 638 357 360 391 378 357 869
Extreme Unstable 1 370 0 0 0 0

Total 434 921 426 638 467 360 501 378 467 869

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 193 311 158 781 200 271 221 525 222 511
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 287 605 256 746 303 893 320 521 294 579
EC 10 500 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000
MERCOSUR 47 581 58 821 70 500 70 913 52 638
NAFTA/USMCA 100 148 100 104 100 000 100 000 100 076
OECD 101 518 119 334 103 300 121 230 110 576
SADC 183 537 144 611 177 817 198 278 198 074

Zircon
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 498 900 410 000 599 000 509 700 493 000
Developing C. 653 632 599 242 582 396 619 153 552 415
Least Developed C. 240 488 217 926 276 232 282 910 278 982
Transition C. 24 300 22 000 35 450 0 0

Total 1 417 320 1 249 168 1 493 078 1 411 763 1 324 397

Annual per capita income:

High Income 498 900 410 000 599 000 490 000 488 000
Upper Middle Income 605 321 468 951 455 650 557 566 498 976
Lower Middle Income 153 358 235 548 252 956 165 349 131 764
Low Income 159 741 134 669 185 472 198 848 205 657

Total 1 417 320 1 249 168 1 493 078 1 411 763 1 324 397

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 586 696 410 157 600 518 490 768 482 800
Unstable 811 624 734 693 766 516 768 108 688 112
Extreme Unstable 19 000 104 318 126 044 152 887 153 485

Total 1 417 320 1 249 168 1 493 078 1 411 763 1 324 397

102 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 640 264 561 698 609 198 624 615 594 594
ASEAN 80 149 88 057 86 548 114 668 112 850
BRICS 547 372 484 794 470 132 475 398 418 876
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 30 000 30 000 30 000 20 000 20 000
MERCOSUR 17 136 10 994 6 482 6 513 8 397
NAFTA/USMCA 30 000 30 000 30 000 20 000 20 000
OECD 498 900 410 000 599 000 490 000 482 000
SADC 519 577 441 905 447 120 472 068 467 360

6.3.5 Mineral Fuels

Steam Coal
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 862 405 637 721 310 228 735 413 845 1 006 053 073 954 544 137
Developing C. 4 695 701 230 4 638 626 753 4 939 222 685 5 692 063 654 6 044 988 217
Least Developed C. 10 427 023 7 359 958 10 030 168 15 674 093 19 629 895
Transition C. 387 770 338 359 606 231 388 727 425 0 0

Total 5 956 304 228 5 726 903 170 6 073 394 123 6 713 790 820 7 019 162 249

Annual per capita income:

High Income 865 096 191 722 520 790 735 432 386 745 468 355 941 144 301
Upper Middle Income 4 282 663 133 3 648 745 479 3 917 418 638 4 996 375 350 5 023 393 123
Lower Middle Income 779 438 620 1 332 907 940 1 398 456 162 946 412 185 1 028 265 652
Low Income 29 106 284 22 728 961 22 086 937 25 534 930 26 359 173

Total 5 956 304 228 5 726 903 170 6 073 394 123 6 713 790 820 7 019 162 249

Political stability:

Stable 1 545 230 1 482 000 1 448 565 1 292 541 1 213 841
Fair 923 403 733 731 879 530 745 494 994 758 321 818 732 143 692
Unstable 4 998 941 022 4 978 103 399 5 308 449 688 5 914 298 715 6 245 461 942
Extreme Unstable 32 414 243 15 438 241 18 000 876 39 877 746 40 342 774

Total 5 956 304 228 5 726 903 170 6 073 394 123 6 713 790 820 7 019 162 249

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 103

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 263 570 489 255 132 460 242 912 059 247 088 248 247 594 862
ASEAN 662 174 227 624 350 107 632 225 485 753 740 259 842 499 008
BRICS 4 170 936 275 4 160 396 909 4 472 443 503 4 970 753 484 5 215 983 068
EC 52 736 727 44 119 578 43 161 020 41 758 441 37 803 716
EFTA 117 000 63 000 121 000 118 000 119 745
G7 538 467 740 409 308 070 442 304 360 452 879 230 436 196 480
MERCOSUR 4 347 664 3 879 892 5 016 963 3 647 269 3 398 068
NAFTA/USMCA 541 934 680 411 498 650 445 899 280 456 722 180 436 382 524
OECD 873 107 819 778 248 590 798 361 334 810 358 900 771 752 060
SADC 262 801 145 254 064 763 241 250 615 245 189 120 246 805 588

Coking Coal
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 299 510 663 274 554 057 269 934 776 373 201 881 380 558 881
Developing C. 643 003 463 651 977 715 643 073 708 669 640 370 687 533 717
Least Developed C. 5 356 390 4 670 626 5 732 902 6 385 797 7 212 589
Transition C. 110 161 700 105 087 700 112 759 200 0 0

Total 1 058 032 216 1 036 290 098 1 031 500 586 1 049 228 048 1 075 305 187

Annual per capita income:

High Income 299 510 663 274 554 057 269 934 776 265 721 881 377 449 881
Upper Middle Income 665 181 443 673 374 925 669 273 628 685 559 550 622 749 727
Lower Middle Income 87 983 720 83 690 490 86 559 280 91 560 820 67 892 990
Low Income 5 356 390 4 670 626 5 732 902 6 385 797 7 212 589

Total 1 058 032 216 1 036 290 098 1 031 500 586 1 049 228 048 1 075 305 187

Political stability:

Stable 1 200 900 1 038 970 1 134 310 1 068 687 1 110 810
Fair 327 272 733 299 337 017 291 940 856 290 005 664 321 658 921
Unstable 721 476 513 729 819 585 731 712 518 747 378 850 741 058 217
Extreme Unstable 8 082 070 6 094 526 6 712 902 10 774 847 11 477 239

Total 1 058 032 216 1 036 290 098 1 031 500 586 1 049 228 048 1 075 305 187

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 9 380 165 7 150 506 10 103 438 9 796 976 11 164 921
ASEAN 5 752 018 4 800 000 6 000 000 6 078 000 6 078 000
BRICS 689 192 225 696 698 320 702 883 546 722 067 979 716 687 742
EC 15 123 393 14 076 967 14 319 716 13 181 004 12 561 271
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 94 862 710 76 180 990 83 358 750 82 883 190 91 039 800
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 97 395 370 79 571 120 84 341 010 83 989 300 91 879 730
OECD 303 484 533 285 964 762 279 274 658 276 267 452 281 850 466
SADC 9 380 165 7 150 506 10 103 438 9 796 976 11 164 921

104 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Lignite
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 409 140 231 338 786 480 368 527 424 539 792 768 457 739 529
Developing C. 149 512 086 131 749 628 149 376 204 174 865 194 159 270 824
Least Developed C. 16 049 042 15 127 126 14 205 978 16 057 222 16 375 113
Transition C. 159 787 602 151 663 906 149 775 175 0 0

Total 734 488 961 637 327 140 681 884 781 730 715 184 633 385 466

Annual per capita income:

High Income 379 677 616 301 236 274 322 383 490 332 244 485 385 388 140
Upper Middle Income 282 546 123 270 544 215 288 331 094 321 798 549 180 266 913
Lower Middle Income 72 265 222 65 546 651 71 170 197 76 672 150 67 730 413
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 734 488 961 637 327 140 681 884 781 730 715 184 633 385 466

Political stability:

Stable 287 830 297 690 284 735 276 248 275 433
Fair 433 774 243 359 513 068 386 766 187 406 636 010 336 258 967
Unstable 215 946 808 276 755 884 294 245 953 323 104 026 295 731 066
Extreme Unstable 84 480 080 760 498 587 906 698 900 1 120 000

Total 734 488 961 637 327 140 681 884 781 730 715 184 633 385 466

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 30 120 752 28 377 700 28 427 551 29 698 505 29 088 741
BRICS 124 492 696 112 804 404 120 310 525 138 776 783 137 579 196
EC 309 146 846 244 653 270 275 337 479 295 612 240 225 226 544
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 187 704 555 159 699 780 177 539 804 180 574 731 145 868 190
MERCOSUR 1 596 696 2 309 404 1 896 525 2 648 783 3 322 196
NAFTA/USMCA 56 390 555 52 322 520 51 283 210 49 773 620 43 740 300
OECD 441 719 896 372 873 274 405 942 170 424 540 585 347 887 480
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Natural Gas
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Mio m3 Mio m3 Mio m3 Mio m3 Mio m3

Development status:

Developed C. 1 523 480 1 503 771 1 527 641 2 274 554 2 274 035
Developing C. 1 569 421 1 540 484 1 600 661 1 809 708 1 827 408
Least Developed C. 59 505 56 960 55 397 54 064 57 731
Transition C. 929 569 870 325 944 944 0 0

Total 4 081 975 3 971 540 4 128 643 4 138 326 4 159 174

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 105

Annual per capita income:

High Income 1 983 688 1 948 917 1 971 700 2 058 967 2 713 134
Upper Middle Income 1 634 936 1 274 664 1 365 043 1 370 838 1 129 801
Lower Middle Income 455 177 740 419 784 017 701 010 301 670
Low Income 8 174 7 540 7 883 7 511 14 569

Total 4 081 975 3 971 540 4 128 643 4 138 326 4 159 174

Political stability:

Stable 4 608 4 508 3 945 3 694 14 059

Fair 1 917 665 1 870 825 1 934 516 1 980 039 2 004 830
Unstable 1 719 241 1 683 038 1 768 709 1 719 692 1 704 278
Extreme Unstable 440 461 413 169 421 473 434 901 436 007

Total 4 081 975 3 971 540 4 128 643 4 138 326 4 159 174

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 116 058 112 939 106 641 108 059 112 124
ASEAN 217 662 209 757 209 294 205 030 202 672
BRICS 953 489 918 405 992 972 925 875 908 218
EC 106 999 92 864 49 288 45 183 38 073
EFTA 115 162 112 326 115 201 124 210 117 322
G7 1 184 144 1 175 920 1 195 164 1 261 253 1 305 420
MERCOSUR 96 154 86 515 94 381 95 574 98 825
NAFTA/USMCA 1 160 037 1 152 946 1 178 353 1 241 381 1 288 942
OECD 1 543 897 1 538 483 1 561 259 1 642 763 1 673 154
SADC 13 862 14 161 12 412 12 930 20 168

Petroleum
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 1 251 681 969 1 215 908 857 1 227 994 272 1 816 839 861 1 887 381 918
Developing C. 2 452 108 109 2 260 585 509 2 293 956 093 2 557 993 996 2 584 026 374
Least Developed C. 94 449 830 87 629 710 78 044 030 77 611 880 75 329 860
Transition C. 707 875 005 650 481 785 663 694 659 0 0

Total 4 506 114 913 4 214 605 861 4 263 689 054 4 452 445 737 4 546 738 152

Annual per capita income:

High Income 2 275 549 609 2 171 289 617 2 177 872 396 2 335 148 697 2 895 320 832
Upper Middle Income 1 845 078 784 1 505 028 303 1 554 927 997 1 619 093 400 1 397 733 898
Lower Middle Income 359 383 937 513 288 421 507 617 551 475 877 880 231 895 142
Low Income 26 102 583 24 999 520 23 271 110 22 325 760 21 788 280

Total 4 506 114 913 4 214 605 861 4 263 689 054 4 452 445 737 4 546 738 152

106 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Political stability:

Stable 1 128 870 964 420 840 780 736 140 5 262 700
Fair 1 766 615 499 1 686 016 097 1 717 960 120 1 807 204 146 1 844 858 452
Unstable 2 091 108 024 1 999 312 514 1 969 281 434 2 052 243 441 2 106 262 139
Extreme Unstable 647 262 520 528 312 830 575 606 720 592 262 010 590 354 861

Total 4 506 114 913 4 214 605 861 4 263 689 054 4 452 445 737 4 546 738 152

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 249 201 754 234 792 304 207 937 478 206 007 576 213 841 214
ASEAN 96 466 620 89 398 173 81 981 220 78 183 560 76 395 460
BRICS 928 017 434 889 815 064 901 992 533 924 112 046 942 077 144
EC 73 025 519 68 584 320 18 038 057 16 682 214 15 877 071
EFTA 79 521 500 93 181 400 95 000 900 89 964 300 95 700 400
G7 1 135 236 132 1 087 967 397 1 099 455 382 1 155 565 694 1 227 578 674
MERCOSUR 222 698 100 210 391 250 209 173 740 221 513 830 248 690 430
NAFTA/USMCA 1 169 149 530 1 124 066 050 1 145 344 320 1 206 162 100 1 287 531 800
OECD 1 344 746 049 1 349 462 851 1 360 283 975 1 411 214 527 1 493 864 992
SADC 70 042 774 64 736 304 57 204 173 57 802 406 56 115 984

Oil Sands (part of Petroleum)

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 158 766 200 153 043 300 167 104 200 170 263 400 173 858 800
Developing C. 18 000 000 14 900 000 15 000 000 18 000 000 20 000 000
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 0 0 0 0 0

Total 176 766 200 167 943 300 182 104 200 188 263 400 193 858 800

Annual per capita income:

High Income 158 766 200 153 043 300 167 104 200 170 263 400 173 858 800
Upper Middle Income 18 000 000 14 900 000 15 000 000 18 000 000 20 000 000
Lower Middle Income 0 0 0 0 0
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 176 766 200 167 943 300 182 104 200 188 263 400 193 858 800

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 158 766 200 153 043 300 167 104 200 170 263 400 173 858 800
Unstable 0 0 0 0 20 000 000
Extreme Unstable 18 000 000 14 900 000 15 000 000 18 000 000 0

Total 176 766 200 167 943 300 182 104 200 188 263 400 193 858 800

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 107

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 0 0 0 0 0
EC 0 0 0 0 0
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 158 766 200 153 043 300 167 104 200 170 263 400 173 858 800
MERCOSUR 18 000 000 14 900 000 15 000 000 18 000 000 20 000 000
NAFTA/USMCA 158 766 200 153 043 300 167 104 200 170 263 400 173 858 800
OECD 158 766 200 153 043 300 167 104 200 170 263 400 173 858 800
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

Oil Shales
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 16 628 394 13 054 894 12 674 826 14 700 441 13 830 683
Developing C. 0 0 0 1 180 000 8 450 000
Least Developed C. 0 0 0 0 0
Transition C. 0 0 0 0 0

Total 16 628 394 13 054 894 12 674 826 15 880 441 22 280 683

Annual per capita income:

High Income 16 589 394 13 010 894 12 618 826 14 639 441 13 830 683
Upper Middle Income 39 000 44 000 56 000 61 000 0
Lower Middle Income 0 0 0 1 180 000 8 450 000
Low Income 0 0 0 0 0

Total 16 628 394 13 054 894 12 674 826 15 880 441 22 280 683

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 16 225 512 12 661 904 12 243 986 14 446 016 13 830 683
Unstable 402 882 392 990 430 840 1 434 425 8 450 000
Extreme Unstable 0 0 0 0 0

Total 16 628 394 13 054 894 12 674 826 15 880 441 22 280 683

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 0 0 0 0 0
ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 0 0 0 0 0
EC 16 225 512 12 661 904 12 243 986 14 446 016 13 830 683
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 489 012 473 404 444 886 417 916 431 483
MERCOSUR 0 0 0 0 0
NAFTA/USMCA 0 0 0 0 0
OECD 16 589 394 13 010 894 12 618 826 14 639 441 13 793 683
SADC 0 0 0 0 0

108 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Uranium (U3O8)
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Development status:

Developed C. 16 102 11 582 10 137 17 277 25 428

Developing C. 9 261 9 282 9 623 38 851 40 585
Least Developed C. 3 516 3 527 2 691 2 382 1 332
Transition C. 35 399 31 327 33 530 0 0

Total 64 278 55 718 55 981 58 510 67 345

Annual per capita income:

High Income 16 102 11 582 10 137 14 178 25 118

Upper Middle Income 39 173 35 079 37 694 36 849 35 830
Lower Middle Income 5 487 5 530 5 459 5 101 5 065
Low Income 3 516 3 527 2 691 2 382 1 332

Total 64 278 55 718 55 981 58 510 67 345

Political stability:

Stable 0 0 0 0 0
Fair 22 561 17 965 16 925 20 795 30 160
Unstable 37 204 34 173 36 312 35 138 35 490
Extreme Unstable 4 513 3 580 2 744 2 577 1 695

Total 64 278 55 718 55 981 58 510 67 345

Country groups and economic blocks:

ACP 10 138 10 040 9 628 9 187 9 845

ASEAN 0 0 0 0 0
BRICS 6 182 6 202 5 889 5 909 6 291
EC 67 42 32 25 15
EFTA 0 0 0 0 0
G7 8 337 4 275 5 631 8 776 16 395
MERCOSUR 0 20 34 51 107
NAFTA/USMCA 8 309 4 267 5 631 8 776 16 395
OECD 16 102 11 582 10 137 14 178 21 922
SADC 6 622 6 513 6 937 6 805 8 513

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 109

6.4 Production of Mineral Raw Materials of individual Countries,
by Minerals

6.4.1 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals

Iron (Fe-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Algeria 1 068 600 1 016 200 942 000 882 500 931 900 2e
Angola 0 96 280 5 880 27 600 1e
Australia 567 345 032 567 788 649 570 160 503 584 413 159 589 029 943 1e
Austria 1 037 470 973 840 1 059 550 1 035 770 1 024 210 1e
Bhutan 23 590 9 430 16 590 2 230 650 1e
Bolivia 45 830 15 410 17 010 215 940 129 550 1e
Bosnia-Herzegovina 739 600 727 980 792 500 665 650 640 980 1e
Brazil 255 339 422 245 889 636 268 066 382 256 927 734 273 992 879 1e
Canada 34 457 800 37 102 800 34 982 200 39 169 500 39 751 000 1e
Chile 8 427 224 9 890 886 11 163 294 11 059 801 11 443 370 1e
China 165 356 800 173 763 500 163 840 000 180 480 000 190 937 600 1e
Colombia 300 240 354 200 337 670 223 920 293 730 1e
Congo, Rep. 20 200 3 400 20 200 20 200 20 200 1e
Egypt 48 200 1 900 5 800 24 300 45 000 2n
Fiji 35 900 35 200 49 400 28 800 27 300 1e
Gabon 0 6 800 1n
Germany 94 100 95 500 87 500 86 000 85 400 1e
Guatemala 30 0 0 0 0 1e
Guinea 0 418 800 1 140 800 197 900 0 1e
India 151 827 100 126 231 200 152 055 800 154 020 500 170 340 800 1e
Indonesia 1 379 300 2 951 100 3 300 000 3 000 000 800 000 2n
Iran 28 305 000 33 660 000 34 980 000 36 874 200 37 544 000 1a
Kazakhstan 14 278 750 15 105 100 15 966 300 12 567 100 11 893 635 1e
Korea, North 1 796 400 1 640 800 1 684 000 1 647 800 1 733 600 1e
Korea, South 205 410 345 140 323 140 260 400 302 190 1e
Laos 282 180 607 830 2 113 560 1 076 900 2 029 200 1e
Liberia 2 657 200 2 924 600 2 520 000 2 640 000 2 160 000 1e
Malawi 1 800 3 010 2 990 590 380 1e
Malaysia 2 621 100 3 383 990 3 070 930 3 094 320 3 046 990 1e
Mauritania 8 013 100 8 243 500 8 185 200 8 465 400 9 155 700 1n
Mexico 10 331 270 10 774 600 13 430 600 10 963 300 14 183 500 1e
Mongolia 4 800 430 5 165 660 5 136 260 4 289 540 2 987 500 1e
Morocco 7 150 14 090 8 870 4 820 5 220 1a
Namibia 8 400 27 570 51 490 0 5 400 1e
Nepal 120 770 0 0 0 1e
New Zealand 1 915 000 2 260 000 2 200 000 2 280 000 1 480 000 2n
Nigeria 18 300 2 400 1 300 6 700 15 900 2e
Norway 1 069 700 1 014 700 1 057 500 1 109 400 1 166 600 1n
Pakistan 238 440 218 000 306 160 272 570 143 250 1e
Peru 9 666 412 8 893 972 12 149 274 12 936 826 12 986 023 1e
Philippines 0 25 700 40 900 45 500 84 700 1e
Russia 65 726 000 65 372 000 59 375 800 56 109 000 53 572 000 1e
Saudi Arabia 294 100 275 000 335 200 351 700 350 000 2n

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 111

Sierra Leone 418 950 0 950 300 4 546 760 6 070 960 1a
South Africa 47 064 410 36 163 000 46 707 500 40 777 100 40 440 200 1e
Spain 0 36 580 0 0 1a
Sweden 19 367 200 20 112 200 19 964 200 18 799 000 19 126 500 1e
Tanzania 0 14 200 39 100 25 500 33 800 1e
Thailand 10 950 70 210 201 450 117 800 215 320 1e
Tunisia 100 700 93 400 143 900 133 600 135 000 2n
Türkiye 8 828 800 13 087 300 9 791 300 10 799 400 10 227 200 1e
Uganda 0 0 34 300 61 600 216 700 1e
Ukraine 47 584 000 49 274 000 52 431 000 19 958 000 19 495 000 1n
United States 29 547 000 24 100 000 30 100 000 24 687 000 28 295 000 1e
Uruguay 2 510 1 240 3 310 2 220 910 1e
Venezuela 2 062 800 1 159 000 1 372 500 4 575 000 2 440 000 1e
Vietnam 3 663 400 2 136 200 1 850 300 1 084 400 876 700 3e

Total 1 498 433 420 1 473 438 813 1 534 698 693 1 513 023 230 1 561 947 990

Chromium (Cr2O3 - Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Afghanistan 2 000 2 000 5 300 19 100 10 100 1n

Albania 357 200 212 650 242 200 402 100 387 200 1a
Brazil 199 256 226 762 248 108 218 626 193 532 1e
China 27 250 54 440 67 620 65 050 54 220 1n
Cuba 27 000 14 000 8 500 4 000 2 700 1e
Ethiopia 500 200 700 400 200 1e
Finland 491 930 470 620 472 890 391 410 376 390 1a
Greece 12 080 790 0 0 0 1a
India 1 832 600 1 273 300 1 926 900 1 572 300 1 511 800 1e
Iran 104 400 103 340 85 620 130 440 85 420 1a
Kazakhstan 2 458 800 1 977 900 1 901 500 1 833 900 1 803 200 1e
Madagascar 37 300 6 100 6 600 10 800 33 700 1e
Oman 293 040 182 720 195 540 175 050 150 800 1e
Pakistan 55 300 48 570 56 050 78 000 62 250 1e
Papua New Guinea 52 010 51 560 53 830 78 340 67 500 1n
Philippines 14 570 14 040 12 290 34 870 40 780 1e
Russia 175 000 187 000 167 360 203 200 149 120 1e
South Africa 7 384 000 5 479 400 7 583 150 7 862 000 7 968 350 1e
Sudan 5 950 4 300 2 700 1 450 2 100 1e
Türkiye 1 528 700 1 087 400 1 227 900 1 142 300 1 152 200 1e
Zimbabwe 720 330 572 460 644 400 499 400 484 800 1e

Total 15 779 216 11 969 552 14 909 158 14 722 736 14 536 362

Cobalt

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 5 746 5 631 5 232 5 794 5 217 1e

Brazil 0 27 43 9 165 1n
Canada 5 039 4 069 3 953 3 534 3 260 1e
China 3 000 2 200 2 000 1 750 2 300 1n
Congo, D.R. 78 664 86 591 93 011 115 371 139 840 1e
Cuba 3 800 3 900 3 800 3 600 3 200 2n

112 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Finland 1 454 1 559 1 084 1 235 1 057 1a
Indonesia 350 1 000 2 100 9 600 18 200 1n
Madagascar 2 897 833 2 111 3 428 3 387 1n
Morocco 2 397 2 416 1 796 1 690 1 506 1n
New Caledonia 1 703 2 197 1 500 1 770 2 300 2n
Papua New Guinea 2 915 2 941 2 955 2 987 3 072 1n
Philippines 3 750 3 600 3 200 3 400 3 300 2e
Russia 9 400 9 700 8 000 9 200 8 800 1e
South Africa 1 027 897 355 250 378 1e
Türkiye 115 250 290 320 400 2n
United States 500 600 650 500 500 1e
Zambia 1 271 316 247 252 207 1e
Zimbabwe 402 956 298 211 386 1e

Total 124 430 129 683 132 625 164 901 197 475

Manganese

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Angola 0 20 700 32 400 2 300 1e

Australia 3 259 200 3 357 500 3 277 460 3 044 900 2 920 850 1n
Bolivia 3 660 4 710 5 100 420 560 1e
Brazil 1 452 034 932 721 598 424 559 504 849 783 1e
Bulgaria 0 6 700 9 100 3 000 1n
China 1 350 000 1 218 000 900 000 819 000 852 000 1e
Colombia 160 10 140 160 150 2e
Congo, D.R. 1 780 1 000 9 450 5 380 600 2e
Cote d'Ivoire 472 700 530 200 384 500 371 900 470 100 1e
Egypt 7 900 5 300 8 000 5 000 1 000 2n
Gabon 3 158 100 3 709 100 4 228 900 4 522 700 4 386 300 1e
Georgia 170 600 202 400 226 500 160 000 212 300 1a
Ghana 1 507 200 660 100 934 200 919 800 870 500 1e
Guyana 105 800 119 520 1e
India 919 640 838 800 910 700 879 900 1 035 700 1e
Indonesia 24 000 23 500 40 000 0 0 1e
Iran 50 240 63 580 93 940 65 800 90 260 1a
Kazakhstan 230 700 164 300 129 800 136 600 138 500 1e
Kenya 16 600 13 600 28 500 61 200 44 100 1n
Malaysia 474 910 365 340 280 790 312 720 151 000 2n
Mexico 232 957 258 045 225 703 220 745 225 211 1e
Morocco 35 600 42 050 41 250 44 640 41 850 1a
Myanmar 429 000 254 000 206 100 207 100 234 000 1n
Namibia 14 660 11 860 10 250 10 600 13 800 2n
Nigeria 1 000 5 850 22 380 21 850 16 300 1e
Oman 12 500 3 200 3 300 3 000 3 300 1e
Pakistan 190 180 50 200 210 2n
Peru 18 814 10 120 11 391 1 169 1 327 1e
Romania 9 290 8 450 6 600 5 900 3 250 1n
Russia 5 900 28 200 10 700 16 500 21 800 1e
Senegal 1 880 6 580 4 040 13 370 11 950 1e
South Africa 6 456 400 6 029 368 7 065 750 7 090 400 7 058 600 1e
Sudan 1 000 0 0 0 0 1e
Thailand 2 305 670 0 320 290 1e
Türkiye 39 900 35 600 30 300 36 900 35 700 1e

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 113

Ukraine 686 100 698 500 652 300 369 600 186 500 2e
Vietnam 106 000 121 100 147 000 155 000 150 000 2n
Zambia 11 970 20 000 56 860 68 230 73 560 1e

Total 21 164 890 19 623 934 20 577 778 20 277 808 20 226 171

Molybdenum

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Armenia 7 137 11 909 10 611 10 991 11 116 1e

Australia 277 1 110 1e
Canada 4 385 3 979 1 871 1 146 1 171 1e
Chile 54 759 59 381 49 427 45 627 44 118 1e
China 104 670 95 970 102 600 107 550 121 500 1e
Iran 4 160 3 536 4 150 5 980 7 900 1a
Kazakhstan 258 384 880 2 089 3 727 1n
Korea, North 530 100 100 620 350 1e
Korea, South 266 411 408 366 339 1e
Mexico 21 694 20 577 19 894 19 329 28 313 1e
Mongolia 2 490 2 890 2 975 2 780 2 650 1e
Norway 1 1 1 1 0 1a
Peru 30 441 32 185 34 148 31 588 33 476 1e
Russia 1 989 1 707 1 691 1 400 1 200 2e
United States 43 600 51 100 41 100 34 600 34 000 1e
Uzbekistan 800 741 854 785 713 1n

Total 277 180 284 871 270 710 265 129 291 683

Nickel

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Albania 2 960 3 760 4 090 1 570 570 1a

Australia 158 751 169 344 150 876 155 007 149 090 1e
Brazil 55 761 68 097 75 988 79 370 72 398 1e
Canada 176 021 168 214 159 145 122 115 127 237 1e
China 104 674 105 048 104 600 109 400 110 400 1e
Colombia 44 990 40 480 43 940 46 370 43 030 1n
Cote d'Ivoire 9 900 20 220 26 460 27 610 37 210 1e
Cuba 45 000 46 000 44 000 43 000 37 500 2n
Dominican Republic 28 450 22 005 27 819 29 223 17 875 1e
Finland 38 530 41 429 42 163 44 921 41 941 1a
Greece 17 240 9 270 4 770 1 700 0 1a
Guatemala 44 600 57 600 61 400 52 600 20 300 1e
Indonesia 1 036 200 816 700 1 173 200 1 593 400 2 028 800 1e
Kosovo 3 360 4 150 4 735 300 10 1a
Madagascar 33 736 9 908 29 285 35 737 36 085 1n
Morocco 131 142 147 157 130 1a
Myanmar 14 200 22 000 18 100 9 600 5 100 1n
New Caledonia 208 185 199 375 186 284 199 951 233 375 1e
Norway 135 120 350 190 220 1a
Papua New Guinea 33 091 33 659 31 594 34 302 33 604 1n
Philippines 323 325 328 911 386 359 345 200 389 000 2e
Poland 755 710 740 830 750 1e

114 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Russia 233 800 237 000 202 100 225 900 211 300 2e
Solomon Islands 0 1 050 1e
South Africa 43 443 34 908 31 848 29 033 29 750 1e
Türkiye 4 740 20 200 11 650 14 540 18 390 1e
United States 13 500 16 700 18 400 17 500 16 400 1e
Vietnam 0 2 100 1n
Zambia 2 500 2 760 3 672 3 946 7 848 1n
Zimbabwe 16 918 16 480 16 213 14 260 17 784 1e

Total 2 694 896 2 495 190 2 859 928 3 237 732 3 689 247

Niobium (Nb2O5-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Brazil 126 641 85 572 112 755 109 287 109 520 1e
Burundi 5 4 10 3 1 2e
Canada 6 800 6 400 7 650 6 800 6 700 2n
China 20 30 30 40 43 1n
Congo, D.R. 433 565 475 644 560 1e
Ethiopia 14 11 18 25 35 2e
Mozambique 11 17 14 17 16 1e
Nigeria 170 80 140 145 185 1e
Russia 659 617 648 549 505 1n
Rwanda 205 160 160 195 310 1e
Uganda 3 52 9 0 0 1e

Total 134 961 93 508 121 909 117 705 117 875

Tantalum (Ta2O5-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 80 50 70 60 50 1e
Bolivia 10 8 1 3 1 1e
Brazil 340 300 350 350 380 1n
Burundi 8 6 15 5 2 2e
China 135 180 180 92 96 1n
Congo, D.R. 460 600 505 733 630 1e
Ethiopia 50 41 64 90 120 2e
Malaysia 2 1 1 4 4 2n
Mozambique 59 94 75 84 82 1e
Nigeria 120 80 160 150 190 1e
Russia 32 60 39 24 34 1n
Rwanda 315 240 245 300 475 1e
Sierra Leone 16 29 36 17 22 1a
Spain 18 16 19 19 24 1a

Total 1 645 1 705 1 760 1 931 2 110

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 115

Titanium (TiO2-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 780 465 830 800 624 100 545 000 536 500 2e
Brazil 81 650 61 940 75 100 53 000 79 220 2e
Canada 550 000 480 000 440 000 540 000 470 000 2n
China 2 306 900 2 911 800 2 856 650 3 144 000 3 247 000 1e
India 205 200 205 500 227 500 154 000 150 000 2n
Iran 4 880 5 000 6 860 19 570 20 100 1a
Kazakhstan 60 000 28 000 20 000 22 000 13 000 2n
Kenya 262 660 256 410 254 210 275 290 169 980 1n
Korea, South 162 790 158 340 177 420 152 250 110 120 1e
Madagascar 252 200 280 600 354 800 296 300 308 800 1e
Malaysia 6 930 6 280 13 470 21 180 15 600 2n
Mozambique 786 900 874 000 1 126 800 1 387 200 1 829 500 1e
Nigeria 0 1 700 14 100 1e
Norway 211 280 229 780 295 610 252 990 290 660 1a
Russia 3 600 3 300 2 900 3 900 3 990 2e
Senegal 281 030 291 740 310 310 284 998 239 960 1e
Sierra Leone 165 180 135 930 149 380 161 250 142 490 1a
South Africa 1 064 000 950 000 900 000 1 050 000 1 010 000 2e
Sri Lanka 25 940 11 150 28 775 17 060 31 665 1e
Thailand 64 84 36 1 0 1e
Türkiye 6 130 6 455 7 080 6 860 0 1e
Ukraine 564 050 537 430 489 200 157 300 147 700 1n
United States 100 000 100 000 100 000 200 000 100 000 1e
Vietnam 112 680 139 760 156 000 156 210 114 500 3e

Total 7 994 529 8 504 299 8 616 201 8 902 059 9 044 885

Tungsten (W-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 30 100 160 180 420 1n

Austria 892 896 919 910 819 1e
Bolivia 1 064 1 347 1 563 1 358 1 505 1e
Brazil 306 262 301 302 284 1e
Burundi 150 166 120 95 69 1e
China 74 950 71 450 68 660 65 620 65 980 1e
Congo, D.R. 260 116 114 148 418 1e
Korea, North 1 130 410 50 1 520 1 600 1e
Mexico 15 32 50 50 50 2e
Mongolia 370 35 120 236 324 1e
Myanmar 130 80 40 30 30 2n
Nigeria 15 18 24 52 26 1e
Portugal 518 553 542 448 400 1e
Russia 2 433 2 274 2 143 1 846 1 750 2e
Rwanda 1 120 990 1 545 1 610 1 370 1e
Spain 414 238 642 396 711 1a
Thailand 22 57 58 60 32 1e
Uganda 87 7 25 38 20 1e

116 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Uzbekistan 100 60 40 27 77 1n
Vietnam 4 816 5 970 11 735 10 817 7 900 1n
Zimbabwe 37 30 8 18 0 1e

Total 88 859 85 091 88 859 85 761 83 785

Vanadium (V-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Brazil 7 045 7 582 7 212 7 249 6 508 1n

China 64 700 69 960 74 100 78 100 81 600 1e
India 76 100 100 50 50 2n
Russia 18 380 19 533 20 058 21 000 20 000 2n
South Africa 8 062 8 584 8 799 8 872 8 667 1n
United States 460 17 0 0 0 1e

Total 98 723 105 776 110 269 115 271 116 825

6.4.2 Non-Ferrous Metals

Aluminium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Argentina 438 434 309 804 338 239 400 038 440 933 1e
Australia 1 569 591 1 582 947 1 558 529 1 509 646 1 555 474 1e
Azerbaijan 32 700 28 560 24 900 33 500 36 800 2n
Bahrain 1 365 005 1 548 500 1 561 222 1 600 111 1 620 665 1n
Bosnia-Herzegovina 67 690 0 90 037 138 969 64 465 1e
Brazil 650 200 685 100 771 700 810 900 1 021 700 1e
Cameroon 68 950 61 650 47 300 62 770 62 180 1e
Canada 2 853 771 3 118 710 3 136 704 3 033 966 3 274 901 1e
China 35 361 600 37 080 400 38 503 200 40 144 300 41 979 700 1e
Egypt 290 000 268 000 270 000 250 000 310 000 1n
France 401 850 417 000 438 942 388 589 356 717 1n
Germany 507 934 529 056 509 193 341 212 189 471 1e
Ghana 43 908 37 566 39 239 55 592 48 314 1e
Greece 186 903 181 708 183 775 186 448 183 361 1n
Iceland 682 616 691 989 695 857 730 394 752 904 1e
India 3 635 089 3 619 237 3 994 500 4 043 800 4 126 500 1e
Indonesia 233 457 220 089 200 577 223 774 214 930 1n
Iran 258 166 424 475 543 715 614 980 614 972 1e
Kazakhstan 264 895 265 665 262 361 249 141 260 877 1e
Malaysia 760 000 980 700 901 000 960 000 950 000 2n
Montenegro 36 522 37 208 45 214 43 196 21 778 1e
Mozambique 564 756 571 125 564 756 587 200 516 484 1n
Netherlands 81 100 70 600 46 700 0 0 1e
New Zealand 351 481 333 314 333 135 335 871 333 869 1n
Norway 1 312 000 1 339 330 1 430 183 1 424 571 1 321 229 1n
Oman 390 515 396 929 395 360 394 780 397 530 1n
Qatar 627 400 631 400 634 270 637 975 644 000 1n

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 117

Romania 280 326 271 307 293 399 191 454 196 438 1n
Russia 3 894 400 3 928 800 3 931 000 4 014 000 4 028 000 1n
Saudi Arabia 775 561 796 004 805 057 775 012 701 357 1n
Slovakia 174 794 151 875 163 995 71 933 0 1n
Slovenia 68 255 50 185 37 867 19 211 1 487 1n
South Africa 717 000 717 000 714 000 718 000 716 000 1n
Spain 230 000 200 000 190 000 0 0 1e
Sweden 120 000 117 000 124 000 120 000 119 000 1n
Tajikistan 100 800 84 000 61 000 62 000 66 649 1e
Türkiye 78 100 79 600 79 200 82 000 82 000 2n
United Arab Emirates 2 579 000 2 505 000 2 577 680 2 650 000 2 660 000 1n
United Kingdom 39 400 35 700 37 571 31 337 29 246 1n
United States 1 126 032 1 026 617 907 846 872 270 750 000 1e
Venezuela 10 000 9 996 38 340 8 430 10 000 2n

Total 63 230 201 65 404 146 67 481 563 68 817 370 70 659 931

Antimony

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 2 032 3 903 3 380 2 292 1 860 1n

Bolivia 2 747 2 629 3 084 3 453 3 884 1e
Canada 2 2 2 2 0 2n
China 68 422 60 995 41 480 39 000 41 000 1e
Guatemala 150 50 0 12 25 1e
Honduras 15 10 120 1e
Iran 330 1 065 1 960 3 890 1 555 1a
Kazakhstan 0 400 450 467 400 2n
Kyrgyzstan 20 20 0 23 85 2n
Laos 70 0 240 250 480 1n
Mexico 289 136 413 632 576 1n
Myanmar 4 800 6 600 2 870 3 230 2 360 1n
Pakistan 0 17 33 0 40 1e
Russia 21 671 17 532 9 750 4 391 32 475 1n
Tajikistan 29 900 24 070 24 110 14 500 14 800 2n
Türkiye 3 815 2 570 4 210 10 640 3 816 1e
Vietnam 396 312 268 517 394 1e

Total 134 659 120 311 92 370 83 299 103 750

Arsenic

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Belgium 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 2n

Bolivia 126 50 100 35 0 1e
China 24 000 24 000 25 000 25 000 24 000 1e
Japan 45 40 40 40 40 2n
Morocco 5 055 7 694 6 883 5 450 7 700 1n
Peru 24 915 19 014 21 877 25 379 31 162 1e
Russia 102 500 800 500 500 2n

Total 55 243 52 298 55 700 57 404 64 402

118 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Bauxite (crude ore)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 107 422 912 103 626 811 103 266 404 100 478 354 99 058 376 1e
Bosnia-Herzegovina 1 043 343 619 748 675 269 669 926 548 160 1e
Brazil 31 937 900 32 897 800 33 364 875 31 608 694 32 032 491 1e
China 73 323 700 70 000 000 68 400 000 74 300 000 65 516 300 1e
Colombia 18 033 9 595 49 946 48 016 2 779 1e
Cote d'Ivoire 0 272 295 0 54 963 105 000 2n
Croatia 14 342 14 084 14 448 17 749 14 660 1a
Dominican Republic 7 551 9 475 71 517 91 813 0 1e
France 120 760 123 496 142 764 118 000 120 000 2n
Ghana 1 116 334 1 162 086 839 465 773 213 959 601 1e
Greece 1 379 123 1 428 631 1 227 487 1 173 319 974 938 1a
Guinea 70 173 326 87 766 199 87 438 557 103 525 513 123 067 415 1e
Guyana 1 919 747 608 168 618 452 705 631 523 742 1e
India 21 825 227 20 380 548 22 135 961 23 844 406 23 360 795 1e
Indonesia 16 592 740 25 859 895 25 781 187 28 808 674 9 889 569 1e
Iran 828 788 1 042 325 883 950 955 528 871 073 1a
Jamaica 9 022 286 7 546 139 5 949 600 4 364 700 5 988 100 1e
Kazakhstan 4 118 400 4 057 800 4 370 100 4 175 900 4 559 900 1e
Laos 0 275 142 1e
Malaysia 900 561 594 715 47 577 129 825 576 770 1e
Montenegro 774 725 791 813 526 760 438 205 526 523 1e
Mozambique 8 024 6 491 7 852 14 583 5 481 1e
Pakistan 92 936 101 047 97 495 56 300 60 000 2e
Russia 6 641 000 6 647 000 6 565 000 6 712 000 6 867 700 1n
Saudi Arabia 5 127 000 5 227 927 5 649 000 5 930 000 5 900 000 2n
Sierra Leone 1 883 863 1 342 139 1 396 678 910 344 1 353 708 1a
Solomon Islands 1 234 030 841 890 0 0 0 1e
Tanzania 0 25 995 38 142 40 921 61 353 1e
Türkiye 2 255 480 2 399 680 2 764 873 3 637 217 2 934 790 1e
United States 154 900 16 440 0 12 580 48 230 1e
Venezuela 50 000 0 22 000 770 000 900 000 2n
Vietnam 3 700 000 3 610 000 4 100 000 3 900 000 3 800 000 2n

Total 363 687 031 379 030 232 376 445 359 398 266 374 390 902 596

Beryllium (concentrates)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Brazil 9 10 10 10 10 2n
China 1 750 1 750 1 750 1 850 1 925 1e
Madagascar 30 30 30 20 20 2n
Mozambique 45 80 330 531 882 1e
Nigeria 1 2 0 172 189 1e
Rwanda 20 20 20 20 20 2n
Uganda 15 186 35 35 0 1e
United States 4 050 4 160 4 380 4 330 4 590 1n
Zambia 7 2 6 7 6 1n

Total 5 927 6 240 6 561 6 975 7 642

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 119

Bismuth

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Bolivia 0 55 27 3 58 1e
Canada 4 4 0 0 0 1e
China 7 000 7 500 8 000 7 500 8 000 2n
Japan 540 570 478 480 500 2n
Kazakhstan 200 270 250 101 100 2n
Mexico 251 0 0 0 0 1e
Peru 73 74 247 251 304 1e
Russia 46 45 45 0 0 2n
Uzbekistan 2 2 2 3 0 2n
Vietnam 917 993 2 067 1 938 1 148 1n

Total 9 033 9 513 11 116 10 276 10 110

Cadmium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Argentina 80 46 0 0 0 1e
Australia 204 378 402 328 900 2b
Brazil 450 100 50 20 100 2n
Bulgaria 315 311 343 315 306 1n
Canada 1 803 1 800 1 800 1 800 1 800 2n
China 10 000 10 000 10 000 8 700 9 000 1n
Germany 620 500 450 300 112 1n
Japan 1 783 1 880 1 900 1 800 1 750 2n
Kazakhstan 1 200 1 500 1 500 1 000 1 200 2n
Korea, North 150 150 150 150 150 2n
Korea, South 3 950 4 100 4 000 4 000 4 500 2n
Mexico 952 978 1 051 1 174 1 021 1e
Netherlands 860 880 854 574 726 1b
Norway 370 344 390 420 420 2b
Peru 772 451 636 460 494 1e
Poland 199 485 292 0 0 1e
Russia 1 000 976 999 905 902 1n
United States 131 211 241 212 375 1e
Uzbekistan 250 450 470 453 470 1n

Total 25 089 25 540 25 528 22 611 24 226

Copper

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Albania 5 900 3 070 4 430 3 470 4 720 1a

Armenia 91 214 83 291 79 970 71 466 67 705 1e
Australia 925 157 868 019 801 052 826 271 778 303 1e
Azerbaijan 2 213 2 591 2 649 2 516 2 138 1n
Bolivia 4 478 2 822 3 310 3 608 3 881 1e
Botswana 0 0 11 742 44 269 72 411 1n
Brazil 363 268 353 258 335 923 297 653 376 338 1e

120 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Bulgaria 114 240 107 610 104 020 121 120 121 130 1a
Canada 557 242 581 713 509 350 509 059 484 552 1e
Chile 5 787 400 5 733 100 5 624 900 5 330 400 5 250 400 1e
China 1 683 450 1 942 000 1 964 400 1 925 600 1 830 000 1e
Colombia 7 641 9 372 9 194 6 918 6 007 1n
Congo, D.R. 1 461 124 1 712 964 1 924 374 2 394 630 2 842 022 1e
Congo, Rep. 18 760 10 300 11 012 11 940 8 419 1e
Cyprus 703 0 0 0 0 1a
Dominican Republic 6 047 2 193 4 774 5 360 9 673 1e
Ecuador 9 900 49 700 89 170 121 223 126 500 1n
Eritrea 16 008 21 725 20 224 17 098 17 595 1n
Finland 32 861 36 278 32 384 27 637 20 132 1a
Georgia 9 500 8 000 8 130 6 400 4 395 1a
Germany 40 37 60 67 71 1e
India 28 585 25 260 26 580 23 949 25 717 1n
Indonesia 351 220 505 650 731 060 940 770 907 210 1n
Iran 314 143 313 323 313 612 314 995 315 280 1a
Kazakhstan 604 970 548 760 511 940 594 050 614 416 1e
Korea, North 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2q
Kyrgyzstan 8 640 6 500 8 100 7 500 6 950 1n
Laos 140 935 88 163 38 349 43 766 56 309 1n
Mauritania 29 620 28 491 18 846 13 313 13 014 1e
Mexico 713 704 800 316 782 136 828 189 778 839 1e
Mongolia 290 980 291 010 303 030 268 930 313 270 1e
Morocco 30 720 31 750 50 340 31 030 31 590 1a
Myanmar 219 200 196 500 98 000 1 500 2 170 1n
Namibia 14 940 15 741 950 0 752 1e
North Macedonia 7 231 6 625 6 810 7 595 7 940 1e
Pakistan 13 049 13 200 18 806 16 346 17 042 1n
Panama 147 480 205 548 331 000 350 438 330 863 1a
Papua New Guinea 99 432 82 403 66 958 76 135 90 490 1n
Peru 2 437 925 2 150 126 2 326 035 2 445 271 2 755 244 1e
Philippines 71 892 60 856 51 589 59 511 61 981 1n
Poland 398 900 392 700 391 300 392 500 395 400 1e
Portugal 41 553 32 230 39 443 32 098 43 600 1e
Romania 9 180 9 130 9 240 11 550 9 250 1n
Russia 812 400 924 100 938 800 917 900 916 000 2e
Saudi Arabia 66 610 75 370 75 180 74 690 70 090 1n
Serbia 43 550 52 207 121 150 203 998 238 909 1n
Slovakia 17 20 76 30 37 1e
South Africa 52 501 38 334 51 138 49 194 50 023 1e
Spain 170 556 182 678 142 381 128 764 114 786 1a
Sweden 99 332 100 065 88 108 88 337 73 780 1e
Tajikistan 8 500 978 4 480 19 240 4 500 1e
Tanzania 1 500 1 706 1 521 4 090 3 785 1e
Türkiye 73 300 107 000 108 100 121 000 127 000 1q
United States 1 260 000 1 200 000 1 230 000 1 230 000 1 130 000 1e
Uzbekistan 137 300 142 800 148 500 148 520 148 500 1e
Vietnam 29 240 30 780 33 930 34 560 29 040 1n
Zambia 796 430 882 061 830 357 795 141 732 583 1e
Zimbabwe 8 731 7 933 8 650 10 168 14 221 1e

Total 20 633 412 21 080 357 21 449 563 22 013 773 22 458 973

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 121

Gallium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

China 356 290 420 606 701 1e

Japan 3 3 3 3 3 2n
Korea, South 2 2 2 2 3 2b
Russia 8 5 5 5 6 2n
Ukraine 5 4 1 0 0 2n

Total 374 304 431 616 713

Germanium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

China 85 86 132 130 154 1e

Japan 2 2 2 2 2 2n
Russia 5 5 5 5 5 2n
Ukraine 1 1 1 0 0 2n
United States 2 2 2 2 2 2n

Total 95 96 142 139 163

Indium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Belgium 20 20 20 19 19 2b
Canada 61 61 44 39 40 2b
China 490 528 540 667 646 1e
France 38 40 38 19 21 2b
Japan 70 66 66 66 65 2b
Korea, South 225 210 190 180 180 2b
Peru 7 7 7 0 0 2n
Russia 6 11 11 6 6 1n
Uzbekistan 1 1 1 1 1 2n

Total 918 944 917 997 978

Lead

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Argentina 29 768 13 600 17 098 18 599 29 780 1n

Australia 500 985 494 271 485 487 437 825 472 242 1e
Bolivia 88 002 64 619 92 767 89 761 102 927 1e
Bosnia-Herzegovina 7 470 6 110 6 310 6 730 6 670 1n
Brazil 5 715 5 351 6 307 8 304 16 237 1e
Bulgaria 23 350 20 680 21 420 23 110 20 690 1a

122 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Canada 22 608 3 770 8 280 4 436 2 000 2n
Chile 7 1 386 382 457 325 1e
China 2 097 000 1 942 000 1 964 400 1 945 900 1 960 000 1n
Cuba 36 000 30 000 30 000 33 000 35 000 2q
Finland 937 1 532 1 494 1 535 910 1a
Greece 14 818 19 717 16 773 10 100 15 220 1n
Guatemala 377 0 0 0 0 1e
Honduras 12 308 13 400 14 000 12 400 12 300 2n
India 197 080 216 280 224 140 218 610 226 400 1e
Indonesia 9 450 7 090 6 735 4 800 6 415 1n
Iran 72 500 81 800 74 100 105 500 103 100 2a
Ireland 16 053 14 401 13 192 14 181 7 019 1e
Kazakhstan 55 700 30 200 29 900 30 000 45 900 1e
Korea, North 25 000 24 000 25 000 25 000 25 000 2q
Korea, South 1 930 1 680 1 530 970 240 1e
Kosovo 3 960 3 870 5 250 4 734 3 850 1a
Laos 250 90 170 1 800 1 000 1n
Malaysia 0 332 1 950 1e
Mexico 372 106 468 486 272 231 428 971 373 609 1e
Mongolia 13 500 14 273 10 940 9 500 8 500 1n
Montenegro 3 480 640 0 1 350 3 710 1e
Morocco 32 770 38 190 31 340 36 050 26 310 1a
Myanmar 35 090 27 000 12 900 16 000 21 650 1n
Namibia 6 320 8 890 10 130 12 240 10 990 1e
Nepal 0 1 800 5 550 0 0 1e
Nigeria 23 550 20 100 45 500 52 400 41 500 2e
North Macedonia 43 490 44 930 42 870 41 600 43 930 1e
Pakistan 8 090 7 094 7 277 8 886 7 838 1n
Peru 307 021 241 548 264 427 255 443 273 335 1e
Poland 48 510 46 790 29 430 28 770 29 510 1e
Portugal 27 852 28 178 29 526 23 347 22 520 1e
Romania 520 510 690 300 700 1n
Russia 207 900 200 700 212 300 229 300 220 000 2n
Serbia 9 970 8 420 6 330 6 660 7 220 1e
Slovakia 111 102 101 126 155 1e
South Africa 42 936 28 048 31 224 39 974 40 271 1e
Spain 11 390 11 397 10 965 9 272 10 547 1a
Sweden 68 635 65 402 65 404 70 339 65 570 1e
Tajikistan 52 720 33 282 48 058 47 510 37 809 1n
Tunisia 300 900 1 500 900 1 000 1e
Türkiye 60 770 70 650 81 170 72 130 69 230 1e
United Kingdom 150 100 100 100 100 2e
United States 266 000 297 000 286 000 264 000 263 000 1e
Uzbekistan 19 100 18 400 30 500 17 200 14 550 1n
Vietnam 12 500 14 100 16 350 20 560 15 870 1n

Total 4 896 049 4 692 777 4 597 548 4 691 012 4 704 599

Lithium (Li2O-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Argentina 13 670 12 620 12 870 14 210 18 610 1e

Australia 105 700 89 300 113 600 150 300 204 200 1n
Bolivia 160 80 410 250 380 1e
Brazil 2 575 4 065 5 670 7 863 15 193 1e
Burundi 0 13 1e
Canada 1 200 0 2 150 6 690 5 436 1n
Chile 44 940 49 730 65 060 110 350 113 200 1e

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 123

China 19 000 28 800 30 500 57 900 106 300 1n
Nigeria 10 0 20 190 930 1e
Portugal 710 280 225 210 380 2e
Russia 43 45 46 32 30 2n
Tanzania 0 20 57 1e
United States 1 450 1 220 2 505 1 640 1 325 1e
Zimbabwe 2 650 860 1 670 3 540 33 900 1e

Total 192 108 187 000 234 726 353 195 499 954

Mercury

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Argentina 50 0 0 0 0 1e
China 2 046 1 993 1 400 637 700 2n
Kyrgyzstan 20 20 12 5 6 2e
Mexico 50 70 40 20 10 2n
Morocco 2 2 2 2 2 2n
Russia 50 30 30 10 30 2n
Tajikistan 91 178 311 326 300 2n
United States 15 15 15 15 15 2n

Total 2 324 2 308 1 810 1 015 1 063

Rare Earth Minerals (REO-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 17 660 19 440 21 970 17 660 20 280 1n

Brazil 380 450 580 1 580 1 280 1e
Burundi 195 296 134 0 0 1e
China 132 000 140 000 168 000 210 000 255 000 1e
India 2 520 2 500 2 000 2 600 2 600 2n
Madagascar 3 200 4 300 3 900 3 500 4 000 1e
Malaysia 70 10 30 310 300 2n
Myanmar 17 100 21 000 27 100 17 550 56 850 1n
Nigeria 30 100 380 390 1e
Russia 2 620 2 663 2 276 2 038 1 964 1n
United States 27 620 38 503 42 413 42 499 41 557 1n
Vietnam 300 700 1 000 1 300 1 100 2e

Total 203 665 229 892 269 503 299 417 385 321

Rhenium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

kg kg kg kg kg

Armenia 310 260 170 140 140 2n

Chile 24 003 14 549 18 831 32 303 50 754 1n
China 2 500 2 500 2 500 2 500 2 650 2e
Kazakhstan 1 000 1 000 1 000 800 800 2n

124 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Poland 5 770 6 580 6 401 4 367 6 491 1e
Russia 1 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2n
United States 8 360 8 830 9 290 8 870 9 410 1e
Uzbekistan 800 585 631 650 670 1n

Total 43 743 36 304 40 823 51 630 72 915

Selenium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Belgium 200 200 200 200 200 2n

Canada 102 102 57 110 130 1b
Chile 98 118 83 102 103 1n
China 1 250 1 120 1 400 1 400 1 400 1e
Finland 115 84 100 130 122 1a
Germany 300 300 300 300 300 2n
India 17 20 20 20 20 2n
Japan 740 740 720 710 680 1e
Kazakhstan 10 0 0 0 60 1n
Mexico 127 106 135 141 139 1e
Peru 56 53 48 57 50 1e
Philippines 100 100 200 200 300 2n
Poland 76 74 66 82 74 1e
Russia 193 195 230 200 250 2n
Serbia 20 10 4 10 10 2n
Sweden 53 69 51 20 20 2n
United States 144 66 112 112 100 2n
Uzbekistan 30 40 90 35 35 1n

Total 3 631 3 397 3 816 3 829 3 993

Tellurium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Bulgaria 3 4 3 3 1 1n
Canada 13 23 25 24 27 2b
China 380 260 530 500 500 2n
Japan 50 70 68 68 65 2b
Russia 38 55 60 40 50 2n
Sweden 41 42 41 33 36 1e
United States 2 2 10 10 10 2n
Uzbekistan 2 3 5 3 3 1n

Total 529 459 742 681 692

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 125

Tin

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 7 738 8 118 8 772 9 001 9 852 1e

Bolivia 17 147 14 709 19 628 17 613 18 693 1e
Brazil 14 867 16 634 15 410 19 176 25 121 1e
Burundi 143 121 100 80 70 2e
China 85 584 94 460 83 144 67 365 68 000 1e
Colombia 31 233 0 0 0 1e
Congo, D.R. 10 990 14 670 15 750 20 420 18 460 1e
India 12 13 14 36 23 1e
Indonesia 76 390 52 617 34 466 56 093 50 669 1e
Laos 530 600 890 1 130 790 1e
Malaysia 3 611 2 963 3 013 3 521 3 767 1e
Mongolia 20 0 11 46 16 1e
Myanmar 38 900 33 440 33 950 40 500 41 950 1n
Namibia 7 242 492 533 876 1n
Nigeria 6 900 5 970 6 890 8 340 7 680 2e
Peru 19 853 20 647 26 995 28 231 26 230 1e
Portugal 108 104 60 60 48 1e
Russia 2 471 2 559 3 317 3 507 3 570 1e
Rwanda 2 780 2 030 2 260 3 115 3 210 1e
Spain 101 115 255 315 356 1a
Tanzania 18 35 158 404 316 1e
Thailand 46 198 220 85 30 1e
Uganda 15 0 7 0 0 1e
Vietnam 6 071 7 229 7 804 8 016 9 079 1q

Total 294 333 277 707 263 606 287 587 288 806

Zinc

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Algeria 500 1 000 500 900 240 2n

Argentina 14 876 8 300 6 188 3 893 9 580 1n
Armenia 7 162 8 684 7 706 7 148 6 198 1e
Australia 1 337 321 1 314 910 1 318 696 1 237 373 1 098 290 1e
Bolivia 527 521 358 411 499 257 517 523 491 768 1e
Bosnia-Herzegovina 9 160 6 610 7 310 7 690 8 050 1n
Brazil 163 403 174 332 159 913 155 177 194 030 1e
Bulgaria 19 170 17 520 17 910 19 330 17 830 1a
Burkina Faso 106 680 78 990 84 170 22 880 0 1e
Canada 269 353 246 995 229 671 180 256 109 507 1e
Chile 5 620 28 662 27 915 24 092 22 059 1e
China 4 213 000 4 058 000 4 136 000 4 041 000 4 130 000 1e
Congo, D.R. 1 607 15 305 16 079 13 578 11 321 1e
Congo, Rep. 4 830 1 100 12 700 16 130 24 070 1e
Cuba 57 830 57 730 44 500 51 700 66 100 1n
Dominican Republic 5 527 2 361 4 896 5 485 10 837 1e
Eritrea 121 260 121 930 129 641 120 529 116 829 1n
Finland 69 800 61 213 59 080 62 433 58 387 1a
Greece 22 322 28 090 22 621 10 502 16 600 1n
Honduras 29 454 30 200 32 300 28 200 30 000 2n
India 719 220 756 090 788 400 836 100 853 400 1e
Indonesia 25 215 20 390 14 780 11 375 10 410 1n

126 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Iran 209 900 215 200 195 100 228 700 215 900 2a
Ireland 122 463 127 008 112 249 103 264 53 327 1e
Kazakhstan 321 900 341 400 318 400 315 100 352 900 1q
Korea, North 25 700 25 000 28 000 28 000 28 000 2q
Korea, South 4 110 4 250 4 370 3 960 810 1e
Kosovo 3 050 3 890 3 620 4 108 2 810 1a
Laos 1 250 860 5 400 18 750 7 100 1n
Malaysia 0 412 1 981 1e
Mexico 859 194 1 008 252 742 926 876 985 744 285 1e
Mongolia 41 550 61 564 55 344 61 900 60 300 1n
Montenegro 9 520 10 130 9 360 8 070 7 640 1e
Morocco 43 570 35 810 40 230 34 870 36 320 1a
Myanmar 13 680 11 310 6 200 10 600 8 980 1n
Namibia 124 630 62 260 41 180 38 400 35 621 1e
Nigeria 23 220 26 620 32 220 55 650 33 270 2e
North Macedonia 31 040 31 750 30 070 29 730 27 880 1e
Pakistan 37 365 35 054 35 391 42 349 41 295 1n
Peru 1 382 753 1 334 570 1 533 135 1 369 649 1 469 127 1e
Poland 40 000 43 000 0 0 0 1e
Portugal 161 569 176 849 188 395 182 262 185 670 1e
Romania 1 260 100 2 500 6 970 500 1n
Russia 275 400 260 700 287 900 304 250 320 000 2e
Saudi Arabia 27 270 26 790 22 710 24 660 23 510 1n
Serbia 7 510 11 480 11 310 9 960 10 380 1e
Slovakia 119 96 25 65 90 1e
South Africa 125 157 160 816 193 785 224 356 197 630 1e
Spain 90 980 90 368 90 480 82 963 89 219 1a
Sweden 247 657 234 811 236 416 233 958 217 596 1e
Tajikistan 78 150 48 416 70 573 59 055 45 071 1n
Tunisia 1 500 1 000 1 900 1 400 1 600 1e
Türkiye 146 800 140 400 180 500 184 800 187 700 1e
United States 753 000 723 000 704 000 763 000 767 000 1e
Uzbekistan 35 400 37 200 42 000 42 000 41 600 1n
Vietnam 13 000 11 150 10 700 14 420 20 970 1n

Total 12 990 498 12 697 927 12 856 622 12 737 910 12 521 588

6.4.3 Precious Metals

Gold

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

kg kg kg kg kg

Algeria 70 58 71 138 147 1e

Angola 23 59 32 79 41 1e
Argentina 53 125 34 936 37 280 41 370 38 510 1e
Armenia 5 825 5 284 3 714 4 230 930 1n
Australia 325 572 327 952 307 577 302 787 296 053 1e
Azerbaijan 3 897 3 635 3 427 3 271 2 659 1n
Benin 5 5 5 5 5 2n
Bolivia 42 000 23 207 45 662 53 374 46 615 1e
Botswana 943 851 649 427 331 1e
Brazil 89 988 98 922 93 817 94 632 86 900 2e
Bulgaria 7 467 9 349 9 695 8 529 9 276 1n
Burkina Faso 50 559 62 405 67 126 58 159 57 338 1e
Burundi 573 863 893 914 1 054 1e

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 127

Cambodia 0 1 466 3 320 3 524 1n
Cameroon 341 233 440 860 431 1e
Canada 191 716 177 756 196 491 189 393 191 035 1e
Central African Republic 359 401 840 1 507 1 549 1e
Chile 38 455 33 895 34 248 30 966 35 790 1e
China 380 230 365 340 328 980 372 048 375 155 1e
Colombia 38 018 48 775 56 772 52 313 61 300 1e
Congo, D.R. 33 752 29 597 31 421 29 498 34 526 1e
Congo, Rep. 150 150 150 150 150 2n
Costa Rica 4 500 600 647 790 800 2n
Cote d'Ivoire 32 568 38 523 41 855 48 320 51 185 1e
Cyprus 33 61 0 0 0 1a
Dominican Republic 31 801 28 154 25 437 22 282 17 646 1e
Ecuador 6 293 9 086 15 026 17 272 17 550 1n
Egypt 14 946 14 069 12 919 13 716 13 998 1n
Eritrea 2 443 3 019 2 140 3 200 2 550 1n
Eswatini 6 1 0 4 23 1e
Ethiopia 2 800 7 500 9 600 5 900 3 500 1e
Fiji 1 106 1 090 1 107 584 545 1e
Finland 7 927 8 668 9 082 8 390 8 804 1a
French Guiana 1 157 1 058 1 225 935 1 110 1e
Gabon 107 55 1 106 1 063 1 276 1e
Georgia 4 052 5 401 3 513 4 908 5 000 1a
Germany 15 10 12 14 14 1e
Ghana 142 371 125 114 87 721 115 937 125 611 1e
Greece 2 333 2 177 3 315 1 752 2 088 1n
Guinea 27 708 91 798 102 046 86 236 75 599 1e
Guyana 19 963 18 209 15 522 15 129 13 440 1e
Honduras 3 035 1 963 2 824 1 911 2 051 1n
India 1 742 1 127 1 375 1 359 1 428 1e
Indonesia 108 900 66 190 72 660 97 140 94 610 1n
Iran 8 140 6 919 6 990 7 472 8 674 1a
Japan 6 313 7 590 6 225 4 886 4 139 1e
Kazakhstan 106 559 116 964 114 843 129 794 131 204 1e
Kenya 395 150 292 564 410 1e
Korea, North 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 2q
Korea, South 181 170 162 128 43 1e
Kyrgyzstan 26 127 24 150 24 870 27 800 24 600 1n
Laos 5 207 5 097 8 742 9 383 8 312 1n
Liberia 5 068 4 396 7 860 11 718 13 639 1e
Madagascar 2 423 1 779 2 000 2 000 2 000 1e
Malawi 0 55 70 60 1e
Malaysia 3 151 1 716 1 781 1 828 1 584 1e
Mali 66 739 71 200 69 400 72 200 72 600 1e
Mauritania 13 554 14 125 6 499 17 711 20 129 1e
Mexico 133 893 142 787 133 340 147 700 131 842 1e
Mongolia 16 235 20 226 19 054 19 383 14 855 1e
Morocco 221 143 147 167 104 1n
Mozambique 430 488 764 1 264 1 666 1e
Myanmar 267 871 773 506 510 2e
Namibia 7 016 6 718 7 648 7 438 9 800 1e
New Zealand 8 217 5 860 5 815 6 674 6 844 1e
Nicaragua 9 190 8 087 11 144 11 549 13 330 3e
Niger 5 224 2 361 4 010 4 605 2 534 1e
Nigeria 9 000 1 520 2 000 3 048 2 632 1n
North Macedonia 593 448 470 600 600 2n
Panama 1 869 2 633 4 405 4 347 4 039 1a
Papua New Guinea 71 050 52 265 39 135 42 310 41 540 1n
Peru 113 586 85 368 97 493 96 966 100 986 1e
Philippines 20 687 21 030 25 297 29 036 31 046 1e
Poland 674 878 768 769 442 1e
Romania 500 500 500 500 500 2q

128 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Russia 305 050 308 560 313 830 302 000 312 800 2e
Rwanda 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2n
Saudi Arabia 12 418 13 222 11 153 12 268 13 476 1n
Senegal 14 550 12 408 14 678 15 220 12 864 1n
Serbia 1 452 1 550 4 794 7 290 6 944 1n
Sierra Leone 75 25 149 185 163 1a
Slovakia 346 336 392 399 492 1e
Solomon Islands 0 121 1 788 1n
South Africa 105 185 95 781 107 890 89 598 96 626 1e
Spain 1 913 1 609 1 822 1 369 1 605 1a
Sudan 57 700 35 700 49 700 41 800 23 200 1e
Suriname 24 516 21 214 18 634 19 541 17 853 1n
Sweden 7 972 8 249 8 805 8 054 7 358 1e
Taiwan 6 3 1 1 3 1e
Tajikistan 8 100 8 764 9 330 9 225 9 220 1n
Tanzania 48 408 55 805 59 638 56 943 54 760 1e
Thailand 0 857 1n
Togo 8 227 3 565 3 600 3 600 3 600 2n
Türkiye 39 000 42 100 39 290 31 020 36 250 1e
Uganda 7 10 13 8 4 1e
United Kingdom 50 28 79 266 126 1n
United States 201 000 193 400 187 000 173 000 170 000 1e
Uzbekistan 100 900 100 000 100 360 105 540 107 120 1n
Venezuela 9 100 9 000 9 000 9 000 9 000 2n
Vietnam 540 559 664 1 114 962 1n
Zambia 4 522 3 994 3 987 3 409 2 145 1n
Zimbabwe 29 429 20 873 31 477 37 265 32 391 1e

Total 3 313 849 3 202 740 3 220 656 3 297 464 3 266 418

Palladium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

kg kg kg kg kg

Australia 390 420 380 390 410 1e

Canada 21 928 10 897 15 433 14 591 17 267 1e
China 1 300 1 300 1 300 1 300 2 000 2n
Finland 699 858 1 036 960 762 1a
Poland 5 4 4 4 5 2n
Russia 92 910 81 990 83 640 80 870 83 980 1n
Serbia 100 100 140 110 25 1e
South Africa 80 684 66 264 84 336 73 104 74 918 1e
United States 14 323 14 555 13 725 10 096 10 251 1n
Uzbekistan 28 91 160 93 60 1n
Zimbabwe 11 640 12 890 12 619 13 935 15 857 1e

Total 224 007 189 369 212 773 195 453 205 535

Platinum

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

kg kg kg kg kg

Australia 95 100 90 100 100 1e

Canada 9 633 4 860 4 255 4 469 6 120 1e
China 2 500 2 500 2 500 2 800 3 000 1e

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 129

Colombia 198 453 618 583 893 1e
Finland 953 1 277 1 447 1 243 933 1a
Poland 8 6 5 5 6 2n
Russia 22 430 21 740 19 840 18 660 20 650 1n
Serbia 10 22 30 10 5 2n
South Africa 132 989 111 993 141 626 124 401 124 870 1e
United States 4 152 4 203 4 017 3 003 3 038 1n
Zimbabwe 13 857 15 004 14 732 16 460 19 180 1e

Total 186 825 162 158 189 160 171 734 178 795

Rhodium

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

kg kg kg kg kg

Canada 750 400 450 500 334 1e

Russia 2 115 1 800 1 650 1 805 2 180 1n
South Africa 19 545 16 972 20 875 18 687 18 549 1e
United States 100 100 100 100 100 2n
Zimbabwe 1 224 1 368 1 334 1 461 1 672 1e

Total 23 734 20 640 24 409 22 553 22 835

Silver

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

kg kg kg kg kg

Algeria 30 20 12 20 20 2n
Argentina 1 070 670 767 087 843 230 882 140 810 190 1n
Armenia 17 922 19 493 19 480 18 920 15 286 1n
Australia 1 325 089 1 337 344 1 329 718 1 169 252 1 032 993 1e
Azerbaijan 8 160 7 590 8 988 12 600 5 211 1n
Bolivia 1 153 109 929 909 1 289 456 1 214 301 1 350 216 1e
Botswana 0 10 383 31 174 55 396 1e
Brazil 50 000 68 430 71 540 74 650 102 640 1n
Bulgaria 40 755 39 126 38 661 26 437 22 800 1n
Burkina Faso 5 670 10 012 8 897 7 326 7 891 1e
Canada 399 359 313 516 301 109 290 946 240 523 1e
Chile 1 309 321 1 575 794 1 383 041 1 274 363 1 262 287 1e
China 3 468 000 3 405 800 3 511 600 3 477 400 3 399 600 1n
Colombia 14 481 20 354 26 853 35 909 51 699 1e
Congo, D.R. 3 400 3 400 3 400 3 400 3 400 2n
Cote d'Ivoire 300 956 1 418 1 604 1 600 2n
Cyprus 97 486 0 0 0 1a
Dominican Republic 108 685 87 889 79 688 73 413 52 042 1e
Ecuador 2 892 15 037 34 915 44 315 47 950 1n
Eritrea 44 836 65 284 68 624 49 855 48 532 1n
Ethiopia 800 1 000 1 000 800 600 2n
Fiji 692 479 622 475 607 1e
Finland 40 461 54 833 45 338 35 182 43 915 1a
Georgia 4 100 11 200 12 700 22 400 24 000 1a
Germany 4 000 4 000 6 000 7 000 7 000 1e
Ghana 4 000 3 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 2n
Greece 37 790 51 111 44 086 32 870 42 988 1n
Honduras 45 174 40 400 37 495 30 000 32 000 2n

130 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

India 609 340 705 795 697 412 684 184 738 664 1e
Indonesia 487 400 338 100 295 920 298 650 281 060 1n
Iran 80 870 84 000 84 000 87 100 87 100 1n
Ireland 1 578 918 1 342 2 750 998 1e
Japan 3 467 4 192 3 339 2 923 2 604 1e
Kazakhstan 1 022 068 1 035 181 1 004 789 1 013 070 894 807 1e
Korea, North 50 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 2q
Korea, South 5 245 7 203 10 001 7 100 2 322 1e
Kyrgyzstan 19 010 16 127 16 549 17 400 15 400 2n
Laos 34 443 29 075 26 998 22 685 19 526 1n
Malaysia 686 423 672 414 6 726 1n
Mali 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 2n
Mexico 7 485 602 7 424 554 6 492 180 7 067 580 7 277 840 1e
Mongolia 79 864 77 762 79 035 73 476 73 000 2n
Morocco 216 580 189 220 194 360 203 240 231 700 1n
Namibia 7 765 7 520 5 847 5 200 5 000 2n
New Zealand 4 060 1 393 3 055 3 922 5 554 1e
Nicaragua 17 362 20 411 21 460 21 697 36 500 3e
Niger 100 120 87 100 100 2n
Nigeria 0 166 277 1n
North Macedonia 15 620 16 090 15 470 15 260 16 120 1n
Panama 35 217 49 628 78 419 87 498 84 737 1a
Papua New Guinea 162 630 129 695 103 210 88 170 136 530 1n
Peru 3 706 760 2 721 461 3 333 632 3 084 039 3 041 394 1e
Philippines 31 267 24 024 30 856 56 227 46 160 1e
Poland 1 249 000 1 218 200 1 302 900 1 315 800 1 319 900 1e
Portugal 95 270 95 954 97 945 78 412 88 676 1n
Romania 18 000 18 000 18 000 18 000 18 000 2q
Russia 1 533 000 1 457 000 1 517 000 1 567 000 1 550 000 2e
Saudi Arabia 7 123 7 479 8 604 9 464 9 000 2n
Senegal 898 1 090 1 310 1 325 982 1e
Serbia 14 502 15 900 11 600 10 900 5 000 2n
Slovakia 295 269 328 354 407 1e
Solomon Islands 0 25 220 1n
South Africa 55 903 38 118 37 146 45 724 41 929 1e
Spain 77 501 92 662 80 848 58 235 88 796 1a
Sudan 1 000 1 000 1 000 2 000 1 000 2n
Sweden 419 926 400 929 428 585 422 086 404 055 1e
Tajikistan 11 100 11 350 11 500 11 000 12 000 2n
Tanzania 12 550 13 187 9 324 13 602 14 481 1e
Thailand 0 10 417 1n
Türkiye 241 590 98 270 162 670 143 260 96 130 1e
United Kingdom 130 100 358 1 328 650 1n
United States 981 000 1 080 000 1 020 000 1 010 000 1 020 000 1e
Uzbekistan 172 000 196 000 211 500 217 725 239 500 1n
Vietnam 500 555 670 1 451 1 744 1n
Zimbabwe 1 500 1 522 2 677 1 545 753 1e

Total 28 132 515 26 517 027 26 654 852 26 642 839 26 643 145

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 131

6.4.4 Industrial Minerals

Asbestos

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Brazil 12 205 77 057 172 256 182 965 189 340 1e

China 125 000 120 000 130 000 196 000 196 000 2n
Kazakhstan 210 700 227 400 250 100 250 200 255 300 1e
Russia 789 600 707 811 750 000 629 000 598 000 1e

Total 1 137 505 1 132 268 1 302 356 1 258 165 1 238 640

Baryte

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Algeria 31 138 32 940 44 662 49 184 49 200 2n

Argentina 3 898 0 0 0 0 1e
Australia 1 982 0 1 127 3 922 3 754 1e
Bolivia 39 458 9 611 26 780 48 952 54 509 1e
Brazil 9 223 1 849 361 4 931 1 795 1e
Bulgaria 72 000 41 000 72 000 75 000 60 000 1e
Canada 40 000 40 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 2n
China 2 900 000 2 500 000 2 200 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 2n
Colombia 2 270 2 046 1 164 1 034 1 376 1e
Ecuador 2 000 2 000 1 000 500 1 000 2n
Egypt 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 2n
Germany 30 474 26 656 27 921 24 128 16 434 1e
Guatemala 50 50 100 20 0 1e
India 2 739 035 2 500 000 2 500 000 2 000 000 2 400 000 2n
Iran 247 207 285 756 297 469 224 626 389 429 1a
Kazakhstan 530 600 445 300 1 016 500 650 000 650 000 2n
Korea, North 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 2n
Laos 48 600 96 278 37 403 302 709 725 207 1e
Mexico 415 180 480 954 320 642 498 225 482 302 1e
Morocco 1 119 811 501 939 840 486 925 905 931 332 1a
Myanmar 12 439 2 642 2 220 32 089 29 300 2e
Nigeria 370 544 1 560 1 170 30 1e
Pakistan 116 480 55 341 51 553 127 600 140 970 1e
Peru 16 373 5 242 10 361 29 293 11 824 1e
Russia 163 000 265 000 252 000 260 000 220 000 2n
Thailand 33 644 22 394 4 988 6 509 30 685 1e
Tunisia 10 000 10 000 11 100 10 000 10 000 2n
Türkiye 413 811 283 161 256 076 344 322 215 946 1e
United Kingdom 46 000 46 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 2n
United States 414 000 125 409 257 450 361 582 344 750 1e
Vietnam 43 000 51 500 39 600 42 000 48 500 2e

Total 9 510 043 7 841 612 8 362 523 8 111 701 8 906 343

132 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Bentonite

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Algeria 36 700 34 200 31 700 33 700 34 000 2n

Argentina 120 000 98 000 133 235 145 611 174 190 1e
Australia 56 000 42 713 46 658 26 332 47 551 1e
Azerbaijan 222 519 155 112 174 242 175 875 127 010 1a
Bolivia 0 0 0 5 057 5 100 2n
Bosnia-Herzegovina 94 601 69 183 75 761 28 173 37 878 1e
Brazil 403 763 217 055 220 000 220 000 200 000 2n
Bulgaria 45 000 40 900 72 100 72 000 61 000 1a
Chile 395 170 170 1 372 463 1e
China 5 600 000 3 650 000 2 500 000 2 100 000 2 100 000 1e
Colombia 145 643 185 418 88 339 58 815 31 263 1e
Cuba 504 486 517 290 269 1e
Cyprus 83 113 92 645 81 655 86 562 102 442 1a
Czechia 357 000 226 000 198 000 167 000 196 000 1e
Denmark 48 197 40 054 20 281 24 128 18 962 1e
Egypt 7 000 7 000 7 000 7 000 5 000 2n
France 36 000 36 000 36 000 176 628 180 000 2n
Georgia 27 872 12 750 16 315 22 955 34 600 1a
Germany 366 000 333 000 363 000 331 000 285 000 1e
Greece 1 393 958 979 329 1 253 789 1 106 201 1 166 920 1a
Guatemala 12 700 6 000 7 378 7 400 7 400 2n
Hungary 41 500 42 000 42 000 38 501 38 000 2n
India 3 605 000 3 740 000 3 550 000 3 500 000 3 500 000 2n
Iran 761 079 714 684 1 153 283 1 341 023 1 960 421 1a
Italy 82 720 65 989 32 252 102 264 394 391 1e
Japan 250 000 250 000 250 000 176 628 180 000 2n
Kazakhstan 52 000 59 200 60 000 60 000 65 000 2n
Korea, South 43 886 5 314 34 243 341 335 8 000 1e
Mexico 24 321 79 219 0 0 0 1e
Morocco 188 081 92 387 134 340 135 600 89 274 1a
Mozambique 77 734 80 189 118 692 113 985 71 593 1e
Myanmar 0 500 500 0 0 1e
New Zealand 500 500 500 500 500 2n
North Macedonia 682 2 196 1 277 0 0 1e
Norway 0 0 12 803 0 0 1a
Pakistan 48 332 107 742 59 744 45 000 45 000 2n
Peru 46 887 25 532 56 199 22 931 24 783 1e
Philippines 13 050 4 720 6 059 22 603 26 556 1e
Poland 500 920 500 0 1 110 1e
Romania 41 964 45 495 54 648 61 165 62 026 1e
Russia 720 000 720 000 500 000 535 000 537 000 1n
Slovakia 260 120 261 640 274 350 302 135 272 234 1e
Slovenia 99 77 75 68 86 1a
South Africa 105 084 85 558 98 606 96 540 77 598 1e
Spain 160 477 205 773 171 572 186 363 117 550 1a
Türkiye 1 533 547 1 658 837 2 020 356 2 018 993 2 494 366 1e
Turkmenistan 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 2n
Ukraine 124 700 125 000 125 000 50 000 50 000 2n
United States 4 520 000 4 250 000 4 580 000 4 580 000 4 360 000 1e
Uruguay 6 730 16 550 19 710 21 574 15 547 1e
Uzbekistan 32 588 48 739 59 053 60 000 60 000 2n

Total 21 808 546 18 924 776 18 751 902 18 618 307 19 276 083

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 133

Boron Minerals

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Argentina 181 818 134 604 188 868 164 124 170 000 2n
Bolivia 214 269 258 143 312 906 295 515 327 253 1e
Chile 352 255 288 103 363 032 421 935 450 239 1e
China 250 000 250 000 250 000 300 000 360 300 1e
Iran 2 026 1 495 2 000 2 735 13 250 1a
Kazakhstan 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 0 2n
Peru 111 108 43 645 246 362 292 986 259 424 1e
Russia 81 800 85 500 89 600 88 800 91 500 1n
Türkiye 2 040 000 1 680 000 2 540 000 2 590 000 1 920 000 1e
United States 1 030 000 830 000 900 000 1 160 000 1 200 000 2n

Total 4 293 276 3 601 490 4 922 768 5 346 095 4 791 966

Diamonds (Gem)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

ct ct ct ct ct

Angola 8 209 365 7 118 240 7 597 280 7 606 550 8 615 980 1e
Australia 243 090 199 600 0 0 0 1e
Botswana 16 580 900 11 807 600 15 887 200 17 135 300 18 319 200 1e
Brazil 53 240 41 320 46 670 45 490 25 310 1e
Canada 18 573 661 14 208 812 16 994 679 16 217 233 15 674 351 1e
Central African Republic 22 040 49 470 74 220 90 900 85 060 1e
China 51 21 0 0 0 1c
Congo, D.R. 2 020 450 2 588 850 2 594 650 1 948 550 424 880 1e
Cote d'Ivoire 3 989 4 012 4 121 3 969 2 368 1e
Ghana 27 030 20 230 43 340 61 690 152 070 1e
Guinea 171 880 96 430 204 990 160 000 90 040 1c
Guyana 54 990 19 240 45 106 83 614 72 301 1c
India 10 301 5 010 0 0 0 1e
Lesotho 1 113 526 481 243 339 452 548 150 471 745 1c
Liberia 33 560 32 760 37 820 26 590 27 290 1e
Namibia 1 722 830 1 428 445 1 446 964 2 078 670 2 266 020 1e
Russia 25 804 591 18 711 931 23 470 180 25 154 350 22 390 050 1e
Sierra Leone 433 054 603 360 541 400 524 880 408 270 1a
South Africa 3 373 210 4 158 000 4 498 200 4 210 400 2 437 800 1e
Tanzania 354 240 125 110 53 165 375 715 108 760 1e
Venezuela 0 794 457 1 665 0 1c
Zimbabwe 423 840 534 090 844 860 968 800 764 730 1e

Total 79 229 838 62 234 568 74 724 754 77 242 516 72 336 225

Diamonds (Ind)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

ct ct ct ct ct

Angola 912 150 790 920 1 124 200 1 156 760 1 138 330 1e
Australia 11 911 450 9 780 400 0 0 0 1e
Botswana 7 106 100 5 060 400 6 808 800 7 343 700 6 775 600 1e
Brazil 108 085 83 890 94 760 92 350 51 390 1e

134 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Cameroon 1 737 2 438 2 668 2 431 2 950 1e
Central African Republic 5 510 12 370 18 550 27 150 26 860 1e
Congo, D.R. 11 449 240 10 355 400 10 378 700 8 307 100 7 880 920 1e
Congo, Rep. 2 963 11 157 4 125 3 534 4 074 1c
Ghana 6 760 5 060 10 835 20 560 50 690 1e
Guinea 57 300 32 145 68 330 53 330 30 000 1c
India 18 515 8 910 277 421 55 1e
Liberia 22 370 21 840 25 210 28 800 29 560 1e
Namibia 90 675 75 180 76 156 109 405 119 265 1e
Russia 19 466 621 12 474 620 15 646 790 16 769 560 14 926 700 1e
Sierra Leone 391 403 83 040 297 700 155 550 121 950 1a
South Africa 3 807 495 4 318 000 5 228 000 5 439 000 3 466 200 1e
Tanzania 62 510 22 080 9 380 66 300 23 875 1e
Togo 16 2 0 0 0 1e
Zimbabwe 1 695 350 2 136 370 3 379 440 3 875 220 4 333 480 1e

Total 57 116 250 45 274 222 43 173 921 43 451 171 38 981 899

Diatomite

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Algeria 2 437 3 040 3 066 3 015 3 000 2n

Argentina 94 610 98 575 156 426 183 533 157 680 1e
Australia 8 2 011 25 935 4 005 262 1e
Brazil 17 673 35 574 10 665 35 844 16 546 1e
Chile 21 328 21 477 27 096 24 279 17 319 1e
China 420 000 362 000 320 000 368 000 370 000 2n
Costa Rica 4 000 4 000 16 462 14 642 15 000 2n
Czechia 43 000 46 000 18 000 44 000 38 000 1e
Denmark 108 800 115 000 120 600 143 100 101 900 1e
Ethiopia 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 2n
France 90 000 90 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 2n
Germany 53 802 51 511 58 519 50 321 44 439 1e
Iran 600 170 5 550 0 1 800 1a
Kenya 921 928 763 1 401 770 1e
Korea, South 40 910 65 240 49 616 49 097 120 941 1e
Mexico 129 274 144 105 140 928 107 062 102 906 1e
Mozambique 72 439 35 257 72 914 51 449 29 633 1e
Peru 91 103 85 406 94 860 104 660 98 872 1e
Poland 680 810 980 1 170 1 620 1e
Russia 51 000 51 000 176 800 180 000 200 000 2n
Spain 62 741 59 250 55 982 87 095 73 997 1a
Thailand 0 3 000 1n
Türkiye 220 757 100 327 207 732 237 267 154 444 1e
Uganda 0 96 433 21 0 1e
United States 768 000 822 000 998 000 827 000 849 000 1e

Total 2 299 083 2 198 777 2 616 327 2 571 961 2 456 129

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 135

Feldspar

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Algeria 170 000 170 000 170 000 170 000 170 000 2n
Argentina 10 000 32 000 40 000 40 000 40 000 2n
Australia 50 1 241 52 945 54 1e
Austria 35 000 35 000 35 000 35 000 35 000 1e
Brazil 632 349 450 573 491 042 756 364 621 075 1e
Chile 55 329 0 0 28 1e
China 2 450 000 2 450 000 2 450 000 2 500 000 2 500 000 2n
Colombia 180 235 134 847 99 755 164 783 73 675 1e
Cuba 2 100 14 100 17 800 5 900 17 300 1e
Czechia 460 000 419 000 504 000 493 000 352 000 1e
Dominican Republic 1 000 0 0 0 2 100 1e
Ecuador 45 000 0 0 0 0 1e
Egypt 230 000 200 000 200 000 200 000 200 000 2n
Finland 17 997 16 137 52 706 63 034 55 211 1a
France 500 000 500 000 500 000 450 000 450 000 2n
Germany 235 289 221 527 223 007 205 330 180 994 1e
Guatemala 28 771 25 578 34 232 30 000 20 000 2n
India 6 172 997 4 820 000 6 430 000 6 000 000 6 000 000 2n
Indonesia 480 800 287 400 313 200 325 700 445 800 1e
Iran 2 415 368 1 910 505 2 803 515 3 094 356 3 860 951 1a
Italy 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 200 000 2n
Korea, South 396 898 415 426 987 309 851 046 990 546 1e
Malaysia 241 189 144 487 168 570 216 394 220 000 2n
Mexico 516 196 903 385 390 076 425 240 383 444 1e
Morocco 101 947 185 772 427 387 587 289 773 761 1a
Nigeria 33 702 19 453 43 997 37 250 76 575 1e
North Macedonia 29 519 13 115 26 625 35 815 34 591 1e
Norway 80 000 69 000 60 000 60 000 45 020 1a
Pakistan 295 381 343 075 451 985 413 000 415 000 2n
Peru 29 134 24 132 27 274 24 358 14 111 1e
Philippines 47 000 47 000 47 000 47 000 47 000 2n
Poland 42 160 29 440 11 110 15 030 46 930 1e
Portugal 106 754 122 969 145 362 167 673 159 047 1e
Romania 20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 2n
Russia 281 300 290 000 290 000 300 000 400 000 2n
Saudi Arabia 216 000 523 000 621 000 652 000 650 000 2n
Slovakia 19 100 29 100 10 000 22 900 6 300 1e
South Africa 76 255 48 427 67 113 75 382 142 820 1e
Spain 855 139 911 095 820 749 716 535 617 009 1a
Sri Lanka 65 400 50 000 60 000 50 000 50 000 2n
Sudan 17 000 25 000 6 400 10 000 10 000 2n
Sweden 25 000 27 537 28 000 25 000 25 000 2n
Thailand 1 251 143 1 105 344 1 346 997 1 953 918 1 884 301 1e
Türkiye 9 447 810 10 050 911 12 936 959 15 781 540 9 478 458 1e
Uganda 0 95 1 388 555 1e
Ukraine 60 000 50 000 60 000 30 000 30 000 2n
United States 450 000 480 000 420 000 430 000 450 000 1e
Uruguay 100 210 240 300 800 1e
Venezuela 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 2n

Total 31 001 138 29 846 115 36 068 557 39 713 470 34 225 456

136 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Fluorspar

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Afghanistan 50 000 10 000 10 000 27 600 37 256 1e

Argentina 1 500 48 000 10 000 10 000 2 000 2n
Brazil 24 399 24 730 28 158 28 969 28 365 1e
Canada 80 000 50 000 50 000 20 000 0 1e
China 4 000 000 4 300 000 5 400 000 5 700 000 5 700 000 1e
Egypt 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 2n
Germany 79 959 64 933 56 632 61 563 35 508 1e
India 1 315 1 052 1 422 987 6 296 1e
Iran 54 824 116 159 65 000 62 005 39 321 1a
Korea, North 6 900 6 900 6 000 6 000 6 000 2n
Laos 0 315 2 716 1e
Mexico 1 231 465 914 597 1 007 118 1 000 626 1 162 591 1e
Mongolia 699 400 678 900 644 270 387 740 492 500 1e
Morocco 73 244 83 833 189 012 77 035 101 369 1a
Nigeria 4 730 17 557 39 087 25 900 23 960 1n
Pakistan 4 186 5 981 7 841 9 200 9 200 2n
Russia 4 000 32 000 76 000 76 000 56 000 1e
South Africa 252 974 330 000 400 000 410 000 452 000 1e
Spain 145 185 185 958 187 225 153 415 146 975 1a
Tajikistan 1 000 10 000 10 000 2 000 2 000 2n
Thailand 22 247 9 807 9 766 59 243 187 566 1e
Türkiye 14 400 19 896 10 348 17 252 32 407 1e
United Kingdom 14 000 15 000 16 674 13 000 8 000 2n
Vietnam 238 003 219 920 215 027 217 975 146 007 1n

Total 7 004 731 7 146 223 8 440 580 8 367 825 8 679 037

Graphite

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Austria 100 100 200 300 300 2n

Brazil 81 770 67 020 78 555 72 780 56 053 1e
Canada 4 332 16 239 9 290 13 000 4 261 1n
China 1 185 000 1 090 000 1 189 000 1 161 000 1 208 000 1e
Colombia 135 0 0 0 0 1e
Germany 207 108 181 185 136 1e
India 34 674 35 386 41 983 91 017 128 947 1e
Korea, North 45 000 45 000 30 000 20 000 20 000 2n
Korea, South 302 3 052 18 297 23 798 9 615 1e
Madagascar 45 106 61 405 127 562 114 634 60 720 1e
Mexico 2 342 2 033 1 509 3 420 3 124 1e
Mozambique 153 000 18 159 77 116 165 932 97 346 1e
Norway 9 780 5 549 6 293 10 380 6 483 1n
Russia 17 500 12 900 17 300 18 800 14 500 2e
Sri Lanka 3 100 2 500 3 388 3 096 2 998 1e
Tanzania 10 860 2 490 3 230 7 270 13 475 1e
Türkiye 9 990 15 205 28 336 27 715 27 974 1e
Ukraine 10 000 10 000 17 000 846 1 666 1n
Vietnam 3 500 3 700 1 200 500 1 100 2e

Total 1 616 698 1 390 846 1 650 440 1 734 673 1 656 698

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 137

Gypsum and Anhydrite

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Afghanistan 24 682 21 779 16 349 10 991 192 137 1e

Albania 106 070 111 880 116 295 78 239 95 262 1a
Algeria 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 500 000 2 500 000 2 500 000 2n
Angola 119 260 165 290 79 680 266 570 270 000 2n
Argentina 761 013 499 092 690 000 737 000 376 680 1e
Armenia 45 890 29 650 16 540 65 940 7 580 1e
Australia 4 000 217 3 428 633 4 193 215 4 830 208 4 917 390 1e
Austria 900 217 901 619 900 374 876 075 702 581 1e
Azerbaijan 314 224 297 594 417 892 369 908 599 141 1e
Bhutan 490 596 331 050 403 753 400 183 1 100 000 1e
Bolivia 3 905 1 000 1 000 168 922 89 000 1e
Bosnia-Herzegovina 130 788 140 994 297 225 135 408 104 125 1e
Brazil 2 842 654 2 851 643 3 260 209 5 159 687 5 754 563 1e
Bulgaria 88 000 54 800 77 400 77 000 30 400 1a
Canada 2 445 062 3 062 710 2 908 792 3 306 341 3 479 599 1e
Chile 977 397 910 310 1 007 206 978 846 832 770 1e
China 65 000 000 60 000 000 60 884 000 60 110 000 59 360 800 1e
Colombia 294 137 323 157 408 681 480 748 389 107 1e
Croatia 199 255 221 629 285 966 278 581 288 960 1a
Cuba 66 330 62 300 53 200 32 600 37 400 1e
Cyprus 623 545 646 340 661 175 688 270 690 909 1a
Czechia 10 000 17 000 17 000 20 000 11 000 1e
Dominican Republic 316 630 304 920 329 630 415 810 332 700 1e
Egypt 800 000 800 000 800 000 800 000 800 000 2n
Eritrea 18 000 18 000 26 000 26 000 26 000 2n
Ethiopia 56 313 107 070 110 000 110 000 110 000 2n
France 3 259 935 1 891 190 2 108 258 2 410 284 1 808 560 1e
Georgia 137 831 87 655 79 515 22 028 57 600 1a
Germany 4 850 000 5 200 000 6 260 000 5 820 000 4 730 000 1e
Greece 589 012 622 834 647 164 656 296 746 656 1a
Guatemala 140 901 423 281 138 552 206 143 240 109 1e
Honduras 34 964 45 254 45 000 75 000 75 000 2n
India 3 006 046 6 788 200 3 547 250 4 000 000 4 000 000 2n
Iran 14 750 093 15 124 823 14 322 761 18 406 880 18 895 228 1a
Iraq 1 000 000 1 000 000 1 000 000 1 100 000 1 100 000 2n
Ireland 200 000 150 000 110 000 110 000 110 000 2e
Israel 72 000 0 35 740 49 062 88 124 1a
Italy 298 242 163 749 0 847 447 418 061 1e
Jamaica 55 000 65 800 65 600 84 500 70 500 1e
Jordan 264 724 184 917 399 968 400 000 400 000 2n
Kazakhstan 78 200 94 500 184 700 233 100 149 600 1e
Kenya 5 700 5 700 6 000 6 000 6 000 2n
Kyrgyzstan 150 000 23 019 31 680 120 000 120 000 2n
Laos 606 387 737 749 1 221 959 1 589 771 1 252 577 1e
Latvia 318 450 359 190 383 990 0 348 070 1e
Libya 200 000 200 000 200 000 300 000 300 000 2n
Mauritania 130 000 120 000 70 000 120 000 120 000 2n
Mexico 7 759 139 7 977 953 9 157 381 8 283 113 9 786 105 1e
Moldova 276 400 292 600 307 900 270 200 180 800 1a
Mongolia 107 100 97 900 111 400 111 500 112 000 2n
Morocco 120 000 120 000 120 000 120 000 116 471 1e
Myanmar 299 316 258 620 51 240 96 246 360 000 2e
Nicaragua 39 925 64 573 19 999 39 865 53 110 1e
Nigeria 22 142 30 706 21 346 183 628 45 235 1e
North Macedonia 267 181 229 322 273 497 190 902 274 403 1e
Norway 102 100 93 602 92 794 86 317 0 1a

138 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Oman 10 982 900 11 120 200 13 538 800 10 591 600 13 253 100 1e
Pakistan 2 517 825 2 149 873 2 527 215 2 325 400 1 639 730 1e
Paraguay 4 500 4 500 4 500 4 500 4 500 2n
Peru 254 382 171 093 435 459 315 292 338 598 1e
Poland 1 065 000 1 057 000 1 123 000 1 034 000 892 000 1e
Portugal 209 076 210 231 254 913 191 753 101 322 1e
Romania 878 546 925 782 952 617 897 176 841 964 1e
Russia 4 179 300 4 060 000 4 629 000 4 630 000 4 800 000 2n
Saudi Arabia 3 472 000 3 803 000 3 640 000 3 822 000 3 800 000 2n
Slovakia 58 250 72 300 66 600 54 300 60 000 2n
South Africa 277 102 205 542 277 376 243 008 226 749 1e
Spain 11 279 443 13 376 353 14 629 150 14 380 727 14 462 507 1a
Sudan 193 000 173 000 136 000 150 000 150 000 2n
Switzerland 330 000 320 000 330 000 330 000 330 000 2n
Syria 70 000 70 000 200 000 225 000 250 000 2n
Tajikistan 14 000 8 183 12 500 15 100 15 500 1e
Tanzania 256 529 443 926 598 053 604 408 549 836 1e
Thailand 9 787 287 9 279 119 10 402 998 9 847 562 8 736 085 1e
Tunisia 946 892 890 000 908 130 900 000 900 000 2n
Türkiye 7 489 129 9 280 864 10 620 061 10 679 212 10 336 796 1e
Ukraine 1 409 400 1 529 000 1 783 300 499 448 100 000 2n
United Kingdom 1 600 000 1 300 000 2 400 000 2 400 000 2 400 000 2n
United States 21 600 000 21 300 000 20 800 000 22 300 000 21 500 000 1e
Yemen 20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 2n

Total 200 869 534 201 731 563 211 764 948 215 322 095 214 771 000

Kaolin

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Algeria 100 000 100 000 120 000 120 000 120 000 2n
Argentina 11 853 20 628 25 000 26 000 22 786 1e
Australia 114 050 154 812 173 187 170 181 115 890 1e
Austria 13 500 13 500 13 500 13 500 13 500 2n
Bosnia-Herzegovina 118 005 108 174 62 599 24 529 21 541 1e
Brazil 1 471 610 1 239 591 1 153 884 1 189 531 828 394 1e
Bulgaria 330 000 276 000 380 000 236 000 210 000 1a
Chile 34 801 38 789 49 533 44 232 51 300 1e
China 6 400 000 6 500 000 7 240 000 7 822 000 8 292 000 1e
Colombia 105 731 46 697 79 343 40 839 143 533 1e
Cuba 2 100 2 032 1 375 458 1 465 1e
Czechia 3 446 000 3 069 000 3 454 000 3 009 000 2 402 000 1e
Egypt 230 000 230 000 230 000 230 000 230 000 2n
Ethiopia 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 2n
France 392 389 231 579 289 057 310 251 268 828 1e
Germany 4 760 000 4 969 000 5 291 000 4 594 000 3 523 000 1e
Guatemala 700 402 295 300 300 2n
India 8 000 000 8 000 000 8 000 000 8 400 000 8 400 000 2n
Indonesia 2 754 600 1 636 000 1 568 000 975 300 1 609 600 1e
Iran 1 813 395 1 923 895 1 348 232 2 600 110 3 026 428 1a
Italy 250 000 200 000 180 000 200 000 177 221 1e
Japan 12 000 12 000 12 000 12 000 12 000 2n
Jordan 11 000 11 000 11 000 11 000 11 000 2n
Kenya 1 000 800 900 1 900 500 1n
Korea, South 317 626 393 236 352 003 426 960 332 179 1e
Kyrgyzstan 15 000 15 000 15 000 4 000 5 000 2n
Malaysia 400 722 336 565 228 605 236 840 290 366 1e
Mexico 246 645 236 033 223 332 227 798 159 570 1e

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 139

New Zealand 50 569 50 000 55 000 55 000 50 000 2n
Nigeria 8 649 7 033 41 020 70 396 29 843 1e
Oman 34 100 58 300 35 350 0 0 1e
Pakistan 20 756 14 919 12 309 17 000 14 130 1e
Paraguay 6 000 6 000 6 000 6 000 6 000 2n
Peru 9 208 12 536 13 142 14 300 11 876 1e
Philippines 15 000 40 200 27 700 18 612 21 780 1e
Poland 317 190 292 940 315 040 317 570 276 120 1e
Portugal 311 677 320 655 386 623 426 848 427 187 1e
Romania 6 089 0 0 0 0 1e
Russia 1 530 800 2 478 000 2 193 800 3 000 000 5 100 000 1e
Saudi Arabia 227 000 213 000 266 000 279 000 280 000 2n
Serbia 254 000 234 000 249 000 301 000 275 000 1e
Slovakia 24 970 30 960 38 780 24 610 12 250 1e
South Africa 27 827 20 639 29 168 10 553 8 690 1e
Spain 463 617 274 137 303 743 277 170 403 105 1a
Sri Lanka 34 100 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 2n
Sudan 29 000 19 700 3 700 20 000 20 000 2n
Taiwan 500 404 30 0 45 1e
Tanzania 15 343 98 454 100 950 46 973 75 247 1e
Thailand 92 414 87 320 124 798 86 076 169 644 1e
Türkiye 1 283 776 1 224 746 1 748 014 2 289 367 1 348 023 1e
Uganda 10 448 12 014 10 264 226 8 809 1e
Ukraine 1 843 561 1 680 891 2 317 723 647 980 550 000 2n
United Kingdom 644 000 572 000 735 000 788 000 771 994 1e
United States 5 120 000 4 640 000 4 360 000 4 340 000 4 560 000 2e
Uzbekistan 377 184 373 440 413 910 441 900 580 000 2n
Vietnam 100 000 100 000 100 000 50 000 50 000 2n

Total 44 211 505 42 658 021 44 419 909 44 486 310 45 349 144

Magnesite

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 413 182 799 203 893 623 460 408 432 319 1e
Austria 691 909 816 370 842 679 707 267 669 400 1e
Bosnia-Herzegovina 1 400 652 196 0 0 1e
Brazil 1 530 000 1 550 000 1 800 000 1 700 000 1 413 000 1n
Canada 150 000 160 000 180 000 230 000 230 000 1e
China 19 000 000 19 000 000 18 000 000 17 000 000 15 000 000 2n
Colombia 1 847 1 077 3 116 2 694 2 540 1e
Cuba 1 532 3 910 3 000 548 260 1e
Finland 37 002 136 167 179 781 324 226 298 025 1a
Greece 358 841 335 943 393 715 393 287 135 363 1a
Guatemala 4 500 6 000 14 100 10 000 10 000 2n
India 102 554 74 661 110 023 112 891 123 207 1e
Iran 147 760 256 124 248 376 210 513 218 152 1a
Korea, North 100 000 100 000 80 000 80 000 80 000 2n
Mexico 800 1e
Pakistan 42 996 16 165 15 120 5 886 4 954 1e
Philippines 40 0 0 0 0 1e
Poland 91 490 65 250 65 820 66 380 28 630 1e
Russia 1 013 800 1 281 400 1 108 700 1 327 100 1 058 400 1e
Saudi Arabia 200 000 250 000 250 000 176 049 90 000 1n
Slovakia 1 015 800 787 476 781 600 592 900 432 200 1e
South Africa 8 100 8 500 5 000 8 000 6 000 2n

140 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Spain 634 580 626 055 703 834 676 699 667 248 1a
Türkiye 1 496 081 1 560 818 1 927 280 1 820 068 1 333 728 1e
United States 294 590 419 076 442 976 357 811 523 540 1e

Total 27 338 804 28 254 847 28 048 939 26 262 727 22 756 966

Perlite

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Argentina 21 236 13 176 18 016 32 450 32 000 2n

Armenia 80 676 104 410 168 242 60 280 12 325 1e
Australia 1 264 2 185 3 821 2 638 2 669 1e
Bulgaria 5 300 5 200 5 000 5 000 5 000 1n
Chile 4 700 0 0 0 1 997 1e
Georgia 21 000 31 736 31 572 51 829 64 000 1a
Greece 718 077 821 233 1 053 019 839 108 842 376 1a
Hungary 43 900 44 000 60 000 85 505 80 000 2n
Iran 31 828 52 750 77 024 6 709 69 670 1a
Mexico 24 497 0 28 800 0 0 1e
Philippines 6 608 0 4 631 24 878 18 384 1e
Russia 45 000 45 000 45 000 45 000 65 000 1n
Slovakia 32 450 37 850 37 240 38 280 39 270 1e
South Africa 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 2n
Thailand 15 000 3 500 3 500 2 500 2 500 1e
Türkiye 1 174 486 1 146 341 1 428 695 1 319 432 1 174 125 1e
United States 629 000 853 000 879 000 672 000 654 000 1e

Total 2 856 022 3 161 381 3 844 560 3 186 609 3 064 316

Phosphate Rock (P2O5-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Algeria 409 400 455 100 409 900 616 000 671 500 2n
Australia 195 720 165 750 215 700 170 150 1e
Brazil 1 980 300 1 828 500 1 827 900 1 793 000 1 869 300 1n
Algeria 455 100 409 900 616 000 613 600 632 000 2e
Australia 165 750 215 700 170 361 180 520 390 1e
Brazil 1 828 500 1 827 900 1 793 000 1 869 300 1 776 800 1n
Chile 950 590 620 940 2 740 1e
China 27 997 200 26 679 960 30 869 700 31 423 500 31 592 700 1e
Christmas Island 127 730 81 230 100 220 95 170 141 900 1n
Colombia 20 670 14 710 17 110 19 110 11 760 1e
Cuba 0 460 410 320 0 1e
Egypt 979 620 885 100 898 400 1 084 900 1 100 000 2n
Finland 363 020 363 200 363 720 341 600 330 710 1e
India 332 940 339 200 317 200 413 900 383 400 1e
Iran 102 230 105 000 83 900 95 430 80 790 1a
Iraq 300 000 300 000 0 0 0 2n
Israel 898 200 988 800 777 900 694 400 738 900 1n
Jordan 2 951 470 2 860 140 3 204 880 3 602 500 3 665 250 1e
Kazakhstan 388 540 456 010 426 330 428 040 511 120 1e
Malawi 300 0 0 0 0 1e
Mexico 249 520 91 240 145 050 132 510 125 700 1e

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 141

Morocco 11 267 500 11 959 000 12 176 200 9 728 000 9 158 800 1a
Nauru 30 600 39 400 102 500 97 500 54 400 1e
Pakistan 17 320 15 790 21 640 32 000 27 000 2n
Peru 1 331 000 1 031 300 1 293 100 1 314 600 1 430 400 1e
Philippines 200 200 0 0 570 1e
Russia 5 382 000 5 382 000 5 517 800 5 597 100 5 632 300 1n
Saudi Arabia 2 275 000 2 600 000 2 730 000 2 950 000 3 250 000 2n
Senegal 855 850 684 300 792 800 859 970 940 110 1e
South Africa 639 000 650 600 621 300 714 800 628 000 1e
Sri Lanka 16 600 18 240 23 880 12 360 16 330 1e
Syria 134 000 580 000 400 000 250 000 250 000 2n
Tanzania 5 050 6 240 5 390 5 850 6 980 1e
Togo 260 320 488 900 538 860 570 460 561 470 1e
Tunisia 1 124 700 911 800 1 080 700 1 033 300 844 200 1e
Türkiye 94 600 261 900 287 100 289 000 381 400 1e
United States 6 547 000 6 604 000 6 070 000 5 564 000 5 508 000 1e
Uzbekistan 137 100 150 500 158 700 160 100 186 500 2e
Venezuela 21 500 20 000 20 000 10 000 10 000 2n
Vietnam 1 346 880 606 650 813 960 711 780 895 020 3e
Zimbabwe 8 100 13 500 11 900 6 600 2 700 1e

Total 68 656 060 67 643 460 72 280 440 71 083 820 71 398 340

Potash (K2O-Content)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 0 2 418 5 503 1e

Belarus 7 348 293 7 562 153 7 750 000 3 570 000 6 380 000 1e
Bolivia 17 800 4 400 32 600 42 600 53 700 1e
Brazil 248 911 254 837 213 028 299 636 363 275 1e
Canada 12 820 345 13 732 918 14 275 819 14 393 181 14 043 046 1e
Chile 683 540 966 680 891 450 676 350 743 930 1e
China 5 902 000 5 530 000 5 814 600 5 910 000 5 470 400 1e
Germany 2 615 284 2 874 026 2 793 326 2 708 650 2 536 308 1e
Iran 37 200 37 000 40 000 40 000 50 000 2n
Israel 2 043 500 2 415 600 2 379 000 2 446 710 2 341 050 1a
Jordan 1 516 460 1 598 200 1 563 430 1 637 240 1 695 800 1e
Laos 286 900 442 500 507 600 920 000 2 050 800 1e
Russia 7 368 000 8 194 200 8 890 000 5 878 000 7 864 000 1n
Spain 519 644 351 918 375 779 429 896 420 000 1a
Turkmenistan 11 100 16 000 19 000 26 500 260 700 1n
United Kingdom 88 480 99 260 110 460 133 420 141 260 1n
United States 510 000 460 000 480 000 430 000 390 000 1e
Uzbekistan 198 400 210 000 197 600 228 000 238 500 2e

Total 42 215 857 44 749 692 46 333 692 39 772 601 45 048 272

Salt

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Afghanistan 41 157 12 015 10 700 41 573 79 316 1e

Albania 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 20 000 2n
Algeria 100 800 95 100 107 800 103 200 112 700 2e

142 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Angola 109 445 164 433 201 699 213 800 252 000 1e
Argentina 1 566 600 1 051 445 1 389 375 600 000 1 080 650 1e
Armenia 56 685 24 401 25 948 52 829 44 285 1e
Australia 12 173 391 12 212 483 12 574 025 12 246 020 12 176 705 1e
Austria 1 212 158 1 014 554 1 117 586 977 676 1 146 551 1e
Azerbaijan 77 116 76 401 71 495 77 455 73 267 1e
Bahamas 663 850 720 030 425 710 633 380 712 420 1e
Bangladesh 1 824 000 1 570 000 1 651 000 1 832 000 2 232 000 1e
Belarus 2 517 590 1 198 290 2 265 000 2 000 000 2 300 000 2n
Benin 500 500 500 500 500 2n
Bolivia 4 494 14 949 21 777 15 042 21 900 2e
Bosnia-Herzegovina 1 069 210 947 838 966 358 1 109 253 1 165 909 1e
Botswana 383 779 418 379 499 527 323 303 387 956 1e
Brazil 6 700 500 6 464 300 6 534 300 7 000 000 7 000 000 2e
Bulgaria 3 400 000 2 700 000 3 300 000 3 300 000 2 700 000 1a
Cambodia 18 430 83 969 68 682 35 000 81 154 1e
Canada 11 911 268 13 518 704 11 002 261 15 155 260 11 720 185 1e
Cape Verde 1 000 2 585 2 621 2 600 2 600 2n
Chile 10 476 823 9 574 159 8 565 307 10 501 352 10 721 181 1e
China 67 014 400 58 526 800 57 065 100 53 598 800 52 685 800 1e
Colombia 376 309 409 976 370 318 379 081 374 873 1e
Croatia 93 870 111 901 111 319 102 671 52 270 1a
Cuba 210 370 226 000 204 600 195 600 87 900 1e
Denmark 600 000 600 000 600 000 600 000 600 000 1e
Dominican Republic 26 000 24 000 19 972 24 957 29 250 2n
Egypt 493 000 357 000 218 000 162 000 200 000 2n
El Salvador 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 2n
Eritrea 310 000 320 000 320 000 320 000 320 000 2n
Ethiopia 125 000 125 000 125 000 250 000 250 000 2n
France 5 160 260 5 200 596 5 543 448 5 621 754 4 373 125 1e
Germany 16 627 893 14 226 154 17 668 366 15 073 463 13 486 651 1e
Ghana 300 000 330 000 300 000 300 000 150 000 1e
Greece 201 107 201 000 210 000 220 000 220 000 2n
Honduras 49 900 61 200 63 500 60 000 65 000 2n
Iceland 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 2n
India 28 058 400 26 564 400 26 600 100 39 114 000 34 000 000 2e
Indonesia 2 852 125 1 365 711 879 986 635 865 2 214 766 1e
Iran 2 639 192 3 200 232 3 083 719 3 877 712 4 177 958 1a
Iraq 270 000 300 000 57 602 60 000 200 000 2n
Israel 301 000 275 200 262 350 297 860 264 691 1a
Italy 1 538 072 1 192 956 1 500 458 1 460 833 1 044 156 1e
Jamaica 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 2n
Japan 903 000 874 000 855 000 897 000 792 000 1e
Jordan 36 850 39 088 42 359 40 000 40 000 2n
Kazakhstan 1 094 659 1 237 455 1 231 996 1 678 469 1 859 206 1e
Kenya 13 728 4 703 7 099 23 215 55 091 1e
Korea, North 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 2n
Korea, South 261 970 176 247 280 876 260 616 242 050 1e
Kuwait 58 600 59 000 60 000 60 000 60 000 2n
Kyrgyzstan 5 605 6 000 6 000 11 000 11 000 2n
Laos 10 079 3 951 6 846 188 3 538 1e
Lebanon 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 1e
Libya 30 000 30 000 40 000 40 000 50 000 2n
Madagascar 110 000 110 000 110 000 120 000 100 000 2n
Malta 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2n
Mauritius 570 556 793 674 249 1e
Mexico 8 845 239 9 084 859 7 001 505 7 914 780 7 686 773 1e
Mongolia 533 2 624 1 796 1 343 1 780 1e
Morocco 854 397 490 896 295 741 652 578 559 149 1a
Mozambique 50 740 38 377 34 453 13 482 10 406 1e
Myanmar 213 319 229 755 161 774 138 413 200 000 2n
Namibia 983 354 987 872 926 677 1 022 448 1 154 116 1e

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 143

Netherlands 5 913 782 5 712 038 6 201 542 5 893 118 4 883 185 1e
New Zealand 76 000 66 000 30 000 0 70 000 1n
Nicaragua 55 000 55 000 55 000 55 000 50 000 2n
Norway 10 000 5 300 13 000 13 000 0 1a
Oman 15 003 11 700 10 142 11 500 7 300 1e
Pakistan 4 012 304 3 483 732 3 592 205 2 896 000 3 107 500 2e
Panama 27 389 24 958 23 593 22 742 30 004 1a
Peru 1 266 347 1 030 598 1 175 828 1 093 559 1 008 624 1e
Philippines 200 000 200 000 100 000 60 000 100 000 1e
Poland 3 800 000 3 460 000 3 950 000 3 883 000 3 275 000 1e
Portugal 112 215 97 104 94 778 125 853 139 190 1e
Romania 2 015 579 1 175 979 1 328 738 1 461 264 1 244 111 1n
Russia 8 175 000 6 026 000 8 242 000 8 186 000 7 658 000 1e
Saudi Arabia 2 778 000 2 220 000 2 231 000 2 342 000 2 400 000 2n
Senegal 286 100 290 873 306 347 320 628 272 615 1e
Serbia 13 464 6 703 6 469 5 969 5 311 1e
Slovenia 1 437 805 1 671 2 342 738 1a
South Africa 510 012 538 355 545 942 570 012 615 889 1e
Spain 4 330 514 3 676 039 4 329 090 3 987 690 3 269 197 1a
Sri Lanka 57 291 60 076 63 254 111 000 60 000 2n
Sudan 263 000 237 000 121 000 200 000 140 000 2n
Switzerland 477 325 324 527 512 700 422 665 373 183 1n
Syria 50 000 70 000 70 000 112 000 112 000 2n
Taiwan 76 255 77 854 77 297 78 415 111 662 1e
Tajikistan 35 324 37 023 26 898 31 111 44 171 1e
Tanzania 99 510 83 974 112 995 181 818 159 020 1e
Thailand 1 580 390 1 439 877 1 563 970 1 737 090 1 392 649 1e
Tunisia 1 966 528 1 666 075 1 889 614 1 900 000 1 900 000 1e
Türkiye 6 961 015 7 698 018 7 843 502 9 085 711 8 587 332 1e
Turkmenistan 100 000 94 600 96 000 96 480 98 000 1e
Ukraine 2 092 795 2 075 000 1 900 000 500 000 0 2n
United Kingdom 2 377 765 2 327 965 2 687 483 2 645 573 2 715 118 1e
United States 44 800 000 42 600 000 39 300 000 39 400 000 42 000 000 2e
Venezuela 600 000 500 000 300 000 350 000 650 700 1e
Vietnam 945 000 1 134 600 1 208 100 569 900 648 700 3e
Yemen 50 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 2n

Total 291 338 681 267 595 817 267 308 582 280 030 485 268 982 276

Sulfur

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Algeria 6 000 6 000 6 000 6 000 6 000 2n

Armenia 10 500 11 500 14 100 14 000 14 400 1e
Australia 900 000 900 000 900 000 900 000 900 000 2n
Austria 6 768 6 564 4 755 4 672 4 400 1e
Bahrain 139 655 124 490 129 350 128 780 133 100 1e
Brazil 460 000 450 000 435 000 519 600 490 000 2n
Bulgaria 423 600 497 000 434 500 515 500 431 700 1n
Canada 4 808 913 4 904 051 4 879 000 4 898 600 4 981 400 2e
Chile 1 518 700 1 735 100 1 662 200 1 591 200 1 594 200 1e
China 14 450 000 15 340 000 15 730 000 16 970 000 18 500 000 2e
Colombia 100 203 69 638 35 930 31 530 32 000 2n
Cuba 317 000 311 200 278 900 289 200 260 000 1e
Denmark 3 554 4 140 4 090 3 727 2 700 1e
Egypt 80 000 80 000 80 000 80 000 80 000 2n
Finland 811 600 794 900 737 600 696 800 693 600 1n
France 500 000 450 000 450 000 450 000 400 000 2n

144 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Germany 460 012 353 293 382 049 370 664 276 876 1e
Greece 260 000 210 000 250 000 250 000 230 000 2n
India 3 900 950 3 750 000 3 681 000 3 725 000 3 881 000 2n
Indonesia 500 000 500 000 500 000 500 000 500 000 2n
Iran 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 864 275 1a
Iraq 40 000 40 000 179 600 180 000 180 000 2n
Italy 1 261 100 458 700 613 100 745 200 303 600 1e
Japan 3 259 000 3 140 500 2 995 100 3 197 900 3 017 400 2e
Jordan 255 060 282 200 316 540 321 440 300 840 1e
Kazakhstan 3 834 100 4 378 900 4 587 200 4 310 200 4 742 700 1e
Korea, North 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 2n
Korea, South 2 000 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 1e
Kuwait 623 300 649 800 959 000 1 268 500 1 138 900 1e
Libya 169 500 133 300 139 000 139 500 138 200 1e
Lithuania 86 040 71 250 72 990 64 497 54 538 1e
Mexico 364 967 315 935 219 439 290 121 216 900 1e
Namibia 72 920 81 500 118 150 161 120 120 250 1n
Norway 90 000 86 000 89 000 81 000 82 000 1n
Oman 79 140 80 830 87 765 87 160 80 060 1e
Pakistan 20 715 19 948 19 398 16 288 11 692 1e
Peru 511 500 474 500 529 900 588 300 603 600 1e
Philippines 716 100 575 900 625 500 88 200 100 000 2n
Poland 1 210 240 1 011 080 1 058 800 1 046 970 946 350 1e
Qatar 2 050 000 1 650 000 2 100 000 3 150 000 3 050 000 2n
Russia 7 175 000 6 850 000 4 690 900 5 989 439 5 960 000 1e
Saudi Arabia 6 600 000 6 600 000 6 600 000 7 000 000 7 000 000 2n
South Africa 919 624 608 509 105 924 70 640 63 695 1e
Spain 663 100 584 300 687 800 641 800 737 700 1e
Sweden 347 990 339 890 375 370 379 200 385 000 2n
Taiwan 195 358 167 337 192 228 162 571 122 238 1e
Türkiye 242 600 117 400 120 600 132 700 140 800 2e
Turkmenistan 330 000 470 000 590 000 320 000 400 000 2n
Ukraine 220 400 223 500 255 600 150 000 100 000 2n
United Arab Emirates 5 980 000 5 500 000 5 950 000 5 384 000 6 300 000 2e
United Kingdom 130 000 106 000 107 000 121 000 120 000 2n
United States 8 710 000 7 880 000 8 070 000 8 640 000 8 650 000 1e
Uzbekistan 511 900 516 600 534 600 541 700 517 000 1n
Venezuela 500 000 300 000 300 000 300 000 300 000 2n
Zambia 960 200 917 300 691 900 640 800 576 200 1n

Total 81 997 309 79 339 055 78 586 878 82 165 519 82 745 314

Talc

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Afghanistan 345 052 95 923 441 372 382 211 215 252 1e
Argentina 10 000 2 304 1 800 2 400 2 242 1e
Australia 140 000 110 000 90 000 111 000 129 000 2e
Austria 124 184 123 000 157 493 157 047 138 621 1e
Bhutan 1 375 972 678 740 400 1e
Brazil 650 000 650 000 660 000 700 000 600 000 2n
Canada 243 000 153 293 153 000 200 000 200 000 2n
China 1 800 000 1 300 000 1 400 000 1 400 000 1 400 000 2n
Colombia 2 757 717 3 170 5 222 1 690 1e
Egypt 22 000 20 000 15 000 20 000 20 000 2n
Finland 329 891 278 331 296 833 241 538 197 116 1a
France 400 000 400 000 350 000 350 000 350 000 2n
Guatemala 10 3 151 2 111 1 450 1 370 2n

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 145

India 1 748 963 1 720 000 1 575 000 1 630 000 1 450 000 2n
Iran 49 650 61 665 74 537 93 535 132 673 1a
Italy 160 000 165 000 165 000 180 000 164 000 2n
Japan 160 000 116 000 135 000 140 000 140 000 2n
Kenya 0 949 1e
Korea, South 330 250 315 446 355 104 322 830 306 929 1e
Mexico 7 202 29 122 36 465 34 630 20 534 1e
Nepal 7 813 4 931 4 450 2 088 4 123 1e
Nigeria 6 630 8 404 65 061 2 777 64 400 1e
Pakistan 158 109 150 009 289 423 301 400 164 200 1e
Peru 43 974 37 938 50 355 49 869 53 894 1e
Portugal 12 901 9 751 8 277 4 273 5 673 1e
Russia 48 000 104 000 50 000 100 000 0 2n
Saudi Arabia 48 000 61 000 167 000 175 000 180 000 2n
Slovakia 70 100 91 600 99 900 114 600 100 000 2n
South Africa 135 430 92 318 270 944 438 698 319 775 1e
Spain 13 100 2 920 651 0 0 1a
Sudan 2 000 0 4 500 4 500 4 500 2n
Taiwan 6 0 43 0 0 1e
Thailand 14 564 38 146 31 950 30 369 32 484 1e
Türkiye 92 077 143 470 220 350 43 196 232 927 1e
United Kingdom 3 131 1 386 1 397 2 795 2 000 2n
United States 578 000 491 000 577 000 511 000 508 000 1e
Uruguay 50 520 570 1 162 145 1e

Total 7 758 219 6 782 317 7 754 434 7 754 330 7 142 897

Vermiculite

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Brazil 47 581 58 821 70 500 70 913 52 638 1e

Bulgaria 10 500 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 1n
China 50 000 50 000 40 000 40 000 35 000 2n
India 2 774 1 260 3 485 2 091 1 537 1e
Kenya 100 0 700 300 600 2n
Mexico 148 104 0 0 76 1e
Russia 29 237 28 442 39 804 35 619 35 607 1e
South Africa 158 013 118 223 150 104 171 898 169 797 1e
Türkiye 1 370 19 230 3 300 21 230 10 500 1e
Uganda 9 674 14 170 21 754 22 947 23 837 1e
United States 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 1e
Zimbabwe 25 524 26 388 27 713 26 380 28 277 1e

Total 434 921 426 638 467 360 501 378 467 869

Zircon

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 468 900 380 000 569 000 470 000 462 000 2e
Brazil 17 136 10 994 6 482 6 513 8 397 1e
China 140 000 140 000 140 000 140 000 100 000 2n
India 15 600 16 000 16 000 16 000 15 000 2n
Indonesia 73 100 77 200 54 630 97 400 95 300 1n

146 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Kenya 30 440 31 730 28 933 29 715 21 153 1n
Madagascar 29 473 26 029 23 109 30 701 34 376 1e
Malaysia 449 157 1 518 768 800 2n
Mozambique 121 768 104 076 123 011 134 082 143 505 1e
Nigeria 1 000 242 3 033 4 705 4 980 2e
Russia 6 300 6 000 6 650 5 600 6 000 2e
Senegal 80 747 83 257 90 760 84 062 73 325 1e
Sierra Leone 8 500 4 564 39 352 34 065 27 776 1e
South Africa 368 336 311 800 301 000 307 285 289 479 1e
Sri Lanka 971 419 400 267 556 1e
Ukraine 18 000 16 000 28 800 14 100 5 000 2n
United States 30 000 30 000 30 000 20 000 20 000 2n
Vietnam 6 600 10 700 30 400 16 500 16 750 2e

Total 1 417 320 1 249 168 1 493 078 1 411 763 1 324 397

6.4.5 Mineral Fuels

Steam Coal

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Afghanistan 1 604 700 56 620 340 800 517 000 1 238 000 1e
Albania 95 380 151 231 242 425 182 080 191 406 1a
Argentina 154 782 24 800 25 300 25 300 85 000 1e
Australia 271 388 000 267 504 000 247 481 000 248 573 000 233 043 000 1p
Bangladesh 805 696 811 138 753 973 488 676 767 307 1n
Bhutan 184 785 72 838 111 545 158 603 113 950 1e
Botswana 2 110 891 1 923 992 2 021 218 2 460 868 2 064 373 1e
Brazil 3 812 975 3 171 509 4 768 003 3 473 384 3 163 068 1e
Canada 15 078 380 13 291 550 12 358 380 12 638 080 9 249 320 1p
Chile 1 606 554 191 562 18 541 26 962 121 570 1e
China 2 970 445 000 2 999 940 000 3 248 607 000 3 664 678 000 3 821 084 000 1p
Colombia 81 382 325 49 913 080 56 328 800 58 115 655 59 627 100 1e
Czechia 1 335 497 841 188 739 460 1 293 831 1 375 256 1n
Eswatini 109 926 161 768 162 681 215 581 393 328 1e
Georgia 15 300 99 300 147 900 146 347 148 029 1e
India 677 938 000 671 296 000 726 508 000 832 432 000 931 005 000 1e
Indonesia 594 796 500 561 979 800 564 815 600 682 102 100 769 103 900 1p
Iran 485 000 450 000 318 200 364 200 386 400 1e
Kazakhstan 98 593 000 97 924 100 102 638 500 104 500 100 104 621 500 1e
Korea, North 20 210 000 19 000 000 15 600 000 16 300 000 17 100 000 1e
Korea, South 1 084 000 1 019 000 897 900 820 181 645 949 1e
Kyrgyzstan 346 500 522 200 570 300 538 500 863 500 1e
Laos 161 494 320 231 698 521 1 270 812 3 644 064 1e
Malawi 54 728 54 876 30 251 62 166 64 251 1e
Malaysia 3 459 122 2 978 248 3 110 605 3 405 847 4 052 344 1e
Mexico 5 316 000 3 357 000 4 312 000 4 300 000 531 904 1e
Mongolia 6 683 100 5 394 200 4 638 214 5 844 344 13 440 980 1p
Mozambique 4 983 146 3 370 585 5 346 781 8 420 436 7 763 290 1e
Myanmar 1 325 586 1 283 428 992 159 1 179 400 1 880 000 2n
Nepal 7 184 7 250 10 714 6 803 2 805 1e
New Zealand 1 545 230 1 482 000 1 448 565 1 292 541 1 213 841 1p
Niger 225 920 246 880 105 760 235 328 193 632 1e
Nigeria 543 424 747 979 1 444 139 1 505 197 481 692 1e
Norway 117 000 63 000 121 000 118 000 119 745 1n

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 147

Pakistan 5 406 878 8 599 166 9 229 377 9 678 000 15 069 760 1e
Peru 181 023 131 516 144 579 192 094 233 364 1e
Philippines 15 273 525 13 190 000 14 293 000 16 094 000 16 560 000 1e
Poland 49 552 170 42 111 970 42 421 560 40 464 610 36 428 460 1e
Russia 266 700 000 240 900 000 262 226 600 242 600 000 232 000 000 1e
South Africa 252 040 300 245 089 400 230 333 900 227 570 100 228 731 000 1p
Tajikistan 2 027 790 2 029 100 2 088 700 2 393 600 2 084 200 1e
Tanzania 712 136 689 959 976 319 2 511 419 3 256 481 1e
Türkiye 2 695 628 2 457 720 2 288 148 2 474 890 2 448 755 1p
Ukraine 19 747 200 17 733 500 20 554 900 17 829 600 13 330 000 1e
United Kingdom 1 849 060 1 166 420 717 080 457 050 345 860 1e
United States 521 540 300 394 850 100 429 228 900 439 784 100 426 601 300 1e
Uzbekistan 245 168 246 800 258 100 264 800 352 000 1e
Venezuela 379 907 683 583 223 660 148 585 150 000 2n
Vietnam 47 158 000 44 598 400 48 315 600 49 688 100 47 258 700 1e
Zambia 361 648 446 153 663 345 823 450 706 115 1e
Zimbabwe 2 428 370 2 328 030 1 716 120 3 125 100 3 826 750 1e

Total 5 956 304 228 5 726 903 170 6 073 394 123 6 713 790 820 7 019 162 249

Coking Coal

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 189 066 000 183 764 000 171 122 000 168 589 000 166 738 000 1p
Canada 29 952 270 25 315 420 26 937 110 27 409 100 30 897 530 1p
China 538 634 000 561 254 300 547 540 900 553 958 100 540 986 400 1p
Colombia 7 120 830 6 896 425 7 401 317 8 704 076 8 930 440 1e
Czechia 2 309 833 1 296 137 1 734 896 816 254 637 091 1n
India 52 936 000 44 787 000 51 702 000 60 759 000 66 821 000 1e
Indonesia 5 752 018 4 800 000 6 000 000 6 078 000 6 078 000 1p
Iran 1 600 000 1 423 900 980 000 1 909 050 1 155 650 1e
Kazakhstan 10 478 500 10 052 900 8 752 200 7 627 000 6 819 900 1e
Mexico 3 275 000 3 897 000 1 319 000 1 300 000 1 000 000 2n
Mongolia 28 962 970 25 821 930 23 140 390 25 352 470 51 319 850 1p
Mozambique 5 356 390 4 670 626 5 732 902 6 385 797 7 212 589 1e
New Zealand 1 200 900 1 038 970 1 134 310 1 068 687 1 110 810 1p
Poland 12 071 220 12 273 960 12 584 820 12 364 750 11 924 180 1e
Russia 93 900 000 88 600 000 100 800 000 105 000 000 106 000 000 1e
South Africa 3 722 225 2 057 020 2 840 646 2 350 879 2 880 342 1p
Türkiye 698 870 617 280 619 565 541 495 470 145 1p
Ukraine 5 783 200 6 434 800 3 207 000 2 480 000 3 109 000 1n
United Kingdom 742 340 506 870 336 740 193 890 160 070 1e
United States 64 168 100 50 358 700 56 084 900 55 280 200 59 982 200 1e
Zimbabwe 301 550 422 860 1 529 890 1 060 300 1 071 990 1e

Total 1 058 032 216 1 036 290 098 1 031 500 586 1 049 228 048 1 075 305 187

Lignite

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 43 315 000 41 513 000 41 622 000 40 296 000 38 891 000 1p
Bosnia-Herzegovina 13 376 548 13 365 730 12 802 517 13 736 665 12 791 560 1e
Brazil 1 596 696 2 309 404 1 896 525 2 648 783 3 322 196 1e

148 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Bulgaria 29 462 615 22 519 300 28 410 900 35 513 000 21 114 000 1a
Canada 8 134 855 7 538 920 8 314 510 6 657 920 6 658 000 2p
Czechia 37 465 000 29 505 000 29 278 000 33 397 365 28 660 000 1e
Germany 131 314 000 107 377 260 126 256 594 130 801 111 102 127 890 1e
Greece 27 383 575 13 866 637 12 427 717 14 340 293 10 611 290 1a
Hungary 6 847 230 6 125 178 4 987 686 4 928 004 4 072 289 1e
India 42 096 000 37 895 000 44 794 000 46 728 000 42 257 000 1e
Kazakhstan 5 929 100 5 422 100 4 827 800 5 664 100 4 982 500 1e
Kosovo 8 063 051 8 537 948 8 535 436 8 253 435 6 923 659 1a
Kyrgyzstan 2 259 500 1 997 500 2 483 600 3 217 200 3 262 300 1e
Laos 15 263 562 14 366 628 13 618 072 15 358 322 15 255 113 1e
Mongolia 8 053 080 6 657 650 4 905 426 5 595 828 11 283 860 1p
Montenegro 1 605 200 1 665 449 1 548 612 1 722 535 1 862 150 1e
Myanmar 785 480 760 498 587 906 698 900 1 120 000 2n
New Zealand 287 830 297 690 284 735 276 248 275 433 1e
North Macedonia 5 066 083 4 532 745 4 758 504 5 592 335 4 091 133 1e
Poland 50 328 580 45 983 410 52 355 510 54 621 410 40 100 590 1e
Romania 21 652 320 15 030 906 17 733 034 18 200 623 14 745 137 1e
Russia 80 800 000 72 600 000 73 620 000 89 400 000 92 000 000 1e
Serbia 38 880 520 39 673 059 36 417 513 35 129 690 31 937 750 1e
Slovakia 1 474 830 986 270 1 080 562 1 065 412 764 854 1e
Slovenia 3 218 696 3 259 309 2 807 476 2 745 022 3 030 494 1a
Thailand 14 071 710 13 250 574 14 221 573 13 641 283 12 713 628 1e
Türkiye 83 694 600 71 637 000 83 558 680 92 296 100 75 613 340 1p
United States 48 255 700 44 783 600 42 968 700 43 115 700 37 082 300 1e
Uzbekistan 3 807 600 3 869 375 4 781 193 5 073 900 5 836 000 1n

Total 734 488 961 637 327 140 681 884 781 730 715 184 633 385 466

Natural Gas

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

Mio m3 Mio m3 Mio m3 Mio m3 Mio m3

Afghanistan 146 59 153 185 198 1e

Albania 71 57 57 51 49 1a
Algeria 89 983 84 597 105 037 101 436 105 482 1e
Angola 6 800 7 450 5 930 5 920 6 000 1e
Argentina 43 220 39 570 40 940 42 420 44 640 1e
Australia 154 485 154 107 156 463 163 112 160 873 1e
Austria 891 743 654 607 545 1e
Azerbaijan 24 514 26 487 32 578 34 956 36 414 1e
Bahrain 17 120 17 230 17 500 16 600 16 580 1e
Bangladesh 27 230 24 990 25 170 23 780 22 650 1n
Barbados 14 11 11 9 9 2n
Belarus 218 219 229 220 210 2n
Bolivia 17 046 16 384 16 967 15 517 13 471 1e
Brazil 27 358 25 384 25 382 24 098 24 502 1e
Brunei 12 504 12 065 11 178 10 266 10 255 1e
Bulgaria 35 55 31 17 9 1a
Cameroon 2 010 2 130 2 090 2 190 2 280 1e
Canada 170 747 166 936 173 423 186 121 191 252 1e
Chile 1 339 1 316 1 275 1 355 1 380 1e
China 175 362 192 495 207 584 220 110 232 430 1e
Colombia 11 800 11 770 12 110 11 890 11 740 1e
Congo, Rep. 622 809 970 931 1 000 2e
Cote d'Ivoire 2 171 2 229 2 373 2 557 2 728 1e
Croatia 1 029 849 746 745 691 1e
Cuba 951 895 863 844 955 1e
Czechia 146 173 153 165 119 1e

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 149

Denmark 3 138 1 425 1 352 1 349 1 328 1e
Ecuador 318 268 269 243 217 1e
Egypt 64 940 58 465 67 799 64 488 57 100 1r
Equatorial Guinea 6 235 6 023 7 047 8 105 7 103 1e
France 16 17 22 20 18 1e
Gabon 464 502 454 418 400 1e
Georgia 10 9 16 15 16 1e
Germany 6 699 5 692 5 731 5 281 4 620 1e
Ghana 1 550 2 660 3 020 3 300 3 220 1e
Greece 9 6 4 0 2 1a
Guatemala 0 72 72 68 1e
Hungary 1 716 1 708 1 526 1 549 1 640 1e
India 31 151 27 572 32 362 33 362 35 081 1e
Indonesia 67 160 69 080 68 910 67 100 68 530 1e
Iran 241 730 248 500 258 850 259 890 266 250 1e
Iraq 10 967 7 005 9 107 9 289 9 930 1r
Ireland 2 390 1 840 1 400 1 290 1 040 1e
Israel 9 035 13 305 16 623 18 910 21 285 1e
Italy 4 852 4 117 3 343 3 316 2 988 1e
Japan 2 524 2 295 2 305 2 148 2 019 1e
Jordan 99 150 184 152 174 1e
Kazakhstan 33 100 32 810 26 747 27 011 28 769 1e
Korea, South 248 177 53 0 0 1e
Kuwait 17 516 16 531 15 934 16 818 18 735 1n
Kyrgyzstan 24 22 22 30 27 1e
Libya 26 830 20 930 13 010 12 570 12 270 1e
Malaysia 68 700 63 370 67 520 71 850 72 140 1e
Mexico 29 370 28 580 27 160 28 630 27 210 1e
Morocco 99 98 110 77 51 1e
Mozambique 4 597 4 541 4 600 4 766 11 751 1e
Myanmar 18 810 18 270 17 680 17 150 14 700 2e
Netherlands 31 534 22 835 20 413 16 968 11 186 1e
New Zealand 4 608 4 508 3 945 3 694 3 804 1e
Nigeria 49 280 49 950 48 570 44 300 42 930 1e
Norway 115 162 112 326 115 201 124 210 117 322 1e
Oman 37 460 37 020 39 750 41 740 43 160 1e
Pakistan 40 679 37 283 36 224 35 035 33 683 1e
Papua New Guinea 3 339 3 325 3 400 5 736 5 616 1n
Peru 13 429 12 030 11 375 13 705 14 632 1e
Philippines 4 409 4 013 3 429 3 217 2 526 1e
Poland 4 976 4 934 4 860 4 720 4 600 1e
Qatar 167 610 166 740 168 240 169 600 171 974 1p
Romania 9 959 8 914 8 938 9 060 9 207 1e
Russia 718 960 672 400 727 600 648 300 616 200 2e
Saudi Arabia 117 000 119 000 120 485 122 895 123 531 1e
Senegal 15 14 6 4 0 1e
Serbia 439 409 362 328 315 1e
Slovakia 80 70 71 58 51 1e
Slovenia 8 6 6 5 3 1a
South Africa 658 554 44 5 5 1e
Spain 135 47 38 33 26 3a
Syria 3 330 2 920 3 110 2 540 2 600 1n
Taiwan 167 105 110 96 91 1e
Tajikistan 1 1 1 1 0 1e
Tanzania 1 807 1 616 1 838 2 239 2 412 1e
Thailand 35 879 33 799 33 117 27 367 27 053 1e
Trinidad and Tobago 35 545 30 230 25 425 26 735 25 715 1e
Tunisia 1 780 1 850 2 240 2 030 1 843 1e
Türkiye 483 458 415 408 852 1e
Turkmenistan 71 000 67 960 83 773 82 700 80 619 1e
Ukraine 20 520 20 183 19 757 17 910 18 110 1e
United Arab Emirates 53 720 53 690 53 120 54 185 55 560 1r

150 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

United Kingdom 39 386 39 433 32 570 37 737 34 043 1e
United States 959 920 957 430 977 770 1 026 630 1 070 480 1e
Uzbekistan 60 712 49 768 53 802 51 678 46 710 1e
Venezuela 25 576 21 561 28 059 29 056 29 683 1r
Vietnam 10 200 9 160 7 460 8 080 7 468 1e
Yemen 100 20 20 20 20 1p

Total 4 081 975 3 971 540 4 128 643 4 138 326 4 159 174

Petroleum

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Albania 1 005 090 712 427 757 393 657 402 641 581 1a
Algeria 64 330 000 57 535 000 58 200 000 62 066 000 63 006 000 1e
Angola 68 858 490 63 474 320 55 982 210 56 592 280 54 745 260 1e
Argentina 25 327 500 24 000 100 25 568 200 29 008 700 31 630 100 1e
Australia 22 464 160 22 381 790 21 782 900 20 228 210 18 437 420 1e
Austria 642 953 609 254 571 428 532 339 478 093 1e
Azerbaijan 37 501 200 34 531 900 34 580 300 32 646 400 30 147 400 1e
Bahrain 9 668 850 9 694 300 9 608 310 9 436 020 9 134 850 1e
Bangladesh 565 140 522 570 463 590 349 560 313 310 1n
Barbados 28 560 23 590 20 770 19 130 19 000 2n
Belarus 1 690 000 1 710 000 1 737 000 1 594 000 1 495 000 1n
Bolivia 2 244 260 2 065 070 2 032 870 1 815 610 1 551 680 1e
Brazil 143 933 400 151 759 400 149 154 800 154 993 700 173 333 000 1e
Brunei 6 040 240 5 479 350 5 308 680 4 577 160 4 451 180 1e
Bulgaria 20 000 20 500 20 086 19 480 20 938 1a
Cameroon 3 545 900 3 622 200 3 493 100 3 403 200 3 257 200 1e
Canada 265 045 900 253 195 200 266 190 400 271 233 300 277 851 300 1r
Chad 6 316 700 6 303 000 5 799 300 6 160 600 6 664 600 1e
Chile 161 520 102 640 109 980 128 510 121 790 1e
China 191 628 300 194 768 600 198 881 100 204 722 400 209 026 100 1e
Colombia 44 101 940 38 993 490 36 660 230 37 554 630 38 794 920 1e
Congo, D.R. 1 113 260 1 191 660 1 170 000 1 159 250 1 149 910 1e
Congo, Rep. 16 749 800 15 280 150 13 626 100 13 108 800 13 334 200 1e
Cote d'Ivoire 1 799 700 1 451 600 1 196 700 1 268 600 1 466 600 1e
Croatia 677 200 593 700 565 700 548 000 533 900 1e
Cuba 2 371 450 2 320 200 2 433 300 2 373 900 2 200 000 2n
Czechia 81 000 91 000 83 000 75 000 67 000 1e
Denmark 5 017 234 3 556 000 3 277 800 3 212 000 2 922 014 1e
Ecuador 26 442 000 23 932 000 23 543 000 23 944 300 23 661 400 1e
Egypt 31 812 000 31 066 370 29 601 360 29 925 100 29 820 890 1r
Equatorial Guinea 7 172 620 7 154 290 5 919 365 5 379 570 3 998 830 1e
France 719 800 649 675 647 080 595 335 586 020 1e
Gabon 10 848 000 10 766 000 10 038 600 10 367 900 11 160 000 1e
Georgia 35 100 31 300 35 500 36 600 38 900 1e
Germany 1 923 232 1 895 942 1 805 932 1 699 014 1 635 331 1e
Ghana 10 205 700 9 561 000 7 864 300 7 393 900 6 892 400 1e
Greece 164 905 89 715 57 570 0 50 110 1a
Guatemala 478 200 389 000 355 500 349 200 287 600 1e
Guyana 58 280 3 709 780 5 820 870 13 832 300 19 478 600 1e
Hungary 1 160 000 1 030 000 1 087 000 1 080 000 1 129 000 1e
India 32 169 270 30 494 090 29 891 000 29 391 000 29 117 000 1e
Indonesia 37 104 200 35 367 913 32 786 100 30 489 800 30 156 500 1e
Iran 161 695 630 147 675 410 172 187 420 180 244 050 214 298 210 1r
Iraq 234 220 100 202 037 850 200 829 370 221 310 150 213 040 760 1r
Israel 84 020 130 427 164 765 187 443 459 211 1e
Italy 4 279 000 5 393 780 4 840 300 4 459 045 4 241 523 1e

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 151

Japan 470 200 461 000 441 200 378 700 355 600 1e
Jordan 1 600 2 500 14 300 12 900 6 000 1e
Kazakhstan 90 555 500 85 656 100 85 879 400 84 236 900 89 979 600 1e
Kenya 32 400 41 000 0 0 0 1e
Korea, South 21 130 13 990 4 800 2 320 0 1e
Kuwait 147 756 600 134 310 600 134 410 200 148 702 800 144 868 200 1n
Kyrgyzstan 233 100 239 200 275 700 295 100 302 700 1e
Libya 57 738 100 19 437 000 60 084 200 52 759 520 59 129 400 1e
Lithuania 39 570 31 630 28 920 27 040 24 775 1e
Malaysia 30 384 800 27 679 100 25 169 300 26 261 170 25 752 770 1e
Mexico 94 161 830 93 860 550 94 785 920 95 765 300 100 526 200 1e
Moldova 5 032 5 032 4 972 4 652 4 316 1a
Mongolia 937 900 560 000 636 600 349 900 666 800 1e
Morocco 4 335 4 098 3 246 2 394 2 102 1e
Mozambique 41 250 38 350 36 330 45 930 219 770 1e
Myanmar 429 000 572 200 309 800 295 500 298 900 2e
Netherlands 892 600 862 200 864 000 482 704 404 894 1e
New Zealand 1 128 870 964 420 840 780 736 140 811 520 1e
Niger 903 400 855 500 873 100 778 100 897 300 1e
Nigeria 100 287 000 91 504 570 77 220 000 68 607 900 73 213 100 1e
Norway 79 521 500 93 181 400 95 000 900 89 964 300 95 700 400 1e
Oman 48 339 100 47 374 500 48 353 500 52 982 500 52 209 900 1e
Pakistan 4 433 150 3 832 330 3 760 980 3 656 900 3 459 800 1e
Papua New Guinea 1 889 900 1 960 100 1 842 600 1 669 400 1 458 200 1n
Peru 6 956 200 6 221 400 5 949 800 5 835 100 5 757 700 1e
Philippines 652 300 572 100 486 800 445 300 328 100 1e
Poland 936 760 911 430 858 030 816 540 793 880 1e
Qatar 71 536 810 72 698 440 72 435 760 72 664 390 73 753 160 1p
Romania 3 568 000 3 457 000 3 319 000 3 131 000 2 986 000 1e
Russia 560 256 690 512 761 000 524 050 000 535 000 000 530 600 000 1e
Saudi Arabia 556 564 010 519 613 000 515 878 200 574 692 000 531 963 600 1e
Senegal 28 500 25 280 0 0 0 1e
Serbia 881 000 859 226 835 319 823 280 829 599 1e
Slovakia 6 331 3 790 6 130 3 680 2 840 1e
Slovenia 490 385 296 127 147 1e
South Africa 29 774 31 974 15 633 4 946 1 044 1e
South Sudan 8 448 490 8 126 230 7 515 700 6 947 860 7 272 710 1r
Spain 40 244 26 819 5 785 910 606 1a
Sudan 3 778 300 2 932 600 2 605 000 2 532 000 2 321 000 1p
Suriname 825 200 818 400 811 600 837 500 855 230 1e
Syria 1 510 590 1 964 180 1 982 680 1 951 220 1 815 890 1r
Taiwan 3 300 1 860 2 110 1 600 1 400 1e
Tajikistan 23 293 24 400 24 635 24 860 18 000 1e
Thailand 10 813 080 10 077 510 8 820 540 7 134 630 6 780 010 1e
Trinidad and Tobago 3 869 080 3 600 510 3 652 900 3 524 510 3 236 260 1e
Tunisia 1 859 060 1 726 250 2 079 000 1 757 000 1 704 000 1e
Türkiye 2 984 800 3 202 924 3 441 659 3 583 040 4 094 898 1e
Turkmenistan 10 420 000 9 490 000 10 961 000 10 756 800 8 316 700 1e
Ukraine 2 453 600 2 430 800 2 455 400 2 147 600 1 410 000 1n
United Arab Emirates 179 898 440 165 945 480 163 436 800 181 125 330 176 067 470 1r
United Kingdom 52 856 200 49 361 500 41 162 470 38 036 800 33 754 600 1e
United States 809 941 800 777 010 300 784 368 000 839 163 500 909 154 300 1e
Uzbekistan 2 815 400 2 030 400 2 098 040 2 075 026 1 977 700 1e
Venezuela 53 437 200 34 631 750 34 450 740 37 511 430 43 727 330 1r
Vietnam 11 043 000 9 650 000 9 100 000 8 980 000 8 628 000 1e
Yemen 3 967 300 3 588 000 3 289 000 2 750 800 1 447 100 1p

Total 4 506 114 913 4 214 605 861 4 263 689 054 4 452 445 737 4 546 738 152

152 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Oil Sands (part of Petroleum)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Canada 158 766 200 153 043 300 167 104 200 170 263 400 173 858 800 1e
Venezuela 18 000 000 14 900 000 15 000 000 18 000 000 20 000 000 2n

Total 176 766 200 167 943 300 182 104 200 188 263 400 193 858 800

Oil Shales

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Austria 100 100 100 100 200 2n

Bulgaria 39 000 44 000 56 000 61 000 37 000 1e
Estonia 15 697 400 12 144 400 11 743 000 13 967 000 13 362 000 1e
France 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2n
Germany 487 012 471 404 442 886 415 916 429 483 1e
Israel 402 882 392 990 430 840 254 425 0 1e
Jordan 0 1 180 000 8 450 000 1e

Total 16 628 394 13 054 894 12 674 826 15 880 441 22 280 683

Uranium (U3O8)

Country 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Rem

metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t metr. t

Australia 7 726 7 273 4 474 5 377 5 512 1e

Brazil 0 20 34 51 107 1e
Canada 8 230 4 260 5 622 8 688 16 372 1e
China 2 223 2 223 1 887 2 005 2 005 2n
Czechia 39 34 32 25 15 1e
Germany 28 8 0 0 0 1e
India 363 472 708 708 708 2n
Kazakhstan 26 895 22 967 25 729 25 031 24 895 1e
Mongolia 0 1 4 0 0 2n
Namibia 6 459 6 382 6 784 6 617 8 238 1e
Niger 3 516 3 527 2 691 2 382 1 332 1e
Pakistan 53 53 53 53 53 2n
Russia 3 433 3 356 3 107 2 957 3 196 1e
South Africa 163 131 153 188 275 1e
Ukraine 944 877 536 142 310 1e
United States 79 7 9 88 23 1e
Uzbekistan 4 127 4 127 4 158 4 198 4 304 1e

Total 64 278 55 718 55 981 58 510 67 345

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 153

6.5 Share of World Mineral Production 2023,
by Countries

6.5.1 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals

Iron (Fe-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Australia 589 029 943 37.71 37.71 1 422.14

2 ( 2) Brazil 273 992 879 17.54 55.25 307.71
3 ( 3) China 190 937 600 12.22 67.48 149.43
4 ( 4) India 170 340 800 10.91 78.38 118.93
5 ( 5) Russia 53 572 000 3.43 81.81 11.76
6 ( 6) South Africa 40 440 200 2.59 84.40 6.70
7 ( 7) Canada 39 751 000 2.54 86.95 6.48
8 ( 8) Iran 37 544 000 2.40 89.35 5.78
9 ( 9) United States 28 295 000 1.81 91.16 3.28
10 (10) Ukraine 19 495 000 1.25 92.41 1.56
11 (11) Sweden 19 126 500 1.22 93.63 1.50
12 (15) Mexico 14 183 500 0.91 94.54 0.82
13 (12) Peru 12 986 023 0.83 95.37 0.69
14 (13) Kazakhstan 11 893 635 0.76 96.14 0.58
15 (14) Chile 11 443 370 0.73 96.87 0.54
16 (16) Türkiye 10 227 200 0.65 97.52 0.43
17 (17) Mauritania 9 155 700 0.59 98.11 0.34
18 (19) Sierra Leone 6 070 960 0.39 98.50 0.15
19 (21) Malaysia 3 046 990 0.20 98.69 0.04
20 (20) Mongolia 2 987 500 0.19 98.88 0.04
21 (18) Venezuela 2 440 000 0.16 99.04 0.02
22 (23) Liberia 2 160 000 0.14 99.18 0.02
23 (28) Laos 2 029 200 0.13 99.31 0.02
24 (25) Korea, North 1 733 600 0.11 99.42 0.01
25 (24) New Zealand 1 480 000 0.09 99.51 0.01
26 (26) Norway 1 166 600 0.07 99.59 0.01
27 (29) Austria 1 024 210 0.07 99.65 0.00
28 (30) Algeria 931 900 0.06 99.71 0.00
29 (27) Vietnam 876 700 0.06 99.77 0.00
30 (22) Indonesia 800 000 0.05 99.82 0.00
31 (31) Bosnia-Herzegovina 640 980 0.04 99.86 0.00
32 (32) Saudi Arabia 350 000 0.02 99.89 0.00
33 (34) Korea, South 302 190 0.02 99.90 0.00
34 (35) Colombia 293 730 0.02 99.92 0.00
35 (41) Uganda 216 700 0.01 99.94 0.00
36 (39) Thailand 215 320 0.01 99.95 0.00
37 (33) Pakistan 143 250 0.01 99.96 0.00
38 (38) Tunisia 135 000 0.01 99.97 0.00
39 (36) Bolivia 129 550 0.01 99.98 0.00
40 (40) Germany 85 400 0.01 99.98 0.00
41 (42) Philippines 84 700 0.01 99.99 0.00
42 (45) Egypt 45 000 0.00 99.99 0.00

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 155

 43 (44) Tanzania 33 800 0.00 99.99 0.00
44 (48) Angola 27 600 0.00 99.99 0.00
45 (43) Fiji 27 300 0.00 100.00 0.00
46 (46) Cong, Rep. 20 200 0.00 100.00 0.00
47 (47) Nigeria 15 900 0.00 100.00 0.00
48 (**) Gabon 6 800 0.00 100.00 0.00
49 (**) Namibia 5 400 0.00 100.00 0.00
50 (49) Morocco 5 220 0.00 100.00 0.00
51 (51) Uruguay 910 0.00 100.00 0.00
52 (50) Bhutan 650 0.00 100.00 0.00
53 (52) Malawi 380 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 1 561 947 990 100.00 HHI 2 039

Chromium (Cr2O3 - Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) South Africa 7 968 350 54.82 54.82 3 004.87

2 ( 2) Kazakhstan 1 803 200 12.40 67.22 153.88
3 ( 3) India 1 511 800 10.40 77.62 108.16
4 ( 4) Türkiye 1 152 200 7.93 85.55 62.83
5 ( 5) Zimbabwe 484 800 3.34 88.88 11.12
6 ( 6) Albania 387 200 2.66 91.55 7.10
7 ( 7) Finland 376 390 2.59 94.14 6.70
8 ( 8) Brazil 193 532 1.33 95.47 1.77
9 (10) Oman 150 800 1.04 96.50 1.08
10 ( 9) Russia 149 120 1.03 97.53 1.05
11 (11) Iran 85 420 0.59 98.12 0.35
12 (12) Papua New Guinea 67 500 0.46 98.58 0.22
13 (13) Pakistan 62 250 0.43 99.01 0.18
14 (14) China 54 220 0.37 99.38 0.14
15 (15) Philippines 40 780 0.28 99.66 0.08
16 (17) Madagascar 33 700 0.23 99.90 0.05
17 (16) Afghanistan 10 100 0.07 99.97 0.00
18 (18) Cuba 2 700 0.02 99.98 0.00
19 (19) Sudan 2 100 0.01 100.00 0.00
20 (20) Ethiopia 200 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 14 536 362 100.00 HHI 3 360

Cobalt

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Congo, D.R. 139 840 70.81 70.81 5 014.63

2 ( 2) Indonesia 18 200 9.22 80.03 84.94
3 ( 3) Russia 8 800 4.46 84.49 19.86
4 ( 4) Australia 5 217 2.64 87.13 6.98
5 ( 7) Madagascar 3 387 1.72 88.84 2.94
6 ( 8) Philippines 3 300 1.67 90.51 2.79
7 ( 6) Canada 3 260 1.65 92.17 2.73
8 ( 5) Cuba 3 200 1.62 93.79 2.63

156 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 9 ( 9) Papua New Guinea 3 072 1.56 95.34 2.42
10 (11) China 2 300 1.16 96.51 1.36
11 (10) New Caledonia 2 300 1.16 97.67 1.36
12 (12) Morocco 1 506 0.76 98.43 0.58
13 (13) Finland 1 057 0.54 98.97 0.29
14 (14) United States 500 0.25 99.22 0.06
15 (15) Türkiye 400 0.20 99.42 0.04
16 (18) Zimbabwe 386 0.20 99.62 0.04
17 (17) South Africa 378 0.19 99.81 0.04
18 (16) Zambia 207 0.10 99.92 0.01
19 (19) Brazil 165 0.08 100.00 0.01

Total 197 475 100.00 HHI 5 144

Manganese

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) South Africa 7 058 600 34.90 34.90 1 217.89

2 ( 2) Gabon 4 386 300 21.69 56.58 470.29
3 ( 3) Australia 2 920 850 14.44 71.03 208.54
4 ( 5) India 1 035 700 5.12 76.15 26.22
5 ( 4) Ghana 870 500 4.30 80.45 18.52
6 ( 6) China 852 000 4.21 84.66 17.74
7 ( 7) Brazil 849 783 4.20 88.86 17.65
8 ( 8) Cote d'Ivoire 470 100 2.32 91.19 5.40
9 (12) Myanmar 234 000 1.16 92.34 1.34
10 (11) Mexico 225 211 1.11 93.46 1.24
11 (13) Georgia 212 300 1.05 94.51 1.10
12 ( 9) Ukraine 186 500 0.92 95.43 0.85
13 (10) Malaysia 151 000 0.75 96.18 0.56
14 (14) Vietnam 150 000 0.74 96.92 0.55
15 (15) Kazakhstan 138 500 0.68 97.60 0.47
16 (16) Guyana 119 520 0.59 98.19 0.35
17 (18) Iran 90 260 0.45 98.64 0.20
18 (17) Zambia 73 560 0.36 99.00 0.13
19 (19) Kenya 44 100 0.22 99.22 0.05
20 (20) Morocco 41 850 0.21 99.43 0.04
21 (21) Türkiye 35 700 0.18 99.61 0.03
22 (24) Russia 21 800 0.11 99.71 0.01
23 (23) Nigeria 16 300 0.08 99.79 0.01
24 (26) Namibia 13 800 0.07 99.86 0.00
25 (25) Senegal 11 950 0.06 99.92 0.00
26 (31) Oman 3 300 0.02 99.94 0.00
27 (28) Romania 3 250 0.02 99.95 0.00
28 (27) Bulgaria 3 000 0.01 99.97 0.00
29 (22) Angola 2 300 0.01 99.98 0.00
30 (32) Peru 1 327 0.01 99.99 0.00
31 (30) Egypt 1 000 0.00 99.99 0.00
32 (29) Congo, D.R. 600 0.00 99.99 0.00
33 (33) Bolivia 560 0.00 100.00 0.00
34 (34) Thailand 290 0.00 100.00 0.00
35 (35) Pakistan 210 0.00 100.00 0.00
36 (36) Colombia 150 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 20 226 171 100.00 HHI 1 989

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 157

Molybdenum

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 121 500 41.65 41.65 1 735.12

2 ( 2) Chile 44 118 15.13 56.78 228.78
3 ( 3) United States 34 000 11.66 68.44 135.87
4 ( 4) Peru 33 476 11.48 79.91 131.72
5 ( 5) Mexico 28 313 9.71 89.62 94.22
6 ( 6) Armenia 11 116 3.81 93.43 14.52
7 ( 7) Iran 7 900 2.71 96.14 7.34
8 ( 9) Kazakhstan 3 727 1.28 97.42 1.63
9 ( 8) Mongolia 2 650 0.91 98.33 0.83
10 (10) Russia 1 200 0.41 98.74 0.17
11 (11) Canada 1 171 0.40 99.14 0.16
12 (15) Australia 1 110 0.38 99.52 0.14
13 (12) Uzbekistan 713 0.24 99.76 0.06
14 (13) Korea, North 350 0.12 99.88 0.01
15 (14) Korea, South 339 0.12 100.00 0.01

Total 291 683 100.00 HHI 2 351

Nickel

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Indonesia 2 028 800 54.99 54.99 3 024.15

2 ( 2) Philippines 389 000 10.54 65.54 111.18
3 ( 4) New Caledonia 233 375 6.33 71.86 40.02
4 ( 3) Russia 211 300 5.73 77.59 32.80
5 ( 5) Australia 149 090 4.04 81.63 16.33
6 ( 6) Canada 127 237 3.45 85.08 11.89
7 ( 7) China 110 400 2.99 88.07 8.95
8 ( 8) Brazil 72 398 1.96 90.03 3.85
9 (10) Colombia 43 030 1.17 91.20 1.36
10 (11) Finland 41 941 1.14 92.34 1.29
11 (12) Cuba 37 500 1.02 93.35 1.03
12 (17) Cote d'Ivoire 37 210 1.01 94.36 1.02
13 (13) Madagascar 36 085 0.98 95.34 0.96
14 (14) Papua New Guinea 33 604 0.91 96.25 0.83
15 (16) South Africa 29 750 0.81 97.06 0.65
16 ( 9) Guatemala 20 300 0.55 97.61 0.30
17 (19) Türkiye 18 390 0.50 98.11 0.25
18 (15) Dominican Republic 17 875 0.48 98.59 0.23
19 (20) Zimbabwe 17 784 0.48 99.07 0.23
20 (18) United States 16 400 0.44 99.52 0.20
21 (22) Zambia 7 848 0.21 99.73 0.05
22 (21) Myanmar 5 100 0.14 99.87 0.02
23 (**) Vietnam 2 100 0.06 99.93 0.00
24 (**) Solomon Islands 1 050 0.03 99.95 0.00
25 (25) Poland 750 0.02 99.97 0.00

158 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 26 (24) Albania 570 0.02 99.99 0.00
27 (27) Norway 220 0.01 100.00 0.00
28 (28) Morocco 130 0.00 100.00 0.00
29 (26) Kosovo 10 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 3 689 247 100.00 HHI 3 258

Niobium (Nb2O5-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Brazil 109 520 92.91 92.91 8 632.64

2 ( 2) Canada 6 700 5.68 98.60 32.31
3 ( 3) Congo, D.R. 560 0.48 99.07 0.23
4 ( 4) Russia 505 0.43 99.50 0.18
5 ( 5) Rwanda 310 0.26 99.76 0.07
6 ( 6) Nigeria 185 0.16 99.92 0.02
7 ( 7) China 43 0.04 99.96 0.00
8 ( 8) Ethiopia 35 0.03 99.99 0.00
9 ( 9) Mozambique 16 0.01 100.00 0.00
10 ( 10) Burundi 1 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 117 875 100.00 HHI 8 665

Tantalum (Ta2O5-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Congo, D.R. 630 29.86 29.86 891.49

2 ( 3) Rwanda 475 22.51 52.37 506.78
3 ( 2) Brazil 380 18.01 70.38 324.34
4 ( 4) Nigeria 190 9.00 79.38 81.09
5 ( 6) Ethiopia 120 5.69 85.07 32.34
6 ( 5) China 96 4.55 89.62 20.70
7 ( 7) Mozambique 82 3.89 93.51 15.10
8 ( 8) Australia 50 2.37 95.88 5.62
9 ( 9) Russia 34 1.61 97.49 2.60
10 (10) Spain 24 1.14 98.63 1.29
11 (11) Sierra Leone 22 1.04 99.67 1.09
12 (13) Malaysia 4 0.19 99.86 0.04
13 (12) Burundi 2 0.09 99.95 0.01
14 (14) Bolivia 1 0.05 100.00 0.00

Total 2 110 100.00 HHI 1 882

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 159

Titanium (TiO2-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 3 247 000 35.90 35.90 1 288.72

2 ( 2) Mozambique 1 829 500 20.23 56.13 409.13
3 ( 3) South Africa 1 010 000 11.17 67.29 124.69
4 ( 4) Australia 536 500 5.93 73.22 35.18
5 ( 5) Canada 470 000 5.20 78.42 27.00
6 ( 6) Madagascar 308 800 3.41 81.83 11.66
7 ( 9) Norway 290 660 3.21 85.05 10.33
8 ( 7) Senegal 239 960 2.65 87.70 7.04
9 ( 8) Kenya 169 980 1.88 89.58 3.53
10 (14) India 150 000 1.66 91.24 2.75
11 (12) Ukraine 147 700 1.63 92.87 2.67
12 (11) Sierra Leone 142 490 1.58 94.45 2.48
13 (13) Vietnam 114 500 1.27 95.71 1.60
14 (15) Korea, South 110 120 1.22 96.93 1.48
15 (10) United States 100 000 1.11 98.04 1.22
16 (16) Brazil 79 220 0.88 98.91 0.77
17 (20) Sri Lanka 31 665 0.35 99.26 0.12
18 (19) Iran 20 100 0.22 99.48 0.05
19 (18) Malaysia 15 600 0.17 99.66 0.03
20 (23) Nigeria 14 100 0.16 99.81 0.02
21 (17) Kazakhstan 13 000 0.14 99.96 0.02
22 (22) Russia 3 990 0.04 100.00 0.00

Total 9 044 885 100.00 HHI 1 930

Tungsten (W-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 65 980 78.75 78.75 6 201.43

2 ( 2) Vietnam 7 900 9.43 88.18 88.90
3 ( 3) Russia 1 750 2.09 90.27 4.36
4 ( 5) Korea, North 1 600 1.91 92.18 3.65
5 ( 6) Bolivia 1 505 1.80 93.97 3.23
6 ( 4) Rwanda 1 370 1.64 95.61 2.67
7 ( 7) Austria 819 0.98 96.59 0.96
8 ( 9) Spain 711 0.85 97.43 0.72
9 (12) Australia 420 0.50 97.94 0.25
10 (13) Congo, D.R. 418 0.50 98.43 0.25
11 ( 8) Portugal 400 0.48 98.91 0.23
12 (11) Mongolia 324 0.39 99.30 0.15
13 (10) Brazil 284 0.34 99.64 0.11
14 (20) Uzbekistan 77 0.09 99.73 0.01
15 (14) Burundi 69 0.08 99.81 0.01
16 (17) Mexico 50 0.06 99.87 0.00
17 (15) Thailand 32 0.04 99.91 0.00
18 (19) Myanmar 30 0.04 99.95 0.00
19 (16) Nigeria 26 0.03 99.98 0.00
20 (18) Uganda 20 0.02 100.00 0.00

Total 83 785 100.00 HHI 6 307

160 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Vanadium (V-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 81 600 69.85 69.85 4 878.75

2 ( 2) Russia 20 000 17.12 86.97 293.08
3 ( 3) South Africa 8 667 7.42 94.39 55.04
4 ( 4) Brazil 6 508 5.57 99.96 31.03
5 ( 5) India 50 0.04 100.00 0.00

Total 116 825 100.00 HHI 5 258

6.5.2 Non-Ferrous Metals

Aluminium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 41 979 700 59.41 59.41 3 529.65

2 ( 2) India 4 126 500 5.84 65.25 34.10
3 ( 3) Russia 4 028 000 5.70 70.95 32.50
4 ( 4) Canada 3 274 901 4.63 75.59 21.48
5 ( 5) United Arab Emirates 2 660 000 3.76 79.35 14.17
6 ( 6) Bahrain 1 620 665 2.29 81.64 5.26
7 ( 7) Australia 1 555 474 2.20 83.85 4.85
8 ( 8) Norway 1 321 229 1.87 85.72 3.50
9 (11) Brazil 1 021 700 1.45 87.16 2.09
10 ( 9) Malaysia 950 000 1.34 88.51 1.81
11 (13) Iceland 752 904 1.07 89.57 1.14
12 (10) United States 750 000 1.06 90.63 1.13
13 (14) South Africa 716 000 1.01 91.65 1.03
14 (12) Saudi Arabia 701 357 0.99 92.64 0.99
15 (15) Qatar 644 000 0.91 93.55 0.83
16 (16) Iran 614 972 0.87 94.42 0.76
17 (17) Mozambique 516 484 0.73 95.15 0.53
18 (18) Argentina 440 933 0.62 95.78 0.39
19 (19) Oman 397 530 0.56 96.34 0.32
20 (20) France 356 717 0.50 96.84 0.25
21 (22) New Zealand 333 869 0.47 97.32 0.22
22 (23) Egypt 310 000 0.44 97.75 0.19
23 (24) Kazakhstan 260 877 0.37 98.12 0.14
24 (25) Indonesia 214 930 0.30 98.43 0.09
25 (26) Romania 196 438 0.28 98.71 0.08
26 (21) Germany 189 471 0.27 98.97 0.07
27 (27) Greece 183 361 0.26 99.23 0.07
28 (29) Sweden 119 000 0.17 99.40 0.03
29 (30) Türkiye 82 000 0.12 99.52 0.01
30 (33) Tajikistan 66 649 0.09 99.61 0.01
31 (28) Bosnia-Herzegovina 64 465 0.09 99.70 0.01
32 (32) Cameroon 62 180 0.09 99.79 0.01
33 (34) Ghana 48 314 0.07 99.86 0.00
34 (36) Azerbaijan 36 800 0.05 99.91 0.00

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 161

 35 (37) United Kingdom 29 246 0.04 99.95 0.00
36 (35) Montenegro 21 778 0.03 99.98 0.00
37 (39) Venezuela 10 000 0.01 100.00 0.00
38 (38) Slovenia 1 487 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 70 659 931 100.00 HHI 3 658

Antimony

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 41 000 39.52 39.52 1 561.68

2 ( 4) Russia 32 475 31.30 70.82 979.77
3 ( 2) Tajikistan 14 800 14.27 85.08 203.49
4 ( 6) Bolivia 3 884 3.74 88.83 14.01
5 ( 3) Türkiye 3 816 3.68 92.51 13.53
6 ( 7) Myanmar 2 360 2.27 94.78 5.17
7 ( 8) Australia 1 860 1.79 96.57 3.21
8 ( 5) Iran 1 555 1.50 98.07 2.25
9 ( 9) Mexico 576 0.56 98.63 0.31
10 (12) Laos 480 0.46 99.09 0.21
11 (11) Kazakhstan 400 0.39 99.48 0.15
12 (10) Vietnam 394 0.38 99.86 0.14
13 (13) Kyrgyzstan 85 0.08 99.94 0.01
14 (**) Pakistan 40 0.04 99.98 0.00
15 (15) Guatemala 25 0.02 100.00 0.00

Total 103 750 100.00 HHI 2 784

Arsenic

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Peru 31 162 48.39 48.39 2 341.27

2 ( 2) China 24 000 37.27 85.65 1 388.75
3 ( 3) Morocco 7 700 11.96 97.61 142.95
4 ( 4) Belgium 1 000 1.55 99.16 2.41
5 ( 5) Russia 500 0.78 99.94 0.60
6 ( 6) Japan 40 0.06 100.00 0.00

Total 64 402 100.00 HHI 3 876

Bauxite (crude ore)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Guinea 123 067 415 31.48 31.48 991.17

2 ( 2) Australia 99 058 376 25.34 56.82 642.16
3 ( 3) China 65 516 300 16.76 73.58 280.91

162 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 4 ( 4) Brazil 32 032 491 8.19 81.78 67.15
5 ( 6) India 23 360 795 5.98 87.75 35.71
6 ( 5) Indonesia 9 889 569 2.53 90.28 6.40
7 ( 7) Russia 6 867 700 1.76 92.04 3.09
8 ( 9) Jamaica 5 988 100 1.53 93.57 2.35
9 ( 8) Saudi Arabia 5 900 000 1.51 95.08 2.28
10 (10) Kazakhstan 4 559 900 1.17 96.25 1.36
11 (11) Vietnam 3 800 000 0.97 97.22 0.94
12 (12) Türkiye 2 934 790 0.75 97.97 0.56
13 (15) Sierra Leone 1 353 708 0.35 98.32 0.12
14 (13) Greece 974 938 0.25 98.57 0.06
15 (16) Ghana 959 601 0.25 98.81 0.06
16 (17) Venezuela 900 000 0.23 99.04 0.05
17 (14) Iran 871 073 0.22 99.27 0.05
18 (21) Malaysia 576 770 0.15 99.41 0.02
19 (19) Bosnia-Herzegovina 548 160 0.14 99.55 0.02
20 (20) Montenegro 526 523 0.13 99.69 0.02
21 (18) Guyana 523 742 0.13 99.82 0.02
22 (**) Laos 275 142 0.07 99.89 0.00
23 (22) France 120 000 0.03 99.92 0.00
24 (25) Cote d'Ivoire 105 000 0.03 99.95 0.00
25 (27) Tanzania 61 353 0.02 99.97 0.00
26 (24) Pakistan 60 000 0.02 99.98 0.00
27 (30) United States 48 230 0.01 99.99 0.00
28 (28) Croatia 14 660 0.00 100.00 0.00
29 (29) Mozambique 5 481 0.00 100.00 0.00
30 (26) Colombia 2 779 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 390 902 596 100.00 HHI 2 035

Beryllium (concentrates)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) United States 4 590 60.06 60.06 3 607.54

2 ( 2) China 1 925 25.19 85.25 634.52
3 ( 3) Mozambique 882 11.54 96.79 133.21
4 ( 4) Nigeria 189 2.47 99.27 6.12
5 ( 7) Madagascar 20 0.26 99.53 0.07
6 ( 6) Rwanda 20 0.26 99.79 0.07
7 ( 8) Brazil 10 0.13 99.92 0.02
8 ( 9) Zambia 6 0.08 100.00 0.01

Total 7 642 100.00 HHI 4 382

Bismuth

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 8 000 79.13 79.13 6 261.49

2 ( 2) Vietnam 1 148 11.36 90.48 128.94
3 ( 3) Japan 500 4.95 95.43 24.46

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 163

 4 ( 4) Peru 304 3.01 98.44 9.04
5 ( 5) Kazakhstan 100 0.99 99.43 0.98
6 ( 7) Bolivia 58 0.57 100.00 0.33

Total 10 110 100.00 HHI 6 425

Cadmium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 9 000 37.15 37.15 1 380.14

2 ( 2) Korea, South 4 500 18.58 55.73 345.03
3 ( 4) Canada 1 800 7.43 63.16 55.21
4 ( 3) Japan 1 750 7.22 70.38 52.18
5 ( 6) Kazakhstan 1 200 4.95 75.33 24.54
6 ( 5) Mexico 1 021 4.21 79.55 17.76
7 ( 7) Russia 902 3.72 83.27 13.86
8 (12) Australia 900 3.72 86.99 13.80
9 ( 8) Netherlands 726 3.00 89.98 8.98
10 ( 9) Peru 494 2.04 92.02 4.16
11 (10) Uzbekistan 470 1.94 93.96 3.76
12 (11) Norway 420 1.73 95.69 3.01
13 (15) United States 375 1.55 97.24 2.40
14 (13) Bulgaria 306 1.26 98.51 1.60
15 (16) Korea, North 150 0.62 99.12 0.38
16 (14) Germany 112 0.46 99.59 0.21
17 (17) Brazil 100 0.41 100.00 0.17

Total 24 226 100.00 HHI 1 927

Copper

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Chile 5 250 400 23.38 23.38 546.52

2 ( 3) Congo, D.R. 2 842 022 12.65 36.03 160.13
3 ( 2) Peru 2 755 244 12.27 48.30 150.50
4 ( 4) China 1 830 000 8.15 56.45 66.39
5 ( 5) United States 1 130 000 5.03 61.48 25.31
6 ( 7) Russia 916 000 4.08 65.56 16.63
7 ( 6) Indonesia 907 210 4.04 69.60 16.32
8 ( 8) Mexico 778 839 3.47 73.07 12.03
9 ( 9) Australia 778 303 3.47 76.53 12.01
10 (10) Zambia 732 583 3.26 79.79 10.64
11 (11) Kazakhstan 614 416 2.74 82.53 7.48
12 (12) Canada 484 552 2.16 84.69 4.65
13 (13) Poland 395 400 1.76 86.45 3.10
14 (16) Brazil 376 338 1.68 88.12 2.81
15 (14) Panama 330 863 1.47 89.60 2.17
16 (15) Iran 315 280 1.40 91.00 1.97
17 (17) Mongolia 313 270 1.39 92.39 1.95
18 (18) Serbia 238 909 1.06 93.46 1.13
19 (19) Uzbekistan 148 500 0.66 94.12 0.44

164 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 20 (23) Türkiye 127 000 0.57 94.68 0.32
21 (21) Ecuador 126 500 0.56 95.25 0.32
22 (22) Bulgaria 121 130 0.54 95.79 0.29
23 (20) Spain 114 786 0.51 96.30 0.26
24 (25) Papua New Guinea 90 490 0.40 96.70 0.16
25 (24) Sweden 73 780 0.33 97.03 0.11
26 (30) Botswana 72 411 0.32 97.35 0.10
27 (26) Saudi Arabia 70 090 0.31 97.66 0.10
28 (27) Armenia 67 705 0.30 97.97 0.09
29 (28) Philippines 61 981 0.28 98.24 0.08
30 (31) Laos 56 309 0.25 98.49 0.06
31 (29) South Africa 50 023 0.22 98.71 0.05
32 (33) Portugal 43 600 0.19 98.91 0.04
33 (34) Morocco 31 590 0.14 99.05 0.02
34 (32) Vietnam 29 040 0.13 99.18 0.02
35 (36) India 25 717 0.11 99.29 0.01
36 (35) Finland 20 132 0.09 99.38 0.01
37 (38) Eritrea 17 595 0.08 99.46 0.01
38 (39) Pakistan 17 042 0.08 99.54 0.01
39 (43) Zimbabwe 14 221 0.06 99.60 0.00
40 (40) Mauritania 13 014 0.06 99.66 0.00
41 (48) Dominican Republic 9 673 0.04 99.70 0.00
42 (42) Romania 9 250 0.04 99.74 0.00
43 (41) Congo, Rep. 8 419 0.04 99.78 0.00
44 (44) North Macedonia 7 940 0.04 99.82 0.00
45 (45) Kyrgyzstan 6 950 0.03 99.85 0.00
46 (46) Colombia 6 007 0.03 99.87 0.00
47 (51) Albania 4 720 0.02 99.89 0.00
48 (37) Tajikistan 4 500 0.02 99.91 0.00
49 (47) Georgia 4 395 0.02 99.93 0.00
50 (50) Bolivia 3 881 0.02 99.95 0.00
51 (49) Tanzania 3 785 0.02 99.97 0.00
52 (54) Myanmar 2 170 0.01 99.98 0.00
53 (52) Azerbaijan 2 138 0.01 99.99 0.00
54 (53) Korea, North 2 000 0.01 100.00 0.00
55 (**) Namibia 752 0.00 100.00 0.00
56 (55) Germany 71 0.00 100.00 0.00
57 (56) Slovakia 37 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 22 458 973 100.00 HHI 1 044

Gallium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 701 98.32 98.32 9 666.23

2 ( 2) Russia 6 0.84 99.16 0.71
3 ( 3) Japan 3 0.42 99.58 0.18
4 ( 4) Korea, South 3 0.42 100.00 0.18

Total 713 100.00 HHI 9 667

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 165

Germanium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 154 94.48 94.48 8 926.19

2 ( 2) Russia 5 3.07 97.55 9.41
3 ( 3) Japan 2 1.23 98.77 1.51
4 ( 4) United States 2 1.23 100.00 1.51

Total 163 100.00 HHI 8 939

Indium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 646 66.05 66.05 4 363.02

2 ( 2) Korea, South 180 18.40 84.46 338.74
3 ( 3) Japan 65 6.65 91.10 44.17
4 ( 4) Canada 40 4.09 95.19 16.73
5 ( 6) France 21 2.15 97.34 4.61
6 ( 5) Belgium 19 1.94 99.28 3.77
7 ( 7) Russia 6 0.61 99.90 0.38
8 ( 8) Uzbekistan 1 0.10 100.00 0.01

Total 978 100.00 HHI 4 771

Lead

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 1 960 000 41.66 41.66 1 735.67

2 ( 2) Australia 472 242 10.04 51.70 100.76
3 ( 3) Mexico 373 609 7.94 59.64 63.07
4 ( 5) Peru 273 335 5.81 65.45 33.76
5 ( 4) United States 263 000 5.59 71.04 31.25
6 ( 7) India 226 400 4.81 75.85 23.16
7 ( 6) Russia 220 000 4.68 80.53 21.87
8 ( 8) Iran 103 100 2.19 82.72 4.80
9 ( 9) Bolivia 102 927 2.19 84.91 4.79
10 (10) Türkiye 69 230 1.47 86.38 2.17
11 (11) Sweden 65 570 1.39 87.77 1.94
12 (18) Kazakhstan 45 900 0.98 88.75 0.95
13 (14) North Macedonia 43 930 0.93 89.68 0.87
14 (12) Nigeria 41 500 0.88 90.57 0.78
15 (15) South Africa 40 271 0.86 91.42 0.73
16 (13) Tajikistan 37 809 0.80 92.23 0.65
17 (17) Cuba 35 000 0.74 92.97 0.55
18 (24) Argentina 29 780 0.63 93.60 0.40
19 (19) Poland 29 510 0.63 94.23 0.39
20 (16) Morocco 26 310 0.56 94.79 0.31
21 (20) Korea, North 25 000 0.53 95.32 0.28

166 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 22 (21) Portugal 22 520 0.48 95.80 0.23
23 (26) Myanmar 21 650 0.46 96.26 0.21
24 (22) Bulgaria 20 690 0.44 96.70 0.19
25 (34) Brazil 16 237 0.35 97.04 0.12
26 (23) Vietnam 15 870 0.34 97.38 0.11
27 (30) Greece 15 220 0.32 97.70 0.10
28 (25) Uzbekistan 14 550 0.31 98.01 0.10
29 (28) Honduras 12 300 0.26 98.28 0.07
30 (29) Namibia 10 990 0.23 98.51 0.05
31 (32) Spain 10 547 0.22 98.73 0.05
32 (31) Mongolia 8 500 0.18 98.91 0.03
33 (33) Pakistan 7 838 0.17 99.08 0.03
34 (36) Serbia 7 220 0.15 99.23 0.02
35 (27) Ireland 7 019 0.15 99.38 0.02
36 (35) Bosnia-Herzegovina 6 670 0.14 99.52 0.02
37 (37) Indonesia 6 415 0.14 99.66 0.02
38 (38) Kosovo 3 850 0.08 99.74 0.01
39 (42) Montenegro 3 710 0.08 99.82 0.01
40 (39) Canada 2 000 0.04 99.86 0.00
41 (46) Malaysia 1 950 0.04 99.91 0.00
42 (44) Tunisia 1 000 0.02 99.93 0.00
43 (40) Laos 1 000 0.02 99.95 0.00
44 (41) Finland 910 0.02 99.97 0.00
45 (47) Romania 700 0.01 99.98 0.00
46 (45) Chile 325 0.01 99.99 0.00
47 (43) Korea, South 240 0.01 99.99 0.00
48 (48) Slovakia 155 0.00 100.00 0.00
49 (49) United Kingdom 100 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 4 704 599 100.00 HHI 2 031

Lithium (Li2O-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Australia 204 200 40.84 40.84 1 668.21

2 ( 2) Chile 113 200 22.64 63.49 512.66
3 ( 3) China 106 300 21.26 84.75 452.07
4 ( 7) Zimbabwe 33 900 6.78 91.53 45.98
5 ( 4) Argentina 18 610 3.72 95.25 13.86
6 ( 5) Brazil 15 193 3.04 98.29 9.23
7 ( 6) Canada 5 436 1.09 99.38 1.18
8 ( 8) United States 1 325 0.27 99.64 0.07
9 (11) Nigeria 930 0.19 99.83 0.03
10 ( 9) Bolivia 380 0.08 99.90 0.01
11 (10) Portugal 380 0.08 99.98 0.01
12 (13) Tanzania 57 0.01 99.99 0.00
13 (12) Russia 30 0.01 100.00 0.00
14 (**) Burundi 13 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 499 954 100.00 HHI 2 703

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 167

Mercury

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 700 65.85 65.85 4 336.40

2 ( 2) Tajikistan 300 28.22 94.07 796.48
3 ( 5) Russia 30 2.82 96.90 7.96
4 ( 4) United States 15 1.41 98.31 1.99
5 ( 3) Mexico 10 0.94 99.25 0.88
6 ( 6) Kyrgyzstan 6 0.56 99.81 0.32
7 ( 7) Morocco 2 0.19 100.00 0.04

Total 1 063 100.00 HHI 5 144

Rare Earth Minerals (REO-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 255 000 66.18 66.18 4 379.61

2 ( 4) Myanmar 56 850 14.75 80.93 217.68
3 ( 2) United States 41 557 10.79 91.72 116.32
4 ( 3) Australia 20 280 5.26 96.98 27.70
5 ( 5) Madagascar 4 000 1.04 98.02 1.08
6 ( 6) India 2 600 0.67 98.69 0.46
7 ( 7) Russia 1 964 0.51 99.20 0.26
8 ( 8) Brazil 1 280 0.33 99.54 0.11
9 ( 9) Vietnam 1 100 0.29 99.82 0.08
10 (10) Nigeria 390 0.10 99.92 0.01
11 (11) Malaysia 300 0.08 100.00 0.01

Total 385 321 100.00 HHI 4 743

Rhenium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
kg

1 ( 1) Chile 50 754 69 61 69 61 4 845 15

2 ( 2) United States 9 410 12 91 82 51 166 55
3 ( 3) Poland 6 491 8 90 91 41 79 25
4 ( 4) China 2 650 3 63 95 05 13 21
5 ( 5) Russia 2 000 2 74 97 79 7 52
6 ( 6) Kazakhstan 800 1 10 98 89 1 20
7 ( 7) Uzbekistan 670 0 92 99 81 0 84
8 ( 8) Armenia 140 0 19 100 00 0 04

Total 72 915 100 00 HHI 5 114

168 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Selenium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 1 400 35.06 35.06 1 229.30

2 ( 2) Japan 680 17.03 52.09 290.01
3 ( 4) Philippines 300 7.51 59.60 56.45
4 ( 3) Germany 300 7.51 67.12 56.45
5 ( 5) Russia 250 6.26 73.38 39.20
6 ( 6) Belgium 200 5.01 78.39 25.09
7 ( 7) Mexico 139 3.48 81.87 12.12
8 (10) Canada 130 3.26 85.12 10.60
9 ( 8) Finland 122 3.06 88.18 9.34
10 (11) Chile 103 2.58 90.76 6.65
11 ( 9) United States 100 2.50 93.26 6.27
12 (12) Poland 74 1.85 95.12 3.43
13 (**) Kazakhstan 60 1.50 96.62 2.26
14 (13) Peru 50 1.25 97.87 1.57
15 (14) Uzbekistan 35 0.88 98.75 0.77
16 (16) India 20 0.50 99.25 0.25
17 (15) Sweden 20 0.50 99.75 0.25
18 (17) Serbia 10 0.25 100.00 0.06

Total 3 993 100.00 HHI 1 750

Tellurium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 500 72.25 72.25 5 220.69

2 ( 2) Japan 65 9.39 81.65 88.23
3 ( 3) Russia 50 7.23 88.87 52.21
4 ( 4) Sweden 36 5.20 94.08 27.06
5 ( 5) Canada 27 3.90 97.98 15.22
6 ( 6) United States 10 1.45 99.42 2.09
7 ( 7) Uzbekistan 3 0.43 99.86 0.19
8 ( 8) Bulgaria 1 0.14 100.00 0.02

Total 692 100.00 HHI 5 406

Tin

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 68 000 23.55 23.55 554.38

2 ( 2) Indonesia 50 669 17.54 41.09 307.80
3 ( 3) Myanmar 41 950 14.53 55.61 210.98
4 ( 4) Peru 26 230 9.08 64.70 82.49
5 ( 6) Brazil 25 121 8.70 73.40 75.66
6 ( 7) Bolivia 18 693 6.47 79.87 41.89
7 ( 5) Congo, D.R. 18 460 6.39 86.26 40.86

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 169

 8 ( 8) Australia 9 852 3.41 89.67 11.64
9 (10) Vietnam 9 079 3.14 92.81 9.88
10 ( 9) Nigeria 7 680 2.66 95.47 7.07
11 (11) Malaysia 3 767 1.30 96.78 1.70
12 (12) Russia 3 570 1.24 98.01 1.53
13 (13) Rwanda 3 210 1.11 99.13 1.24
14 (15) Namibia 876 0.30 99.43 0.09
15 (14) Laos 790 0.27 99.70 0.07
16 (17) Spain 356 0.12 99.83 0.02
17 (16) Tanzania 316 0.11 99.94 0.01
18 (19) Burundi 70 0.02 99.96 0.00
19 (20) Portugal 48 0.02 99.98 0.00
20 (18) Thailand 30 0.01 99.99 0.00
21 (22) India 23 0.01 99.99 0.00
22 (21) Mongolia 16 0.01 100.00 0.00

Total 288 806 100.00 HHI 1 347

Zinc

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 4 130 000 32.98 32.98 1 087.88

2 ( 2) Peru 1 469 127 11.73 44.72 137.66
3 ( 3) Australia 1 098 290 8.77 53.49 76.93
4 ( 5) India 853 400 6.82 60.30 46.45
5 ( 6) United States 767 000 6.13 66.43 37.52
6 ( 4) Mexico 744 285 5.94 72.37 35.33
7 ( 7) Bolivia 491 768 3.93 76.30 15.42
8 ( 8) Kazakhstan 352 900 2.82 79.12 7.94
9 ( 9) Russia 320 000 2.56 81.67 6.53
10 (10) Sweden 217 596 1.74 83.41 3.02
11 (11) Iran 215 900 1.72 85.14 2.97
12 (12) South Africa 197 630 1.58 86.71 2.49
13 (16) Brazil 194 030 1.55 88.26 2.40
14 (13) Türkiye 187 700 1.50 89.76 2.25
15 (14) Portugal 185 670 1.48 91.24 2.20
16 (17) Eritrea 116 829 0.93 92.18 0.87
17 (15) Canada 109 507 0.87 93.05 0.76
18 (19) Spain 89 219 0.71 93.76 0.51
19 (24) Cuba 66 100 0.53 94.29 0.28
20 (21) Mongolia 60 300 0.48 94.77 0.23
21 (20) Finland 58 387 0.47 95.24 0.22
22 (18) Ireland 53 327 0.43 95.67 0.18
23 (22) Tajikistan 45 071 0.36 96.03 0.13
24 (26) Uzbekistan 41 600 0.33 96.36 0.11
25 (25) Pakistan 41 295 0.33 96.69 0.11
26 (28) Morocco 36 320 0.29 96.98 0.08
27 (27) Namibia 35 621 0.28 97.26 0.08
28 (23) Nigeria 33 270 0.27 97.53 0.07
29 (30) Honduras 30 000 0.24 97.77 0.06
30 (31) Korea, North 28 000 0.22 97.99 0.05
31 (29) North Macedonia 27 880 0.22 98.21 0.05
32 (37) Congo, Rep. 24 070 0.19 98.41 0.04
33 (32) Saudi Arabia 23 510 0.19 98.59 0.04
34 (33) Chile 22 059 0.18 98.77 0.03
35 (38) Vietnam 20 970 0.17 98.94 0.03
36 (35) Bulgaria 17 830 0.14 99.08 0.02

170 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 37 (42) Greece 16 600 0.13 99.21 0.02
38 (37) Congo, D.R. 11 321 0.09 99.30 0.01
39 (48) Dominican Republic 10 837 0.09 99.39 0.01
40 (40) Indonesia 10 410 0.08 99.47 0.01
41 (43) Serbia 10 380 0.08 99.56 0.01
42 (51) Argentina 9 580 0.08 99.63 0.01
43 (41) Myanmar 8 980 0.07 99.70 0.01
44 (45) Bosnia-Herzegovina 8 050 0.06 99.77 0.00
45 (44) Montenegro 7 640 0.06 99.83 0.00
46 (36) Laos 7 100 0.06 99.89 0.00
47 (46) Armenia 6 198 0.05 99.94 0.00
48 (49) Kosovo 2 810 0.02 99.96 0.00
49 (54) Malaysia 1 981 0.02 99.97 0.00
50 (52) Tunisia 1 600 0.01 99.99 0.00
51 (50) Korea, South 810 0.01 99.99 0.00
52 (47) Romania 500 0.00 100.00 0.00
53 (53) Algeria 240 0.00 100.00 0.00
54 (55) Slovakia 90 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 12 521 588 100.00 HHI 1 471

6.5.3 Precious Metals

Gold

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
kg

1 ( 1) China 375 155 11.49 11.49 131.91

2 ( 3) Russia 312 800 9.58 21.06 91.70
3 ( 2) Australia 296 053 9.06 30.12 82.15
4 ( 4) Canada 191 035 5.85 35.97 34.20
5 ( 5) United States 170 000 5.20 41.18 27.09
6 ( 6) Mexico 131 842 4.04 45.21 16.29
7 ( 7) Kazakhstan 131 204 4.02 49.23 16.13
8 ( 8) Ghana 125 611 3.85 53.08 14.79
9 ( 9) Uzbekistan 107 120 3.28 56.36 10.75
10 (11) Peru 100 986 3.09 59.45 9.56
11 (13) South Africa 96 626 2.96 62.41 8.75
12 (10) Indonesia 94 610 2.90 65.30 8.39
13 (12) Brazil 86 900 2.66 67.96 7.08
14 (14) Guinea 75 599 2.31 70.28 5.36
15 (15) Mali 72 600 2.22 72.50 4.94
16 (19) Colombia 61 300 1.88 74.38 3.52
17 (16) Burkina Faso 57 338 1.76 76.13 3.08
18 (17) Tanzania 54 760 1.68 77.81 2.81
19 (20) Cote d'Ivoire 51 185 1.57 79.38 2.46
20 (18) Bolivia 46 615 1.43 80.80 2.04
21 (21) Papua New Guinea 41 540 1.27 82.07 1.62
22 (23) Argentina 38 510 1.18 83.25 1.39
23 (25) Türkiye 36 250 1.11 84.36 1.23
24 (26) Chile 35 790 1.10 85.46 1.20
25 (27) Congo, D.R. 34 526 1.06 86.52 1.12
26 (24) Zimbabwe 32 391 0.99 87.51 0.98
27 (28) Philippines 31 046 0.95 88.46 0.90
28 (29) Kyrgyzstan 24 600 0.75 89.21 0.57

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 171

 29 (22) Sudan 23 200 0.71 89.92 0.50
30 (33) Mauritania 20 129 0.62 90.54 0.38
31 (31) Suriname 17 853 0.55 91.08 0.30
32 (30) Dominican Republic 17 646 0.54 91.62 0.29
33 (34) Ecuador 17 550 0.54 92.16 0.29
34 (32) Mongolia 14 855 0.45 92.62 0.21
35 (37) Egypt 13 998 0.43 93.04 0.18
36 (39) Liberia 13 639 0.42 93.46 0.17
37 (38) Saudi Arabia 13 476 0.41 93.87 0.17
38 (36) Guyana 13 440 0.41 94.29 0.17
39 (40) Nicaragua 13 330 0.41 94.69 0.17
40 (35) Senegal 12 864 0.39 95.09 0.16
41 (41) Korea, North 10 000 0.31 95.39 0.09
42 (49) Namibia 9 800 0.30 95.69 0.09
43 (45) Bulgaria 9 276 0.28 95.98 0.08
44 (43) Tajikistan 9 220 0.28 96.26 0.08
45 (44) Venezuela 9 000 0.28 96.54 0.08
46 (46) Finland 8 804 0.27 96.81 0.07
47 (48) Iran 8 674 0.27 97.07 0.07
48 (42) Laos 8 312 0.25 97.33 0.06
49 (47) Sweden 7 358 0.23 97.55 0.05
50 (50) Serbia 6 944 0.21 97.76 0.05
51 (51) New Zealand 6 844 0.21 97.97 0.04
52 (53) Georgia 5 000 0.15 98.13 0.02
53 (54) Japan 4 139 0.13 98.25 0.02
54 (56) Panama 4 039 0.12 98.38 0.02
55 (58) Togo 3 600 0.11 98.49 0.01
56 (60) Cambodia 3 524 0.11 98.59 0.01
57 (52) Ethiopia 3 500 0.11 98.70 0.01
58 (61) Azerbaijan 2 659 0.08 98.78 0.01
59 (63) Nigeria 2 632 0.08 98.86 0.01
60 (62) Eritrea 2 550 0.08 98.94 0.01
61 (55) Niger 2 534 0.08 99.02 0.01
62 (59) Zambia 2 145 0.07 99.08 0.00
63 (68) Greece 2 088 0.06 99.15 0.00
64 (66) Honduras 2 051 0.06 99.21 0.00
65 (65) Rwanda 2 000 0.06 99.27 0.00
66 (64) Madagascar 2 000 0.06 99.33 0.00
67 (93) Solomon Islands 1 788 0.05 99.39 0.00
68 (72) Mozambique 1 666 0.05 99.44 0.00
69 (70) Spain 1 605 0.05 99.49 0.00
70 (67) Malaysia 1 584 0.05 99.54 0.00
71 (69) Central African Republic 1 549 0.05 99.58 0.00
72 (71) India 1 428 0.04 99.63 0.00
73 (74) Gabon 1 276 0.04 99.67 0.00
74 (75) French Guiana 1 110 0.03 99.70 0.00
75 (76) Burundi 1 054 0.03 99.73 0.00
76 (73) Vietnam 962 0.03 99.76 0.00
77 (57) Armenia 930 0.03 99.79 0.00
78 (**) Thailand 857 0.03 99.82 0.00
79 (78) Costa Rica 800 0.02 99.84 0.00
80 (80) North Macedonia 600 0.02 99.86 0.00
81 (81) Fiji 545 0.02 99.88 0.00
82 (83) Myanmar 510 0.02 99.89 0.00
83 (84) Romania 500 0.02 99.91 0.00
84 (86) Slovakia 492 0.02 99.92 0.00
85 (79) Poland 442 0.01 99.94 0.00
86 (77) Cameroon 431 0.01 99.95 0.00
87 (82) Kenya 410 0.01 99.96 0.00
88 (85) Botswana 331 0.01 99.97 0.00
89 (88) Sierra Leone 163 0.00 99.98 0.00
90 (90) Congo, Rep. 150 0.00 99.98 0.00

172 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 91 (91) Algeria 147 0.00 99.99 0.00
92 (87) United Kingdom 126 0.00 99.99 0.00
93 (89) Morocco 104 0.00 99.99 0.00
94 (95) Malawi 60 0.00 100.00 0.00
95 (92) Korea, South 43 0.00 100.00 0.00
96 (94) Angola 41 0.00 100.00 0.00
97 (99) Eswatini 23 0.00 100.00 0.00
98 (96) Germany 14 0.00 100.00 0.00
99 (98) Benin 5 0.00 100.00 0.00
100 (97) Uganda 4 0.00 100.00 0.00
101 (100) Taiwan 3 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 3 266 418 100.00 HHI 496

Palladium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
kg

1 ( 1) Russia 83 980 40.86 40.86 1 669.48

2 ( 2) South Africa 74 918 36.45 77.31 1 328.62
3 ( 3) Canada 17 267 8.40 85.71 70.58
4 ( 4) Zimbabwe 15 857 7.71 93.43 59.52
5 ( 5) United States 10 251 4.99 98.41 24.87
6 ( 6) China 2 000 0.97 99.39 0.95
7 ( 7) Finland 762 0.37 99.76 0.14
8 ( 8) Australia 410 0.20 99.96 0.04
9 (10) Uzbekistan 60 0.03 99.99 0.00
10 ( 9) Serbia 25 0.01 100.00 0.00
11 (11) Poland 5 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 205 535 100.00 HHI 3 154

Platinum

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
kg

1 ( 1) South Africa 124 870 69.84 69.84 4 877.59

2 ( 2) Russia 20 650 11.55 81.39 133.39
3 ( 3) Zimbabwe 19 180 10.73 92.12 115.08
4 ( 4) Canada 6 120 3.42 95.54 11.72
5 ( 5) United States 3 038 1.70 97.24 2.89
6 ( 6) China 3 000 1.68 98.92 2.82
7 ( 7) Finland 933 0.52 99.44 0.27
8 ( 8) Colombia 893 0.50 99.94 0.25
9 ( 9) Australia 100 0.06 99.99 0.00
10 (11) Poland 6 0.00 100.00 0.00
11 (10) Serbia 5 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 178 795 100.00 HHI 5 144

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 173

Rhodium

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
kg

1 ( 1) South Africa 18 549 81.23 81.23 6 598.41

2 ( 2) Russia 2 180 9.55 90.78 91.14
3 ( 3) Zimbabwe 1 672 7.32 98.10 53.61
4 ( 4) Canada 334 1.46 99.56 2.14
5 ( 5) United States 100 0.44 100.00 0.19

Total 22 835 100.00 HHI 6 745

Silver

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
kg

1 ( 1) Mexico 7 277 840 27.32 27.32 746.16

2 ( 2) China 3 399 600 12.76 40.08 162.81
3 ( 3) Peru 3 041 394 11.42 51.49 130.31
4 ( 4) Russia 1 550 000 5.82 57.31 33.84
5 ( 7) Bolivia 1 350 216 5.07 62.38 25.68
6 ( 5) Poland 1 319 900 4.95 67.33 24.54
7 ( 6) Chile 1 262 287 4.74 72.07 22.45
8 ( 8) Australia 1 032 993 3.88 75.95 15.03
9 (10) United States 1 020 000 3.83 79.77 14.66
10 ( 9) Kazakhstan 894 807 3.36 83.13 11.28
11 (11) Argentina 810 190 3.04 86.17 9.25
12 (12) India 738 664 2.77 88.95 7.69
13 (13) Sweden 404 055 1.52 90.46 2.30
14 (14) Indonesia 281 060 1.05 91.52 1.11
15 (15) Canada 240 523 0.90 92.42 0.81
16 (16) Uzbekistan 239 500 0.90 93.32 0.81
17 (17) Morocco 231 700 0.87 94.19 0.76
18 (19) Papua New Guinea 136 530 0.51 94.70 0.26
19 (23) Brazil 102 640 0.39 95.09 0.15
20 (18) Türkiye 96 130 0.36 95.45 0.13
21 (26) Spain 88 796 0.33 95.78 0.11
22 (22) Portugal 88 676 0.33 96.11 0.11
23 (21) Iran 87 100 0.33 96.44 0.11
24 (20) Panama 84 737 0.32 96.76 0.10
25 (24) Mongolia 73 000 0.27 97.03 0.08
26 (35) Botswana 55 396 0.21 97.24 0.04
27 (25) Dominican Republic 52 042 0.20 97.44 0.04
28 (32) Colombia 51 699 0.19 97.63 0.04
29 (28) Korea, North 50 000 0.19 97.82 0.04
30 (29) Eritrea 48 532 0.18 98.00 0.03
31 (31) Ecuador 47 950 0.18 98.18 0.03
32 (27) Philippines 46 160 0.17 98.35 0.03
33 (33) Finland 43 915 0.16 98.52 0.03
34 (34) Greece 42 988 0.16 98.68 0.03
35 (30) South Africa 41 929 0.16 98.84 0.02
36 (40) Nicaragua 36 500 0.14 98.97 0.02
37 (36) Honduras 32 000 0.12 99.09 0.01
38 (39) Georgia 24 000 0.09 99.18 0.01
39 (37) Bulgaria 22 800 0.09 99.27 0.01

174 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 40 (38) Laos 19 526 0.07 99.34 0.01
41 (42) Romania 18 000 0.07 99.41 0.00
42 (44) North Macedonia 16 120 0.06 99.47 0.00
43 (43) Kyrgyzstan 15 400 0.06 99.53 0.00
44 (41) Armenia 15 286 0.06 99.59 0.00
45 (45) Tanzania 14 481 0.05 99.64 0.00
46 (47) Tajikistan 12 000 0.05 99.68 0.00
47 (**) Thailand 10 417 0.04 99.72 0.00
48 (49) Saudi Arabia 9 000 0.03 99.76 0.00
49 (50) Burkina Faso 7 891 0.03 99.79 0.00
50 (52) Germany 7 000 0.03 99.81 0.00
51 (68) Malaysia 6 726 0.03 99.84 0.00
52 (54) New Zealand 5 554 0.02 99.86 0.00
53 (46) Azerbaijan 5 211 0.02 99.88 0.00
54 (53) Namibia 5 000 0.02 99.90 0.00
55 (48) Serbia 5 000 0.02 99.92 0.00
56 (55) Congo, D.R. 3 400 0.01 99.93 0.00
57 (56) Mali 3 000 0.01 99.94 0.00
58 (57) Japan 2 604 0.01 99.95 0.00
59 (51) Korea, South 2 322 0.01 99.96 0.00
60 (62) Vietnam 1 744 0.01 99.97 0.00
61 (60) Cote d'Ivoire 1 600 0.01 99.97 0.00
62 (65) Ghana 1 000 0.00 99.98 0.00
63 (59) Sudan 1 000 0.00 99.98 0.00
64 (58) Ireland 998 0.00 99.98 0.00
65 (64) Senegal 982 0.00 99.99 0.00
66 (61) Zimbabwe 753 0.00 99.99 0.00
67 (63) United Kingdom 650 0.00 99.99 0.00
68 (67) Fiji 607 0.00 99.99 0.00
69 (66) Ethiopia 600 0.00 100.00 0.00
70 (69) Slovakia 407 0.00 100.00 0.00
71 (70) Nigeria 277 0.00 100.00 0.00
72 (72) Solomon Islands 220 0.00 100.00 0.00
73 (71) Niger 100 0.00 100.00 0.00
74 (73) Algeria 20 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 26 643 145 100.00 HHI 1 211

6.5.4 Industrial Minerals

Asbestos

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Russia 598 000 48.28 48.28 2 330.84

2 ( 2) Kazakhstan 255 300 20.61 68.89 424.83
3 ( 3) China 196 000 15.82 84.71 250.39
4 ( 4) Brazil 189 340 15.29 100.00 233.67

Total 1 238 640 100.00 HHI 3 240

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 175

Baryte

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) India 2 400 000 26.95 26.95 726.15

2 ( 2) China 2 000 000 22.46 49.40 504.27
3 ( 3) Morocco 931 332 10.46 59.86 109.35
4 ( 8) Laos 725 207 8.14 68.00 66.30
5 ( 4) Kazakhstan 650 000 7.30 75.30 53.26
6 ( 5) Mexico 482 302 5.42 80.72 29.33
7 (10) Iran 389 429 4.37 85.09 19.12
8 ( 6) United States 344 750 3.87 88.96 14.98
9 ( 9) Russia 220 000 2.47 91.43 6.10
10 ( 7) Türkiye 215 946 2.42 93.85 5.88
11 (11) Pakistan 140 970 1.58 95.44 2.51
12 (12) Bulgaria 60 000 0.67 96.11 0.45
13 (15) Bolivia 54 509 0.61 96.72 0.37
14 (13) Canada 50 000 0.56 97.28 0.32
15 (14) Algeria 49 200 0.55 97.84 0.31
16 (16) Vietnam 48 500 0.54 98.38 0.30
17 (22) Thailand 30 685 0.34 98.73 0.12
18 (18) United Kingdom 30 000 0.34 99.06 0.11
19 (17) Myanmar 29 300 0.33 99.39 0.11
20 (20) Germany 16 434 0.18 99.58 0.03
21 (19) Peru 11 824 0.13 99.71 0.02
22 (21) Tunisia 10 000 0.11 99.82 0.01
23 (25) Egypt 4 000 0.04 99.87 0.00
24 (24) Korea, North 4 000 0.04 99.91 0.00
25 (26) Australia 3 754 0.04 99.95 0.00
26 (23) Brazil 1 795 0.02 99.97 0.00
27 (28) Colombia 1 376 0.02 99.99 0.00
28 (29) Ecuador 1 000 0.01 100.00 0.00
29 (27) Nigeria 30 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 8 906 343 100.00 HHI 1 539

Bentonite

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) United States 4 360 000 22.62 22.62 511.61

2 ( 2) India 3 500 000 18.16 40.78 329.68
3 ( 4) Türkiye 2 494 366 12.94 53.72 167.45
4 ( 3) China 2 100 000 10.89 64.61 118.69
5 ( 5) Iran 1 960 421 10.17 74.78 103.43
6 ( 6) Greece 1 166 920 6.05 80.83 36.65
7 ( 7) Russia 537 000 2.79 83.62 7.76
8 (20) Italy 394 391 2.05 85.67 4.19
9 ( 9) Germany 285 000 1.48 87.14 2.19
10 (10) Slovakia 272 234 1.41 88.56 1.99
11 (11) Brazil 200 000 1.04 89.59 1.08
12 (16) Czechia 196 000 1.02 90.61 1.03
13 (13) France 180 000 0.93 91.55 0.87
14 (14) Japan 180 000 0.93 92.48 0.87
15 (17) Argentina 174 190 0.90 93.38 0.82

176 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 16 (15) Azerbaijan 127 010 0.66 94.04 0.43
17 (12) Spain 117 550 0.61 94.65 0.37
18 (22) Cyprus 102 442 0.53 95.18 0.28
19 (18) Morocco 89 274 0.46 95.65 0.21
20 (21) South Africa 77 598 0.40 96.05 0.16
21 (19) Mozambique 71 593 0.37 96.42 0.14
22 (25) Kazakhstan 65 000 0.34 96.76 0.11
23 (24) Romania 62 026 0.32 97.08 0.10
24 (23) Bulgaria 61 000 0.32 97.40 0.10
25 (26) Uzbekistan 60 000 0.31 97.71 0.10
26 (28) Ukraine 50 000 0.26 97.97 0.07
27 (33) Australia 47 551 0.25 98.21 0.06
28 (29) Pakistan 45 000 0.23 98.45 0.05
29 (30) Hungary 38 000 0.20 98.64 0.04
30 (32) Bosnia-Herzegovina 37 878 0.20 98.84 0.04
31 (35) Georgia 34 600 0.18 99.02 0.03
32 (31) Algeria 34 000 0.18 99.20 0.03
33 (27) Colombia 31 263 0.16 99.36 0.03
34 (37) Philippines 26 556 0.14 99.50 0.02
35 (36) Peru 24 783 0.13 99.62 0.02
36 (34) Denmark 18 962 0.10 99.72 0.01
37 (38) Uruguay 15 547 0.08 99.80 0.01
38 (39) Turkmenistan 10 000 0.05 99.86 0.00
39 ( 8) Korea, South 8 000 0.04 99.90 0.00
40 (40) Guatemala 7 400 0.04 99.94 0.00
41 (42) Bolivia 5 100 0.03 99.96 0.00
42 (41) Egypt 5 000 0.03 99.99 0.00
43 (**) Poland 1 110 0.01 99.99 0.00
44 (44) New Zealand 500 0.00 100.00 0.00
45 (43) Chile 463 0.00 100.00 0.00
46 (45) Cuba 269 0.00 100.00 0.00
47 (46) Slovenia 86 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 19 276 083 100.00 HHI 1 291

Boron Minerals

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Türkiye 1 920 000 40.07 40.07 1 605.37

2 ( 2) United States 1 200 000 25.04 65.11 627.10
3 ( 3) Chile 450 239 9.40 74.50 88.28
4 ( 4) China 360 300 7.52 82.02 56.53
5 ( 5) Bolivia 327 253 6.83 88.85 46.64
6 ( 6) Peru 259 424 5.41 94.27 29.31
7 ( 7) Argentina 170 000 3.55 97.81 12.59
8 ( 8) Russia 91 500 1.91 99.72 3.65
9 (10) Iran 13 250 0.28 100.00 0.08

Total 4 791 966 100.00 HHI 2 470

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 177

Diamonds (Gem)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
ct

1 ( 1) Russia 22 390 050 30.95 30.95 958.07

2 ( 2) Botswana 18 319 200 25.33 56.28 641.36
3 ( 3) Canada 15 674 351 21.67 77.95 469.53
4 ( 4) Angola 8 615 980 11.91 89.86 141.87
5 ( 5) South Africa 2 437 800 3.37 93.23 11.36
6 ( 6) Namibia 2 266 020 3.13 96.36 9.81
7 ( 8) Zimbabwe 764 730 1.06 97.42 1.12
8 ( 9) Lesotho 471 745 0.65 98.07 0.43
9 ( 7) Congo, D.R. 424 880 0.59 98.66 0.35
10 (10) Sierra Leone 408 270 0.56 99.22 0.32
11 (15) Ghana 152 070 0.21 99.43 0.04
12 (11) Tanzania 108 760 0.15 99.58 0.02
13 (12) Guinea 90 040 0.12 99.71 0.02
14 (13) Central African Republic 85 060 0.12 99.82 0.01
15 (14) Guyana 72 301 0.10 99.92 0.01
16 (17) Liberia 27 290 0.04 99.96 0.00
17 (16) Brazil 25 310 0.03 100.00 0.00
18 (18) Cote d'Ivoire 2 368 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 72 336 225 100.00 HHI 2 234

Diamonds (Ind)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
ct

1 ( 1) Russia 14 926 700 38.29 38.29 1 466.23

2 ( 2) Congo, D.R. 7 880 920 20.22 58.51 408.72
3 ( 3) Botswana 6 775 600 17.38 75.89 302.11
4 ( 5) Zimbabwe 4 333 480 11.12 87.01 123.58
5 ( 4) South Africa 3 466 200 8.89 95.90 79.06
6 ( 6) Angola 1 138 330 2.92 98.82 8.53
7 ( 7) Sierra Leone 121 950 0.31 99.13 0.10
8 ( 8) Namibia 119 265 0.31 99.44 0.09
9 ( 9) Brazil 51 390 0.13 99.57 0.02
10 (14) Ghana 50 690 0.13 99.70 0.02
11 (11) Guinea 30 000 0.08 99.78 0.01
12 (12) Liberia 29 560 0.08 99.85 0.01
13 (13) Central African Republic 26 860 0.07 99.92 0.00
14 (10) Tanzania 23 875 0.06 99.98 0.00
15 (15) Congo, Rep. 4 074 0.01 99.99 0.00
16 (16) Cameroon 2 950 0.01 100.00 0.00
17 (17) India 55 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 38 981 899 100.00 HHI 2 388

178 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Diatomite

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) United States 849 000 34.57 34.57 1 194.85

2 ( 2) China 370 000 15.06 49.63 226.93
3 ( 5) Russia 200 000 8.14 57.77 66.31
4 ( 4) Argentina 157 680 6.42 64.19 41.21
5 ( 3) Türkiye 154 444 6.29 70.48 39.54
6 (13) Korea, South 120 941 4.92 75.41 24.25
7 ( 7) Mexico 102 906 4.19 79.60 17.55
8 ( 6) Denmark 101 900 4.15 83.74 17.21
9 ( 8) Peru 98 872 4.03 87.77 16.20
10 ( 9) Spain 73 997 3.01 90.78 9.08
11 (12) France 50 000 2.04 92.82 4.14
12 (11) Germany 44 439 1.81 94.63 3.27
13 (14) Czechia 38 000 1.55 96.17 2.39
14 (10) Mozambique 29 633 1.21 97.38 1.46
15 (16) Chile 17 319 0.71 98.09 0.50
16 (15) Brazil 16 546 0.67 98.76 0.45
17 (17) Costa Rica 15 000 0.61 99.37 0.37
18 (18) Ethiopia 5 000 0.20 99.57 0.04
19 (**) Thailand 3 000 0.12 99.70 0.01
20 (20) Algeria 3 000 0.12 99.82 0.01
21 (**) Iran 1 800 0.07 99.89 0.01
22 (22) Poland 1 620 0.07 99.96 0.00
23 (21) Kenya 770 0.03 99.99 0.00
24 (19) Australia 262 0.01 100.00 0.00

Total 2 456 129 100.00 HHI 1 666

Feldspar

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Türkiye 9 478 458 27.69 27.69 766.97

2 ( 2) India 6 000 000 17.53 45.22 307.33
3 ( 3) Iran 3 860 951 11.28 56.51 127.26
4 ( 4) China 2 500 000 7.30 63.81 53.36
5 ( 5) Italy 2 200 000 6.43 70.24 41.32
6 ( 6) Thailand 1 884 301 5.51 75.74 30.31
7 ( 7) Korea, South 990 546 2.89 78.64 8.38
8 (11) Morocco 773 761 2.26 80.90 5.11
9 (10) Saudi Arabia 650 000 1.90 82.80 3.61
10 ( 8) Brazil 621 075 1.81 84.61 3.29
11 ( 9) Spain 617 009 1.80 86.42 3.25
12 (13) France 450 000 1.31 87.73 1.73
13 (14) United States 450 000 1.31 89.05 1.73
14 (17) Indonesia 445 800 1.30 90.35 1.70
15 (16) Pakistan 415 000 1.21 91.56 1.47
16 (18) Russia 400 000 1.17 92.73 1.37
17 (15) Mexico 383 444 1.12 93.85 1.26
18 (12) Czechia 352 000 1.03 94.88 1.06
19 (19) Malaysia 220 000 0.64 95.52 0.41
20 (21) Egypt 200 000 0.58 96.10 0.34

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 179

 21 (20) Germany 180 994 0.53 96.63 0.28
22 (22) Algeria 170 000 0.50 97.13 0.25
23 (23) Portugal 159 047 0.46 97.60 0.22
24 (25) South Africa 142 820 0.42 98.01 0.17
25 (31) Nigeria 76 575 0.22 98.24 0.05
26 (24) Colombia 73 675 0.22 98.45 0.05
27 (26) Finland 55 211 0.16 98.61 0.03
28 (28) Sri Lanka 50 000 0.15 98.76 0.02
29 (29) Philippines 47 000 0.14 98.90 0.02
30 (41) Poland 46 930 0.14 99.03 0.02
31 (27) Norway 45 020 0.13 99.16 0.02
32 (30) Argentina 40 000 0.12 99.28 0.01
33 (33) Austria 35 000 0.10 99.38 0.01
34 (32) North Macedonia 34 591 0.10 99.49 0.01
35 (36) Venezuela 30 000 0.09 99.57 0.01
36 (34) Ukraine 30 000 0.09 99.66 0.01
37 (37) Sweden 25 000 0.07 99.73 0.01
38 (35) Guatemala 20 000 0.06 99.79 0.00
39 (40) Romania 20 000 0.06 99.85 0.00
40 (43) Cuba 17 300 0.05 99.90 0.00
41 (38) Peru 14 111 0.04 99.94 0.00
42 (42) Sudan 10 000 0.03 99.97 0.00
43 (39) Slovakia 6 300 0.02 99.99 0.00
44 (**) Dominican Republic 2 100 0.01 100.00 0.00
45 (46) Uruguay 800 0.00 100.00 0.00
46 (44) Uganda 555 0.00 100.00 0.00
47 (45) Australia 54 0.00 100.00 0.00
48 (**) Chile 28 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 34 225 456 100.00 HHI 1 362

Fluorspar

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 5 700 000 65.68 65.68 4 313.27

2 ( 2) Mexico 1 162 591 13.40 79.07 179.44
3 ( 4) Mongolia 492 500 5.67 84.75 32.20
4 ( 3) South Africa 452 000 5.21 89.95 27.12
5 (11) Thailand 187 566 2.16 92.11 4.67
6 ( 6) Spain 146 975 1.69 93.81 2.87
7 ( 5) Vietnam 146 007 1.68 95.49 2.83
8 ( 7) Morocco 101 369 1.17 96.66 1.36
9 ( 8) Russia 56 000 0.65 97.30 0.42
10 ( 9) Iran 39 321 0.45 97.76 0.21
11 (13) Afghanistan 37 256 0.43 98.19 0.18
12 (10) Germany 35 508 0.41 98.59 0.17
13 (16) Türkiye 32 407 0.37 98.97 0.14
14 (12) Brazil 28 365 0.33 99.30 0.11
15 (14) Nigeria 23 960 0.28 99.57 0.08
16 (19) Pakistan 9 200 0.11 99.68 0.01
17 (17) United Kingdom 8 000 0.09 99.77 0.01
18 (23) India 6 296 0.07 99.84 0.01
19 (20) Korea, North 6 000 0.07 99.91 0.00

180 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 20 (24) Laos 2 716 0.03 99.94 0.00
21 (18) Argentina 2 000 0.02 99.97 0.00
22 (21) Tajikistan 2 000 0.02 99.99 0.00
23 (22) Egypt 1 000 0.01 100.00 0.00

Total 8 679 037 100.00 HHI 4 565

Graphite

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 1 208 000 72.92 72.92 5 316.76

2 ( 4) India 128 947 7.78 80.70 60.58
3 ( 2) Mozambique 97 346 5.88 86.58 34.53
4 ( 3) Madagascar 60 720 3.67 90.24 13.43
5 ( 5) Brazil 56 053 3.38 93.62 11.45
6 ( 6) Türkiye 27 974 1.69 95.31 2.85
7 ( 8) Korea, North 20 000 1.21 96.52 1.46
8 ( 9) Russia 14 500 0.88 97.39 0.77
9 (12) Tanzania 13 475 0.81 98.21 0.66
10 ( 7) Korea, South 9 615 0.58 98.79 0.34
11 (11) Norway 6 483 0.39 99.18 0.15
12 (10) Canada 4 261 0.26 99.44 0.07
13 (13) Mexico 3 124 0.19 99.63 0.04
14 (14) Sri Lanka 2 998 0.18 99.81 0.03
15 (15) Ukraine 1 666 0.10 99.91 0.01
16 (16) Vietnam 1 100 0.07 99.97 0.00
17 (17) Austria 300 0.02 99.99 0.00
18 (18) Germany 136 0.01 100.00 0.00

Total 1 656 698 100.00 HHI 5 443

Gypsum and Anhydrite

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 59 360 800 27.64 27.64 763.92

2 ( 2) United States 21 500 000 10.01 37.65 100.21
3 ( 3) Iran 18 895 228 8.80 46.45 77.40
4 ( 4) Spain 14 462 507 6.73 53.18 45.35
5 ( 6) Oman 13 253 100 6.17 59.35 38.08
6 ( 5) Türkiye 10 336 796 4.81 64.17 23.16
7 ( 8) Mexico 9 786 105 4.56 68.72 20.76
8 ( 7) Thailand 8 736 085 4.07 72.79 16.55
9 (10) Brazil 5 754 563 2.68 75.47 7.18
10 (11) Australia 4 917 390 2.29 77.76 5.24
11 (12) Russia 4 800 000 2.23 79.99 4.99
12 ( 9) Germany 4 730 000 2.20 82.20 4.85
13 (13) India 4 000 000 1.86 84.06 3.47
14 (14) Saudi Arabia 3 800 000 1.77 85.83 3.13
15 (15) Canada 3 479 599 1.62 87.45 2.62
16 (16) Algeria 2 500 000 1.16 88.61 1.35
17 (18) United Kingdom 2 400 000 1.12 89.73 1.25

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 181

 18 (17) France 1 808 560 0.84 90.57 0.71
19 (19) Pakistan 1 639 730 0.76 91.33 0.58
20 (20) Laos 1 252 577 0.58 91.92 0.34
21 (26) Bhutan 1 100 000 0.51 92.43 0.26
22 (21) Iraq 1 100 000 0.51 92.94 0.26
23 (24) Tunisia 900 000 0.42 93.36 0.18
24 (22) Poland 892 000 0.42 93.78 0.17
25 (25) Romania 841 964 0.39 94.17 0.15
26 (23) Chile 832 770 0.39 94.56 0.15
27 (28) Egypt 800 000 0.37 94.93 0.14
28 (31) Greece 746 656 0.35 95.28 0.12
29 (26) Austria 702 581 0.33 95.60 0.11
30 (30) Cyprus 690 909 0.32 95.93 0.10
31 (38) Azerbaijan 599 141 0.28 96.20 0.08
32 (32) Tanzania 549 836 0.26 96.46 0.07
33 (27) Italy 418 061 0.19 96.66 0.04
34 (37) Jordan 400 000 0.19 96.84 0.03
35 (34) Colombia 389 107 0.18 97.02 0.03
36 (29) Argentina 376 680 0.18 97.20 0.03
37 (61) Myanmar 360 000 0.17 97.37 0.03
38 (**) Latvia 348 070 0.16 97.53 0.03
39 (40) Peru 338 598 0.16 97.69 0.02
40 (35) Dominican Republic 332 700 0.15 97.84 0.02
41 (39) Switzerland 330 000 0.15 97.99 0.02
42 (41) Libya 300 000 0.14 98.13 0.02
43 (42) Croatia 288 960 0.13 98.27 0.02
44 (50) North Macedonia 274 403 0.13 98.40 0.02
45 (44) Angola 270 000 0.13 98.52 0.02
46 (47) Syria 250 000 0.12 98.64 0.01
47 (48) Guatemala 240 109 0.11 98.75 0.01
48 (45) South Africa 226 749 0.11 98.86 0.01
49 (77) Afghanistan 192 137 0.09 98.94 0.01
50 (43) Moldova 180 800 0.08 99.03 0.01
51 (53) Sudan 150 000 0.07 99.10 0.00
52 (46) Kazakhstan 149 600 0.07 99.17 0.00
53 (55) Kyrgyzstan 120 000 0.06 99.22 0.00
54 (57) Mauritania 120 000 0.06 99.28 0.00
55 (56) Morocco 116 471 0.05 99.33 0.00
56 (58) Mongolia 112 000 0.05 99.39 0.00
57 (59) Ethiopia 110 000 0.05 99.44 0.00
58 (60) Ireland 110 000 0.05 99.49 0.00
59 (54) Bosnia-Herzegovina 104 125 0.05 99.54 0.00
60 (49) Portugal 101 322 0.05 99.58 0.00
61 (33) Ukraine 100 000 0.05 99.63 0.00
62 (64) Albania 95 262 0.04 99.68 0.00
63 (52) Bolivia 89 000 0.04 99.72 0.00
64 (69) Israel 88 124 0.04 99.76 0.00
65 (66) Honduras 75 000 0.03 99.79 0.00
66 (63) Jamaica 70 500 0.03 99.83 0.00
67 (68) Slovakia 60 000 0.03 99.85 0.00
68 (73) Georgia 57 600 0.03 99.88 0.00
69 (70) Nicaragua 53 110 0.02 99.91 0.00
70 (51) Nigeria 45 235 0.02 99.93 0.00
71 (71) Cuba 37 400 0.02 99.94 0.00
72 (65) Bulgaria 30 400 0.01 99.96 0.00
73 (72) Eritrea 26 000 0.01 99.97 0.00
74 (74) Yemen 20 000 0.01 99.98 0.00
75 (76) Tajikistan 15 500 0.01 99.99 0.00

182 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 76 (75) Czechia 11 000 0.01 99.99 0.00
77 (67) Armenia 7 580 0.00 100.00 0.00
78 (78) Kenya 6 000 0.00 100.00 0.00
79 (79) Paraguay 4 500 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 214 771 000 100.00 HHI 1 123

Kaolin

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) India 8 400 000 18.52 18.52 343.10

2 ( 2) China 8 292 000 18.28 36.81 334.33
3 ( 6) Russia 5 100 000 11.25 48.05 126.47
4 ( 4) United States 4 560 000 10.06 58.11 101.11
5 ( 3) Germany 3 523 000 7.77 65.88 60.35
6 ( 7) Iran 3 026 428 6.67 72.55 44.54
7 ( 5) Czechia 2 402 000 5.30 77.85 28.05
8 (10) Indonesia 1 609 600 3.55 81.40 12.60
9 ( 8) Türkiye 1 348 023 2.97 84.37 8.84
10 ( 9) Brazil 828 394 1.83 86.20 3.34
11 (11) United Kingdom 771 994 1.70 87.90 2.90
12 (13) Uzbekistan 580 000 1.28 89.18 1.64
13 (12) Ukraine 550 000 1.21 90.39 1.47
14 (15) Portugal 427 187 0.94 91.33 0.89
15 (20) Spain 403 105 0.89 92.22 0.79
16 (14) Korea, South 332 179 0.73 92.95 0.54
17 (21) Malaysia 290 366 0.64 93.59 0.41
18 (19) Saudi Arabia 280 000 0.62 94.21 0.38
19 (16) Poland 276 120 0.61 94.82 0.37
20 (18) Serbia 275 000 0.61 95.43 0.37
21 (17) France 268 828 0.59 96.02 0.35
22 (23) Egypt 230 000 0.51 96.53 0.26
23 (22) Bulgaria 210 000 0.46 96.99 0.21
24 (25) Italy 177 221 0.39 97.38 0.15
25 (28) Thailand 169 644 0.37 97.76 0.14
26 (24) Mexico 159 570 0.35 98.11 0.12
27 (34) Colombia 143 533 0.32 98.42 0.10
28 (27) Algeria 120 000 0.26 98.69 0.07
29 (26) Australia 115 890 0.26 98.94 0.07
30 (32) Tanzania 75 247 0.17 99.11 0.03
31 (33) Chile 51 300 0.11 99.22 0.01
32 (31) Vietnam 50 000 0.11 99.33 0.01
33 (30) New Zealand 50 000 0.11 99.44 0.01
34 (35) Sri Lanka 30 000 0.07 99.51 0.00
35 (29) Nigeria 29 843 0.07 99.58 0.00
36 (36) Argentina 22 786 0.05 99.63 0.00
37 (40) Philippines 21 780 0.05 99.67 0.00
38 (38) Bosnia-Herzegovina 21 541 0.05 99.72 0.00
39 (39) Sudan 20 000 0.04 99.77 0.00
40 (41) Pakistan 14 130 0.03 99.80 0.00
41 (43) Austria 13 500 0.03 99.83 0.00
42 (37) Slovakia 12 250 0.03 99.85 0.00
43 (44) Japan 12 000 0.03 99.88 0.00
44 (42) Peru 11 876 0.03 99.91 0.00
45 (45) Jordan 11 000 0.02 99.93 0.00
46 (53) Uganda 8 809 0.02 99.95 0.00
47 (46) South Africa 8 690 0.02 99.97 0.00

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 183

 48 (47) Paraguay 6 000 0.01 99.98 0.00
49 (48) Kyrgyzstan 5 000 0.01 99.99 0.00
50 (51) Cuba 1 465 0.00 100.00 0.00
51 (50) Ethiopia 1 000 0.00 100.00 0.00
52 (49) Kenya 500 0.00 100.00 0.00
53 (52) Guatemala 300 0.00 100.00 0.00
54 (**) Taiwan 45 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 45 349 144 100.00 HHI 1 074

Magnesite

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 15 000 000 65.91 65.91 4 344.64

2 ( 3) Brazil 1 413 000 6.21 72.12 38.55
3 ( 2) Türkiye 1 333 728 5.86 77.98 34.35
4 ( 4) Russia 1 058 400 4.65 82.63 21.63
5 ( 5) Austria 669 400 2.94 85.58 8.65
6 ( 6) Spain 667 248 2.93 88.51 8.60
7 (10) United States 523 540 2.30 90.81 5.29
8 ( 8) Australia 432 319 1.90 92.71 3.61
9 ( 7) Slovakia 432 200 1.90 94.61 3.61
10 (11) Finland 298 025 1.31 95.92 1.72
11 (12) Canada 230 000 1.01 96.93 1.02
12 (13) Iran 218 152 0.96 97.89 0.92
13 ( 9) Greece 135 363 0.59 98.48 0.35
14 (15) India 123 207 0.54 99.02 0.29
15 (14) Saudi Arabia 90 000 0.40 99.42 0.16
16 (16) Korea, North 80 000 0.35 99.77 0.12
17 (17) Poland 28 630 0.13 99.90 0.02
18 (18) Guatemala 10 000 0.04 99.94 0.00
19 (19) South Africa 6 000 0.03 99.97 0.00
20 (20) Pakistan 4 954 0.02 99.99 0.00
21 (21) Colombia 2 540 0.01 100.00 0.00
22 (22) Cuba 260 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 22 756 966 100.00 HHI 4 474

Perlite

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Türkiye 1 174 125 38.32 38.32 1 468.12

2 ( 2) Greece 842 376 27.49 65.81 755.69
3 ( 3) United States 654 000 21.34 87.15 455.50
4 ( 4) Hungary 80 000 2.61 89.76 6.82
5 (11) Iran 69 670 2.27 92.03 5.17
6 ( 7) Russia 65 000 2.12 94.15 4.50
7 ( 6) Georgia 64 000 2.09 96.24 4.36
8 ( 8) Slovakia 39 270 1.28 97.52 1.64
9 ( 9) Argentina 32 000 1.04 98.57 1.09
10 (10) Philippines 18 384 0.60 99.17 0.36

184 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 11 ( 5) Armenia 12 325 0.40 99.57 0.16
12 (12) Bulgaria 5 000 0.16 99.73 0.03
13 (13) Australia 2 669 0.09 99.82 0.01
14 (14) Thailand 2 500 0.08 99.90 0.01
15 (**) Chile 1 997 0.07 99.97 0.00
16 (15) South Africa 1 000 0.03 100.00 0.00

Total 3 064 316 100.00 HHI 2 703

Phosphate Rock (P2O5-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 31 592 700 44.25 44.25 1 957.93

2 ( 2) Morocco 9 158 800 12.83 57.08 164.55
3 ( 3) Russia 5 632 300 7.89 64.96 62.23
4 ( 4) United States 5 508 000 7.71 72.68 59.51
5 ( 5) Jordan 3 665 250 5.13 77.81 26.35
6 ( 6) Saudi Arabia 3 250 000 4.55 82.36 20.72
7 ( 7) Brazil 1 776 800 2.49 84.85 6.19
8 ( 8) Peru 1 430 400 2.00 86.86 4.01
9 ( 9) Egypt 1 100 000 1.54 88.40 2.37
10 (11) Senegal 940 110 1.32 89.71 1.73
11 (13) Vietnam 895 020 1.25 90.97 1.57
12 (10) Tunisia 844 200 1.18 92.15 1.40
13 (14) Israel 738 900 1.03 93.18 1.07
14 (15) Algeria 632 000 0.89 94.07 0.78
15 (12) South Africa 628 000 0.88 94.95 0.77
16 (16) Togo 561 470 0.79 95.74 0.62
17 (19) Australia 520 390 0.73 96.46 0.53
18 (17) Kazakhstan 511 120 0.72 97.18 0.51
19 (18) India 383 400 0.54 97.72 0.29
20 (21) Türkiye 381 400 0.53 98.25 0.29
21 (20) Finland 330 710 0.46 98.72 0.21
22 (22) Syria 250 000 0.35 99.07 0.12
23 (23) Uzbekistan 186 500 0.26 99.33 0.07
24 (27) Christmas Island 141 900 0.20 99.53 0.04
25 (24) Mexico 125 700 0.18 99.70 0.03
26 (26) Iran 80 790 0.11 99.81 0.01
27 (25) Nauru 54 400 0.08 99.89 0.01
28 (28) Pakistan 27 000 0.04 99.93 0.00
29 (30) Sri Lanka 16 330 0.02 99.95 0.00
30 (29) Colombia 11 760 0.02 99.97 0.00
31 (31) Venezuela 10 000 0.01 99.98 0.00
32 (33) Tanzania 6 980 0.01 99.99 0.00
33 (34) Chile 2 740 0.00 100.00 0.00
34 (32) Zimbabwe 2 700 0.00 100.00 0.00
35 (**) Philippines 570 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 71 398 340 100.00 HHI 2 314

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 185

Potash (K2O-Content)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Canada 14 043 046 31.17 31.17 971.78

2 ( 3) Russia 7 864 000 17.46 48.63 304.74
3 ( 4) Belarus 6 380 000 14.16 62.79 200.58
4 ( 2) China 5 470 400 12.14 74.94 147.46
5 ( 5) Germany 2 536 308 5.63 80.57 31.70
6 ( 6) Israel 2 341 050 5.20 85.76 27.01
7 ( 8) Laos 2 050 800 4.55 90.32 20.72
8 ( 7) Jordan 1 695 800 3.76 94.08 14.17
9 ( 9) Chile 743 930 1.65 95.73 2.73
10 (11) Spain 420 000 0.93 96.66 0.87
11 (10) United States 390 000 0.87 97.53 0.75
12 (12) Brazil 363 275 0.81 98.34 0.65
13 (17) Turkmenistan 260 700 0.58 98.91 0.33
14 (13) Uzbekistan 238 500 0.53 99.44 0.28
15 (14) United Kingdom 141 260 0.31 99.76 0.10
16 (15) Bolivia 53 700 0.12 99.88 0.01
17 (16) Iran 50 000 0.11 99.99 0.01
18 (18) Australia 5 503 0.01 100.00 0.00

Total 45 048 272 100.00 HHI 1 724

Salt

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 52 685 800 19.59 19.59 383.65

2 ( 2) United States 42 000 000 15.61 35.20 243.81
3 ( 3) India 34 000 000 12.64 47.84 159.78
4 ( 5) Germany 13 486 651 5.01 52.86 25.14
5 ( 6) Australia 12 176 705 4.53 57.38 20.49
6 ( 4) Canada 11 720 185 4.36 61.74 18.99
7 ( 7) Chile 10 721 181 3.99 65.73 15.89
8 ( 8) Türkiye 8 587 332 3.19 68.92 10.19
9 (10) Mexico 7 686 773 2.86 71.78 8.17
10 ( 9) Russia 7 658 000 2.85 74.62 8.11
11 (11) Brazil 7 000 000 2.60 77.23 6.77
12 (12) Netherlands 4 883 185 1.82 79.04 3.30
13 (13) France 4 373 125 1.63 80.67 2.64
14 (16) Iran 4 177 958 1.55 82.22 2.41
15 (15) Poland 3 275 000 1.22 83.44 1.48
16 (14) Spain 3 269 197 1.22 84.65 1.48
17 (18) Pakistan 3 107 500 1.16 85.81 1.33
18 (19) United Kingdom 2 715 118 1.01 86.82 1.02
19 (17) Bulgaria 2 700 000 1.00 87.82 1.01
20 (20) Saudi Arabia 2 400 000 0.89 88.71 0.80
21 (21) Belarus 2 300 000 0.86 89.57 0.73
22 (23) Bangladesh 2 232 000 0.83 90.40 0.69
23 (34) Indonesia 2 214 766 0.82 91.22 0.68
24 (22) Tunisia 1 900 000 0.71 91.93 0.50
25 (25) Kazakhstan 1 859 206 0.69 92.62 0.48
26 (24) Thailand 1 392 649 0.52 93.14 0.27

186 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 27 (26) Romania 1 244 111 0.46 93.60 0.21
28 (28) Bosnia-Herzegovina 1 165 909 0.43 94.03 0.19
29 (30) Namibia 1 154 116 0.43 94.46 0.18
30 (31) Austria 1 146 551 0.43 94.89 0.18
31 (36) Argentina 1 080 650 0.40 95.29 0.16
32 (27) Italy 1 044 156 0.39 95.68 0.15
33 (29) Peru 1 008 624 0.37 96.05 0.14
34 (32) Japan 792 000 0.29 96.35 0.09
35 (35) Bahamas 712 420 0.26 96.61 0.07
36 (43) Venezuela 650 700 0.24 96.85 0.06
37 (39) Vietnam 648 700 0.24 97.10 0.06
38 (38) South Africa 615 889 0.23 97.32 0.05
39 (37) Denmark 600 000 0.22 97.55 0.05
40 (33) Morocco 559 149 0.21 97.76 0.04
41 (44) Botswana 387 956 0.14 97.90 0.02
42 (42) Colombia 374 873 0.14 98.04 0.02
43 (41) Switzerland 373 183 0.14 98.18 0.02
44 (46) Eritrea 320 000 0.12 98.30 0.01
45 (45) Senegal 272 615 0.10 98.40 0.01
46 (48) Israel 264 691 0.10 98.50 0.01
47 (52) Angola 252 000 0.09 98.59 0.01
48 (50) Ethiopia 250 000 0.09 98.68 0.01
49 (49) Korea, South 242 050 0.09 98.77 0.01
50 (51) Greece 220 000 0.08 98.86 0.01
51 (70) Iraq 200 000 0.07 98.93 0.01
52 (56) Egypt 200 000 0.07 99.00 0.01
53 (57) Myanmar 200 000 0.07 99.08 0.01
54 (55) Tanzania 159 020 0.06 99.14 0.00
55 (47) Ghana 150 000 0.06 99.19 0.00
56 (53) Sudan 140 000 0.05 99.25 0.00
57 (58) Portugal 139 190 0.05 99.30 0.00
58 (62) Algeria 112 700 0.04 99.34 0.00
59 (60) Syria 112 000 0.04 99.38 0.00
60 (66) Taiwan 111 662 0.04 99.42 0.00
61 (59) Madagascar 100 000 0.04 99.46 0.00
62 (64) Korea, North 100 000 0.04 99.50 0.00
63 (71) Philippines 100 000 0.04 99.53 0.00
64 (65) Turkmenistan 98 000 0.04 99.57 0.00
65 (54) Cuba 87 900 0.03 99.60 0.00
66 (78) Cambodia 81 154 0.03 99.63 0.00
67 (75) Afghanistan 79 316 0.03 99.66 0.00
68 (67) Azerbaijan 73 267 0.03 99.69 0.00
69 (**) New Zealand 70 000 0.03 99.72 0.00
70 (68) Honduras 65 000 0.02 99.74 0.00
71 (61) Sri Lanka 60 000 0.02 99.76 0.00
72 (69) Kuwait 60 000 0.02 99.78 0.00
73 (83) Kenya 55 091 0.02 99.80 0.00
74 (63) Croatia 52 270 0.02 99.82 0.00
75 (72) Nicaragua 50 000 0.02 99.84 0.00
76 (77) Libya 50 000 0.02 99.86 0.00
77 (74) Yemen 50 000 0.02 99.88 0.00
78 (73) Armenia 44 285 0.02 99.90 0.00
79 (79) Tajikistan 44 171 0.02 99.91 0.00
80 (76) Jordan 40 000 0.01 99.93 0.00
81 (84) Panama 30 004 0.01 99.94 0.00
82 (81) El Salvador 30 000 0.01 99.95 0.00
83 (82) Dominican Republic 29 250 0.01 99.96 0.00
84 (85) Bolivia 21 900 0.01 99.97 0.00
85 (80) Albania 20 000 0.01 99.98 0.00
86 (89) Kyrgyzstan 11 000 0.00 99.98 0.00
87 (86) Mozambique 10 406 0.00 99.98 0.00
88 (90) Jamaica 10 000 0.00 99.99 0.00

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 187

 89 (88) Oman 7 300 0.00 99.99 0.00
90 (91) Serbia 5 311 0.00 99.99 0.00
91 (92) Iceland 5 000 0.00 99.99 0.00
92 (100) Laos 3 538 0.00 100.00 0.00
93 (93) Lebanon 3 000 0.00 100.00 0.00
94 (94) Cape Verde 2 600 0.00 100.00 0.00
95 (96) Malta 2 000 0.00 100.00 0.00
96 (97) Mongolia 1 780 0.00 100.00 0.00
97 (95) Slovenia 738 0.00 100.00 0.00
98 (99) Benin 500 0.00 100.00 0.00
99 (98) Mauritius 249 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 268 982 276 100.00 HHI 922

Sulfur

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 18 500 000 22.36 22.36 499.87

2 ( 2) United States 8 650 000 10.45 32.81 109.28
3 ( 3) Saudi Arabia 7 000 000 8.46 41.27 71.57
4 ( 5) United Arab Emirates 6 300 000 7.61 48.88 57.97
5 ( 4) Russia 5 960 000 7.20 56.09 51.88
6 ( 6) Canada 4 981 400 6.02 62.11 36.24
7 ( 7) Kazakhstan 4 742 700 5.73 67.84 32.85
8 ( 8) India 3 881 000 4.69 72.53 22.00
9 (10) Qatar 3 050 000 3.69 76.22 13.59
10 ( 9) Japan 3 017 400 3.65 79.86 13.30
11 (12) Korea, South 2 000 000 2.42 82.28 5.84
12 (13) Chile 1 594 200 1.93 84.21 3.71
13 (14) Kuwait 1 138 900 1.38 85.58 1.89
14 (15) Poland 946 350 1.14 86.73 1.31
15 (16) Australia 900 000 1.09 87.81 1.18
16 (11) Iran 864 275 1.04 88.86 1.09
17 (19) Spain 737 700 0.89 89.75 0.79
18 (18) Finland 693 600 0.84 90.59 0.70
19 (21) Peru 603 600 0.73 91.32 0.53
20 (20) Zambia 576 200 0.70 92.01 0.48
21 (22) Uzbekistan 517 000 0.62 92.64 0.39
22 (25) Indonesia 500 000 0.60 93.24 0.37
23 (23) Brazil 490 000 0.59 93.84 0.35
24 (24) Bulgaria 431 700 0.52 94.36 0.27
25 (30) Turkmenistan 400 000 0.48 94.84 0.23
26 (26) France 400 000 0.48 95.32 0.23
27 (27) Sweden 385 000 0.47 95.79 0.22
28 (17) Italy 303 600 0.37 96.16 0.13
29 (29) Jordan 300 840 0.36 96.52 0.13
30 (31) Venezuela 300 000 0.36 96.88 0.13
31 (28) Germany 276 876 0.33 97.22 0.11
32 (33) Cuba 260 000 0.31 97.53 0.10
33 (34) Greece 230 000 0.28 97.81 0.08
34 (32) Mexico 216 900 0.26 98.07 0.07
35 (35) Iraq 180 000 0.22 98.29 0.05
36 (40) Türkiye 140 800 0.17 98.46 0.03
37 (39) Libya 138 200 0.17 98.63 0.03
38 (41) Bahrain 133 100 0.16 98.79 0.03
39 (36) Taiwan 122 238 0.15 98.93 0.02
40 (37) Namibia 120 250 0.15 99.08 0.02

188 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 41 (42) United Kingdom 120 000 0.15 99.22 0.02
42 (38) Ukraine 100 000 0.12 99.35 0.01
43 (43) Philippines 100 000 0.12 99.47 0.01
44 (45) Norway 82 000 0.10 99.57 0.01
45 (44) Oman 80 060 0.10 99.66 0.01
46 (46) Egypt 80 000 0.10 99.76 0.01
47 (47) South Africa 63 695 0.08 99.84 0.01
48 (48) Lithuania 54 538 0.07 99.90 0.00
49 (49) Colombia 32 000 0.04 99.94 0.00
50 (51) Armenia 14 400 0.02 99.96 0.00
51 (50) Pakistan 11 692 0.01 99.97 0.00
52 (52) Korea, North 10 000 0.01 99.98 0.00
53 (53) Algeria 6 000 0.01 99.99 0.00
54 (54) Austria 4 400 0.01 100.00 0.00
55 (55) Denmark 2 700 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 82 745 314 100.00 HHI 929

Talc

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) India 1 450 000 20.30 20.30 412.09

2 ( 2) China 1 400 000 19.60 39.90 384.16
3 ( 3) Brazil 600 000 8.40 48.30 70.56
4 ( 4) United States 508 000 7.11 55.41 50.58
5 ( 7) France 350 000 4.90 60.31 24.01
6 ( 5) South Africa 319 775 4.48 64.79 20.04
7 ( 8) Korea, South 306 929 4.30 69.09 18.46
8 (21) Türkiye 232 927 3.26 72.35 10.63
9 ( 6) Afghanistan 215 252 3.01 75.36 9.08
10 (11) Canada 200 000 2.80 78.16 7.84
11 (10) Finland 197 116 2.76 80.92 7.62
12 (13) Saudi Arabia 180 000 2.52 83.44 6.35
13 ( 9) Pakistan 164 200 2.30 85.74 5.28
14 (12) Italy 164 000 2.30 88.03 5.27
15 (15) Japan 140 000 1.96 89.99 3.84
16 (14) Austria 138 621 1.94 91.93 3.77
17 (19) Iran 132 673 1.86 93.79 3.45
18 (17) Australia 129 000 1.81 95.60 3.26
19 (16) Slovakia 100 000 1.40 97.00 1.96
20 (29) Nigeria 64 400 0.90 97.90 0.81
21 (20) Peru 53 894 0.75 98.65 0.57
22 (23) Thailand 32 484 0.45 99.11 0.21
23 (22) Mexico 20 534 0.29 99.40 0.08
24 (24) Egypt 20 000 0.28 99.68 0.08
25 (27) Portugal 5 673 0.08 99.76 0.01
26 (26) Sudan 4 500 0.06 99.82 0.00
27 (31) Nepal 4 123 0.06 99.88 0.00
28 (30) Argentina 2 242 0.03 99.91 0.00
29 (28) United Kingdom 2 000 0.03 99.94 0.00
30 (25) Colombia 1 690 0.02 99.96 0.00
31 (32) Guatemala 1 370 0.02 99.98 0.00
32 (**) Kenya 949 0.01 99.99 0.00
33 (34) Bhutan 400 0.01 100.00 0.00
34 (33) Uruguay 145 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 7 142 897 100.00 HHI 1 050

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 189

Vermiculite

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) South Africa 169 797 36.29 36.29 1 317.08

2 ( 2) United States 100 000 21.37 57.67 456.83
3 ( 3) Brazil 52 638 11.25 68.92 126.58
4 ( 5) Russia 35 607 7.61 76.53 57.92
5 ( 4) China 35 000 7.48 84.01 55.96
6 ( 6) Zimbabwe 28 277 6.04 90.05 36.53
7 ( 7) Uganda 23 837 5.09 95.15 25.96
8 ( 8) Türkiye 10 500 2.24 97.39 5.04
9 ( 9) Bulgaria 10 000 2.14 99.53 4.57
10 (10) India 1 537 0.33 99.86 0.11
11 (11) Kenya 600 0.13 99.98 0.02
12 (**) Mexico 76 0.02 100.00 0.00

Total 467 869 100.00 HHI 2 087

Zircon

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Australia 462 000 34.88 34.88 1 216.88

2 ( 2) South Africa 289 479 21.86 56.74 477.75
3 ( 4) Mozambique 143 505 10.84 67.58 117.41
4 ( 3) China 100 000 7.55 75.13 57.01
5 ( 5) Indonesia 95 300 7.20 82.32 51.78
6 ( 6) Senegal 73 325 5.54 87.86 30.65
7 ( 8) Madagascar 34 376 2.60 90.46 6.74
8 ( 7) Sierra Leone 27 776 2.10 92.55 4.40
9 ( 9) Kenya 21 153 1.60 94.15 2.55
10 (10) United States 20 000 1.51 95.66 2.28
11 (11) Vietnam 16 750 1.26 96.92 1.60
12 (12) India 15 000 1.13 98.06 1.28
13 (14) Brazil 8 397 0.63 98.69 0.40
14 (15) Russia 6 000 0.45 99.14 0.21
15 (13) Ukraine 5 000 0.38 99.52 0.14
16 (16) Nigeria 4 980 0.38 99.90 0.14
17 (17) Malaysia 800 0.06 99.96 0.00
18 (18) Sri Lanka 556 0.04 100.00 0.00

Total 1 324 397 100.00 HHI 1 971

190 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

6.5.5 Mineral Fuels

Steam Coal

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 3 821 084 000 54.44 54.44 2 963.48

2 ( 2) India 931 005 000 13.26 67.70 175.93
3 ( 3) Indonesia 769 103 900 10.96 78.66 120.06
4 ( 4) United States 426 601 300 6.08 84.74 36.94
5 ( 5) Australia 233 043 000 3.32 88.06 11.02
6 ( 6) Russia 232 000 000 3.31 91.36 10.92
7 ( 7) South Africa 228 731 000 3.26 94.62 10.62
8 ( 8) Kazakhstan 104 621 500 1.49 96.11 2.22
9 ( 9) Colombia 59 627 100 0.85 96.96 0.72
10 (10) Vietnam 47 258 700 0.67 97.63 0.45
11 (11) Poland 36 428 460 0.52 98.15 0.27
12 (13) Korea, North 17 100 000 0.24 98.40 0.06
13 (14) Philippines 16 560 000 0.24 98.63 0.06
14 (16) Pakistan 15 069 760 0.21 98.85 0.05
15 (18) Mongolia 13 440 980 0.19 99.04 0.04
16 (12) Ukraine 13 330 000 0.19 99.23 0.04
17 (15) Canada 9 249 320 0.13 99.36 0.02
18 (17) Mozambique 7 763 290 0.11 99.47 0.01
19 (21) Malaysia 4 052 344 0.06 99.53 0.00
20 (22) Zimbabwe 3 826 750 0.05 99.58 0.00
21 (30) Laos 3 644 064 0.05 99.63 0.00
22 (23) Tanzania 3 256 481 0.05 99.68 0.00
23 (20) Brazil 3 163 068 0.05 99.73 0.00
24 (24) Türkiye 2 448 755 0.03 99.76 0.00
25 (26) Tajikistan 2 084 200 0.03 99.79 0.00
26 (25) Botswana 2 064 373 0.03 99.82 0.00
27 (31) Myanmar 1 880 000 0.03 99.85 0.00
28 (28) Czechia 1 375 256 0.02 99.87 0.00
29 (35) Afghanistan 1 238 000 0.02 99.88 0.00
30 (29) New Zealand 1 213 841 0.02 99.90 0.00
31 (34) Kyrgyzstan 863 500 0.01 99.91 0.00
32 (36) Bangladesh 767 307 0.01 99.92 0.00
33 (32) Zambia 706 115 0.01 99.94 0.00
34 (33) Korea, South 645 949 0.01 99.94 0.00
35 (19) Mexico 531 904 0.01 99.95 0.00
36 (27) Nigeria 481 692 0.01 99.96 0.00
37 (41) Eswatini 393 328 0.01 99.96 0.00
38 (38) Iran 386 400 0.01 99.97 0.00
39 (39) Uzbekistan 352 000 0.01 99.97 0.00
40 (37) United Kingdom 345 860 0.00 99.98 0.00
41 (42) Peru 233 364 0.00 99.98 0.00
42 (40) Niger 193 632 0.00 99.99 0.00
43 (43) Albania 191 406 0.00 99.99 0.00
44 (45) Venezuela 150 000 0.00 99.99 0.00
45 (46) Georgia 148 029 0.00 99.99 0.00
46 (49) Chile 121 570 0.00 99.99 0.00
47 (47) Norway 119 745 0.00 100.00 0.00

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 191

 48 (44) Bhutan 113 950 0.00 100.00 0.00
49 (50) Argentina 85 000 0.00 100.00 0.00
50 (48) Malawi 64 251 0.00 100.00 0.00
51 (51) Nepal 2 805 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 7 019 162 249 100.00 HHI 3 333

Coking Coal

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) China 540 986 400 50.31 50.31 2 531.10

2 ( 2) Australia 166 738 000 15.51 65.82 240.44
3 ( 3) Russia 106 000 000 9.86 75.67 97.17
4 ( 4) India 66 821 000 6.21 81.89 38.62
5 ( 5) United States 59 982 200 5.58 87.47 31.12
6 ( 7) Mongolia 51 319 850 4.77 92.24 22.78
7 ( 6) Canada 30 897 530 2.87 95.11 8.26
8 ( 8) Poland 11 924 180 1.11 96.22 1.23
9 ( 9) Colombia 8 930 440 0.83 97.05 0.69
10 (11) Mozambique 7 212 589 0.67 97.72 0.45
11 (10) Kazakhstan 6 819 900 0.63 98.36 0.40
12 (12) Indonesia 6 078 000 0.57 98.92 0.32
13 (13) Ukraine 3 109 000 0.29 99.21 0.08
14 (14) South Africa 2 880 342 0.27 99.48 0.07
15 (15) Iran 1 155 650 0.11 99.59 0.01
16 (17) New Zealand 1 110 810 0.10 99.69 0.01
17 (18) Zimbabwe 1 071 990 0.10 99.79 0.01
18 (16) Mexico 1 000 000 0.09 99.88 0.01
19 (19) Czechia 637 091 0.06 99.94 0.00
20 (20) Türkiye 470 145 0.04 99.99 0.00
21 (21) United Kingdom 160 070 0.01 100.00 0.00

Total 1 075 305 187 100.00 HHI 2 973

Lignite

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Germany 102 127 890 16.12 16.12 259.99

2 ( 3) Russia 92 000 000 14.53 30.65 210.98
3 ( 2) Türkiye 75 613 340 11.94 42.59 142.52
4 ( 5) India 42 257 000 6.67 49.26 44.51
5 ( 4) Poland 40 100 590 6.33 55.59 40.08
6 ( 7) Australia 38 891 000 6.14 61.73 37.70
7 ( 6) United States 37 082 300 5.85 67.58 34.28
8 ( 9) Serbia 31 937 750 5.04 72.63 25.43
9 (10) Czechia 28 660 000 4.52 77.15 20.47
10 ( 8) Bulgaria 21 114 000 3.33 80.49 11.11
11 (12) Laos 15 255 113 2.41 82.89 5.80
12 (11) Romania 14 745 137 2.33 85.22 5.42
13 (14) Bosnia-Herzegovina 12 791 560 2.02 87.24 4.08
14 (15) Thailand 12 713 628 2.01 89.25 4.03

192 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

 15 (19) Mongolia 11 283 860 1.78 91.03 3.17
16 (13) Greece 10 611 290 1.68 92.71 2.81
17 (16) Kosovo 6 923 659 1.09 93.80 1.19
18 (17) Canada 6 658 000 1.05 94.85 1.10
19 (21) Uzbekistan 5 836 000 0.92 95.77 0.85
20 (18) Kazakhstan 4 982 500 0.79 96.56 0.62
21 (20) North Macedonia 4 091 133 0.65 97.20 0.42
22 (22) Hungary 4 072 289 0.64 97.85 0.41
23 (25) Brazil 3 322 196 0.52 98.37 0.28
24 (23) Kyrgyzstan 3 262 300 0.52 98.89 0.27
25 (24) Slovenia 3 030 494 0.48 99.36 0.23
26 (26) Montenegro 1 862 150 0.29 99.66 0.09
27 (28) Myanmar 1 120 000 0.18 99.84 0.03
28 (27) Slovakia 764 854 0.12 99.96 0.01
29 (29) New Zealand 275 433 0.04 100.00 0.00

Total 633 385 466 100.00 HHI 858

Natural Gas

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
Mio m3

1 ( 1) United States 1 070 480 25.74 25.74 662.43

2 ( 2) Russia 616 200 14.82 40.55 219.50
3 ( 3) Iran 266 250 6.40 46.95 40.98
4 ( 4) China 232 430 5.59 52.54 31.23
5 ( 5) Canada 191 252 4.60 57.14 21.14
6 ( 6) Qatar 171 974 4.13 61.28 17.10
7 ( 7) Australia 160 873 3.87 65.14 14.96
8 ( 9) Saudi Arabia 123 531 2.97 68.11 8.82
9 ( 8) Norway 117 322 2.82 70.94 7.96
10 (10) Algeria 105 482 2.54 73.47 6.43
11 (11) Turkmenistan 80 619 1.94 75.41 3.76
12 (12) Malaysia 72 140 1.73 77.14 3.01
13 (13) Indonesia 68 530 1.65 78.79 2.71
14 (14) Egypt 57 100 1.37 80.16 1.88
15 (15) United Arab Emirates 55 560 1.34 81.50 1.78
16 (16) Uzbekistan 46 710 1.12 82.62 1.26
17 (18) Argentina 44 640 1.07 83.70 1.15
18 (19) Oman 43 160 1.04 84.73 1.08
19 (17) Nigeria 42 930 1.03 85.77 1.07
20 (22) Azerbaijan 36 414 0.88 86.64 0.77
21 (23) India 35 081 0.84 87.49 0.71
22 (20) United Kingdom 34 043 0.82 88.30 0.67
23 (21) Pakistan 33 683 0.81 89.11 0.66
24 (24) Venezuela 29 683 0.71 89.83 0.51
25 (27) Kazakhstan 28 769 0.69 90.52 0.48
26 (25) Mexico 27 210 0.65 91.17 0.43
27 (26) Thailand 27 053 0.65 91.82 0.42
28 (28) Trinidad and Tobago 25 715 0.62 92.44 0.38
29 (29) Brazil 24 502 0.59 93.03 0.35
30 (30) Bangladesh 22 650 0.54 93.58 0.30
31 (31) Israel 21 285 0.51 94.09 0.26
32 (35) Kuwait 18 735 0.45 94.54 0.20
33 (32) Ukraine 18 110 0.44 94.97 0.19
34 (36) Bahrain 16 580 0.40 95.37 0.16
35 (33) Myanmar 14 700 0.35 95.73 0.12
36 (38) Peru 14 632 0.35 96.08 0.12

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 193

 37 (37) Bolivia 13 471 0.32 96.40 0.10
38 (39) Libya 12 270 0.30 96.70 0.09
39 (49) Mozambique 11 751 0.28 96.98 0.08
40 (40) Colombia 11 740 0.28 97.26 0.08
41 (34) Netherlands 11 186 0.27 97.53 0.07
42 (41) Brunei 10 255 0.25 97.78 0.06
43 (42) Iraq 9 930 0.24 98.02 0.06
44 (43) Romania 9 207 0.22 98.24 0.05
45 (45) Vietnam 7 468 0.18 98.42 0.03
46 (44) Equatorial Guinea 7 103 0.17 98.59 0.03
47 (46) Angola 6 000 0.14 98.73 0.02
48 (47) Papua New Guinea 5 616 0.14 98.87 0.02
49 (48) Germany 4 620 0.11 98.98 0.01
50 (50) Poland 4 600 0.11 99.09 0.01
51 (51) New Zealand 3 804 0.09 99.18 0.01
52 (53) Ghana 3 220 0.08 99.26 0.01
53 (52) Italy 2 988 0.07 99.33 0.01
54 (55) Cote d'Ivoire 2 728 0.07 99.39 0.00
55 (56) Syria 2 600 0.06 99.46 0.00
56 (54) Philippines 2 526 0.06 99.52 0.00
57 (57) Tanzania 2 412 0.06 99.58 0.00
58 (58) Cameroon 2 280 0.05 99.63 0.00
59 (59) Japan 2 019 0.05 99.68 0.00
60 (60) Tunisia 1 843 0.04 99.72 0.00
61 (61) Hungary 1 640 0.04 99.76 0.00
62 (62) Chile 1 380 0.03 99.80 0.00
63 (63) Denmark 1 328 0.03 99.83 0.00
64 (64) Ireland 1 040 0.03 99.85 0.00
65 (65) Congo, Rep. 1 000 0.02 99.88 0.00
66 (66) Cuba 955 0.02 99.90 0.00
67 (70) Türkiye 852 0.02 99.92 0.00
68 (67) Croatia 691 0.02 99.94 0.00
69 (68) Austria 545 0.01 99.95 0.00
70 (69) Gabon 400 0.01 99.96 0.00
71 (71) Serbia 315 0.01 99.97 0.00
72 (72) Ecuador 217 0.01 99.97 0.00
73 (73) Belarus 210 0.01 99.98 0.00
74 (74) Afghanistan 198 0.00 99.98 0.00
75 (76) Jordan 174 0.00 99.99 0.00
76 (75) Czechia 119 0.00 99.99 0.00
77 (77) Taiwan 91 0.00 99.99 0.00
78 (79) Guatemala 68 0.00 99.99 0.00
79 (80) Slovakia 51 0.00 99.99 0.00
80 (78) Morocco 51 0.00 100.00 0.00
81 (81) Albania 49 0.00 100.00 0.00
82 (83) Kyrgyzstan 27 0.00 100.00 0.00
83 (82) Spain 26 0.00 100.00 0.00
84 (85) Yemen 20 0.00 100.00 0.00
85 (84) France 18 0.00 100.00 0.00
86 (87) Georgia 16 0.00 100.00 0.00
87 (86) Bulgaria 9 0.00 100.00 0.00
88 (88) Barbados 9 0.00 100.00 0.00
89 (89) South Africa 5 0.00 100.00 0.00
90 (90) Slovenia 3 0.00 100.00 0.00
91 (**) Greece 2 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 4 159 174 100.00 HHI 1 056

194 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Petroleum

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) United States 909 154 300 20.00 20.00 399.83

2 ( 2) Saudi Arabia 531 963 600 11.70 31.70 136.89
3 ( 3) Russia 530 600 000 11.67 43.37 136.19
4 ( 4) Canada 277 851 300 6.11 49.48 37.34
5 ( 8) Iran 214 298 210 4.71 54.19 22.21
6 ( 5) Iraq 213 040 760 4.69 58.88 21.95
7 ( 6) China 209 026 100 4.60 63.47 21.13
8 ( 7) United Arab Emirates 176 067 470 3.87 67.35 15.00
9 ( 9) Brazil 173 333 000 3.81 71.16 14.53
10 (10) Kuwait 144 868 200 3.19 74.34 10.15
11 (11) Mexico 100 526 200 2.21 76.55 4.89
12 (12) Norway 95 700 400 2.10 78.66 4.43
13 (13) Kazakhstan 89 979 600 1.98 80.64 3.92
14 (14) Qatar 73 753 160 1.62 82.26 2.63
15 (15) Nigeria 73 213 100 1.61 83.87 2.59
16 (16) Algeria 63 006 000 1.39 85.26 1.92
17 (19) Libya 59 129 400 1.30 86.56 1.69
18 (17) Angola 54 745 260 1.20 87.76 1.45
19 (18) Oman 52 209 900 1.15 88.91 1.32
20 (22) Venezuela 43 727 330 0.96 89.87 0.92
21 (21) Colombia 38 794 920 0.85 90.72 0.73
22 (20) United Kingdom 33 754 600 0.74 91.47 0.55
23 (27) Argentina 31 630 100 0.70 92.16 0.48
24 (24) Indonesia 30 156 500 0.66 92.83 0.44
25 (23) Azerbaijan 30 147 400 0.66 93.49 0.44
26 (25) Egypt 29 820 890 0.66 94.14 0.43
27 (26) India 29 117 000 0.64 94.78 0.41
28 (28) Malaysia 25 752 770 0.57 95.35 0.32
29 (29) Ecuador 23 661 400 0.52 95.87 0.27
30 (31) Guyana 19 478 600 0.43 96.30 0.18
31 (30) Australia 18 437 420 0.41 96.71 0.16
32 (32) Congo, Rep. 13 334 200 0.29 97.00 0.09
33 (34) Gabon 11 160 000 0.25 97.24 0.06
34 (35) Bahrain 9 134 850 0.20 97.45 0.04
35 (36) Vietnam 8 628 000 0.19 97.63 0.04
36 (33) Turkmenistan 8 316 700 0.18 97.82 0.03
37 (39) South Sudan 7 272 710 0.16 97.98 0.03
38 (37) Ghana 6 892 400 0.15 98.13 0.02
39 (38) Thailand 6 780 010 0.15 98.28 0.02
40 (40) Chad 6 664 600 0.15 98.43 0.02
41 (41) Peru 5 757 700 0.13 98.55 0.02
42 (43) Brunei 4 451 180 0.10 98.65 0.01
43 (44) Italy 4 241 523 0.09 98.74 0.01
44 (46) Türkiye 4 094 898 0.09 98.83 0.01
45 (42) Equatorial Guinea 3 998 830 0.09 98.92 0.01
46 (45) Pakistan 3 459 800 0.08 99.00 0.01
47 (48) Cameroon 3 257 200 0.07 99.07 0.01
48 (47) Trinidad and Tobago 3 236 260 0.07 99.14 0.01
49 (50) Romania 2 986 000 0.07 99.21 0.00
50 (49) Denmark 2 922 014 0.06 99.27 0.00
51 (52) Sudan 2 321 000 0.05 99.32 0.00
52 (53) Cuba 2 200 000 0.05 99.37 0.00
53 (55) Uzbekistan 1 977 700 0.04 99.41 0.00
54 (56) Syria 1 815 890 0.04 99.45 0.00
55 (58) Tunisia 1 704 000 0.04 99.49 0.00

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 195

 56 (59) Germany 1 635 331 0.04 99.53 0.00
57 (57) Bolivia 1 551 680 0.03 99.56 0.00
58 (61) Belarus 1 495 000 0.03 99.59 0.00
59 (62) Cote d'Ivoire 1 466 600 0.03 99.63 0.00
60 (60) Papua New Guinea 1 458 200 0.03 99.66 0.00
61 (51) Yemen 1 447 100 0.03 99.69 0.00
62 (54) Ukraine 1 410 000 0.03 99.72 0.00
63 (63) Congo, D.R. 1 149 910 0.03 99.75 0.00
64 (64) Hungary 1 129 000 0.02 99.77 0.00
65 (68) Niger 897 300 0.02 99.79 0.00
66 (65) Suriname 855 230 0.02 99.81 0.00
67 (66) Serbia 829 599 0.02 99.83 0.00
68 (69) New Zealand 811 520 0.02 99.84 0.00
69 (67) Poland 793 880 0.02 99.86 0.00
70 (77) Mongolia 666 800 0.01 99.88 0.00
71 (70) Albania 641 581 0.01 99.89 0.00
72 (71) France 586 020 0.01 99.90 0.00
73 (72) Croatia 533 900 0.01 99.92 0.00
74 (73) Austria 478 093 0.01 99.93 0.00
75 (82) Israel 459 211 0.01 99.94 0.00
76 (74) Netherlands 404 894 0.01 99.95 0.00
77 (76) Japan 355 600 0.01 99.95 0.00
78 (75) Philippines 328 100 0.01 99.96 0.00
79 (78) Bangladesh 313 310 0.01 99.97 0.00
80 (81) Kyrgyzstan 302 700 0.01 99.97 0.00
81 (80) Myanmar 298 900 0.01 99.98 0.00
82 (79) Guatemala 287 600 0.01 99.99 0.00
83 (85) Mozambique 219 770 0.00 99.99 0.00
84 (83) Chile 121 790 0.00 99.99 0.00
85 (84) Czechia 67 000 0.00 100.00 0.00
86 (**) Greece 50 110 0.00 100.00 0.00
87 (86) Georgia 38 900 0.00 100.00 0.00
88 (87) Lithuania 24 775 0.00 100.00 0.00
89 (89) Bulgaria 20 938 0.00 100.00 0.00
90 (90) Barbados 19 000 0.00 100.00 0.00
91 (88) Tajikistan 18 000 0.00 100.00 0.00
92 (91) Jordan 6 000 0.00 100.00 0.00
93 (93) Moldova 4 316 0.00 100.00 0.00
94 (94) Slovakia 2 840 0.00 100.00 0.00
95 (95) Morocco 2 102 0.00 100.00 0.00
96 (97) Taiwan 1 400 0.00 100.00 0.00
97 (92) South Africa 1 044 0.00 100.00 0.00
98 (98) Spain 606 0.00 100.00 0.00
99 (99) Slovenia 147 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 4 546 738 152 100.00 HHI 846

Oil Sands (part of Petroleum)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Canada 173 858 800 89.68 89.68 8 043.08

2 ( 2) Venezuela 20 000 000 10.32 100.00 106.44

Total 193 858 800 100.00 HHI 8 150

196 Abbreviations: see Definitions World Mining Data 2025

Oil Shales

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Estonia 13 362 000 59.97 59.97 3 596.55

2 ( 2) Jordan 8 450 000 37.93 97.90 1 438.32
3 ( 3) Germany 429 483 1.93 99.82 3.72
4 ( 5) Bulgaria 37 000 0.17 99.99 0.03
5 ( 6) France 2 000 0.01 100.00 0.00
6 ( 7) Austria 200 0.00 100.00 0.00

Total 22 280 683 100.00 HHI 5 039

Uranium (U3O8)

Rank Rank Country Production Share Share Share

2023 2022 2023 in % cum. % HHI
metr. t

1 ( 1) Kazakhstan 24 895 36.97 36.97 1 366.51

2 ( 2) Canada 16 372 24.31 61.28 591.01
3 ( 3) Namibia 8 238 12.23 73.51 149.63
4 ( 4) Australia 5 512 8.18 81.69 66.99
5 ( 5) Uzbekistan 4 304 6.39 88.09 40.84
6 ( 6) Russia 3 196 4.75 92.83 22.52
7 ( 8) China 2 005 2.98 95.81 8.86
8 ( 7) Niger 1 332 1.98 97.79 3.91
9 ( 9) India 708 1.05 98.84 1.11
10 (11) Ukraine 310 0.46 99.30 0.21
11 (10) South Africa 275 0.41 99.71 0.17
12 (14) Brazil 107 0.16 99.86 0.03
13 (13) Pakistan 53 0.08 99.94 0.01
14 (12) United States 23 0.03 99.98 0.00
15 (15) Czechia 15 0.02 100.00 0.00

Total 67 345 100.00 HHI 2 252

World Mining Data 2025 Abbreviations: see Definitions 197

6.6 Production of Mineral Raw Materials of individual Countries,
by Countries

Afghanistan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 2 000 2 000 5 300 19 100 10 100 405.00 -47.12

Fluorspar (t) 50 000 10 000 10 000 27 600 37 256 -25.49 34.99

Gypsum (t) 24 682 21 779 16 349 10 991 192 137 678.45 1 648.13
Salt (t) 41 157 12 015 10 700 41 573 79 316 92.72 90.79
Talc (t) 345 052 95 923 441 372 382 211 215 252 -37.62 -43.68

Steam Coal (t) 1 604 700 56 620 340 800 517 000 1 238 000 -22.85 139.46
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 146 59 153 185 198 35.62 7.03

Total (t) 2 184 391 245 537 946 921 1 146 475 1 930 461

Albania
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 357 200 212 650 242 200 402 100 387 200 8.40 -3.71
Nickel (t) 2 960 3 760 4 090 1 570 570 -80.74 -63.69

Copper (t) 5 900 3 070 4 430 3 470 4 720 -20.00 36.02

Gypsum (t) 106 070 111 880 116 295 78 239 95 262 -10.19 21.76
Salt (t) 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 20 000 -33.33 -33.33

Steam Coal (t) 95 380 151 231 242 425 182 080 191 406 100.68 5.12
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 71 57 57 51 49 -30.99 -3.92
Petroleum (t) 1 005 090 712 427 757 393 657 402 641 581 -36.17 -2.41

Total (t) 1 659 400 1 270 618 1 442 433 1 395 661 1 379 939

Algeria
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 1 068 600 1 016 200 942 000 882 500 931 900 -12.79 5.60

Zinc (t) 500 1 000 500 900 240 -52.00 -73.33

Gold (kg) 70 58 71 138 147 110.00 6.52

Silver (kg) 30 20 12 20 20 -33.33 0.00

Baryte (t) 31 138 32 940 44 662 49 184 49 200 58.01 0.03

Bentonite (t) 36 700 34 200 31 700 33 700 34 000 -7.36 0.89
Diatomite (t) 2 437 3 040 3 066 3 015 3 000 23.10 -0.50

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 199
Feldspar (t) 170 000 170 000 170 000 170 000 170 000 0.00 0.00
Gypsum (t) 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 500 000 2 500 000 2 500 000 13.64 0.00
Kaolin (t) 100 000 100 000 120 000 120 000 120 000 20.00 0.00
Phosphates (t) 455 100 409 900 616 000 613 600 632 000 38.87 3.00
Salt (t) 100 800 95 100 107 800 103 200 112 700 11.81 9.21
Sulfur (t) 6 000 6 000 6 000 6 000 6 000 0.00 0.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 89 983 84 597 105 037 101 436 105 482 17.22 3.99
Petroleum (t) 64 330 000 57 535 000 58 200 000 62 066 000 63 006 000 -2.06 1.51

Total (t) 140 487 675 129 280 980 146 771 328 147 696 899 151 950 640

Angola
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 0 96 280 5 880 27 600 . 369.39

Manganese (t) 0 20 700 32 400 2 300 . -92.90

Gold (kg) 23 59 32 79 41 78.26 -48.10

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 8 209 365 7 118 240 7 597 280 7 606 550 8 615 980 4.95 13.27
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 912 150 790 920 1 124 200 1 156 760 1 138 330 24.80 -1.59
Gypsum (t) 119 260 165 290 79 680 266 570 270 000 126.40 1.29
Salt (t) 109 445 164 433 201 699 213 800 252 000 130.25 17.87

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 6 800 7 450 5 930 5 920 6 000 -11.76 1.35
Petroleum (t) 68 858 490 63 474 320 55 982 210 56 592 280 54 745 260 -20.50 -3.26

Total (t) 74 527 197 69 764 044 61 124 571 61 846 932 60 097 162

Argentina
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 438 434 309 804 338 239 400 038 440 933 0.57 10.22
Cadmium (t) 80 46 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Lead (t) 29 768 13 600 17 098 18 599 29 780 0.04 60.12
Lithium (t) 13 670 12 620 12 870 14 210 18 610 36.14 30.96
Mercury (t) 50 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Zinc (t) 14 876 8 300 6 188 3 893 9 580 -35.60 146.08

Gold (kg) 53 125 34 936 37 280 41 370 38 510 -27.51 -6.91

Silver (kg) 1 070 670 767 087 843 230 882 140 810 190 -24.33 -8.16

Baryte (t) 3 898 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Bentonite (t) 120 000 98 000 133 235 145 611 174 190 45.16 19.63
Boron (t) 181 818 134 604 188 868 164 124 170 000 -6.50 3.58
Diatomite (t) 94 610 98 575 156 426 183 533 157 680 66.66 -14.09
Feldspar (t) 10 000 32 000 40 000 40 000 40 000 300.00 0.00
Fluorspar (t) 1 500 48 000 10 000 10 000 2 000 33.33 -80.00
Gypsum (t) 761 013 499 092 690 000 737 000 376 680 -50.50 -48.89
Kaolin (t) 11 853 20 628 25 000 26 000 22 786 92.24 -12.36
Perlite (t) 21 236 13 176 18 016 32 450 32 000 50.69 -1.39
Salt (t) 1 566 600 1 051 445 1 389 375 600 000 1 080 650 -31.02 80.11
Talc (t) 10 000 2 304 1 800 2 400 2 242 -77.58 -6.58

Abbreviations: see Definitions

200 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Steam Coal (t) 154 782 24 800 25 300 25 300 85 000 -45.08 235.97
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 43 220 39 570 40 940 42 420 44 640 3.29 5.23
Petroleum (t) 25 327 500 24 000 100 25 568 200 29 008 700 31 630 100 24.88 9.04

Total (t) 63 338 812 58 023 896 61 373 495 65 348 781 69 985 080

Armenia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Molybdenum (t) 7 137 11 909 10 611 10 991 11 116 55.75 1.14

Copper (t) 91 214 83 291 79 970 71 466 67 705 -25.77 -5.26

Rhenium (kg) 310 260 170 140 140 -54.84 0.00
Zinc (t) 7 162 8 684 7 706 7 148 6 198 -13.46 -13.29

Gold (kg) 5 825 5 284 3 714 4 230 930 -84.03 -78.01

Silver (kg) 17 922 19 493 19 480 18 920 15 286 -14.71 -19.21

Gypsum (t) 45 890 29 650 16 540 65 940 7 580 -83.48 -88.50

Perlite (t) 80 676 104 410 168 242 60 280 12 325 -84.72 -79.55
Salt (t) 56 685 24 401 25 948 52 829 44 285 -21.88 -16.17
Sulfur (t) 10 500 11 500 14 100 14 000 14 400 37.14 2.86

Total (t) 299 288 273 869 323 140 282 677 163 625

Australia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 567 345 032 567 788 649 570 160 503 584 413 159 589 029 943 3.82 0.79
Cobalt (t) 5 746 5 631 5 232 5 794 5 217 -9.21 -9.96
Manganese (t) 3 259 200 3 357 500 3 277 460 3 044 900 2 920 850 -10.38 -4.07
Molybdenum (t) 0 277 1 110 . 300.72
Nickel (t) 158 751 169 344 150 876 155 007 149 090 -6.09 -3.82
Tantalum (t) 80 50 70 60 50 -37.50 -16.67
Titanium (t) 780 465 830 800 624 100 545 000 536 500 -31.26 -1.56
Tungsten (t) 30 100 160 180 420 1 300.00 133.33

Aluminium (t) 1 569 591 1 582 947 1 558 529 1 509 646 1 555 474 -0.90 3.04
Antimony (t) 2 032 3 903 3 380 2 292 1 860 -8.46 -18.85
Bauxite (t) 107 422 912 103 626 811 103 266 404 100 478 354 99 058 376 -7.79 -1.41
Cadmium (t) 204 378 402 328 900 341.18 174.39
Copper (t) 925 157 868 019 801 052 826 271 778 303 -15.87 -5.81
Lead (t) 500 985 494 271 485 487 437 825 472 242 -5.74 7.86
Lithium (t) 105 700 89 300 113 600 150 300 204 200 93.19 35.86
Rare Earths (t) 17 660 19 440 21 970 17 660 20 280 14.84 14.84
Tin (t) 7 738 8 118 8 772 9 001 9 852 27.32 9.45
Zinc (t) 1 337 321 1 314 910 1 318 696 1 237 373 1 098 290 -17.87 -11.24

Gold (kg) 325 572 327 952 307 577 302 787 296 053 -9.07 -2.22
Palladium (kg) 390 420 380 390 410 5.13 5.13
Platinum (kg) 95 100 90 100 100 5.26 0.00
Silver (kg) 1 325 089 1 337 344 1 329 718 1 169 252 1 032 993 -22.04 -11.65

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 201
Baryte (t) 1 982 0 1 127 3 922 3 754 89.40 -4.28
Bentonite (t) 56 000 42 713 46 658 26 332 47 551 -15.09 80.58
Diam. (Gem) (ct) 243 090 199 600 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 11 911 450 9 780 400 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Diatomite (t) 8 2 011 25 935 4 005 262 3 175.00 -93.46
Feldspar (t) 50 1 241 52 945 54 8.00 -94.29
Gypsum (t) 4 000 217 3 428 633 4 193 215 4 830 208 4 917 390 22.93 1.80
Kaolin (t) 114 050 154 812 173 187 170 181 115 890 1.61 -31.90
Magnesite (t) 413 182 799 203 893 623 460 408 432 319 4.63 -6.10
Perlite (t) 1 264 2 185 3 821 2 638 2 669 111.16 1.18
Phosphates (t) 165 750 215 700 170 361 180 520 390 213.96 44.08
Potash (t) 0 2 418 5 503 . 127.58
Salt (t) 12 173 391 12 212 483 12 574 025 12 246 020 12 176 705 0.03 -0.57
Sulfur (t) 900 000 900 000 900 000 900 000 900 000 0.00 0.00
Talc (t) 140 000 110 000 90 000 111 000 129 000 -7.86 16.22
Zircon (t) 468 900 380 000 569 000 470 000 462 000 -1.47 -1.70

Steam Coal (t) 271 388 000 267 504 000 247 481 000 248 573 000 233 043 000 -14.13 -6.25
Coking Coal (t) 189 066 000 183 764 000 171 122 000 168 589 000 166 738 000 -11.81 -1.10
Lignite (t) 43 315 000 41 513 000 41 622 000 40 296 000 38 891 000 -10.21 -3.49
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 154 485 154 107 156 463 163 112 160 873 4.14 -1.37
Petroleum (t) 22 464 160 22 381 790 21 782 900 20 228 210 18 437 420 -17.93 -8.85
Uranium (t) 7 726 7 273 4 474 5 377 5 512 -28.66 2.51

Total (t) 1 351 703 937 1 336 866 482 1 308 451 918 1 320 605 343 1 301 371 105

Austria
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 1 037 470 973 840 1 059 550 1 035 770 1 024 210 -1.28 -1.12
Tungsten (t) 892 896 919 910 819 -8.18 -10.00

Feldspar (t) 35 000 35 000 35 000 35 000 35 000 0.00 0.00

Graphite (t) 100 100 200 300 300 200.00 0.00
Gypsum (t) 900 217 901 619 900 374 876 075 702 581 -21.95 -19.80
Kaolin (t) 13 500 13 500 13 500 13 500 13 500 0.00 0.00
Magnesite (t) 691 909 816 370 842 679 707 267 669 400 -3.25 -5.35
Salt (t) 1 212 158 1 014 554 1 117 586 977 676 1 146 551 -5.41 17.27
Sulfur (t) 6 768 6 564 4 755 4 672 4 400 -34.99 -5.82
Talc (t) 124 184 123 000 157 493 157 047 138 621 11.63 -11.73

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 891 743 654 607 545 -38.83 -10.21
Oil Shales (t) 100 100 100 100 200 100.00 100.00
Petroleum (t) 642 953 609 254 571 428 532 339 478 093 -25.64 -10.19

Total (t) 5 378 051 5 089 197 5 226 784 4 826 256 4 649 675

Azerbaijan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 32 700 28 560 24 900 33 500 36 800 12.54 9.85

Copper (t) 2 213 2 591 2 649 2 516 2 138 -3.39 -15.02

Gold (kg) 3 897 3 635 3 427 3 271 2 659 -31.77 -18.71

Silver (kg) 8 160 7 590 8 988 12 600 5 211 -36.14 -58.64

Abbreviations: see Definitions

202 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Bentonite (t) 222 519 155 112 174 242 175 875 127 010 -42.92 -27.78
Gypsum (t) 314 224 297 594 417 892 369 908 599 141 90.67 61.97
Salt (t) 77 116 76 401 71 495 77 455 73 267 -4.99 -5.41

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 24 514 26 487 32 578 34 956 36 414 48.54 4.17
Petroleum (t) 37 501 200 34 531 900 34 580 300 32 646 400 30 147 400 -19.61 -7.65

Total (t) 57 761 184 56 281 770 61 333 890 61 270 470 60 116 964

Bahamas
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Salt (t) 663 850 720 030 425 710 633 380 712 420 7.32 12.48

Total (t) 663 850 720 030 425 710 633 380 712 420

Bahrain
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 1 365 005 1 548 500 1 561 222 1 600 111 1 620 665 18.73 1.28

Sulfur (t) 139 655 124 490 129 350 128 780 133 100 -4.69 3.35

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 17 120 17 230 17 500 16 600 16 580 -3.15 -0.12
Petroleum (t) 9 668 850 9 694 300 9 608 310 9 436 020 9 134 850 -5.52 -3.19

Total (t) 24 869 510 25 151 290 25 298 882 24 444 911 24 152 615

Bangladesh
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Salt (t) 1 824 000 1 570 000 1 651 000 1 832 000 2 232 000 22.37 21.83

Steam Coal (t) 805 696 811 138 753 973 488 676 767 307 -4.76 57.02
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 27 230 24 990 25 170 23 780 22 650 -16.82 -4.75
Petroleum (t) 565 140 522 570 463 590 349 560 313 310 -44.56 -10.37

Total (t) 24 978 836 22 895 708 23 004 563 21 694 236 21 432 617

Barbados
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 14 11 11 9 9 -35.71 0.00

Petroleum (t) 28 560 23 590 20 770 19 130 19 000 -33.47 -0.68

Total (t) 39 760 32 390 29 570 26 330 26 200

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 203
Belarus
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Potash (t) 7 348 293 7 562 153 7 750 000 3 570 000 6 380 000 -13.18 78.71
Salt (t) 2 517 590 1 198 290 2 265 000 2 000 000 2 300 000 -8.64 15.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 218 219 229 220 210 -3.67 -4.55
Petroleum (t) 1 690 000 1 710 000 1 737 000 1 594 000 1 495 000 -11.54 -6.21

Total (t) 11 730 283 10 645 643 11 935 200 7 340 000 10 343 000

Belgium
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Arsenic (t) 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 0.00 0.00

Indium (t) 20 20 20 19 19 -5.00 0.00
Selenium (t) 200 200 200 200 200 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 1 220 1 220 1 220 1 219 1 219

Benin
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 5 5 5 5 5 0.00 0.00

Salt (t) 500 500 500 500 500 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 500 500 500 500 500

Bhutan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 23 590 9 430 16 590 2 230 650 -97.24 -70.85

Gypsum (t) 490 596 331 050 403 753 400 183 1 100 000 124.22 174.87
Talc (t) 1 375 972 678 740 400 -70.91 -45.95

Steam Coal (t) 184 785 72 838 111 545 158 603 113 950 -38.33 -28.15

Total (t) 700 346 414 290 532 566 561 756 1 215 000

Abbreviations: see Definitions

204 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Bolivia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 45 830 15 410 17 010 215 940 129 550 182.68 -40.01
Manganese (t) 3 660 4 710 5 100 420 560 -84.70 33.33
Tantalum (t) 10 8 1 3 1 -90.00 -66.67
Tungsten (t) 1 064 1 347 1 563 1 358 1 505 41.45 10.82

Antimony (t) 2 747 2 629 3 084 3 453 3 884 41.39 12.48

Arsenic (t) 126 50 100 35 0 -100.00 -100.00
Bismuth (t) 0 55 27 3 58 . 1 833.33
Copper (t) 4 478 2 822 3 310 3 608 3 881 -13.33 7.57
Lead (t) 88 002 64 619 92 767 89 761 102 927 16.96 14.67
Lithium (t) 160 80 410 250 380 137.50 52.00
Tin (t) 17 147 14 709 19 628 17 613 18 693 9.02 6.13
Zinc (t) 527 521 358 411 499 257 517 523 491 768 -6.78 -4.98

Gold (kg) 42 000 23 207 45 662 53 374 46 615 10.99 -12.66

Silver (kg) 1 153 109 929 909 1 289 456 1 214 301 1 350 216 17.09 11.19

Baryte (t) 39 458 9 611 26 780 48 952 54 509 38.14 11.35

Bentonite (t) 0 0 0 5 057 5 100 . 0.85
Boron (t) 214 269 258 143 312 906 295 515 327 253 52.73 10.74
Gypsum (t) 3 905 1 000 1 000 168 922 89 000 2 179.13 -47.31
Potash (t) 17 800 4 400 32 600 42 600 53 700 201.69 26.06
Salt (t) 4 494 14 949 21 777 15 042 21 900 387.32 45.59

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 17 046 16 384 16 967 15 517 13 471 -20.97 -13.19
Petroleum (t) 2 244 260 2 065 070 2 032 870 1 815 610 1 551 680 -30.86 -14.54

Total (t) 16 852 926 15 926 176 16 645 125 15 656 532 13 634 546

Bosnia-Herzegovina
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 739 600 727 980 792 500 665 650 640 980 -13.33 -3.71

Aluminium (t) 67 690 0 90 037 138 969 64 465 -4.76 -53.61

Bauxite (t) 1 043 343 619 748 675 269 669 926 548 160 -47.46 -18.18
Lead (t) 7 470 6 110 6 310 6 730 6 670 -10.71 -0.89
Zinc (t) 9 160 6 610 7 310 7 690 8 050 -12.12 4.68

Bentonite (t) 94 601 69 183 75 761 28 173 37 878 -59.96 34.45

Gypsum (t) 130 788 140 994 297 225 135 408 104 125 -20.39 -23.10
Kaolin (t) 118 005 108 174 62 599 24 529 21 541 -81.75 -12.18
Magnesite (t) 1 400 652 196 0 0 -100.00 .
Salt (t) 1 069 210 947 838 966 358 1 109 253 1 165 909 9.04 5.11

Lignite (t) 13 376 548 13 365 730 12 802 517 13 736 665 12 791 560 -4.37 -6.88

Total (t) 16 657 815 15 993 019 15 776 082 16 522 993 15 389 338

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 205
Botswana
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Copper (t) 0 0 11 742 44 269 72 411 . 63.57

Gold (kg) 943 851 649 427 331 -64.90 -22.48

Silver (kg) 0 10 383 31 174 55 396 . 77.70

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 16 580 900 11 807 600 15 887 200 17 135 300 18 319 200 10.48 6.91
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 7 106 100 5 060 400 6 808 800 7 343 700 6 775 600 -4.65 -7.74
Salt (t) 383 779 418 379 499 527 323 303 387 956 1.09 20.00

Steam Coal (t) 2 110 891 1 923 992 2 021 218 2 460 868 2 064 373 -2.20 -16.11

Total (t) 2 494 675 2 342 375 2 532 502 2 828 476 2 524 800

Brazil
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 255 339 422 245 889 636 268 066 382 256 927 734 273 992 879 7.31 6.64
Chromium (t) 199 256 226 762 248 108 218 626 193 532 -2.87 -11.48
Cobalt (t) 0 27 43 9 165 . 1 733.33
Manganese (t) 1 452 034 932 721 598 424 559 504 849 783 -41.48 51.88
Nickel (t) 55 761 68 097 75 988 79 370 72 398 29.84 -8.78
Niobium (t) 126 641 85 572 112 755 109 287 109 520 -13.52 0.21
Tantalum (t) 340 300 350 350 380 11.76 8.57
Titanium (t) 81 650 61 940 75 100 53 000 79 220 -2.98 49.47
Tungsten (t) 306 262 301 302 284 -7.19 -5.96
Vanadium (t) 7 045 7 582 7 212 7 249 6 508 -7.62 -10.22

Aluminium (t) 650 200 685 100 771 700 810 900 1 021 700 57.14 26.00
Bauxite (t) 31 937 900 32 897 800 33 364 875 31 608 694 32 032 491 0.30 1.34
Beryllium (t) 9 10 10 10 10 11.11 0.00
Cadmium (t) 450 100 50 20 100 -77.78 400.00
Copper (t) 363 268 353 258 335 923 297 653 376 338 3.60 26.44
Lead (t) 5 715 5 351 6 307 8 304 16 237 184.11 95.53
Lithium (t) 2 575 4 065 5 670 7 863 15 193 490.02 93.22
Rare Earths (t) 380 450 580 1 580 1 280 236.84 -18.99
Tin (t) 14 867 16 634 15 410 19 176 25 121 68.97 31.00
Zinc (t) 163 403 174 332 159 913 155 177 194 030 18.74 25.04

Gold (kg) 89 988 98 922 93 817 94 632 86 900 -3.43 -8.17

Silver (kg) 50 000 68 430 71 540 74 650 102 640 105.28 37.49

Asbestos (t) 12 205 77 057 172 256 182 965 189 340 1 451.33 3.48
Baryte (t) 9 223 1 849 361 4 931 1 795 -80.54 -63.60
Bentonite (t) 403 763 217 055 220 000 220 000 200 000 -50.47 -9.09
Diam. (Gem) (ct) 53 240 41 320 46 670 45 490 25 310 -52.46 -44.36
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 108 085 83 890 94 760 92 350 51 390 -52.45 -44.35
Diatomite (t) 17 673 35 574 10 665 35 844 16 546 -6.38 -53.84
Feldspar (t) 632 349 450 573 491 042 756 364 621 075 -1.78 -17.89
Fluorspar (t) 24 399 24 730 28 158 28 969 28 365 16.25 -2.08
Graphite (t) 81 770 67 020 78 555 72 780 56 053 -31.45 -22.98
Gypsum (t) 2 842 654 2 851 643 3 260 209 5 159 687 5 754 563 102.44 11.53
Kaolin (t) 1 471 610 1 239 591 1 153 884 1 189 531 828 394 -43.71 -30.36
Magnesite (t) 1 530 000 1 550 000 1 800 000 1 700 000 1 413 000 -7.65 -16.88
Phosphates (t) 1 828 500 1 827 900 1 793 000 1 869 300 1 776 800 -2.83 -4.95

Abbreviations: see Definitions

206 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Potash (t) 248 911 254 837 213 028 299 636 363 275 45.95 21.24
Salt (t) 6 700 500 6 464 300 6 534 300 7 000 000 7 000 000 4.47 0.00
Sulfur (t) 460 000 450 000 435 000 519 600 490 000 6.52 -5.70
Talc (t) 650 000 650 000 660 000 700 000 600 000 -7.69 -14.29
Vermiculite (t) 47 581 58 821 70 500 70 913 52 638 10.63 -25.77
Zircon (t) 17 136 10 994 6 482 6 513 8 397 -51.00 28.93

Steam Coal (t) 3 812 975 3 171 509 4 768 003 3 473 384 3 163 068 -17.04 -8.93
Lignite (t) 1 596 696 2 309 404 1 896 525 2 648 783 3 322 196 108.07 25.42
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 27 358 25 384 25 382 24 098 24 502 -10.44 1.68
Petroleum (t) 143 933 400 151 759 400 149 154 800 154 993 700 173 333 000 20.43 11.83
Uranium (t) 0 20 34 51 107 . 109.80

Total (t) 478 609 107 475 189 643 496 897 669 491 076 329 527 807 571

Brunei
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 12 504 12 065 11 178 10 266 10 255 -17.99 -0.11
Petroleum (t) 6 040 240 5 479 350 5 308 680 4 577 160 4 451 180 -26.31 -2.75

Total (t) 16 043 440 15 131 350 14 251 080 12 789 960 12 655 180

Bulgaria
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Manganese (t) 0 6 700 9 100 3 000 . -67.03

Cadmium (t) 315 311 343 315 306 -2.86 -2.86

Copper (t) 114 240 107 610 104 020 121 120 121 130 6.03 0.01
Lead (t) 23 350 20 680 21 420 23 110 20 690 -11.39 -10.47
Tellurium (t) 3 4 3 3 1 -66.67 -66.67
Zinc (t) 19 170 17 520 17 910 19 330 17 830 -6.99 -7.76

Gold (kg) 7 467 9 349 9 695 8 529 9 276 24.23 8.76

Silver (kg) 40 755 39 126 38 661 26 437 22 800 -44.06 -13.76

Baryte (t) 72 000 41 000 72 000 75 000 60 000 -16.67 -20.00

Bentonite (t) 45 000 40 900 72 100 72 000 61 000 35.56 -15.28
Gypsum (t) 88 000 54 800 77 400 77 000 30 400 -65.45 -60.52
Kaolin (t) 330 000 276 000 380 000 236 000 210 000 -36.36 -11.02
Perlite (t) 5 300 5 200 5 000 5 000 5 000 -5.66 0.00
Salt (t) 3 400 000 2 700 000 3 300 000 3 300 000 2 700 000 -20.59 -18.18
Sulfur (t) 423 600 497 000 434 500 515 500 431 700 1.91 -16.26
Vermiculite (t) 10 500 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 -4.76 0.00

Lignite (t) 29 462 615 22 519 300 28 410 900 35 513 000 21 114 000 -28.34 -40.55
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 35 55 31 17 9 -74.29 -47.06
Oil Shales (t) 39 000 44 000 56 000 61 000 37 000 -5.13 -39.34
Petroleum (t) 20 000 20 500 20 086 19 480 20 938 4.69 7.48

Total (t) 34 081 141 26 398 873 33 013 231 40 070 593 24 850 227

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 207
Burkina Faso
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Zinc (t) 106 680 78 990 84 170 22 880 0 -100.00 -100.00

Gold (kg) 50 559 62 405 67 126 58 159 57 338 13.41 -1.41

Silver (kg) 5 670 10 012 8 897 7 326 7 891 39.17 7.71

Total (t) 106 737 79 062 84 246 22 945 65

Burundi
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Niobium (t) 5 4 10 3 1 -80.00 -66.67

Tantalum (t) 8 6 15 5 2 -75.00 -60.00
Tungsten (t) 150 166 120 95 69 -54.00 -27.37

Lithium (t) 0 13 . .
Rare Earths (t) 195 296 134 0 0 -100.00 .
Tin (t) 143 121 100 80 70 -51.05 -12.50

Gold (kg) 573 863 893 914 1 054 83.94 15.32

Total (t) 502 594 380 184 156

Cambodia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 0 1 466 3 320 3 524 . 6.14

Salt (t) 18 430 83 969 68 682 35 000 81 154 340.34 131.87

Total (t) 18 430 83 969 68 683 35 003 81 158

Cameroon
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 68 950 61 650 47 300 62 770 62 180 -9.82 -0.94

Gold (kg) 341 233 440 860 431 26.39 -49.88

Diam. (Ind) (ct) 1 737 2 438 2 668 2 431 2 950 69.83 21.35

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 2 010 2 130 2 090 2 190 2 280 13.43 4.11
Petroleum (t) 3 545 900 3 622 200 3 493 100 3 403 200 3 257 200 -8.14 -4.29

Total (t) 5 222 850 5 387 850 5 212 400 5 217 971 5 143 380

Abbreviations: see Definitions

208 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Canada
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 34 457 800 37 102 800 34 982 200 39 169 500 39 751 000 15.36 1.48
Cobalt (t) 5 039 4 069 3 953 3 534 3 260 -35.30 -7.75
Molybdenum (t) 4 385 3 979 1 871 1 146 1 171 -73.30 2.18
Nickel (t) 176 021 168 214 159 145 122 115 127 237 -27.71 4.19
Niobium (t) 6 800 6 400 7 650 6 800 6 700 -1.47 -1.47
Titanium (t) 550 000 480 000 440 000 540 000 470 000 -14.55 -12.96

Aluminium (t) 2 853 771 3 118 710 3 136 704 3 033 966 3 274 901 14.76 7.94
Antimony (t) 2 2 2 2 0 -100.00 -100.00
Bismuth (t) 4 4 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Cadmium (t) 1 803 1 800 1 800 1 800 1 800 -0.17 0.00
Copper (t) 557 242 581 713 509 350 509 059 484 552 -13.04 -4.81
Indium (t) 61 61 44 39 40 -34.43 2.56
Lead (t) 22 608 3 770 8 280 4 436 2 000 -91.15 -54.91
Lithium (t) 1 200 0 2 150 6 690 5 436 353.00 -18.74
Selenium (t) 102 102 57 110 130 27.45 18.18
Tellurium (t) 13 23 25 24 27 107.69 12.50
Zinc (t) 269 353 246 995 229 671 180 256 109 507 -59.34 -39.25

Gold (kg) 191 716 177 756 196 491 189 393 191 035 -0.36 0.87
Palladium (kg) 21 928 10 897 15 433 14 591 17 267 -21.26 18.34
Platinum (kg) 9 633 4 860 4 255 4 469 6 120 -36.47 36.94
Rhodium (kg) 750 400 450 500 334 -55.47 -33.20
Silver (kg) 399 359 313 516 301 109 290 946 240 523 -39.77 -17.33

Baryte (t) 40 000 40 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 25.00 0.00

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 18 573 661 14 208 812 16 994 679 16 217 233 15 674 351 -15.61 -3.35
Fluorspar (t) 80 000 50 000 50 000 20 000 0 -100.00 -100.00
Graphite (t) 4 332 16 239 9 290 13 000 4 261 -1.64 -67.22
Gypsum (t) 2 445 062 3 062 710 2 908 792 3 306 341 3 479 599 42.31 5.24
Magnesite (t) 150 000 160 000 180 000 230 000 230 000 53.33 0.00
Potash (t) 12 820 345 13 732 918 14 275 819 14 393 181 14 043 046 9.54 -2.43
Salt (t) 11 911 268 13 518 704 11 002 261 15 155 260 11 720 185 -1.60 -22.67
Sulfur (t) 4 808 913 4 904 051 4 879 000 4 898 600 4 981 400 3.59 1.69
Talc (t) 243 000 153 293 153 000 200 000 200 000 -17.70 0.00

Steam Coal (t) 15 078 380 13 291 550 12 358 380 12 638 080 9 249 320 -38.66 -26.81
Coking Coal (t) 29 952 270 25 315 420 26 937 110 27 409 100 30 897 530 3.16 12.73
Lignite (t) 8 134 855 7 538 920 8 314 510 6 657 920 6 658 000 -18.15 0.00
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 170 747 166 936 173 423 186 121 191 252 12.01 2.76
Oil Sands* (t) 158 766 200 153 043 300 167 104 200 170 263 400 173 858 800 9.51 2.11
Petroleum (t) 265 045 900 253 195 200 266 190 400 271 233 300 277 851 300 4.83 2.44
Uranium (t) 8 230 4 260 5 622 8 688 16 372 98.93 88.44

Total (t) 526 226 987 510 251 218 525 536 005 548 690 251 556 620 832

*Oil Sands as part of Petroleum

Cape Verde
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Salt (t) 1 000 2 585 2 621 2 600 2 600 160.00 0.00

Total (t) 1 000 2 585 2 621 2 600 2 600

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 209
Central African Republic
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 359 401 840 1 507 1 549 331.48 2.79

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 22 040 49 470 74 220 90 900 85 060 285.93 -6.42
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 5 510 12 370 18 550 27 150 26 860 387.48 -1.07

Total (t) 0 0 1 2 2

Chad
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Petroleum (t) 6 316 700 6 303 000 5 799 300 6 160 600 6 664 600 5.51 8.18

Total (t) 6 316 700 6 303 000 5 799 300 6 160 600 6 664 600

Chile
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 8 427 224 9 890 886 11 163 294 11 059 801 11 443 370 35.79 3.47
Molybdenum (t) 54 759 59 381 49 427 45 627 44 118 -19.43 -3.31

Copper (t) 5 787 400 5 733 100 5 624 900 5 330 400 5 250 400 -9.28 -1.50
Lead (t) 7 1 386 382 457 325 4 542.86 -28.88
Lithium (t) 44 940 49 730 65 060 110 350 113 200 151.89 2.58
Rhenium (kg) 24 003 14 549 18 831 32 303 50 754 111.45 57.12
Selenium (t) 98 118 83 102 103 5.10 0.98
Zinc (t) 5 620 28 662 27 915 24 092 22 059 292.51 -8.44

Gold (kg) 38 455 33 895 34 248 30 966 35 790 -6.93 15.58

Silver (kg) 1 309 321 1 575 794 1 383 041 1 274 363 1 262 287 -3.59 -0.95

Bentonite (t) 395 170 170 1 372 463 17.22 -66.25

Boron (t) 352 255 288 103 363 032 421 935 450 239 27.82 6.71
Diatomite (t) 21 328 21 477 27 096 24 279 17 319 -18.80 -28.67
Feldspar (t) 55 329 0 0 28 -49.09 .
Gypsum (t) 977 397 910 310 1 007 206 978 846 832 770 -14.80 -14.92
Kaolin (t) 34 801 38 789 49 533 44 232 51 300 47.41 15.98
Perlite (t) 4 700 0 0 0 1 997 -57.51 .
Phosphates (t) 950 590 620 940 2 740 188.42 191.49
Potash (t) 683 540 966 680 891 450 676 350 743 930 8.83 9.99
Salt (t) 10 476 823 9 574 159 8 565 307 10 501 352 10 721 181 2.33 2.09
Sulfur (t) 1 518 700 1 735 100 1 662 200 1 591 200 1 594 200 4.97 0.19

Steam Coal (t) 1 606 554 191 562 18 541 26 962 121 570 -92.43 350.89
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 1 339 1 316 1 275 1 355 1 380 3.06 1.85
Petroleum (t) 161 520 102 640 109 980 128 510 121 790 -24.60 -5.23

Total (t) 31 231 637 30 647 597 30 647 632 32 052 144 32 638 451

Abbreviations: see Definitions

210 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
China
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 165 356 800 173 763 500 163 840 000 180 480 000 190 937 600 15.47 5.79
Chromium (t) 27 250 54 440 67 620 65 050 54 220 98.97 -16.65
Cobalt (t) 3 000 2 200 2 000 1 750 2 300 -23.33 31.43
Manganese (t) 1 350 000 1 218 000 900 000 819 000 852 000 -36.89 4.03
Molybdenum (t) 104 670 95 970 102 600 107 550 121 500 16.08 12.97
Nickel (t) 104 674 105 048 104 600 109 400 110 400 5.47 0.91
Niobium (t) 20 30 30 40 43 115.00 7.50
Tantalum (t) 135 180 180 92 96 -28.89 4.35
Titanium (t) 2 306 900 2 911 800 2 856 650 3 144 000 3 247 000 40.75 3.28
Tungsten (t) 74 950 71 450 68 660 65 620 65 980 -11.97 0.55
Vanadium (t) 64 700 69 960 74 100 78 100 81 600 26.12 4.48

Aluminium (t) 35 361 600 37 080 400 38 503 200 40 144 300 41 979 700 18.72 4.57
Antimony (t) 68 422 60 995 41 480 39 000 41 000 -40.08 5.13
Arsenic (t) 24 000 24 000 25 000 25 000 24 000 0.00 -4.00
Bauxite (t) 73 323 700 70 000 000 68 400 000 74 300 000 65 516 300 -10.65 -11.82
Beryllium (t) 1 750 1 750 1 750 1 850 1 925 10.00 4.05
Bismuth (t) 7 000 7 500 8 000 7 500 8 000 14.29 6.67
Cadmium (t) 10 000 10 000 10 000 8 700 9 000 -10.00 3.45
Copper (t) 1 683 450 1 942 000 1 964 400 1 925 600 1 830 000 8.71 -4.96
Gallium (t) 356 290 420 606 701 96.91 15.68
Germanium (t) 85 86 132 130 154 81.18 18.46
Indium (t) 490 528 540 667 646 31.84 -3.15
Lead (t) 2 097 000 1 942 000 1 964 400 1 945 900 1 960 000 -6.53 0.72
Lithium (t) 19 000 28 800 30 500 57 900 106 300 459.47 83.59
Mercury (t) 2 046 1 993 1 400 637 700 -65.79 9.89
Rare Earths (t) 132 000 140 000 168 000 210 000 255 000 93.18 21.43
Rhenium (kg) 2 500 2 500 2 500 2 500 2 650 6.00 6.00
Selenium (t) 1 250 1 120 1 400 1 400 1 400 12.00 0.00
Tellurium (t) 380 260 530 500 500 31.58 0.00
Tin (t) 85 584 94 460 83 144 67 365 68 000 -20.55 0.94
Zinc (t) 4 213 000 4 058 000 4 136 000 4 041 000 4 130 000 -1.97 2.20

Gold (kg) 380 230 365 340 328 980 372 048 375 155 -1.33 0.84
Palladium (kg) 1 300 1 300 1 300 1 300 2 000 53.85 53.85
Platinum (kg) 2 500 2 500 2 500 2 800 3 000 20.00 7.14
Silver (kg) 3 468 000 3 405 800 3 511 600 3 477 400 3 399 600 -1.97 -2.24

Asbestos (t) 125 000 120 000 130 000 196 000 196 000 56.80 0.00
Baryte (t) 2 900 000 2 500 000 2 200 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 -31.03 0.00
Bentonite (t) 5 600 000 3 650 000 2 500 000 2 100 000 2 100 000 -62.50 0.00
Boron (t) 250 000 250 000 250 000 300 000 360 300 44.12 20.10
Diam. (Gem) (ct) 51 21 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Diatomite (t) 420 000 362 000 320 000 368 000 370 000 -11.90 0.54
Feldspar (t) 2 450 000 2 450 000 2 450 000 2 500 000 2 500 000 2.04 0.00
Fluorspar (t) 4 000 000 4 300 000 5 400 000 5 700 000 5 700 000 42.50 0.00
Graphite (t) 1 185 000 1 090 000 1 189 000 1 161 000 1 208 000 1.94 4.05
Gypsum (t) 65 000 000 60 000 000 60 884 000 60 110 000 59 360 800 -8.68 -1.25
Kaolin (t) 6 400 000 6 500 000 7 240 000 7 822 000 8 292 000 29.56 6.01
Magnesite (t) 19 000 000 19 000 000 18 000 000 17 000 000 15 000 000 -21.05 -11.76
Phosphates (t) 27 997 200 26 679 960 30 869 700 31 423 500 31 592 700 12.84 0.54
Potash (t) 5 902 000 5 530 000 5 814 600 5 910 000 5 470 400 -7.31 -7.44
Salt (t) 67 014 400 58 526 800 57 065 100 53 598 800 52 685 800 -21.38 -1.70
Sulfur (t) 14 450 000 15 340 000 15 730 000 16 970 000 18 500 000 28.03 9.02
Talc (t) 1 800 000 1 300 000 1 400 000 1 400 000 1 400 000 -22.22 0.00
Vermiculite (t) 50 000 50 000 40 000 40 000 35 000 -30.00 -12.50
Zircon (t) 140 000 140 000 140 000 140 000 100 000 -28.57 -28.57

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 211
Steam Coal (t) 2 970 445 000 2 999 940 000 3 248 607 000 3 664 678 000 3 821 084 000 28.64 4.27
Coking Coal (t) 538 634 000 561 254 300 547 540 900 553 958 100 540 986 400 0.44 -2.34
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 175 362 192 495 207 584 220 110 232 430 32.54 5.60
Petroleum (t) 191 628 300 194 768 600 198 881 100 204 722 400 209 026 100 9.08 2.10
Uranium (t) 2 223 2 223 1 887 2 005 2 005 -9.81 0.00

Total (t) 4 352 110 790 4 411 440 421 4 656 081 071 5 115 840 318 5 275 323 353

Christmas Island
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Phosphates (t) 127 730 81 230 100 220 95 170 141 900 11.09 49.10

Total (t) 127 730 81 230 100 220 95 170 141 900

Colombia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 300 240 354 200 337 670 223 920 293 730 -2.17 31.18
Manganese (t) 160 10 140 160 150 -6.25 -6.25
Nickel (t) 44 990 40 480 43 940 46 370 43 030 -4.36 -7.20

Bauxite (t) 18 033 9 595 49 946 48 016 2 779 -84.59 -94.21

Copper (t) 7 641 9 372 9 194 6 918 6 007 -21.38 -13.17
Tin (t) 31 233 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Gold (kg) 38 018 48 775 56 772 52 313 61 300 61.24 17.18

Platinum (kg) 198 453 618 583 893 351.01 53.17
Silver (kg) 14 481 20 354 26 853 35 909 51 699 257.01 43.97

Baryte (t) 2 270 2 046 1 164 1 034 1 376 -39.38 33.08

Bentonite (t) 145 643 185 418 88 339 58 815 31 263 -78.53 -46.85
Feldspar (t) 180 235 134 847 99 755 164 783 73 675 -59.12 -55.29
Graphite (t) 135 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Gypsum (t) 294 137 323 157 408 681 480 748 389 107 32.29 -19.06
Kaolin (t) 105 731 46 697 79 343 40 839 143 533 35.75 251.46
Magnesite (t) 1 847 1 077 3 116 2 694 2 540 37.52 -5.72
Phosphates (t) 20 670 14 710 17 110 19 110 11 760 -43.11 -38.46
Salt (t) 376 309 409 976 370 318 379 081 374 873 -0.38 -1.11
Sulfur (t) 100 203 69 638 35 930 31 530 32 000 -68.06 1.49
Talc (t) 2 757 717 3 170 5 222 1 690 -38.70 -67.64

Steam Coal (t) 81 382 325 49 913 080 56 328 800 58 115 655 59 627 100 -26.73 2.60
Coking Coal (t) 7 120 830 6 896 425 7 401 317 8 704 076 8 930 440 25.41 2.60
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 11 800 11 770 12 110 11 890 11 740 -0.51 -1.26
Petroleum (t) 44 101 940 38 993 490 36 660 230 37 554 630 38 794 920 -12.03 3.30

Total (t) 143 646 179 106 821 237 111 626 248 115 395 690 118 152 087

Abbreviations: see Definitions

212 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Congo, D.R.
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Cobalt (t) 78 664 86 591 93 011 115 371 139 840 77.77 21.21
Manganese (t) 1 780 1 000 9 450 5 380 600 -66.29 -88.85
Niobium (t) 433 565 475 644 560 29.33 -13.04
Tantalum (t) 460 600 505 733 630 36.96 -14.05
Tungsten (t) 260 116 114 148 418 60.77 182.43

Copper (t) 1 461 124 1 712 964 1 924 374 2 394 630 2 842 022 94.51 18.68
Tin (t) 10 990 14 670 15 750 20 420 18 460 67.97 -9.60
Zinc (t) 1 607 15 305 16 079 13 578 11 321 604.48 -16.62

Gold (kg) 33 752 29 597 31 421 29 498 34 526 2.29 17.05

Silver (kg) 3 400 3 400 3 400 3 400 3 400 0.00 0.00

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 2 020 450 2 588 850 2 594 650 1 948 550 424 880 -78.97 -78.20
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 11 449 240 10 355 400 10 378 700 8 307 100 7 880 920 -31.17 -5.13

Petroleum (t) 1 113 260 1 191 660 1 170 000 1 159 250 1 149 910 3.29 -0.81

Total (t) 2 668 617 3 023 507 3 229 795 3 710 188 4 163 801

Congo, Rep.
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 20 200 3 400 20 200 20 200 20 200 0.00 0.00

Copper (t) 18 760 10 300 11 012 11 940 8 419 -55.12 -29.49

Zinc (t) 4 830 1 100 12 700 16 130 24 070 398.34 49.23

Gold (kg) 150 150 150 150 150 0.00 0.00

Diam. (Ind) (ct) 2 963 11 157 4 125 3 534 4 074 37.50 15.28

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 622 809 970 931 1 000 60.77 7.41
Petroleum (t) 16 749 800 15 280 150 13 626 100 13 108 800 13 334 200 -20.39 1.72

Total (t) 17 291 190 15 942 150 14 446 012 13 901 870 14 186 889

Costa Rica
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 4 500 600 647 790 800 -82.22 1.27

Diatomite (t) 4 000 4 000 16 462 14 642 15 000 275.00 2.45

Total (t) 4 005 4 001 16 463 14 643 15 001

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 213
Cote d'Ivoire
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Manganese (t) 472 700 530 200 384 500 371 900 470 100 -0.55 26.40
Nickel (t) 9 900 20 220 26 460 27 610 37 210 275.86 34.77

Bauxite (t) 0 272 295 0 54 963 105 000 . 91.04

Gold (kg) 32 568 38 523 41 855 48 320 51 185 57.16 5.93

Silver (kg) 300 956 1 418 1 604 1 600 433.33 -0.25

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 3 989 4 012 4 121 3 969 2 368 -40.64 -40.34

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 2 171 2 229 2 373 2 557 2 728 25.66 6.69
Petroleum (t) 1 799 700 1 451 600 1 196 700 1 268 600 1 466 600 -18.51 15.61

Total (t) 4 019 133 4 057 555 3 506 103 3 768 723 4 261 363

Croatia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Bauxite (t) 14 342 14 084 14 448 17 749 14 660 2.22 -17.40

Gypsum (t) 199 255 221 629 285 966 278 581 288 960 45.02 3.73
Salt (t) 93 870 111 901 111 319 102 671 52 270 -44.32 -49.09

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 1 029 849 746 745 691 -32.85 -7.25
Petroleum (t) 677 200 593 700 565 700 548 000 533 900 -21.16 -2.57

Total (t) 1 807 867 1 620 514 1 574 233 1 543 001 1 442 590

Cuba
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 27 000 14 000 8 500 4 000 2 700 -90.00 -32.50

Cobalt (t) 3 800 3 900 3 800 3 600 3 200 -15.79 -11.11
Nickel (t) 45 000 46 000 44 000 43 000 37 500 -16.67 -12.79

Lead (t) 36 000 30 000 30 000 33 000 35 000 -2.78 6.06

Zinc (t) 57 830 57 730 44 500 51 700 66 100 14.30 27.85

Bentonite (t) 504 486 517 290 269 -46.63 -7.24

Feldspar (t) 2 100 14 100 17 800 5 900 17 300 723.81 193.22
Gypsum (t) 66 330 62 300 53 200 32 600 37 400 -43.62 14.72
Kaolin (t) 2 100 2 032 1 375 458 1 465 -30.24 219.87
Magnesite (t) 1 532 3 910 3 000 548 260 -83.03 -52.55
Phosphates (t) 0 460 410 320 0 . -100.00
Salt (t) 210 370 226 000 204 600 195 600 87 900 -58.22 -55.06
Sulfur (t) 317 000 311 200 278 900 289 200 260 000 -17.98 -10.10

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 951 895 863 844 955 0.42 13.15
Petroleum (t) 2 371 450 2 320 200 2 433 300 2 373 900 2 200 000 -7.23 -7.33

Total (t) 3 901 816 3 808 318 3 814 302 3 709 316 3 513 094

Abbreviations: see Definitions

214 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Cyprus
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Copper (t) 703 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Gold (kg) 33 61 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Silver (kg) 97 486 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Bentonite (t) 83 113 92 645 81 655 86 562 102 442 23.26 18.35
Gypsum (t) 623 545 646 340 661 175 688 270 690 909 10.80 0.38

Total (t) 707 361 738 985 742 830 774 832 793 351

Czechia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Bentonite (t) 357 000 226 000 198 000 167 000 196 000 -45.10 17.37
Diatomite (t) 43 000 46 000 18 000 44 000 38 000 -11.63 -13.64
Feldspar (t) 460 000 419 000 504 000 493 000 352 000 -23.48 -28.60
Gypsum (t) 10 000 17 000 17 000 20 000 11 000 10.00 -45.00
Kaolin (t) 3 446 000 3 069 000 3 454 000 3 009 000 2 402 000 -30.30 -20.17

Steam Coal (t) 1 335 497 841 188 739 460 1 293 831 1 375 256 2.98 6.29
Coking Coal (t) 2 309 833 1 296 137 1 734 896 816 254 637 091 -72.42 -21.95
Lignite (t) 37 465 000 29 505 000 29 278 000 33 397 365 28 660 000 -23.50 -14.18
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 146 173 153 165 119 -18.49 -27.88
Petroleum (t) 81 000 91 000 83 000 75 000 67 000 -17.28 -10.67
Uranium (t) 39 34 32 25 15 -61.54 -40.00

Total (t) 45 624 169 35 648 759 36 148 788 39 447 475 33 833 562

Denmark
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Bentonite (t) 48 197 40 054 20 281 24 128 18 962 -60.66 -21.41

Diatomite (t) 108 800 115 000 120 600 143 100 101 900 -6.34 -28.79
Salt (t) 600 000 600 000 600 000 600 000 600 000 0.00 0.00
Sulfur (t) 3 554 4 140 4 090 3 727 2 700 -24.03 -27.56

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 3 138 1 425 1 352 1 349 1 328 -57.68 -1.56
Petroleum (t) 5 017 234 3 556 000 3 277 800 3 212 000 2 922 014 -41.76 -9.03

Total (t) 8 288 185 5 455 194 5 104 371 5 062 155 4 707 976

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 215
Dominican Republic
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Nickel (t) 28 450 22 005 27 819 29 223 17 875 -37.17 -38.83

Bauxite (t) 7 551 9 475 71 517 91 813 0 -100.00 -100.00

Copper (t) 6 047 2 193 4 774 5 360 9 673 59.96 80.47
Zinc (t) 5 527 2 361 4 896 5 485 10 837 96.07 97.58

Gold (kg) 31 801 28 154 25 437 22 282 17 646 -44.51 -20.81

Silver (kg) 108 685 87 889 79 688 73 413 52 042 -52.12 -29.11

Feldspar (t) 1 000 0 0 0 2 100 110.00 .

Gypsum (t) 316 630 304 920 329 630 415 810 332 700 5.08 -19.99
Salt (t) 26 000 24 000 19 972 24 957 29 250 12.50 17.20

Total (t) 391 346 365 070 458 713 572 743 402 505

Ecuador
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Copper (t) 9 900 49 700 89 170 121 223 126 500 1 177.78 4.35

Gold (kg) 6 293 9 086 15 026 17 272 17 550 178.88 1.61

Silver (kg) 2 892 15 037 34 915 44 315 47 950 1 558.02 8.20

Baryte (t) 2 000 2 000 1 000 500 1 000 -50.00 100.00

Feldspar (t) 45 000 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 318 268 269 243 217 -31.76 -10.70
Petroleum (t) 26 442 000 23 932 000 23 543 000 23 944 300 23 661 400 -10.52 -1.18

Total (t) 26 753 309 24 198 124 23 848 420 24 260 484 23 962 566

Egypt
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 48 200 1 900 5 800 24 300 45 000 -6.64 85.19

Manganese (t) 7 900 5 300 8 000 5 000 1 000 -87.34 -80.00

Aluminium (t) 290 000 268 000 270 000 250 000 310 000 6.90 24.00

Gold (kg) 14 946 14 069 12 919 13 716 13 998 -6.34 2.06

Baryte (t) 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 0.00 0.00

Bentonite (t) 7 000 7 000 7 000 7 000 5 000 -28.57 -28.57
Feldspar (t) 230 000 200 000 200 000 200 000 200 000 -13.04 0.00
Fluorspar (t) 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 0.00 0.00
Gypsum (t) 800 000 800 000 800 000 800 000 800 000 0.00 0.00
Kaolin (t) 230 000 230 000 230 000 230 000 230 000 0.00 0.00
Phosphates (t) 979 620 885 100 898 400 1 084 900 1 100 000 12.29 1.39

Abbreviations: see Definitions

216 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Salt (t) 493 000 357 000 218 000 162 000 200 000 -59.43 23.46
Sulfur (t) 80 000 80 000 80 000 80 000 80 000 0.00 0.00
Talc (t) 22 000 20 000 15 000 20 000 20 000 -9.09 0.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 64 940 58 465 67 799 64 488 57 100 -12.07 -11.46
Petroleum (t) 31 812 000 31 066 370 29 601 360 29 925 100 29 820 890 -6.26 -0.35

Total (t) 86 956 735 80 697 684 86 577 773 84 383 714 78 496 904

El Salvador
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Salt (t) 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000

Equatorial Guinea
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 6 235 6 023 7 047 8 105 7 103 13.92 -12.36
Petroleum (t) 7 172 620 7 154 290 5 919 365 5 379 570 3 998 830 -44.25 -25.67

Total (t) 12 160 620 11 972 690 11 556 965 11 863 570 9 681 230

Eritrea
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Copper (t) 16 008 21 725 20 224 17 098 17 595 9.91 2.91

Zinc (t) 121 260 121 930 129 641 120 529 116 829 -3.65 -3.07

Gold (kg) 2 443 3 019 2 140 3 200 2 550 4.38 -20.31

Silver (kg) 44 836 65 284 68 624 49 855 48 532 8.24 -2.65

Gypsum (t) 18 000 18 000 26 000 26 000 26 000 44.44 0.00

Salt (t) 310 000 320 000 320 000 320 000 320 000 3.23 0.00

Total (t) 465 315 481 723 495 936 483 680 480 476

Estonia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Oil Shales (t) 15 697 400 12 144 400 11 743 000 13 967 000 13 362 000 -14.88 -4.33

Total (t) 15 697 400 12 144 400 11 743 000 13 967 000 13 362 000

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 217
Eswatini
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 6 1 0 4 23 283.33 475.00

Steam Coal (t) 109 926 161 768 162 681 215 581 393 328 257.81 82.45

Total (t) 109 926 161 768 162 681 215 581 393 328

Ethiopia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 500 200 700 400 200 -60.00 -50.00

Niobium (t) 14 11 18 25 35 150.00 40.00
Tantalum (t) 50 41 64 90 120 140.00 33.33

Gold (kg) 2 800 7 500 9 600 5 900 3 500 25.00 -40.68

Silver (kg) 800 1 000 1 000 800 600 -25.00 -25.00

Diatomite (t) 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 0.00 0.00

Gypsum (t) 56 313 107 070 110 000 110 000 110 000 95.34 0.00
Kaolin (t) 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 0.00 0.00
Salt (t) 125 000 125 000 125 000 250 000 250 000 100.00 0.00

Total (t) 187 881 238 331 241 793 366 522 366 360

Fiji
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 35 900 35 200 49 400 28 800 27 300 -23.96 -5.21

Gold (kg) 1 106 1 090 1 107 584 545 -50.72 -6.68

Silver (kg) 692 479 622 475 607 -12.28 27.79

Total (t) 35 902 35 201 49 402 28 801 27 302

Finland
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 491 930 470 620 472 890 391 410 376 390 -23.49 -3.84
Cobalt (t) 1 454 1 559 1 084 1 235 1 057 -27.30 -14.41
Nickel (t) 38 530 41 429 42 163 44 921 41 941 8.85 -6.63

Copper (t) 32 861 36 278 32 384 27 637 20 132 -38.74 -27.16

Lead (t) 937 1 532 1 494 1 535 910 -2.88 -40.72
Selenium (t) 115 84 100 130 122 6.09 -6.15
Zinc (t) 69 800 61 213 59 080 62 433 58 387 -16.35 -6.48

Abbreviations: see Definitions

218 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Gold (kg) 7 927 8 668 9 082 8 390 8 804 11.06 4.93
Palladium (kg) 699 858 1 036 960 762 9.01 -20.63
Platinum (kg) 953 1 277 1 447 1 243 933 -2.10 -24.94
Silver (kg) 40 461 54 833 45 338 35 182 43 915 8.54 24.82

Feldspar (t) 17 997 16 137 52 706 63 034 55 211 206.78 -12.41

Magnesite (t) 37 002 136 167 179 781 324 226 298 025 705.43 -8.08
Phosphates (t) 363 020 363 200 363 720 341 600 330 710 -8.90 -3.19
Sulfur (t) 811 600 794 900 737 600 696 800 693 600 -14.54 -0.46
Talc (t) 329 891 278 331 296 833 241 538 197 116 -40.25 -18.39

Total (t) 2 195 187 2 201 516 2 239 891 2 196 544 2 073 656

France
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 401 850 417 000 438 942 388 589 356 717 -11.23 -8.20
Bauxite (t) 120 760 123 496 142 764 118 000 120 000 -0.63 1.69
Indium (t) 38 40 38 19 21 -44.74 10.53

Bentonite (t) 36 000 36 000 36 000 176 628 180 000 400.00 1.91
Diatomite (t) 90 000 90 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 -44.44 0.00
Feldspar (t) 500 000 500 000 500 000 450 000 450 000 -10.00 0.00
Gypsum (t) 3 259 935 1 891 190 2 108 258 2 410 284 1 808 560 -44.52 -24.96
Kaolin (t) 392 389 231 579 289 057 310 251 268 828 -31.49 -13.35
Salt (t) 5 160 260 5 200 596 5 543 448 5 621 754 4 373 125 -15.25 -22.21
Sulfur (t) 500 000 450 000 450 000 450 000 400 000 -20.00 -11.11
Talc (t) 400 000 400 000 350 000 350 000 350 000 -12.50 0.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 16 17 22 20 18 12.50 -10.00

Oil Shales (t) 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 0.00 0.00
Petroleum (t) 719 800 649 675 647 080 595 335 586 020 -18.59 -1.56

Total (t) 11 595 832 10 005 176 10 575 187 10 938 860 8 959 671

French Guiana
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 1 157 1 058 1 225 935 1 110 -4.06 18.72

Total (t) 1 1 1 1 1

Gabon
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 0 6 800 . .

Manganese (t) 3 158 100 3 709 100 4 228 900 4 522 700 4 386 300 38.89 -3.02

Gold (kg) 107 55 1 106 1 063 1 276 1 092.52 20.04

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 219
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 464 502 454 418 400 -13.79 -4.31
Petroleum (t) 10 848 000 10 766 000 10 038 600 10 367 900 11 160 000 2.88 7.64

Total (t) 14 377 300 14 876 700 14 630 701 15 225 001 15 873 101

Georgia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Manganese (t) 170 600 202 400 226 500 160 000 212 300 24.44 32.69

Copper (t) 9 500 8 000 8 130 6 400 4 395 -53.74 -31.33

Gold (kg) 4 052 5 401 3 513 4 908 5 000 23.40 1.87

Silver (kg) 4 100 11 200 12 700 22 400 24 000 485.37 7.14

Bentonite (t) 27 872 12 750 16 315 22 955 34 600 24.14 50.73

Gypsum (t) 137 831 87 655 79 515 22 028 57 600 -58.21 161.49
Perlite (t) 21 000 31 736 31 572 51 829 64 000 204.76 23.48

Steam Coal (t) 15 300 99 300 147 900 146 347 148 029 867.51 1.15
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 10 9 16 15 16 60.00 6.67
Petroleum (t) 35 100 31 300 35 500 36 600 38 900 10.83 6.28

Total (t) 425 211 480 357 558 249 458 186 572 653

Germany
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 94 100 95 500 87 500 86 000 85 400 -9.25 -0.70

Aluminium (t) 507 934 529 056 509 193 341 212 189 471 -62.70 -44.47
Cadmium (t) 620 500 450 300 112 -81.94 -62.67
Copper (t) 40 37 60 67 71 77.50 5.97
Selenium (t) 300 300 300 300 300 0.00 0.00

Gold (kg) 15 10 12 14 14 -6.67 0.00

Silver (kg) 4 000 4 000 6 000 7 000 7 000 75.00 0.00

Baryte (t) 30 474 26 656 27 921 24 128 16 434 -46.07 -31.89

Bentonite (t) 366 000 333 000 363 000 331 000 285 000 -22.13 -13.90
Diatomite (t) 53 802 51 511 58 519 50 321 44 439 -17.40 -11.69
Feldspar (t) 235 289 221 527 223 007 205 330 180 994 -23.08 -11.85
Fluorspar (t) 79 959 64 933 56 632 61 563 35 508 -55.59 -42.32
Graphite (t) 207 108 181 185 136 -34.30 -26.49
Gypsum (t) 4 850 000 5 200 000 6 260 000 5 820 000 4 730 000 -2.47 -18.73
Kaolin (t) 4 760 000 4 969 000 5 291 000 4 594 000 3 523 000 -25.99 -23.31
Potash (t) 2 615 284 2 874 026 2 793 326 2 708 650 2 536 308 -3.02 -6.36
Salt (t) 16 627 893 14 226 154 17 668 366 15 073 463 13 486 651 -18.89 -10.53
Sulfur (t) 460 012 353 293 382 049 370 664 276 876 -39.81 -25.30

Abbreviations: see Definitions

220 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Lignite (t) 131 314 000 107 377 260 126 256 594 130 801 111 102 127 890 -22.23 -21.92
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 6 699 5 692 5 731 5 281 4 620 -31.03 -12.52
Oil Shales (t) 487 012 471 404 442 886 415 916 429 483 -11.81 3.26
Petroleum (t) 1 923 232 1 895 942 1 805 932 1 699 014 1 635 331 -14.97 -3.75
Uranium (t) 28 8 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Total (t) 169 765 390 143 243 819 166 811 722 166 808 031 133 279 411

Ghana
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Manganese (t) 1 507 200 660 100 934 200 919 800 870 500 -42.24 -5.36

Aluminium (t) 43 908 37 566 39 239 55 592 48 314 10.03 -13.09

Bauxite (t) 1 116 334 1 162 086 839 465 773 213 959 601 -14.04 24.11

Gold (kg) 142 371 125 114 87 721 115 937 125 611 -11.77 8.34
Silver (kg) 4 000 3 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 -75.00 0.00

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 27 030 20 230 43 340 61 690 152 070 462.60 146.51
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 6 760 5 060 10 835 20 560 50 690 649.85 146.55
Salt (t) 300 000 330 000 300 000 300 000 150 000 -50.00 -50.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 1 550 2 660 3 020 3 300 3 220 107.74 -2.42
Petroleum (t) 10 205 700 9 561 000 7 864 300 7 393 900 6 892 400 -32.47 -6.78

Total (t) 14 413 288 13 878 880 12 393 293 12 082 622 11 496 942

Greece
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 12 080 790 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Nickel (t) 17 240 9 270 4 770 1 700 0 -100.00 -100.00

Aluminium (t) 186 903 181 708 183 775 186 448 183 361 -1.90 -1.66
Bauxite (t) 1 379 123 1 428 631 1 227 487 1 173 319 974 938 -29.31 -16.91
Lead (t) 14 818 19 717 16 773 10 100 15 220 2.71 50.69
Zinc (t) 22 322 28 090 22 621 10 502 16 600 -25.63 58.07

Gold (kg) 2 333 2 177 3 315 1 752 2 088 -10.50 19.18

Silver (kg) 37 790 51 111 44 086 32 870 42 988 13.75 30.78

Bentonite (t) 1 393 958 979 329 1 253 789 1 106 201 1 166 920 -16.29 5.49
Gypsum (t) 589 012 622 834 647 164 656 296 746 656 26.76 13.77
Magnesite (t) 358 841 335 943 393 715 393 287 135 363 -62.28 -65.58
Perlite (t) 718 077 821 233 1 053 019 839 108 842 376 17.31 0.39
Salt (t) 201 107 201 000 210 000 220 000 220 000 9.39 0.00
Sulfur (t) 260 000 210 000 250 000 250 000 230 000 -11.54 -8.00

Lignite (t) 27 383 575 13 866 637 12 427 717 14 340 293 10 611 290 -61.25 -26.00
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 9 6 4 0 2 -77.78 .
Petroleum (t) 164 905 89 715 57 570 0 50 110 -69.61 .

Total (t) 32 709 201 18 799 750 17 751 647 19 187 289 15 194 479

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 221
Guatemala
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 30 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Nickel (t) 44 600 57 600 61 400 52 600 20 300 -54.48 -61.41

Antimony (t) 150 50 0 12 25 -83.33 108.33

Lead (t) 377 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Baryte (t) 50 50 100 20 0 -100.00 -100.00

Bentonite (t) 12 700 6 000 7 378 7 400 7 400 -41.73 0.00
Feldspar (t) 28 771 25 578 34 232 30 000 20 000 -30.49 -33.33
Gypsum (t) 140 901 423 281 138 552 206 143 240 109 70.41 16.48
Kaolin (t) 700 402 295 300 300 -57.14 0.00
Magnesite (t) 4 500 6 000 14 100 10 000 10 000 122.22 0.00
Talc (t) 10 3 151 2 111 1 450 1 370 13 600.00 -5.52

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 0 72 72 68 . -5.56

Petroleum (t) 478 200 389 000 355 500 349 200 287 600 -39.86 -17.64

Total (t) 710 989 911 112 671 268 714 725 641 504

Guinea
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 0 418 800 1 140 800 197 900 0 . -100.00

Bauxite (t) 70 173 326 87 766 199 87 438 557 103 525 513 123 067 415 75.38 18.88

Gold (kg) 27 708 91 798 102 046 86 236 75 599 172.84 -12.33

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 171 880 96 430 204 990 160 000 90 040 -47.61 -43.73
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 57 300 32 145 68 330 53 330 30 000 -47.64 -43.75

Total (t) 70 173 354 88 185 091 88 579 459 103 723 499 123 067 491

Guyana
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Manganese (t) 105 800 119 520 . 12.97

Bauxite (t) 1 919 747 608 168 618 452 705 631 523 742 -72.72 -25.78

Gold (kg) 19 963 18 209 15 522 15 129 13 440 -32.68 -11.16

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 54 990 19 240 45 106 83 614 72 301 31.48 -13.53

Petroleum (t) 58 280 3 709 780 5 820 870 13 832 300 19 478 600 33 322.44 40.82

Total (t) 1 978 047 4 317 966 6 439 338 14 643 746 20 121 875

Abbreviations: see Definitions

222 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Honduras
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Antimony (t) 15 10 120 0 0 -100.00 .

Lead (t) 12 308 13 400 14 000 12 400 12 300 -0.06 -0.81
Zinc (t) 29 454 30 200 32 300 28 200 30 000 1.85 6.38

Gold (kg) 3 035 1 963 2 824 1 911 2 051 -32.42 7.33

Silver (kg) 45 174 40 400 37 495 30 000 32 000 -29.16 6.67

Gypsum (t) 34 964 45 254 45 000 75 000 75 000 114.51 0.00

Salt (t) 49 900 61 200 63 500 60 000 65 000 30.26 8.33

Total (t) 126 689 150 106 154 960 175 632 182 334

Hungary
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Bentonite (t) 41 500 42 000 42 000 38 501 38 000 -8.43 -1.30

Perlite (t) 43 900 44 000 60 000 85 505 80 000 82.23 -6.44

Lignite (t) 6 847 230 6 125 178 4 987 686 4 928 004 4 072 289 -40.53 -17.36
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 1 716 1 708 1 526 1 549 1 640 -4.43 5.87
Petroleum (t) 1 160 000 1 030 000 1 087 000 1 080 000 1 129 000 -2.67 4.54

Total (t) 9 465 430 8 607 578 7 397 486 7 371 210 6 631 289

Iceland
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 682 616 691 989 695 857 730 394 752 904 10.30 3.08

Salt (t) 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 687 616 696 989 700 857 735 394 757 904

India
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 151 827 100 126 231 200 152 055 800 154 020 500 170 340 800 12.19 10.60
Chromium (t) 1 832 600 1 273 300 1 926 900 1 572 300 1 511 800 -17.51 -3.85
Manganese (t) 919 640 838 800 910 700 879 900 1 035 700 12.62 17.71
Titanium (t) 205 200 205 500 227 500 154 000 150 000 -26.90 -2.60
Vanadium (t) 76 100 100 50 50 -34.21 0.00

Aluminium (t) 3 635 089 3 619 237 3 994 500 4 043 800 4 126 500 13.52 2.05
Bauxite (t) 21 825 227 20 380 548 22 135 961 23 844 406 23 360 795 7.04 -2.03
Copper (t) 28 585 25 260 26 580 23 949 25 717 -10.03 7.38
Lead (t) 197 080 216 280 224 140 218 610 226 400 14.88 3.56
Rare Earths (t) 2 520 2 500 2 000 2 600 2 600 3.17 0.00

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 223
Selenium (t) 17 20 20 20 20 17.65 0.00
Tin (t) 12 13 14 36 23 91.67 -36.11
Zinc (t) 719 220 756 090 788 400 836 100 853 400 18.66 2.07

Gold (kg) 1 742 1 127 1 375 1 359 1 428 -18.03 5.08

Silver (kg) 609 340 705 795 697 412 684 184 738 664 21.22 7.96

Baryte (t) 2 739 035 2 500 000 2 500 000 2 000 000 2 400 000 -12.38 20.00
Bentonite (t) 3 605 000 3 740 000 3 550 000 3 500 000 3 500 000 -2.91 0.00
Diam. (Gem) (ct) 10 301 5 010 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 18 515 8 910 277 421 55 -99.70 -86.94
Feldspar (t) 6 172 997 4 820 000 6 430 000 6 000 000 6 000 000 -2.80 0.00
Fluorspar (t) 1 315 1 052 1 422 987 6 296 378.78 537.89
Graphite (t) 34 674 35 386 41 983 91 017 128 947 271.88 41.67
Gypsum (t) 3 006 046 6 788 200 3 547 250 4 000 000 4 000 000 33.07 0.00
Kaolin (t) 8 000 000 8 000 000 8 000 000 8 400 000 8 400 000 5.00 0.00
Magnesite (t) 102 554 74 661 110 023 112 891 123 207 20.14 9.14
Phosphates (t) 332 940 339 200 317 200 413 900 383 400 15.16 -7.37
Salt (t) 28 058 400 26 564 400 26 600 100 39 114 000 34 000 000 21.18 -13.07
Sulfur (t) 3 900 950 3 750 000 3 681 000 3 725 000 3 881 000 -0.51 4.19
Talc (t) 1 748 963 1 720 000 1 575 000 1 630 000 1 450 000 -17.09 -11.04
Vermiculite (t) 2 774 1 260 3 485 2 091 1 537 -44.59 -26.49
Zircon (t) 15 600 16 000 16 000 16 000 15 000 -3.85 -6.25

Steam Coal (t) 677 938 000 671 296 000 726 508 000 832 432 000 931 005 000 37.33 11.84
Coking Coal (t) 52 936 000 44 787 000 51 702 000 60 759 000 66 821 000 26.23 9.98
Lignite (t) 42 096 000 37 895 000 44 794 000 46 728 000 42 257 000 0.38 -9.57
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 31 151 27 572 32 362 33 362 35 081 12.62 5.15
Petroleum (t) 32 169 270 30 494 090 29 891 000 29 391 000 29 117 000 -9.49 -0.93
Uranium (t) 363 472 708 708 708 95.04 0.00

Total (t) 1 068 974 658 1 018 429 876 1 117 452 084 1 250 603 150 1 363 189 440

Indonesia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 1 379 300 2 951 100 3 300 000 3 000 000 800 000 -42.00 -73.33
Cobalt (t) 350 1 000 2 100 9 600 18 200 5 100.00 89.58
Manganese (t) 24 000 23 500 40 000 0 0 -100.00 .
Nickel (t) 1 036 200 816 700 1 173 200 1 593 400 2 028 800 95.79 27.33

Aluminium (t) 233 457 220 089 200 577 223 774 214 930 -7.94 -3.95
Bauxite (t) 16 592 740 25 859 895 25 781 187 28 808 674 9 889 569 -40.40 -65.67
Copper (t) 351 220 505 650 731 060 940 770 907 210 158.30 -3.57
Lead (t) 9 450 7 090 6 735 4 800 6 415 -32.12 33.65
Tin (t) 76 390 52 617 34 466 56 093 50 669 -33.67 -9.67
Zinc (t) 25 215 20 390 14 780 11 375 10 410 -58.72 -8.48

Gold (kg) 108 900 66 190 72 660 97 140 94 610 -13.12 -2.60
Silver (kg) 487 400 338 100 295 920 298 650 281 060 -42.33 -5.89

Feldspar (t) 480 800 287 400 313 200 325 700 445 800 -7.28 36.87
Kaolin (t) 2 754 600 1 636 000 1 568 000 975 300 1 609 600 -41.57 65.04
Salt (t) 2 852 125 1 365 711 879 986 635 865 2 214 766 -22.35 248.31
Sulfur (t) 500 000 500 000 500 000 500 000 500 000 0.00 0.00
Zircon (t) 73 100 77 200 54 630 97 400 95 300 30.37 -2.16

Abbreviations: see Definitions

224 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Steam Coal (t) 594 796 500 561 979 800 564 815 600 682 102 100 769 103 900 29.31 12.75
Coking Coal (t) 5 752 018 4 800 000 6 000 000 6 078 000 6 078 000 5.67 0.00
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 67 160 69 080 68 910 67 100 68 530 2.04 2.13
Petroleum (t) 37 104 200 35 367 913 32 786 100 30 489 800 30 156 500 -18.72 -1.09

Total (t) 717 770 261 691 736 459 693 329 990 809 533 047 878 954 445

Iran
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 28 305 000 33 660 000 34 980 000 36 874 200 37 544 000 32.64 1.82
Chromium (t) 104 400 103 340 85 620 130 440 85 420 -18.18 -34.51
Manganese (t) 50 240 63 580 93 940 65 800 90 260 79.66 37.17
Molybdenum (t) 4 160 3 536 4 150 5 980 7 900 89.90 32.11
Titanium (t) 4 880 5 000 6 860 19 570 20 100 311.89 2.71

Aluminium (t) 258 166 424 475 543 715 614 980 614 972 138.21 0.00
Antimony (t) 330 1 065 1 960 3 890 1 555 371.21 -60.03
Bauxite (t) 828 788 1 042 325 883 950 955 528 871 073 5.10 -8.84
Copper (t) 314 143 313 323 313 612 314 995 315 280 0.36 0.09
Lead (t) 72 500 81 800 74 100 105 500 103 100 42.21 -2.27
Zinc (t) 209 900 215 200 195 100 228 700 215 900 2.86 -5.60

Gold (kg) 8 140 6 919 6 990 7 472 8 674 6.56 16.09

Silver (kg) 80 870 84 000 84 000 87 100 87 100 7.70 0.00

Baryte (t) 247 207 285 756 297 469 224 626 389 429 57.53 73.37
Bentonite (t) 761 079 714 684 1 153 283 1 341 023 1 960 421 157.58 46.19
Boron (t) 2 026 1 495 2 000 2 735 13 250 554.00 384.46
Diatomite (t) 600 170 5 550 0 1 800 200.00 .
Feldspar (t) 2 415 368 1 910 505 2 803 515 3 094 356 3 860 951 59.85 24.77
Fluorspar (t) 54 824 116 159 65 000 62 005 39 321 -28.28 -36.58
Gypsum (t) 14 750 093 15 124 823 14 322 761 18 406 880 18 895 228 28.10 2.65
Kaolin (t) 1 813 395 1 923 895 1 348 232 2 600 110 3 026 428 66.89 16.40
Magnesite (t) 147 760 256 124 248 376 210 513 218 152 47.64 3.63
Perlite (t) 31 828 52 750 77 024 6 709 69 670 118.90 938.46
Phosphates (t) 102 230 105 000 83 900 95 430 80 790 -20.97 -15.34
Potash (t) 37 200 37 000 40 000 40 000 50 000 34.41 25.00
Salt (t) 2 639 192 3 200 232 3 083 719 3 877 712 4 177 958 58.30 7.74
Sulfur (t) 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 864 275 -60.71 -56.79
Talc (t) 49 650 61 665 74 537 93 535 132 673 167.22 41.84

Steam Coal (t) 485 000 450 000 318 200 364 200 386 400 -20.33 6.10
Coking Coal (t) 1 600 000 1 423 900 980 000 1 909 050 1 155 650 -27.77 -39.46
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 241 730 248 500 258 850 259 890 266 250 10.14 2.45
Petroleum (t) 161 695 630 147 675 410 172 187 420 180 244 050 214 298 210 32.53 18.89

Total (t) 412 569 678 410 253 303 443 354 084 461 804 611 502 490 262

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 225
Iraq
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 1 000 000 1 000 000 1 000 000 1 100 000 1 100 000 10.00 0.00
Phosphates (t) 300 000 300 000 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Salt (t) 270 000 300 000 57 602 60 000 200 000 -25.93 233.33
Sulfur (t) 40 000 40 000 179 600 180 000 180 000 350.00 0.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 10 967 7 005 9 107 9 289 9 930 -9.46 6.90
Petroleum (t) 234 220 100 202 037 850 200 829 370 221 310 150 213 040 760 -9.04 -3.74

Total (t) 244 603 700 209 281 850 209 352 172 230 081 350 222 464 760

Ireland
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Lead (t) 16 053 14 401 13 192 14 181 7 019 -56.28 -50.50

Zinc (t) 122 463 127 008 112 249 103 264 53 327 -56.45 -48.36

Silver (kg) 1 578 918 1 342 2 750 998 -36.76 -63.71

Gypsum (t) 200 000 150 000 110 000 110 000 110 000 -45.00 0.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 2 390 1 840 1 400 1 290 1 040 -56.49 -19.38

Total (t) 2 250 518 1 763 410 1 355 442 1 259 448 1 002 347

Israel
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 72 000 0 35 740 49 062 88 124 22.39 79.62

Phosphates (t) 898 200 988 800 777 900 694 400 738 900 -17.74 6.41
Potash (t) 2 043 500 2 415 600 2 379 000 2 446 710 2 341 050 14.56 -4.32
Salt (t) 301 000 275 200 262 350 297 860 264 691 -12.06 -11.14

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 9 035 13 305 16 623 18 910 21 285 135.58 12.56
Oil Shales (t) 402 882 392 990 430 840 254 425 0 -100.00 -100.00
Petroleum (t) 84 020 130 427 164 765 187 443 459 211 446.55 144.99

Total (t) 11 029 602 14 847 017 17 348 995 19 057 900 20 919 976

Italy
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Bentonite (t) 82 720 65 989 32 252 102 264 394 391 376.78 285.66
Feldspar (t) 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 200 000 2 200 000 0.00 0.00
Gypsum (t) 298 242 163 749 0 847 447 418 061 40.18 -50.67
Kaolin (t) 250 000 200 000 180 000 200 000 177 221 -29.11 -11.39

Abbreviations: see Definitions

226 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Salt (t) 1 538 072 1 192 956 1 500 458 1 460 833 1 044 156 -32.11 -28.52
Sulfur (t) 1 261 100 458 700 613 100 745 200 303 600 -75.93 -59.26
Talc (t) 160 000 165 000 165 000 180 000 164 000 2.50 -8.89

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 4 852 4 117 3 343 3 316 2 988 -38.42 -9.89
Petroleum (t) 4 279 000 5 393 780 4 840 300 4 459 045 4 241 523 -0.88 -4.88

Total (t) 13 950 734 13 133 774 12 205 510 12 847 589 11 333 352

Jamaica
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Bauxite (t) 9 022 286 7 546 139 5 949 600 4 364 700 5 988 100 -33.63 37.19

Gypsum (t) 55 000 65 800 65 600 84 500 70 500 28.18 -16.57

Salt (t) 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 9 087 286 7 621 939 6 025 200 4 459 200 6 068 600

Japan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Arsenic (t) 45 40 40 40 40 -11.11 0.00

Bismuth (t) 540 570 478 480 500 -7.41 4.17
Cadmium (t) 1 783 1 880 1 900 1 800 1 750 -1.85 -2.78
Gallium (t) 3 3 3 3 3 0.00 0.00
Germanium (t) 2 2 2 2 2 0.00 0.00
Indium (t) 70 66 66 66 65 -7.14 -1.52
Selenium (t) 740 740 720 710 680 -8.11 -4.23
Tellurium (t) 50 70 68 68 65 30.00 -4.41

Gold (kg) 6 313 7 590 6 225 4 886 4 139 -34.44 -15.29

Silver (kg) 3 467 4 192 3 339 2 923 2 604 -24.89 -10.91

Bentonite (t) 250 000 250 000 250 000 176 628 180 000 -28.00 1.91
Kaolin (t) 12 000 12 000 12 000 12 000 12 000 0.00 0.00
Salt (t) 903 000 874 000 855 000 897 000 792 000 -12.29 -11.71
Sulfur (t) 3 259 000 3 140 500 2 995 100 3 197 900 3 017 400 -7.41 -5.64
Talc (t) 160 000 116 000 135 000 140 000 140 000 -12.50 0.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 2 524 2 295 2 305 2 148 2 019 -20.01 -6.01
Petroleum (t) 470 200 461 000 441 200 378 700 355 600 -24.37 -6.10

Total (t) 7 076 642 6 692 883 6 535 586 6 523 805 6 115 312

Jordan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 264 724 184 917 399 968 400 000 400 000 51.10 0.00
Kaolin (t) 11 000 11 000 11 000 11 000 11 000 0.00 0.00
Phosphates (t) 2 951 470 2 860 140 3 204 880 3 602 500 3 665 250 24.18 1.74
Potash (t) 1 516 460 1 598 200 1 563 430 1 637 240 1 695 800 11.83 3.58

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 227
Salt (t) 36 850 39 088 42 359 40 000 40 000 8.55 0.00
Sulfur (t) 255 060 282 200 316 540 321 440 300 840 17.95 -6.41

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 99 150 184 152 174 75.76 14.47
Oil Shales (t) 0 1 180 000 8 450 000 . 616.10
Petroleum (t) 1 600 2 500 14 300 12 900 6 000 275.00 -53.49

Total (t) 5 116 364 5 098 045 5 699 677 7 326 680 14 708 090

Kazakhstan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 14 278 750 15 105 100 15 966 300 12 567 100 11 893 635 -16.70 -5.36
Chromium (t) 2 458 800 1 977 900 1 901 500 1 833 900 1 803 200 -26.66 -1.67
Manganese (t) 230 700 164 300 129 800 136 600 138 500 -39.97 1.39
Molybdenum (t) 258 384 880 2 089 3 727 1 344.57 78.41
Titanium (t) 60 000 28 000 20 000 22 000 13 000 -78.33 -40.91

Aluminium (t) 264 895 265 665 262 361 249 141 260 877 -1.52 4.71
Antimony (t) 0 400 450 467 400 . -14.35
Bauxite (t) 4 118 400 4 057 800 4 370 100 4 175 900 4 559 900 10.72 9.20
Bismuth (t) 200 270 250 101 100 -50.00 -0.99
Cadmium (t) 1 200 1 500 1 500 1 000 1 200 0.00 20.00
Copper (t) 604 970 548 760 511 940 594 050 614 416 1.56 3.43
Lead (t) 55 700 30 200 29 900 30 000 45 900 -17.59 53.00
Rhenium (kg) 1 000 1 000 1 000 800 800 -20.00 0.00
Selenium (t) 10 0 0 0 60 500.00 .
Zinc (t) 321 900 341 400 318 400 315 100 352 900 9.63 12.00

Gold (kg) 106 559 116 964 114 843 129 794 131 204 23.13 1.09
Silver (kg) 1 022 068 1 035 181 1 004 789 1 013 070 894 807 -12.45 -11.67

Asbestos (t) 210 700 227 400 250 100 250 200 255 300 21.17 2.04
Baryte (t) 530 600 445 300 1 016 500 650 000 650 000 22.50 0.00
Bentonite (t) 52 000 59 200 60 000 60 000 65 000 25.00 8.33
Boron (t) 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 0 -100.00 -100.00
Gypsum (t) 78 200 94 500 184 700 233 100 149 600 91.30 -35.82
Phosphates (t) 388 540 456 010 426 330 428 040 511 120 31.55 19.41
Salt (t) 1 094 659 1 237 455 1 231 996 1 678 469 1 859 206 69.84 10.77
Sulfur (t) 3 834 100 4 378 900 4 587 200 4 310 200 4 742 700 23.70 10.03

Steam Coal (t) 98 593 000 97 924 100 102 638 500 104 500 100 104 621 500 6.11 0.12
Coking Coal (t) 10 478 500 10 052 900 8 752 200 7 627 000 6 819 900 -34.92 -10.58
Lignite (t) 5 929 100 5 422 100 4 827 800 5 664 100 4 982 500 -15.97 -12.03
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 33 100 32 810 26 747 27 011 28 769 -13.08 6.51
Petroleum (t) 90 555 500 85 656 100 85 879 400 84 236 900 89 979 600 -0.64 6.82
Uranium (t) 26 895 22 967 25 729 25 031 24 895 -7.44 -0.54

Total (t) 260 678 707 254 777 764 254 822 557 251 230 532 257 365 363

Abbreviations: see Definitions

228 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Kenya
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Manganese (t) 16 600 13 600 28 500 61 200 44 100 165.66 -27.94

Titanium (t) 262 660 256 410 254 210 275 290 169 980 -35.29 -38.25

Gold (kg) 395 150 292 564 410 3.80 -27.30

Diatomite (t) 921 928 763 1 401 770 -16.40 -45.04

Gypsum (t) 5 700 5 700 6 000 6 000 6 000 5.26 0.00
Kaolin (t) 1 000 800 900 1 900 500 -50.00 -73.68
Salt (t) 13 728 4 703 7 099 23 215 55 091 301.30 137.31
Talc (t) 0 949 . .
Vermiculite (t) 100 0 700 300 600 500.00 100.00
Zircon (t) 30 440 31 730 28 933 29 715 21 153 -30.51 -28.81

Petroleum (t) 32 400 41 000 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Total (t) 363 549 354 871 327 105 399 022 299 143

Korea, North
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 1 796 400 1 640 800 1 684 000 1 647 800 1 733 600 -3.50 5.21
Molybdenum (t) 530 100 100 620 350 -33.96 -43.55
Tungsten (t) 1 130 410 50 1 520 1 600 41.59 5.26

Cadmium (t) 150 150 150 150 150 0.00 0.00

Copper (t) 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 0.00 0.00
Lead (t) 25 000 24 000 25 000 25 000 25 000 0.00 0.00
Zinc (t) 25 700 25 000 28 000 28 000 28 000 8.95 0.00

Gold (kg) 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 0.00 0.00

Silver (kg) 50 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 0.00 0.00

Baryte (t) 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 0.00 0.00

Fluorspar (t) 6 900 6 900 6 000 6 000 6 000 -13.04 0.00
Graphite (t) 45 000 45 000 30 000 20 000 20 000 -55.56 0.00
Magnesite (t) 100 000 100 000 80 000 80 000 80 000 -20.00 0.00
Salt (t) 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 0.00 0.00
Sulfur (t) 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 0.00 0.00

Steam Coal (t) 20 210 000 19 000 000 15 600 000 16 300 000 17 100 000 -15.39 4.91

Total (t) 22 326 870 20 958 420 17 569 360 18 225 150 19 110 760

Korea, South
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 205 410 345 140 323 140 260 400 302 190 47.12 16.05
Molybdenum (t) 266 411 408 366 339 27.44 -7.38
Titanium (t) 162 790 158 340 177 420 152 250 110 120 -32.35 -27.67

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 229
Cadmium (t) 3 950 4 100 4 000 4 000 4 500 13.92 12.50
Gallium (t) 2 2 2 2 3 50.00 50.00
Indium (t) 225 210 190 180 180 -20.00 0.00
Lead (t) 1 930 1 680 1 530 970 240 -87.56 -75.26
Zinc (t) 4 110 4 250 4 370 3 960 810 -80.29 -79.55

Gold (kg) 181 170 162 128 43 -76.24 -66.41

Silver (kg) 5 245 7 203 10 001 7 100 2 322 -55.73 -67.30

Bentonite (t) 43 886 5 314 34 243 341 335 8 000 -81.77 -97.66
Diatomite (t) 40 910 65 240 49 616 49 097 120 941 195.63 146.33
Feldspar (t) 396 898 415 426 987 309 851 046 990 546 149.57 16.39
Graphite (t) 302 3 052 18 297 23 798 9 615 3 083.77 -59.60
Kaolin (t) 317 626 393 236 352 003 426 960 332 179 4.58 -22.20
Salt (t) 261 970 176 247 280 876 260 616 242 050 -7.60 -7.12
Sulfur (t) 2 000 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 0.00 0.00
Talc (t) 330 250 315 446 355 104 322 830 306 929 -7.06 -4.93

Steam Coal (t) 1 084 000 1 019 000 897 900 820 181 645 949 -40.41 -21.24
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 248 177 53 0 0 -100.00 .
Petroleum (t) 21 130 13 990 4 800 2 320 0 -100.00 -100.00

Total (t) 5 074 060 5 062 691 5 533 618 5 520 318 5 074 593

Kosovo
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Nickel (t) 3 360 4 150 4 735 300 10 -99.70 -96.67

Lead (t) 3 960 3 870 5 250 4 734 3 850 -2.78 -18.67

Zinc (t) 3 050 3 890 3 620 4 108 2 810 -7.87 -31.60

Lignite (t) 8 063 051 8 537 948 8 535 436 8 253 435 6 923 659 -14.13 -16.11

Total (t) 8 073 421 8 549 858 8 549 041 8 262 577 6 930 329

Kuwait
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Salt (t) 58 600 59 000 60 000 60 000 60 000 2.39 0.00

Sulfur (t) 623 300 649 800 959 000 1 268 500 1 138 900 82.72 -10.22

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 17 516 16 531 15 934 16 818 18 735 6.96 11.40
Petroleum (t) 147 756 600 134 310 600 134 410 200 148 702 800 144 868 200 -1.95 -2.58

Total (t) 162 451 300 148 244 200 148 176 400 163 485 700 161 055 100

Abbreviations: see Definitions

230 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Kyrgyzstan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Antimony (t) 20 20 0 23 85 325.00 269.57

Copper (t) 8 640 6 500 8 100 7 500 6 950 -19.56 -7.33
Mercury (t) 20 20 12 5 6 -70.00 20.00

Gold (kg) 26 127 24 150 24 870 27 800 24 600 -5.84 -11.51

Silver (kg) 19 010 16 127 16 549 17 400 15 400 -18.99 -11.49

Gypsum (t) 150 000 23 019 31 680 120 000 120 000 -20.00 0.00
Kaolin (t) 15 000 15 000 15 000 4 000 5 000 -66.67 25.00
Salt (t) 5 605 6 000 6 000 11 000 11 000 96.25 0.00

Steam Coal (t) 346 500 522 200 570 300 538 500 863 500 149.21 60.35
Lignite (t) 2 259 500 1 997 500 2 483 600 3 217 200 3 262 300 44.38 1.40
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 24 22 22 30 27 12.50 -10.00
Petroleum (t) 233 100 239 200 275 700 295 100 302 700 29.86 2.58

Total (t) 3 037 630 2 827 099 3 408 034 4 217 373 4 593 181

Laos
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 282 180 607 830 2 113 560 1 076 900 2 029 200 619.12 88.43

Antimony (t) 70 0 240 250 480 585.71 92.00

Bauxite (t) 0 275 142 . .
Copper (t) 140 935 88 163 38 349 43 766 56 309 -60.05 28.66
Lead (t) 250 90 170 1 800 1 000 300.00 -44.44
Tin (t) 530 600 890 1 130 790 49.06 -30.09
Zinc (t) 1 250 860 5 400 18 750 7 100 468.00 -62.13

Gold (kg) 5 207 5 097 8 742 9 383 8 312 59.63 -11.41

Silver (kg) 34 443 29 075 26 998 22 685 19 526 -43.31 -13.93

Baryte (t) 48 600 96 278 37 403 302 709 725 207 1 392.20 139.57
Fluorspar (t) 0 315 2 716 . 762.22
Gypsum (t) 606 387 737 749 1 221 959 1 589 771 1 252 577 106.56 -21.21
Potash (t) 286 900 442 500 507 600 920 000 2 050 800 614.81 122.91
Salt (t) 10 079 3 951 6 846 188 3 538 -64.90 1 781.91

Steam Coal (t) 161 494 320 231 698 521 1 270 812 3 644 064 2 156.47 186.75
Lignite (t) 15 263 562 14 366 628 13 618 072 15 358 322 15 255 113 -0.06 -0.67

Total (t) 16 802 276 16 664 914 18 249 046 20 584 745 25 304 064

Latvia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 318 450 359 190 383 990 0 348 070 9.30 .

Total (t) 318 450 359 190 383 990 0 348 070

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 231
Lebanon
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Salt (t) 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000

Lesotho
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 1 113 526 481 243 339 452 548 150 471 745 -57.64 -13.94

Total (t) 0 0 0 0 0

Liberia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 2 657 200 2 924 600 2 520 000 2 640 000 2 160 000 -18.71 -18.18

Gold (kg) 5 068 4 396 7 860 11 718 13 639 169.12 16.39

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 33 560 32 760 37 820 26 590 27 290 -18.68 2.63
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 22 370 21 840 25 210 28 800 29 560 32.14 2.64

Total (t) 2 657 205 2 924 604 2 520 008 2 640 012 2 160 014

Libya
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 200 000 200 000 200 000 300 000 300 000 50.00 0.00
Salt (t) 30 000 30 000 40 000 40 000 50 000 66.67 25.00
Sulfur (t) 169 500 133 300 139 000 139 500 138 200 -18.47 -0.93

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 26 830 20 930 13 010 12 570 12 270 -54.27 -2.39
Petroleum (t) 57 738 100 19 437 000 60 084 200 52 759 520 59 129 400 2.41 12.07

Total (t) 79 601 600 36 544 300 70 871 200 63 295 020 69 433 600

Lithuania
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Sulfur (t) 86 040 71 250 72 990 64 497 54 538 -36.61 -15.44

Petroleum (t) 39 570 31 630 28 920 27 040 24 775 -37.39 -8.38

Total (t) 125 610 102 880 101 910 91 537 79 313

Abbreviations: see Definitions

232 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Madagascar
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 37 300 6 100 6 600 10 800 33 700 -9.65 212.04

Cobalt (t) 2 897 833 2 111 3 428 3 387 16.91 -1.20
Nickel (t) 33 736 9 908 29 285 35 737 36 085 6.96 0.97
Titanium (t) 252 200 280 600 354 800 296 300 308 800 22.44 4.22

Beryllium (t) 30 30 30 20 20 -33.33 0.00

Rare Earths (t) 3 200 4 300 3 900 3 500 4 000 25.00 14.29

Gold (kg) 2 423 1 779 2 000 2 000 2 000 -17.46 0.00

Graphite (t) 45 106 61 405 127 562 114 634 60 720 34.62 -47.03
Salt (t) 110 000 110 000 110 000 120 000 100 000 -9.09 -16.67
Zircon (t) 29 473 26 029 23 109 30 701 34 376 16.64 11.97

Total (t) 513 944 499 207 657 399 615 122 581 090

Malawi
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 1 800 3 010 2 990 590 380 -78.89 -35.59

Gold (kg) 0 55 70 60 . -14.29

Phosphates (t) 300 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Steam Coal (t) 54 728 54 876 30 251 62 166 64 251 17.40 3.35

Total (t) 56 828 57 886 33 241 62 756 64 631

Malaysia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 2 621 100 3 383 990 3 070 930 3 094 320 3 046 990 16.25 -1.53
Manganese (t) 474 910 365 340 280 790 312 720 151 000 -68.20 -51.71
Tantalum (t) 2 1 1 4 4 100.00 0.00
Titanium (t) 6 930 6 280 13 470 21 180 15 600 125.11 -26.35

Aluminium (t) 760 000 980 700 901 000 960 000 950 000 25.00 -1.04
Bauxite (t) 900 561 594 715 47 577 129 825 576 770 -35.95 344.27
Lead (t) 0 332 1 950 . 487.35
Rare Earths (t) 70 10 30 310 300 328.57 -3.23
Tin (t) 3 611 2 963 3 013 3 521 3 767 4.32 6.99
Zinc (t) 0 412 1 981 . 380.83

Gold (kg) 3 151 1 716 1 781 1 828 1 584 -49.73 -13.35

Silver (kg) 686 423 672 414 6 726 880.47 1 524.64

Feldspar (t) 241 189 144 487 168 570 216 394 220 000 -8.79 1.67
Kaolin (t) 400 722 336 565 228 605 236 840 290 366 -27.54 22.60
Zircon (t) 449 157 1 518 768 800 78.17 4.17

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 233
Steam Coal (t) 3 459 122 2 978 248 3 110 605 3 405 847 4 052 344 17.15 18.98
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 68 700 63 370 67 520 71 850 72 140 5.01 0.40
Petroleum (t) 30 384 800 27 679 100 25 169 300 26 261 170 25 752 770 -15.24 -1.94

Total (t) 94 213 470 87 168 558 87 011 412 92 123 645 92 776 651

Mali
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 66 739 71 200 69 400 72 200 72 600 8.78 0.55

Silver (kg) 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 70 74 72 75 76

Malta
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Salt (t) 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000

Mauritania
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 8 013 100 8 243 500 8 185 200 8 465 400 9 155 700 14.26 8.15

Copper (t) 29 620 28 491 18 846 13 313 13 014 -56.06 -2.25

Gold (kg) 13 554 14 125 6 499 17 711 20 129 48.51 13.65

Gypsum (t) 130 000 120 000 70 000 120 000 120 000 -7.69 0.00

Total (t) 8 172 734 8 392 005 8 274 052 8 598 731 9 288 734

Mauritius
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Salt (t) 570 556 793 674 249 -56.32 -63.06

Total (t) 570 556 793 674 249

Abbreviations: see Definitions

234 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Mexico
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 10 331 270 10 774 600 13 430 600 10 963 300 14 183 500 37.29 29.37
Manganese (t) 232 957 258 045 225 703 220 745 225 211 -3.33 2.02
Molybdenum (t) 21 694 20 577 19 894 19 329 28 313 30.51 46.48
Tungsten (t) 15 32 50 50 50 233.33 0.00

Antimony (t) 289 136 413 632 576 99.31 -8.86

Bismuth (t) 251 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Cadmium (t) 952 978 1 051 1 174 1 021 7.25 -13.03
Copper (t) 713 704 800 316 782 136 828 189 778 839 9.13 -5.96
Lead (t) 372 106 468 486 272 231 428 971 373 609 0.40 -12.91
Mercury (t) 50 70 40 20 10 -80.00 -50.00
Selenium (t) 127 106 135 141 139 9.45 -1.42
Zinc (t) 859 194 1 008 252 742 926 876 985 744 285 -13.37 -15.13

Gold (kg) 133 893 142 787 133 340 147 700 131 842 -1.53 -10.74
Silver (kg) 7 485 602 7 424 554 6 492 180 7 067 580 7 277 840 -2.78 2.97

Baryte (t) 415 180 480 954 320 642 498 225 482 302 16.17 -3.20
Bentonite (t) 24 321 79 219 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Diatomite (t) 129 274 144 105 140 928 107 062 102 906 -20.40 -3.88
Feldspar (t) 516 196 903 385 390 076 425 240 383 444 -25.72 -9.83
Fluorspar (t) 1 231 465 914 597 1 007 118 1 000 626 1 162 591 -5.59 16.19
Graphite (t) 2 342 2 033 1 509 3 420 3 124 33.39 -8.65
Gypsum (t) 7 759 139 7 977 953 9 157 381 8 283 113 9 786 105 26.12 18.15
Kaolin (t) 246 645 236 033 223 332 227 798 159 570 -35.30 -29.95
Magnesite (t) 800 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Perlite (t) 24 497 0 28 800 0 0 -100.00 .
Phosphates (t) 249 520 91 240 145 050 132 510 125 700 -49.62 -5.14
Salt (t) 8 845 239 9 084 859 7 001 505 7 914 780 7 686 773 -13.10 -2.88
Sulfur (t) 364 967 315 935 219 439 290 121 216 900 -40.57 -25.24
Talc (t) 7 202 29 122 36 465 34 630 20 534 185.12 -40.70
Vermiculite (t) 148 104 0 0 76 -48.65 .

Steam Coal (t) 5 316 000 3 357 000 4 312 000 4 300 000 531 904 -89.99 -87.63
Coking Coal (t) 3 275 000 3 897 000 1 319 000 1 300 000 1 000 000 -69.47 -23.08
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 29 370 28 580 27 160 28 630 27 210 -7.35 -4.96
Petroleum (t) 94 161 830 93 860 550 94 785 920 95 765 300 100 526 200 6.76 4.97

Total (t) 158 605 994 157 577 255 156 298 969 156 533 577 160 299 092

Moldova
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 276 400 292 600 307 900 270 200 180 800 -34.59 -33.09

Petroleum (t) 5 032 5 032 4 972 4 652 4 316 -14.23 -7.22

Total (t) 281 432 297 632 312 872 274 852 185 116

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 235
Mongolia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 4 800 430 5 165 660 5 136 260 4 289 540 2 987 500 -37.77 -30.35
Molybdenum (t) 2 490 2 890 2 975 2 780 2 650 6.43 -4.68
Tungsten (t) 370 35 120 236 324 -12.43 37.29

Copper (t) 290 980 291 010 303 030 268 930 313 270 7.66 16.49
Lead (t) 13 500 14 273 10 940 9 500 8 500 -37.04 -10.53
Tin (t) 20 0 11 46 16 -20.00 -65.22
Zinc (t) 41 550 61 564 55 344 61 900 60 300 45.13 -2.58

Gold (kg) 16 235 20 226 19 054 19 383 14 855 -8.50 -23.36

Silver (kg) 79 864 77 762 79 035 73 476 73 000 -8.59 -0.65

Fluorspar (t) 699 400 678 900 644 270 387 740 492 500 -29.58 27.02
Gypsum (t) 107 100 97 900 111 400 111 500 112 000 4.58 0.45
Salt (t) 533 2 624 1 796 1 343 1 780 233.96 32.54

Steam Coal (t) 6 683 100 5 394 200 4 638 214 5 844 344 13 440 980 101.12 129.98
Coking Coal (t) 28 962 970 25 821 930 23 140 390 25 352 470 51 319 850 77.19 102.43
Lignite (t) 8 053 080 6 657 650 4 905 426 5 595 828 11 283 860 40.12 101.65
Petroleum (t) 937 900 560 000 636 600 349 900 666 800 -28.91 90.57
Uranium (t) 0 1 4 0 0 . .

Total (t) 50 593 519 44 748 735 39 586 878 42 276 149 80 690 418

Montenegro
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 36 522 37 208 45 214 43 196 21 778 -40.37 -49.58

Bauxite (t) 774 725 791 813 526 760 438 205 526 523 -32.04 20.15
Lead (t) 3 480 640 0 1 350 3 710 6.61 174.81
Zinc (t) 9 520 10 130 9 360 8 070 7 640 -19.75 -5.33

Lignite (t) 1 605 200 1 665 449 1 548 612 1 722 535 1 862 150 16.01 8.11

Total (t) 2 429 447 2 505 240 2 129 946 2 213 356 2 421 801

Morocco
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 7 150 14 090 8 870 4 820 5 220 -26.99 8.30

Cobalt (t) 2 397 2 416 1 796 1 690 1 506 -37.17 -10.89
Manganese (t) 35 600 42 050 41 250 44 640 41 850 17.56 -6.25
Nickel (t) 131 142 147 157 130 -0.76 -17.20

Arsenic (t) 5 055 7 694 6 883 5 450 7 700 52.32 41.28

Copper (t) 30 720 31 750 50 340 31 030 31 590 2.83 1.80
Lead (t) 32 770 38 190 31 340 36 050 26 310 -19.71 -27.02
Mercury (t) 2 2 2 2 2 0.00 0.00
Zinc (t) 43 570 35 810 40 230 34 870 36 320 -16.64 4.16

Abbreviations: see Definitions

236 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Gold (kg) 221 143 147 167 104 -52.94 -37.72
Silver (kg) 216 580 189 220 194 360 203 240 231 700 6.98 14.00

Baryte (t) 1 119 811 501 939 840 486 925 905 931 332 -16.83 0.59
Bentonite (t) 188 081 92 387 134 340 135 600 89 274 -52.53 -34.16
Feldspar (t) 101 947 185 772 427 387 587 289 773 761 658.98 31.75
Fluorspar (t) 73 244 83 833 189 012 77 035 101 369 38.40 31.59
Gypsum (t) 120 000 120 000 120 000 120 000 116 471 -2.94 -2.94
Phosphates (t) 11 267 500 11 959 000 12 176 200 9 728 000 9 158 800 -18.71 -5.85
Salt (t) 854 397 490 896 295 741 652 578 559 149 -34.56 -14.32

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 99 98 110 77 51 -48.48 -33.77

Petroleum (t) 4 335 4 098 3 246 2 394 2 102 -51.51 -12.20

Total (t) 13 966 127 13 688 658 14 455 464 12 449 313 11 923 918

Mozambique
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Niobium (t) 11 17 14 17 16 45.45 -5.88

Tantalum (t) 59 94 75 84 82 38.98 -2.38
Titanium (t) 786 900 874 000 1 126 800 1 387 200 1 829 500 132.49 31.88

Aluminium (t) 564 756 571 125 564 756 587 200 516 484 -8.55 -12.04
Bauxite (t) 8 024 6 491 7 852 14 583 5 481 -31.69 -62.42
Beryllium (t) 45 80 330 531 882 1 860.00 66.10

Gold (kg) 430 488 764 1 264 1 666 287.44 31.80

Bentonite (t) 77 734 80 189 118 692 113 985 71 593 -7.90 -37.19
Diatomite (t) 72 439 35 257 72 914 51 449 29 633 -59.09 -42.40
Graphite (t) 153 000 18 159 77 116 165 932 97 346 -36.38 -41.33
Salt (t) 50 740 38 377 34 453 13 482 10 406 -79.49 -22.82
Zircon (t) 121 768 104 076 123 011 134 082 143 505 17.85 7.03

Steam Coal (t) 4 983 146 3 370 585 5 346 781 8 420 436 7 763 290 55.79 -7.80
Coking Coal (t) 5 356 390 4 670 626 5 732 902 6 385 797 7 212 589 34.65 12.95
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 4 597 4 541 4 600 4 766 11 751 155.62 146.56
Petroleum (t) 41 250 38 350 36 330 45 930 219 770 432.78 378.49

Total (t) 15 893 862 13 440 226 16 922 027 21 133 509 27 301 379

Myanmar
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Manganese (t) 429 000 254 000 206 100 207 100 234 000 -45.45 12.99
Nickel (t) 14 200 22 000 18 100 9 600 5 100 -64.08 -46.88
Tungsten (t) 130 80 40 30 30 -76.92 0.00

Antimony (t) 4 800 6 600 2 870 3 230 2 360 -50.83 -26.93

Copper (t) 219 200 196 500 98 000 1 500 2 170 -99.01 44.67
Lead (t) 35 090 27 000 12 900 16 000 21 650 -38.30 35.31
Rare Earths (t) 17 100 21 000 27 100 17 550 56 850 232.46 223.93
Tin (t) 38 900 33 440 33 950 40 500 41 950 7.84 3.58
Zinc (t) 13 680 11 310 6 200 10 600 8 980 -34.36 -15.28

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 237
Gold (kg) 267 871 773 506 510 91.01 0.79

Baryte (t) 12 439 2 642 2 220 32 089 29 300 135.55 -8.69

Bentonite (t) 0 500 500 0 0 . .
Gypsum (t) 299 316 258 620 51 240 96 246 360 000 20.27 274.04
Salt (t) 213 319 229 755 161 774 138 413 200 000 -6.24 44.50

Steam Coal (t) 1 325 586 1 283 428 992 159 1 179 400 1 880 000 41.82 59.40
Lignite (t) 785 480 760 498 587 906 698 900 1 120 000 42.59 60.25
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 18 810 18 270 17 680 17 150 14 700 -21.85 -14.29
Petroleum (t) 429 000 572 200 309 800 295 500 298 900 -30.33 1.15

Total (t) 18 885 240 18 295 574 16 654 860 16 466 659 16 021 291

Namibia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 8 400 27 570 51 490 0 5 400 -35.71 .

Manganese (t) 14 660 11 860 10 250 10 600 13 800 -5.87 30.19

Copper (t) 14 940 15 741 950 0 752 -94.97 .

Lead (t) 6 320 8 890 10 130 12 240 10 990 73.89 -10.21
Tin (t) 7 242 492 533 876 12 414.29 64.35
Zinc (t) 124 630 62 260 41 180 38 400 35 621 -71.42 -7.24

Gold (kg) 7 016 6 718 7 648 7 438 9 800 39.68 31.76

Silver (kg) 7 765 7 520 5 847 5 200 5 000 -35.61 -3.85

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 1 722 830 1 428 445 1 446 964 2 078 670 2 266 020 31.53 9.01
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 90 675 75 180 76 156 109 405 119 265 31.53 9.01
Salt (t) 983 354 987 872 926 677 1 022 448 1 154 116 17.37 12.88
Sulfur (t) 72 920 81 500 118 150 161 120 120 250 64.91 -25.37

Uranium (t) 6 459 6 382 6 784 6 617 8 238 27.54 24.50

Total (t) 1 231 705 1 202 332 1 166 117 1 251 970 1 350 058

Nauru
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Phosphates (t) 30 600 39 400 102 500 97 500 54 400 77.78 -44.21

Total (t) 30 600 39 400 102 500 97 500 54 400

Nepal
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 120 770 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Lead (t) 0 1 800 5 550 0 0 . .

Talc (t) 7 813 4 931 4 450 2 088 4 123 -47.23 97.46

Abbreviations: see Definitions

238 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Steam Coal (t) 7 184 7 250 10 714 6 803 2 805 -60.95 -58.77

Total (t) 15 117 14 751 20 714 8 891 6 928

Netherlands
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 81 100 70 600 46 700 0 0 -100.00 .

Cadmium (t) 860 880 854 574 726 -15.58 26.48

Salt (t) 5 913 782 5 712 038 6 201 542 5 893 118 4 883 185 -17.43 -17.14

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 31 534 22 835 20 413 16 968 11 186 -64.53 -34.08
Petroleum (t) 892 600 862 200 864 000 482 704 404 894 -54.64 -16.12

Total (t) 32 115 542 24 913 718 23 443 496 19 950 796 14 237 605

New Caledonia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Cobalt (t) 1 703 2 197 1 500 1 770 2 300 35.06 29.94

Nickel (t) 208 185 199 375 186 284 199 951 233 375 12.10 16.72

Total (t) 209 888 201 572 187 784 201 721 235 675

New Zealand
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 1 915 000 2 260 000 2 200 000 2 280 000 1 480 000 -22.72 -35.09

Aluminium (t) 351 481 333 314 333 135 335 871 333 869 -5.01 -0.60

Gold (kg) 8 217 5 860 5 815 6 674 6 844 -16.71 2.55

Silver (kg) 4 060 1 393 3 055 3 922 5 554 36.80 41.61

Bentonite (t) 500 500 500 500 500 0.00 0.00

Kaolin (t) 50 569 50 000 55 000 55 000 50 000 -1.13 -9.09
Salt (t) 76 000 66 000 30 000 0 70 000 -7.89 .

Steam Coal (t) 1 545 230 1 482 000 1 448 565 1 292 541 1 213 841 -21.45 -6.09
Coking Coal (t) 1 200 900 1 038 970 1 134 310 1 068 687 1 110 810 -7.50 3.94
Lignite (t) 287 830 297 690 284 735 276 248 275 433 -4.31 -0.30
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 4 608 4 508 3 945 3 694 3 804 -17.45 2.98
Petroleum (t) 1 128 870 964 420 840 780 736 140 811 520 -28.11 10.24

Total (t) 10 242 792 10 099 301 9 483 034 9 000 198 8 389 186

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 239
Nicaragua
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 9 190 8 087 11 144 11 549 13 330 45.05 15.42

Silver (kg) 17 362 20 411 21 460 21 697 36 500 110.23 68.23

Gypsum (t) 39 925 64 573 19 999 39 865 53 110 33.02 33.22

Salt (t) 55 000 55 000 55 000 55 000 50 000 -9.09 -9.09

Total (t) 94 951 119 601 75 031 94 899 103 159

Niger
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 5 224 2 361 4 010 4 605 2 534 -51.49 -44.97

Silver (kg) 100 120 87 100 100 0.00 0.00

Steam Coal (t) 225 920 246 880 105 760 235 328 193 632 -14.29 -17.72
Petroleum (t) 903 400 855 500 873 100 778 100 897 300 -0.68 15.32
Uranium (t) 3 516 3 527 2 691 2 382 1 332 -62.12 -44.08

Total (t) 1 132 841 1 105 909 981 555 1 015 815 1 092 267

Nigeria
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 18 300 2 400 1 300 6 700 15 900 -13.11 137.31

Manganese (t) 1 000 5 850 22 380 21 850 16 300 1 530.00 -25.40
Niobium (t) 170 80 140 145 185 8.82 27.59
Tantalum (t) 120 80 160 150 190 58.33 26.67
Titanium (t) 0 1 700 14 100 . 729.41
Tungsten (t) 15 18 24 52 26 73.33 -50.00

Beryllium (t) 1 2 0 172 189 18 800.00 9.88

Lead (t) 23 550 20 100 45 500 52 400 41 500 76.22 -20.80
Lithium (t) 10 0 20 190 930 9 200.00 389.47
Rare Earths (t) 30 100 380 390 . 2.63
Tin (t) 6 900 5 970 6 890 8 340 7 680 11.30 -7.91
Zinc (t) 23 220 26 620 32 220 55 650 33 270 43.28 -40.22

Gold (kg) 9 000 1 520 2 000 3 048 2 632 -70.76 -13.65

Silver (kg) 0 166 277 . 66.87

Baryte (t) 370 544 1 560 1 170 30 -91.89 -97.44

Feldspar (t) 33 702 19 453 43 997 37 250 76 575 127.21 105.57
Fluorspar (t) 4 730 17 557 39 087 25 900 23 960 406.55 -7.49
Gypsum (t) 22 142 30 706 21 346 183 628 45 235 104.30 -75.37
Kaolin (t) 8 649 7 033 41 020 70 396 29 843 245.05 -57.61
Talc (t) 6 630 8 404 65 061 2 777 64 400 871.34 2 219.05
Zircon (t) 1 000 242 3 033 4 705 4 980 398.00 5.84

Abbreviations: see Definitions

240 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Steam Coal (t) 543 424 747 979 1 444 139 1 505 197 481 692 -11.36 -68.00
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 49 280 49 950 48 570 44 300 42 930 -12.89 -3.09
Petroleum (t) 100 287 000 91 504 570 77 220 000 68 607 900 73 213 100 -27.00 6.71

Total (t) 140 404 942 132 357 640 117 843 979 106 026 655 108 414 478

North Macedonia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Copper (t) 7 231 6 625 6 810 7 595 7 940 9.81 4.54

Lead (t) 43 490 44 930 42 870 41 600 43 930 1.01 5.60
Zinc (t) 31 040 31 750 30 070 29 730 27 880 -10.18 -6.22

Gold (kg) 593 448 470 600 600 1.18 0.00

Silver (kg) 15 620 16 090 15 470 15 260 16 120 3.20 5.64

Bentonite (t) 682 2 196 1 277 0 0 -100.00 .

Feldspar (t) 29 519 13 115 26 625 35 815 34 591 17.18 -3.42
Gypsum (t) 267 181 229 322 273 497 190 902 274 403 2.70 43.74

Lignite (t) 5 066 083 4 532 745 4 758 504 5 592 335 4 091 133 -19.24 -26.84

Total (t) 5 445 243 4 860 699 5 139 668 5 897 993 4 479 894

Norway
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 1 069 700 1 014 700 1 057 500 1 109 400 1 166 600 9.06 5.16
Molybdenum (t) 1 1 1 1 0 -100.00 -100.00
Nickel (t) 135 120 350 190 220 62.96 15.79
Titanium (t) 211 280 229 780 295 610 252 990 290 660 37.57 14.89

Aluminium (t) 1 312 000 1 339 330 1 430 183 1 424 571 1 321 229 0.70 -7.25
Cadmium (t) 370 344 390 420 420 13.51 0.00

Bentonite (t) 0 0 12 803 0 0 . .

Feldspar (t) 80 000 69 000 60 000 60 000 45 020 -43.73 -24.97
Graphite (t) 9 780 5 549 6 293 10 380 6 483 -33.71 -37.54
Gypsum (t) 102 100 93 602 92 794 86 317 0 -100.00 -100.00
Salt (t) 10 000 5 300 13 000 13 000 0 -100.00 -100.00
Sulfur (t) 90 000 86 000 89 000 81 000 82 000 -8.89 1.23

Steam Coal (t) 117 000 63 000 121 000 118 000 119 745 2.35 1.48
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 115 162 112 326 115 201 124 210 117 322 1.88 -5.55
Petroleum (t) 79 521 500 93 181 400 95 000 900 89 964 300 95 700 400 20.35 6.38

Total (t) 174 653 466 185 948 926 190 340 624 192 488 569 192 590 377

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 241
Oman
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 293 040 182 720 195 540 175 050 150 800 -48.54 -13.85
Manganese (t) 12 500 3 200 3 300 3 000 3 300 -73.60 10.00

Aluminium (t) 390 515 396 929 395 360 394 780 397 530 1.80 0.70

Gypsum (t) 10 982 900 11 120 200 13 538 800 10 591 600 13 253 100 20.67 25.13
Kaolin (t) 34 100 58 300 35 350 0 0 -100.00 .
Salt (t) 15 003 11 700 10 142 11 500 7 300 -51.34 -36.52
Sulfur (t) 79 140 80 830 87 765 87 160 80 060 1.16 -8.15

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 37 460 37 020 39 750 41 740 43 160 15.22 3.40
Petroleum (t) 48 339 100 47 374 500 48 353 500 52 982 500 52 209 900 8.01 -1.46

Total (t) 90 114 298 88 844 379 94 419 757 97 637 590 100 629 990

Pakistan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 238 440 218 000 306 160 272 570 143 250 -39.92 -47.44
Chromium (t) 55 300 48 570 56 050 78 000 62 250 12.57 -20.19
Manganese (t) 190 180 50 200 210 10.53 5.00

Antimony (t) 0 17 33 0 40 . .
Bauxite (t) 92 936 101 047 97 495 56 300 60 000 -35.44 6.57
Copper (t) 13 049 13 200 18 806 16 346 17 042 30.60 4.26
Lead (t) 8 090 7 094 7 277 8 886 7 838 -3.11 -11.79
Zinc (t) 37 365 35 054 35 391 42 349 41 295 10.52 -2.49

Baryte (t) 116 480 55 341 51 553 127 600 140 970 21.03 10.48
Bentonite (t) 48 332 107 742 59 744 45 000 45 000 -6.89 0.00
Feldspar (t) 295 381 343 075 451 985 413 000 415 000 40.50 0.48
Fluorspar (t) 4 186 5 981 7 841 9 200 9 200 119.78 0.00
Gypsum (t) 2 517 825 2 149 873 2 527 215 2 325 400 1 639 730 -34.88 -29.49
Kaolin (t) 20 756 14 919 12 309 17 000 14 130 -31.92 -16.88
Magnesite (t) 42 996 16 165 15 120 5 886 4 954 -88.48 -15.83
Phosphates (t) 17 320 15 790 21 640 32 000 27 000 55.89 -15.63
Salt (t) 4 012 304 3 483 732 3 592 205 2 896 000 3 107 500 -22.55 7.30
Sulfur (t) 20 715 19 948 19 398 16 288 11 692 -43.56 -28.22
Talc (t) 158 109 150 009 289 423 301 400 164 200 3.85 -45.52

Steam Coal (t) 5 406 878 8 599 166 9 229 377 9 678 000 15 069 760 178.71 55.71
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 40 679 37 283 36 224 35 035 33 683 -17.20 -3.86
Petroleum (t) 4 433 150 3 832 330 3 760 980 3 656 900 3 459 800 -21.96 -5.39
Uranium (t) 53 53 53 53 53 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 50 083 055 49 043 686 49 539 305 48 026 378 51 387 314

Abbreviations: see Definitions

242 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Panama
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Copper (t) 147 480 205 548 331 000 350 438 330 863 124.34 -5.59

Gold (kg) 1 869 2 633 4 405 4 347 4 039 116.10 -7.09

Silver (kg) 35 217 49 628 78 419 87 498 84 737 140.61 -3.16

Salt (t) 27 389 24 958 23 593 22 742 30 004 9.55 31.93

Total (t) 174 906 230 559 354 675 373 271 360 956

Papua New Guinea

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 52 010 51 560 53 830 78 340 67 500 29.78 -13.84

Cobalt (t) 2 915 2 941 2 955 2 987 3 072 5.39 2.85
Nickel (t) 33 091 33 659 31 594 34 302 33 604 1.55 -2.03

Copper (t) 99 432 82 403 66 958 76 135 90 490 -8.99 18.85

Gold (kg) 71 050 52 265 39 135 42 310 41 540 -41.53 -1.82

Silver (kg) 162 630 129 695 103 210 88 170 136 530 -16.05 54.85

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 3 339 3 325 3 400 5 736 5 616 68.19 -2.09
Petroleum (t) 1 889 900 1 960 100 1 842 600 1 669 400 1 458 200 -22.84 -12.65

Total (t) 4 748 782 4 790 845 4 718 079 6 450 094 6 145 845

Paraguay
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 4 500 4 500 4 500 4 500 4 500 0.00 0.00

Kaolin (t) 6 000 6 000 6 000 6 000 6 000 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 10 500 10 500 10 500 10 500 10 500

Peru
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 9 666 412 8 893 972 12 149 274 12 936 826 12 986 023 34.34 0.38
Manganese (t) 18 814 10 120 11 391 1 169 1 327 -92.95 13.52
Molybdenum (t) 30 441 32 185 34 148 31 588 33 476 9.97 5.98

Arsenic (t) 24 915 19 014 21 877 25 379 31 162 25.07 22.79

Bismuth (t) 73 74 247 251 304 316.44 21.12
Cadmium (t) 772 451 636 460 494 -36.01 7.39
Copper (t) 2 437 925 2 150 126 2 326 035 2 445 271 2 755 244 13.02 12.68
Indium (t) 7 7 7 0 0 -100.00 .
Lead (t) 307 021 241 548 264 427 255 443 273 335 -10.97 7.00

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 243
Selenium (t) 56 53 48 57 50 -10.71 -12.28
Tin (t) 19 853 20 647 26 995 28 231 26 230 32.12 -7.09
Zinc (t) 1 382 753 1 334 570 1 533 135 1 369 649 1 469 127 6.25 7.26

Gold (kg) 113 586 85 368 97 493 96 966 100 986 -11.09 4.15
Silver (kg) 3 706 760 2 721 461 3 333 632 3 084 039 3 041 394 -17.95 -1.38

Baryte (t) 16 373 5 242 10 361 29 293 11 824 -27.78 -59.64

Bentonite (t) 46 887 25 532 56 199 22 931 24 783 -47.14 8.08
Boron (t) 111 108 43 645 246 362 292 986 259 424 133.49 -11.46
Diatomite (t) 91 103 85 406 94 860 104 660 98 872 8.53 -5.53
Feldspar (t) 29 134 24 132 27 274 24 358 14 111 -51.57 -42.07
Gypsum (t) 254 382 171 093 435 459 315 292 338 598 33.11 7.39
Kaolin (t) 9 208 12 536 13 142 14 300 11 876 28.97 -16.95
Phosphates (t) 1 331 000 1 031 300 1 293 100 1 314 600 1 430 400 7.47 8.81
Salt (t) 1 266 347 1 030 598 1 175 828 1 093 559 1 008 624 -20.35 -7.77
Sulfur (t) 511 500 474 500 529 900 588 300 603 600 18.01 2.60
Talc (t) 43 974 37 938 50 355 49 869 53 894 22.56 8.07

Steam Coal (t) 181 023 131 516 144 579 192 094 233 364 28.91 21.48
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 13 429 12 030 11 375 13 705 14 632 8.96 6.76
Petroleum (t) 6 956 200 6 221 400 5 949 800 5 835 100 5 757 700 -17.23 -1.33

Total (t) 35 484 302 31 624 411 35 498 870 37 938 847 39 132 584

Philippines
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 0 25 700 40 900 45 500 84 700 . 86.15

Chromium (t) 14 570 14 040 12 290 34 870 40 780 179.89 16.95
Cobalt (t) 3 750 3 600 3 200 3 400 3 300 -12.00 -2.94
Nickel (t) 323 325 328 911 386 359 345 200 389 000 20.31 12.69

Copper (t) 71 892 60 856 51 589 59 511 61 981 -13.79 4.15

Selenium (t) 100 100 200 200 300 200.00 50.00

Gold (kg) 20 687 21 030 25 297 29 036 31 046 50.07 6.92

Silver (kg) 31 267 24 024 30 856 56 227 46 160 47.63 -17.90

Bentonite (t) 13 050 4 720 6 059 22 603 26 556 103.49 17.49

Feldspar (t) 47 000 47 000 47 000 47 000 47 000 0.00 0.00
Kaolin (t) 15 000 40 200 27 700 18 612 21 780 45.20 17.02
Magnesite (t) 40 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Perlite (t) 6 608 0 4 631 24 878 18 384 178.21 -26.10
Phosphates (t) 200 200 0 0 570 185.00 .
Salt (t) 200 000 200 000 100 000 60 000 100 000 -50.00 66.67
Sulfur (t) 716 100 575 900 625 500 88 200 100 000 -86.04 13.38

Steam Coal (t) 15 273 525 13 190 000 14 293 000 16 094 000 16 560 000 8.42 2.90
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 4 409 4 013 3 429 3 217 2 526 -42.71 -21.48
Petroleum (t) 652 300 572 100 486 800 445 300 328 100 -49.70 -26.32

Total (t) 20 864 712 18 273 772 18 828 484 19 862 959 19 803 328

Abbreviations: see Definitions

244 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Poland
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Nickel (t) 755 710 740 830 750 -0.66 -9.64

Cadmium (t) 199 485 292 0 0 -100.00 .

Copper (t) 398 900 392 700 391 300 392 500 395 400 -0.88 0.74
Lead (t) 48 510 46 790 29 430 28 770 29 510 -39.17 2.57
Rhenium (kg) 5 770 6 580 6 401 4 367 6 491 12.50 48.64
Selenium (t) 76 74 66 82 74 -2.63 -9.76
Zinc (t) 40 000 43 000 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Gold (kg) 674 878 768 769 442 -34.42 -42.52

Palladium (kg) 5 4 4 4 5 0.00 25.00
Platinum (kg) 8 6 5 5 6 -25.00 20.00
Silver (kg) 1 249 000 1 218 200 1 302 900 1 315 800 1 319 900 5.68 0.31

Bentonite (t) 500 920 500 0 1 110 122.00 .

Diatomite (t) 680 810 980 1 170 1 620 138.24 38.46
Feldspar (t) 42 160 29 440 11 110 15 030 46 930 11.31 212.24
Gypsum (t) 1 065 000 1 057 000 1 123 000 1 034 000 892 000 -16.24 -13.73
Kaolin (t) 317 190 292 940 315 040 317 570 276 120 -12.95 -13.05
Magnesite (t) 91 490 65 250 65 820 66 380 28 630 -68.71 -56.87
Salt (t) 3 800 000 3 460 000 3 950 000 3 883 000 3 275 000 -13.82 -15.66
Sulfur (t) 1 210 240 1 011 080 1 058 800 1 046 970 946 350 -21.80 -9.61

Steam Coal (t) 49 552 170 42 111 970 42 421 560 40 464 610 36 428 460 -26.48 -9.97
Coking Coal (t) 12 071 220 12 273 960 12 584 820 12 364 750 11 924 180 -1.22 -3.56
Lignite (t) 50 328 580 45 983 410 52 355 510 54 621 410 40 100 590 -20.32 -26.58
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 4 976 4 934 4 860 4 720 4 600 -7.56 -2.54
Petroleum (t) 936 760 911 430 858 030 816 540 793 880 -15.25 -2.78

Total (t) 123 886 486 111 630 395 119 056 308 118 830 933 98 821 930

Portugal
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Tungsten (t) 518 553 542 448 400 -22.78 -10.71

Copper (t) 41 553 32 230 39 443 32 098 43 600 4.93 35.83

Lead (t) 27 852 28 178 29 526 23 347 22 520 -19.14 -3.54
Lithium (t) 710 280 225 210 380 -46.48 80.95
Tin (t) 108 104 60 60 48 -55.56 -20.00
Zinc (t) 161 569 176 849 188 395 182 262 185 670 14.92 1.87

Silver (kg) 95 270 95 954 97 945 78 412 88 676 -6.92 13.09

Feldspar (t) 106 754 122 969 145 362 167 673 159 047 48.98 -5.14
Gypsum (t) 209 076 210 231 254 913 191 753 101 322 -51.54 -47.16
Kaolin (t) 311 677 320 655 386 623 426 848 427 187 37.06 0.08
Salt (t) 112 215 97 104 94 778 125 853 139 190 24.04 10.60
Talc (t) 12 901 9 751 8 277 4 273 5 673 -56.03 32.76

Total (t) 985 028 999 000 1 148 242 1 154 903 1 085 126

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 245
Qatar
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 627 400 631 400 634 270 637 975 644 000 2.65 0.94

Sulfur (t) 2 050 000 1 650 000 2 100 000 3 150 000 3 050 000 48.78 -3.17

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 167 610 166 740 168 240 169 600 171 974 2.60 1.40
Petroleum (t) 71 536 810 72 698 440 72 435 760 72 664 390 73 753 160 3.10 1.50

Total (t) 208 302 210 208 371 840 209 762 030 212 132 365 215 026 360

Romania
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Manganese (t) 9 290 8 450 6 600 5 900 3 250 -65.02 -44.92

Aluminium (t) 280 326 271 307 293 399 191 454 196 438 -29.93 2.60
Copper (t) 9 180 9 130 9 240 11 550 9 250 0.76 -19.91
Lead (t) 520 510 690 300 700 34.62 133.33
Zinc (t) 1 260 100 2 500 6 970 500 -60.32 -92.83

Gold (kg) 500 500 500 500 500 0.00 0.00

Silver (kg) 18 000 18 000 18 000 18 000 18 000 0.00 0.00

Bentonite (t) 41 964 45 495 54 648 61 165 62 026 47.81 1.41

Feldspar (t) 20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 0.00 0.00
Gypsum (t) 878 546 925 782 952 617 897 176 841 964 -4.16 -6.15
Kaolin (t) 6 089 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .
Salt (t) 2 015 579 1 175 979 1 328 738 1 461 264 1 244 111 -38.28 -14.86

Lignite (t) 21 652 320 15 030 906 17 733 034 18 200 623 14 745 137 -31.90 -18.99
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 9 959 8 914 8 938 9 060 9 207 -7.55 1.62
Petroleum (t) 3 568 000 3 457 000 3 319 000 3 131 000 2 986 000 -16.31 -4.63

Total (t) 36 450 293 28 075 878 30 870 885 31 235 421 27 474 995

Russia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 65 726 000 65 372 000 59 375 800 56 109 000 53 572 000 -18.49 -4.52
Chromium (t) 175 000 187 000 167 360 203 200 149 120 -14.79 -26.61
Cobalt (t) 9 400 9 700 8 000 9 200 8 800 -6.38 -4.35
Manganese (t) 5 900 28 200 10 700 16 500 21 800 269.49 32.12
Molybdenum (t) 1 989 1 707 1 691 1 400 1 200 -39.67 -14.29
Nickel (t) 233 800 237 000 202 100 225 900 211 300 -9.62 -6.46
Niobium (t) 659 617 648 549 505 -23.37 -8.01
Tantalum (t) 32 60 39 24 34 6.25 41.67
Titanium (t) 3 600 3 300 2 900 3 900 3 990 10.83 2.31
Tungsten (t) 2 433 2 274 2 143 1 846 1 750 -28.07 -5.20
Vanadium (t) 18 380 19 533 20 058 21 000 20 000 8.81 -4.76

Abbreviations: see Definitions

246 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Aluminium (t) 3 894 400 3 928 800 3 931 000 4 014 000 4 028 000 3.43 0.35
Antimony (t) 21 671 17 532 9 750 4 391 32 475 49.85 639.58
Arsenic (t) 102 500 800 500 500 390.20 0.00
Bauxite (t) 6 641 000 6 647 000 6 565 000 6 712 000 6 867 700 3.41 2.32
Bismuth (t) 46 45 45 0 0 -100.00 .
Cadmium (t) 1 000 976 999 905 902 -9.80 -0.33
Copper (t) 812 400 924 100 938 800 917 900 916 000 12.75 -0.21
Gallium (t) 8 5 5 5 6 -25.00 20.00
Germanium (t) 5 5 5 5 5 0.00 0.00
Indium (t) 6 11 11 6 6 0.00 0.00
Lead (t) 207 900 200 700 212 300 229 300 220 000 5.82 -4.06
Lithium (t) 43 45 46 32 30 -30.23 -6.25
Mercury (t) 50 30 30 10 30 -40.00 200.00
Rare Earths (t) 2 620 2 663 2 276 2 038 1 964 -25.04 -3.63
Rhenium (kg) 1 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 100.00 0.00
Selenium (t) 193 195 230 200 250 29.53 25.00
Tellurium (t) 38 55 60 40 50 31.58 25.00
Tin (t) 2 471 2 559 3 317 3 507 3 570 44.48 1.80
Zinc (t) 275 400 260 700 287 900 304 250 320 000 16.19 5.18

Gold (kg) 305 050 308 560 313 830 302 000 312 800 2.54 3.58
Palladium (kg) 92 910 81 990 83 640 80 870 83 980 -9.61 3.85
Platinum (kg) 22 430 21 740 19 840 18 660 20 650 -7.94 10.66
Rhodium (kg) 2 115 1 800 1 650 1 805 2 180 3.07 20.78
Silver (kg) 1 533 000 1 457 000 1 517 000 1 567 000 1 550 000 1.11 -1.08

Asbestos (t) 789 600 707 811 750 000 629 000 598 000 -24.27 -4.93
Baryte (t) 163 000 265 000 252 000 260 000 220 000 34.97 -15.38
Bentonite (t) 720 000 720 000 500 000 535 000 537 000 -25.42 0.37
Boron (t) 81 800 85 500 89 600 88 800 91 500 11.86 3.04
Diam. (Gem) (ct) 25 804 591 18 711 931 23 470 180 25 154 350 22 390 050 -13.23 -10.99
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 19 466 621 12 474 620 15 646 790 16 769 560 14 926 700 -23.32 -10.99
Diatomite (t) 51 000 51 000 176 800 180 000 200 000 292.16 11.11
Feldspar (t) 281 300 290 000 290 000 300 000 400 000 42.20 33.33
Fluorspar (t) 4 000 32 000 76 000 76 000 56 000 1 300.00 -26.32
Graphite (t) 17 500 12 900 17 300 18 800 14 500 -17.14 -22.87
Gypsum (t) 4 179 300 4 060 000 4 629 000 4 630 000 4 800 000 14.85 3.67
Kaolin (t) 1 530 800 2 478 000 2 193 800 3 000 000 5 100 000 233.16 70.00
Magnesite (t) 1 013 800 1 281 400 1 108 700 1 327 100 1 058 400 4.40 -20.25
Perlite (t) 45 000 45 000 45 000 45 000 65 000 44.44 44.44
Phosphates (t) 5 382 000 5 382 000 5 517 800 5 597 100 5 632 300 4.65 0.63
Potash (t) 7 368 000 8 194 200 8 890 000 5 878 000 7 864 000 6.73 33.79
Salt (t) 8 175 000 6 026 000 8 242 000 8 186 000 7 658 000 -6.32 -6.45
Sulfur (t) 7 175 000 6 850 000 4 690 900 5 989 439 5 960 000 -16.93 -0.49
Talc (t) 48 000 104 000 50 000 100 000 0 -100.00 -100.00
Vermiculite (t) 29 237 28 442 39 804 35 619 35 607 21.79 -0.03
Zircon (t) 6 300 6 000 6 650 5 600 6 000 -4.76 7.14

Steam Coal (t) 266 700 000 240 900 000 262 226 600 242 600 000 232 000 000 -13.01 -4.37
Coking Coal (t) 93 900 000 88 600 000 100 800 000 105 000 000 106 000 000 12.89 0.95
Lignite (t) 80 800 000 72 600 000 73 620 000 89 400 000 92 000 000 13.86 2.91
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 718 960 672 400 727 600 648 300 616 200 -14.29 -4.95
Petroleum (t) 560 256 690 512 761 000 524 050 000 535 000 000 530 600 000 -5.29 -0.82
Uranium (t) 3 433 3 356 3 107 2 957 3 196 -6.90 8.08

Total (t) 1 691 927 271 1 567 252 801 1 652 091 021 1 596 308 004 1 560 243 470

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 247
Russia, Asia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 18 403 300 18 957 900 17 219 000 15 710 500 16 071 600 -12.67 2.30
Cobalt (t) 8 450 8 700 7 000 7 900 7 800 -7.69 -1.27
Molybdenum (t) 1 989 1 707 1 691 1 400 1 200 -39.67 -14.29
Nickel (t) 205 700 210 900 175 800 203 300 190 200 -7.54 -6.44
Tungsten (t) 2 433 2 274 2 143 1 846 1 750 -28.07 -5.20

Aluminium (t) 3 752 900 3 788 900 3 797 800 3 880 000 3 902 000 3.97 0.57
Antimony (t) 21 671 17 532 9 750 4 391 32 475 49.85 639.58
Arsenic (t) 102 500 800 500 500 390.20 0.00
Bismuth (t) 46 45 45 0 0 -100.00 .
Cadmium (t) 1 000 976 999 905 902 -9.80 -0.33
Copper (t) 649 920 739 280 798 000 789 400 787 800 21.21 -0.20
Germanium (t) 5 5 5 5 5 0.00 0.00
Indium (t) 6 11 11 6 6 0.00 0.00
Lead (t) 207 900 200 700 212 300 229 300 220 000 5.82 -4.06
Lithium (t) 43 45 46 32 30 -30.23 -6.25
Mercury (t) 50 30 30 10 30 -40.00 200.00
Selenium (t) 193 195 230 200 250 29.53 25.00
Tellurium (t) 38 55 60 40 50 31.58 25.00
Tin (t) 2 471 2 559 3 317 3 507 3 570 44.48 1.80
Zinc (t) 242 350 221 600 201 500 258 600 272 000 12.23 5.18

Gold (kg) 300 750 301 660 306 830 287 000 297 800 -0.98 3.76
Palladium (kg) 92 910 81 990 83 640 80 870 83 980 -9.61 3.85
Platinum (kg) 22 430 21 740 19 840 18 660 20 650 -7.94 10.66
Rhodium (kg) 2 115 1 800 1 650 1 805 2 180 3.07 20.78
Silver (kg) 1 480 000 1 374 800 1 425 900 1 472 900 1 457 000 -1.55 -1.08

Asbestos (t) 315 300 287 371 321 000 281 900 234 900 -25.50 -16.67
Baryte (t) 163 000 265 000 252 000 260 000 220 000 34.97 -15.38
Bentonite (t) 492 900 500 000 470 000 500 000 502 000 1.85 0.40
Boron (t) 81 800 85 500 89 600 88 800 91 500 11.86 3.04
Diam. (Gem) (ct) 19 525 587 16 339 353 17 278 180 19 560 000 19 260 000 -1.36 -1.53
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 14 729 829 10 892 902 11 518 790 13 040 000 12 840 000 -12.83 -1.53
Feldspar (t) 281 300 290 000 290 000 300 000 400 000 42.20 33.33
Fluorspar (t) 4 000 32 000 76 000 76 000 56 000 1 300.00 -26.32
Graphite (t) 17 500 12 900 17 300 18 800 14 500 -17.14 -22.87
Talc (t) 38 000 42 000 40 000 57 000 0 -100.00 -100.00
Vermiculite (t) 29 237 28 442 39 804 35 619 35 607 21.79 -0.03

Steam Coal (t) 266 700 000 240 900 000 262 226 600 242 600 000 232 000 000 -13.01 -4.37
Coking Coal (t) 93 900 000 88 600 000 100 800 000 105 000 000 106 000 000 12.89 0.95
Lignite (t) 72 720 000 65 340 000 66 258 000 80 460 000 82 800 000 13.86 2.91
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 683 010 638 800 691 200 622 400 591 600 -13.38 -4.95
Petroleum (t) 448 205 350 410 208 800 419 240 000 449 400 000 429 786 000 -4.11 -4.36
Uranium (t) 3 433 3 356 3 107 2 957 3 196 -6.90 8.08

Total (t) 1 452 862 292 1 341 791 071 1 425 515 782 1 398 094 786 1 346 917 740

Russia, Europe
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 47 322 700 46 414 100 42 156 800 40 398 500 37 500 400 -20.76 -7.17
Chromium (t) 175 000 187 000 167 360 203 200 149 120 -14.79 -26.61

Abbreviations: see Definitions

248 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Cobalt (t) 950 1 000 1 000 1 300 1 000 5.26 -23.08
Manganese (t) 5 900 28 200 10 700 16 500 21 800 269.49 32.12
Nickel (t) 28 100 26 100 26 300 22 600 21 100 -24.91 -6.64
Niobium (t) 659 617 648 549 505 -23.37 -8.01
Tantalum (t) 32 60 39 24 34 6.25 41.67
Titanium (t) 3 600 3 300 2 900 3 900 3 990 10.83 2.31
Vanadium (t) 18 380 19 533 20 058 21 000 20 000 8.81 -4.76

Aluminium (t) 141 500 139 900 133 200 134 000 126 000 -10.95 -5.97
Bauxite (t) 6 641 000 6 647 000 6 565 000 6 712 000 6 867 700 3.41 2.32
Copper (t) 162 480 184 820 140 800 128 500 128 200 -21.10 -0.23
Gallium (t) 8 5 5 5 6 -25.00 20.00
Rare Earths (t) 2 620 2 663 2 276 2 038 1 964 -25.04 -3.63
Rhenium (kg) 1 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 100.00 0.00
Zinc (t) 33 050 39 100 86 400 45 650 48 000 45.23 5.15

Gold (kg) 4 300 6 900 7 000 15 000 15 000 248.84 0.00

Silver (kg) 53 000 82 200 91 100 94 100 93 000 75.47 -1.17

Asbestos (t) 474 300 420 440 429 000 347 100 363 100 -23.45 4.61
Bentonite (t) 227 100 220 000 30 000 35 000 35 000 -84.59 0.00
Diam. (Gem) (ct) 6 279 004 2 372 578 6 192 000 5 594 350 3 130 050 -50.15 -44.05
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 4 736 792 1 581 718 4 128 000 3 729 560 2 086 700 -55.95 -44.05
Diatomite (t) 51 000 51 000 176 800 180 000 200 000 292.16 11.11
Gypsum (t) 4 179 300 4 060 000 4 629 000 4 630 000 4 800 000 14.85 3.67
Kaolin (t) 1 530 800 2 478 000 2 193 800 3 000 000 5 100 000 233.16 70.00
Magnesite (t) 1 013 800 1 281 400 1 108 700 1 327 100 1 058 400 4.40 -20.25
Perlite (t) 45 000 45 000 45 000 45 000 65 000 44.44 44.44
Phosphates (t) 5 382 000 5 382 000 5 517 800 5 597 100 5 632 300 4.65 0.63
Potash (t) 7 368 000 8 194 200 8 890 000 5 878 000 7 864 000 6.73 33.79
Salt (t) 8 175 000 6 026 000 8 242 000 8 186 000 7 658 000 -6.32 -6.45
Sulfur (t) 7 175 000 6 850 000 4 690 900 5 989 439 5 960 000 -16.93 -0.49
Talc (t) 10 000 62 000 10 000 43 000 0 -100.00 -100.00
Zircon (t) 6 300 6 000 6 650 5 600 6 000 -4.76 7.14

Lignite (t) 8 080 000 7 260 000 7 362 000 8 940 000 9 200 000 13.86 2.91
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 35 950 33 600 36 400 25 900 24 600 -31.57 -5.02
Petroleum (t) 112 051 340 102 552 200 104 810 000 85 600 000 100 814 000 -10.03 17.77

Total (t) 239 064 979 225 461 730 226 575 238 198 213 218 213 325 730

Rwanda
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Niobium (t) 205 160 160 195 310 51.22 58.97

Tantalum (t) 315 240 245 300 475 50.79 58.33
Tungsten (t) 1 120 990 1 545 1 610 1 370 22.32 -14.91

Beryllium (t) 20 20 20 20 20 0.00 0.00

Tin (t) 2 780 2 030 2 260 3 115 3 210 15.47 3.05

Gold (kg) 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 0.00 0.00

Total (t) 4 442 3 442 4 232 5 242 5 387

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 249
Saudi Arabia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 294 100 275 000 335 200 351 700 350 000 19.01 -0.48

Aluminium (t) 775 561 796 004 805 057 775 012 701 357 -9.57 -9.50
Bauxite (t) 5 127 000 5 227 927 5 649 000 5 930 000 5 900 000 15.08 -0.51
Copper (t) 66 610 75 370 75 180 74 690 70 090 5.22 -6.16
Zinc (t) 27 270 26 790 22 710 24 660 23 510 -13.79 -4.66

Gold (kg) 12 418 13 222 11 153 12 268 13 476 8.52 9.85

Silver (kg) 7 123 7 479 8 604 9 464 9 000 26.35 -4.90

Feldspar (t) 216 000 523 000 621 000 652 000 650 000 200.93 -0.31
Gypsum (t) 3 472 000 3 803 000 3 640 000 3 822 000 3 800 000 9.45 -0.58
Kaolin (t) 227 000 213 000 266 000 279 000 280 000 23.35 0.36
Magnesite (t) 200 000 250 000 250 000 176 049 90 000 -55.00 -48.88
Phosphates (t) 2 275 000 2 600 000 2 730 000 2 950 000 3 250 000 42.86 10.17
Salt (t) 2 778 000 2 220 000 2 231 000 2 342 000 2 400 000 -13.61 2.48
Sulfur (t) 6 600 000 6 600 000 6 600 000 7 000 000 7 000 000 6.06 0.00
Talc (t) 48 000 61 000 167 000 175 000 180 000 275.00 2.86

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 117 000 119 000 120 485 122 895 123 531 5.58 0.52
Petroleum (t) 556 564 010 519 613 000 515 878 200 574 692 000 531 963 600 -4.42 -7.44

Total (t) 672 270 570 637 484 111 635 658 367 697 560 132 655 483 379

Senegal
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Manganese (t) 1 880 6 580 4 040 13 370 11 950 535.64 -10.62

Titanium (t) 281 030 291 740 310 310 284 998 239 960 -14.61 -15.80

Gold (kg) 14 550 12 408 14 678 15 220 12 864 -11.59 -15.48

Silver (kg) 898 1 090 1 310 1 325 982 9.35 -25.89

Phosphates (t) 855 850 684 300 792 800 859 970 940 110 9.85 9.32
Salt (t) 286 100 290 873 306 347 320 628 272 615 -4.71 -14.97
Zircon (t) 80 747 83 257 90 760 84 062 73 325 -9.19 -12.77

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 15 14 6 4 0 -100.00 -100.00

Petroleum (t) 28 500 25 280 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Total (t) 1 546 123 1 393 243 1 509 073 1 566 244 1 537 974

Serbia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Copper (t) 43 550 52 207 121 150 203 998 238 909 448.59 17.11
Lead (t) 9 970 8 420 6 330 6 660 7 220 -27.58 8.41
Selenium (t) 20 10 4 10 10 -50.00 0.00
Zinc (t) 7 510 11 480 11 310 9 960 10 380 38.22 4.22

Abbreviations: see Definitions

250 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Gold (kg) 1 452 1 550 4 794 7 290 6 944 378.24 -4.75
Palladium (kg) 100 100 140 110 25 -75.00 -77.27
Platinum (kg) 10 22 30 10 5 -50.00 -50.00
Silver (kg) 14 502 15 900 11 600 10 900 5 000 -65.52 -54.13

Kaolin (t) 254 000 234 000 249 000 301 000 275 000 8.27 -8.64
Salt (t) 13 464 6 703 6 469 5 969 5 311 -60.55 -11.02

Lignite (t) 38 880 520 39 673 059 36 417 513 35 129 690 31 937 750 -17.86 -9.09
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 439 409 362 328 315 -28.25 -3.96
Petroleum (t) 881 000 859 226 835 319 823 280 829 599 -5.83 0.77

Total (t) 40 441 250 41 172 323 37 936 712 36 742 985 33 556 191

Sierra Leone
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 418 950 0 950 300 4 546 760 6 070 960 1 349.09 33.52
Tantalum (t) 16 29 36 17 22 37.50 29.41
Titanium (t) 165 180 135 930 149 380 161 250 142 490 -13.74 -11.63

Bauxite (t) 1 883 863 1 342 139 1 396 678 910 344 1 353 708 -28.14 48.70

Gold (kg) 75 25 149 185 163 117.33 -11.89

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 433 054 603 360 541 400 524 880 408 270 -5.72 -22.22
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 391 403 83 040 297 700 155 550 121 950 -68.84 -21.60
Zircon (t) 8 500 4 564 39 352 34 065 27 776 226.78 -18.46

Total (t) 2 476 509 1 482 662 2 535 746 5 652 436 7 594 956

Slovakia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 174 794 151 875 163 995 71 933 0 -100.00 -100.00
Copper (t) 17 20 76 30 37 117.65 23.33
Lead (t) 111 102 101 126 155 39.64 23.02
Zinc (t) 119 96 25 65 90 -24.37 38.46

Gold (kg) 346 336 392 399 492 42.20 23.31

Silver (kg) 295 269 328 354 407 37.97 14.97

Bentonite (t) 260 120 261 640 274 350 302 135 272 234 4.66 -9.90
Feldspar (t) 19 100 29 100 10 000 22 900 6 300 -67.02 -72.49
Gypsum (t) 58 250 72 300 66 600 54 300 60 000 3.00 10.50
Kaolin (t) 24 970 30 960 38 780 24 610 12 250 -50.94 -50.22
Magnesite (t) 1 015 800 787 476 781 600 592 900 432 200 -57.45 -27.10
Perlite (t) 32 450 37 850 37 240 38 280 39 270 21.02 2.59
Talc (t) 70 100 91 600 99 900 114 600 100 000 42.65 -12.74

Lignite (t) 1 474 830 986 270 1 080 562 1 065 412 764 854 -48.14 -28.21
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 80 70 71 58 51 -36.25 -12.07
Petroleum (t) 6 331 3 790 6 130 3 680 2 840 -55.14 -22.83

Total (t) 3 200 992 2 509 079 2 616 159 2 337 371 1 731 030

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 251
Slovenia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 68 255 50 185 37 867 19 211 1 487 -97.82 -92.26

Bentonite (t) 99 77 75 68 86 -13.13 26.47

Salt (t) 1 437 805 1 671 2 342 738 -48.64 -68.49

Lignite (t) 3 218 696 3 259 309 2 807 476 2 745 022 3 030 494 -5.85 10.40
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 8 6 6 5 3 -62.50 -40.00
Petroleum (t) 490 385 296 127 147 -70.00 15.75

Total (t) 3 295 377 3 315 561 2 852 185 2 770 770 3 035 352

Solomon Islands
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Nickel (t) 0 1 050 . .

Bauxite (t) 1 234 030 841 890 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Gold (kg) 0 121 1 788 . 1 377.69

Silver (kg) 0 25 220 . 780.00

Total (t) 1 234 030 841 890 0 0 1 052

South Africa
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 47 064 410 36 163 000 46 707 500 40 777 100 40 440 200 -14.07 -0.83
Chromium (t) 7 384 000 5 479 400 7 583 150 7 862 000 7 968 350 7.91 1.35
Cobalt (t) 1 027 897 355 250 378 -63.19 51.20
Manganese (t) 6 456 400 6 029 368 7 065 750 7 090 400 7 058 600 9.33 -0.45
Nickel (t) 43 443 34 908 31 848 29 033 29 750 -31.52 2.47
Titanium (t) 1 064 000 950 000 900 000 1 050 000 1 010 000 -5.08 -3.81
Vanadium (t) 8 062 8 584 8 799 8 872 8 667 7.50 -2.31

Aluminium (t) 717 000 717 000 714 000 718 000 716 000 -0.14 -0.28
Copper (t) 52 501 38 334 51 138 49 194 50 023 -4.72 1.69
Lead (t) 42 936 28 048 31 224 39 974 40 271 -6.21 0.74
Zinc (t) 125 157 160 816 193 785 224 356 197 630 57.91 -11.91

Gold (kg) 105 185 95 781 107 890 89 598 96 626 -8.14 7.84
Palladium (kg) 80 684 66 264 84 336 73 104 74 918 -7.15 2.48
Platinum (kg) 132 989 111 993 141 626 124 401 124 870 -6.11 0.38
Rhodium (kg) 19 545 16 972 20 875 18 687 18 549 -5.10 -0.74
Silver (kg) 55 903 38 118 37 146 45 724 41 929 -25.00 -8.30

Bentonite (t) 105 084 85 558 98 606 96 540 77 598 -26.16 -19.62
Diam. (Gem) (ct) 3 373 210 4 158 000 4 498 200 4 210 400 2 437 800 -27.73 -42.10
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 3 807 495 4 318 000 5 228 000 5 439 000 3 466 200 -8.96 -36.27
Feldspar (t) 76 255 48 427 67 113 75 382 142 820 87.29 89.46
Fluorspar (t) 252 974 330 000 400 000 410 000 452 000 78.67 10.24
Gypsum (t) 277 102 205 542 277 376 243 008 226 749 -18.17 -6.69

Abbreviations: see Definitions

252 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Kaolin (t) 27 827 20 639 29 168 10 553 8 690 -68.77 -17.65
Magnesite (t) 8 100 8 500 5 000 8 000 6 000 -25.93 -25.00
Perlite (t) 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 0.00 0.00
Phosphates (t) 639 000 650 600 621 300 714 800 628 000 -1.72 -12.14
Salt (t) 510 012 538 355 545 942 570 012 615 889 20.76 8.05
Sulfur (t) 919 624 608 509 105 924 70 640 63 695 -93.07 -9.83
Talc (t) 135 430 92 318 270 944 438 698 319 775 136.12 -27.11
Vermiculite (t) 158 013 118 223 150 104 171 898 169 797 7.46 -1.22
Zircon (t) 368 336 311 800 301 000 307 285 289 479 -21.41 -5.79

Steam Coal (t) 252 040 300 245 089 400 230 333 900 227 570 100 228 731 000 -9.25 0.51
Coking Coal (t) 3 722 225 2 057 020 2 840 646 2 350 879 2 880 342 -22.62 22.52
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 658 554 44 5 5 -99.24 0.00
Petroleum (t) 29 774 31 974 15 633 4 946 1 044 -96.49 -78.89
Uranium (t) 163 131 153 188 275 68.71 46.28

Total (t) 322 756 952 300 251 882 299 386 952 290 897 462 292 138 381

South Sudan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Petroleum (t) 8 448 490 8 126 230 7 515 700 6 947 860 7 272 710 -13.92 4.68

Total (t) 8 448 490 8 126 230 7 515 700 6 947 860 7 272 710

Spain
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 0 36 580 0 0 . .

Tantalum (t) 18 16 19 19 24 33.33 26.32
Tungsten (t) 414 238 642 396 711 71.74 79.55

Aluminium (t) 230 000 200 000 190 000 0 0 -100.00 .

Copper (t) 170 556 182 678 142 381 128 764 114 786 -32.70 -10.86
Lead (t) 11 390 11 397 10 965 9 272 10 547 -7.40 13.75
Tin (t) 101 115 255 315 356 252.48 13.02
Zinc (t) 90 980 90 368 90 480 82 963 89 219 -1.94 7.54

Gold (kg) 1 913 1 609 1 822 1 369 1 605 -16.10 17.24

Silver (kg) 77 501 92 662 80 848 58 235 88 796 14.57 52.48

Bentonite (t) 160 477 205 773 171 572 186 363 117 550 -26.75 -36.92
Diatomite (t) 62 741 59 250 55 982 87 095 73 997 17.94 -15.04
Feldspar (t) 855 139 911 095 820 749 716 535 617 009 -27.85 -13.89
Fluorspar (t) 145 185 185 958 187 225 153 415 146 975 1.23 -4.20
Gypsum (t) 11 279 443 13 376 353 14 629 150 14 380 727 14 462 507 28.22 0.57
Kaolin (t) 463 617 274 137 303 743 277 170 403 105 -13.05 45.44
Magnesite (t) 634 580 626 055 703 834 676 699 667 248 5.15 -1.40
Potash (t) 519 644 351 918 375 779 429 896 420 000 -19.18 -2.30

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 253
Salt (t) 4 330 514 3 676 039 4 329 090 3 987 690 3 269 197 -24.51 -18.02
Sulfur (t) 663 100 584 300 687 800 641 800 737 700 11.25 14.94
Talc (t) 13 100 2 920 651 0 0 -100.00 .

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 135 47 38 33 26 -80.74 -21.21

Petroleum (t) 40 244 26 819 5 785 910 606 -98.49 -33.41

Total (t) 19 779 323 20 803 124 22 773 165 21 786 488 21 152 428

Sri Lanka
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Titanium (t) 25 940 11 150 28 775 17 060 31 665 22.07 85.61

Feldspar (t) 65 400 50 000 60 000 50 000 50 000 -23.55 0.00

Graphite (t) 3 100 2 500 3 388 3 096 2 998 -3.29 -3.17
Kaolin (t) 34 100 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 -12.02 0.00
Phosphates (t) 16 600 18 240 23 880 12 360 16 330 -1.63 32.12
Salt (t) 57 291 60 076 63 254 111 000 60 000 4.73 -45.95
Zircon (t) 971 419 400 267 556 -42.74 108.24

Total (t) 203 402 172 385 209 697 223 783 191 549

Sudan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 5 950 4 300 2 700 1 450 2 100 -64.71 44.83

Manganese (t) 1 000 0 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Gold (kg) 57 700 35 700 49 700 41 800 23 200 -59.79 -44.50

Silver (kg) 1 000 1 000 1 000 2 000 1 000 0.00 -50.00

Feldspar (t) 17 000 25 000 6 400 10 000 10 000 -41.18 0.00

Gypsum (t) 193 000 173 000 136 000 150 000 150 000 -22.28 0.00
Kaolin (t) 29 000 19 700 3 700 20 000 20 000 -31.03 0.00
Salt (t) 263 000 237 000 121 000 200 000 140 000 -46.77 -30.00
Talc (t) 2 000 0 4 500 4 500 4 500 125.00 0.00

Petroleum (t) 3 778 300 2 932 600 2 605 000 2 532 000 2 321 000 -38.57 -8.33

Total (t) 4 289 309 3 391 637 2 879 351 2 917 994 2 647 624

Suriname
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 24 516 21 214 18 634 19 541 17 853 -27.18 -8.64

Petroleum (t) 825 200 818 400 811 600 837 500 855 230 3.64 2.12

Total (t) 825 225 818 421 811 619 837 520 855 248

Abbreviations: see Definitions

254 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Sweden
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 19 367 200 20 112 200 19 964 200 18 799 000 19 126 500 -1.24 1.74

Aluminium (t) 120 000 117 000 124 000 120 000 119 000 -0.83 -0.83
Copper (t) 99 332 100 065 88 108 88 337 73 780 -25.72 -16.48
Lead (t) 68 635 65 402 65 404 70 339 65 570 -4.47 -6.78
Selenium (t) 53 69 51 20 20 -62.26 0.00
Tellurium (t) 41 42 41 33 36 -12.20 9.09
Zinc (t) 247 657 234 811 236 416 233 958 217 596 -12.14 -6.99

Gold (kg) 7 972 8 249 8 805 8 054 7 358 -7.70 -8.64

Silver (kg) 419 926 400 929 428 585 422 086 404 055 -3.78 -4.27

Feldspar (t) 25 000 27 537 28 000 25 000 25 000 0.00 0.00

Sulfur (t) 347 990 339 890 375 370 379 200 385 000 10.64 1.53

Total (t) 20 276 336 20 997 425 20 882 028 19 716 317 20 012 913

Switzerland
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 330 000 320 000 330 000 330 000 330 000 0.00 0.00

Salt (t) 477 325 324 527 512 700 422 665 373 183 -21.82 -11.71

Total (t) 807 325 644 527 842 700 752 665 703 183

Syria
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 70 000 70 000 200 000 225 000 250 000 257.14 11.11
Phosphates (t) 134 000 580 000 400 000 250 000 250 000 86.57 0.00
Salt (t) 50 000 70 000 70 000 112 000 112 000 124.00 0.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 3 330 2 920 3 110 2 540 2 600 -21.92 2.36
Petroleum (t) 1 510 590 1 964 180 1 982 680 1 951 220 1 815 890 20.21 -6.94

Total (t) 4 428 590 5 020 180 5 140 680 4 570 220 4 507 890

Taiwan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 6 3 1 1 3 -50.00 200.00

Kaolin (t) 500 404 30 0 45 -91.00 .

Salt (t) 76 255 77 854 77 297 78 415 111 662 46.43 42.40
Sulfur (t) 195 358 167 337 192 228 162 571 122 238 -37.43 -24.81
Talc (t) 6 0 43 0 0 -100.00 .

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 255
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 167 105 110 96 91 -45.51 -5.21
Petroleum (t) 3 300 1 860 2 110 1 600 1 400 -57.58 -12.50

Total (t) 409 019 331 455 359 708 319 386 308 145

Tajikistan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 100 800 84 000 61 000 62 000 66 649 -33.88 7.50
Antimony (t) 29 900 24 070 24 110 14 500 14 800 -50.50 2.07
Copper (t) 8 500 978 4 480 19 240 4 500 -47.06 -76.61
Lead (t) 52 720 33 282 48 058 47 510 37 809 -28.28 -20.42
Mercury (t) 91 178 311 326 300 229.67 -7.98
Zinc (t) 78 150 48 416 70 573 59 055 45 071 -42.33 -23.68

Gold (kg) 8 100 8 764 9 330 9 225 9 220 13.83 -0.05

Silver (kg) 11 100 11 350 11 500 11 000 12 000 8.11 9.09

Fluorspar (t) 1 000 10 000 10 000 2 000 2 000 100.00 0.00

Gypsum (t) 14 000 8 183 12 500 15 100 15 500 10.71 2.65
Salt (t) 35 324 37 023 26 898 31 111 44 171 25.05 41.98

Steam Coal (t) 2 027 790 2 029 100 2 088 700 2 393 600 2 084 200 2.78 -12.93
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 1 1 1 1 0 -100.00 -100.00
Petroleum (t) 23 293 24 400 24 635 24 860 18 000 -22.72 -27.59

Total (t) 2 372 387 2 300 450 2 372 086 2 670 122 2 333 021

Tanzania
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 0 14 200 39 100 25 500 33 800 . 32.55

Bauxite (t) 0 25 995 38 142 40 921 61 353 . 49.93

Copper (t) 1 500 1 706 1 521 4 090 3 785 152.33 -7.46
Lithium (t) 0 20 57 . 185.00
Tin (t) 18 35 158 404 316 1 655.56 -21.78

Gold (kg) 48 408 55 805 59 638 56 943 54 760 13.12 -3.83

Silver (kg) 12 550 13 187 9 324 13 602 14 481 15.39 6.46

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 354 240 125 110 53 165 375 715 108 760 -69.30 -71.05
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 62 510 22 080 9 380 66 300 23 875 -61.81 -63.99
Graphite (t) 10 860 2 490 3 230 7 270 13 475 24.08 85.35
Gypsum (t) 256 529 443 926 598 053 604 408 549 836 114.34 -9.03
Kaolin (t) 15 343 98 454 100 950 46 973 75 247 390.43 60.19
Phosphates (t) 5 050 6 240 5 390 5 850 6 980 38.22 19.32
Salt (t) 99 510 83 974 112 995 181 818 159 020 59.80 -12.54

Steam Coal (t) 712 136 689 959 976 319 2 511 419 3 256 481 357.28 29.67
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 1 807 1 616 1 838 2 239 2 412 33.48 7.73

Total (t) 2 546 607 2 659 848 3 346 327 5 219 944 6 090 019

Abbreviations: see Definitions

256 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Thailand
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 10 950 70 210 201 450 117 800 215 320 1 866.39 82.78
Manganese (t) 2 305 670 0 320 290 -87.42 -9.38
Titanium (t) 64 84 36 1 0 -100.00 -100.00
Tungsten (t) 22 57 58 60 32 45.45 -46.67

Tin (t) 46 198 220 85 30 -34.78 -64.71

Gold (kg) 0 857 . .

Silver (kg) 0 10 417 . .

Baryte (t) 33 644 22 394 4 988 6 509 30 685 -8.80 371.42

Diatomite (t) 0 3 000 . .
Feldspar (t) 1 251 143 1 105 344 1 346 997 1 953 918 1 884 301 50.61 -3.56
Fluorspar (t) 22 247 9 807 9 766 59 243 187 566 743.11 216.60
Gypsum (t) 9 787 287 9 279 119 10 402 998 9 847 562 8 736 085 -10.74 -11.29
Kaolin (t) 92 414 87 320 124 798 86 076 169 644 83.57 97.09
Perlite (t) 15 000 3 500 3 500 2 500 2 500 -83.33 0.00
Salt (t) 1 580 390 1 439 877 1 563 970 1 737 090 1 392 649 -11.88 -19.83
Talc (t) 14 564 38 146 31 950 30 369 32 484 123.04 6.96

Lignite (t) 14 071 710 13 250 574 14 221 573 13 641 283 12 713 628 -9.65 -6.80
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 35 879 33 799 33 117 27 367 27 053 -24.60 -1.15
Petroleum (t) 10 813 080 10 077 510 8 820 540 7 134 630 6 780 010 -37.30 -4.97

Total (t) 66 398 066 62 424 010 63 226 444 56 511 046 53 790 635

Togo
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gold (kg) 8 227 3 565 3 600 3 600 3 600 -56.24 0.00

Diam. (Ind) (ct) 16 2 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Phosphates (t) 260 320 488 900 538 860 570 460 561 470 115.68 -1.58

Total (t) 260 328 488 904 538 864 570 464 561 474

Trinidad and Tobago

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 35 545 30 230 25 425 26 735 25 715 -27.66 -3.82
Petroleum (t) 3 869 080 3 600 510 3 652 900 3 524 510 3 236 260 -16.36 -8.18

Total (t) 32 305 080 27 784 510 23 992 900 24 912 510 23 808 260

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 257
Tunisia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 100 700 93 400 143 900 133 600 135 000 34.06 1.05

Lead (t) 300 900 1 500 900 1 000 233.33 11.11

Zinc (t) 1 500 1 000 1 900 1 400 1 600 6.67 14.29

Baryte (t) 10 000 10 000 11 100 10 000 10 000 0.00 0.00

Gypsum (t) 946 892 890 000 908 130 900 000 900 000 -4.95 0.00
Phosphates (t) 1 124 700 911 800 1 080 700 1 033 300 844 200 -24.94 -18.30
Salt (t) 1 966 528 1 666 075 1 889 614 1 900 000 1 900 000 -3.38 0.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 1 780 1 850 2 240 2 030 1 843 3.54 -9.21
Petroleum (t) 1 859 060 1 726 250 2 079 000 1 757 000 1 704 000 -8.34 -3.02

Total (t) 7 433 680 6 779 425 7 907 844 7 360 200 6 970 200

Türkiye
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 8 828 800 13 087 300 9 791 300 10 799 400 10 227 200 15.84 -5.30
Chromium (t) 1 528 700 1 087 400 1 227 900 1 142 300 1 152 200 -24.63 0.87
Cobalt (t) 115 250 290 320 400 247.83 25.00
Manganese (t) 39 900 35 600 30 300 36 900 35 700 -10.53 -3.25
Nickel (t) 4 740 20 200 11 650 14 540 18 390 287.97 26.48
Titanium (t) 6 130 6 455 7 080 6 860 0 -100.00 -100.00

Aluminium (t) 78 100 79 600 79 200 82 000 82 000 4.99 0.00

Antimony (t) 3 815 2 570 4 210 10 640 3 816 0.03 -64.14
Bauxite (t) 2 255 480 2 399 680 2 764 873 3 637 217 2 934 790 30.12 -19.31
Copper (t) 73 300 107 000 108 100 121 000 127 000 73.26 4.96
Lead (t) 60 770 70 650 81 170 72 130 69 230 13.92 -4.02
Zinc (t) 146 800 140 400 180 500 184 800 187 700 27.86 1.57

Gold (kg) 39 000 42 100 39 290 31 020 36 250 -7.05 16.86

Silver (kg) 241 590 98 270 162 670 143 260 96 130 -60.21 -32.90

Baryte (t) 413 811 283 161 256 076 344 322 215 946 -47.82 -37.28
Bentonite (t) 1 533 547 1 658 837 2 020 356 2 018 993 2 494 366 62.65 23.55
Boron (t) 2 040 000 1 680 000 2 540 000 2 590 000 1 920 000 -5.88 -25.87
Diatomite (t) 220 757 100 327 207 732 237 267 154 444 -30.04 -34.91
Feldspar (t) 9 447 810 10 050 911 12 936 959 15 781 540 9 478 458 0.32 -39.94
Fluorspar (t) 14 400 19 896 10 348 17 252 32 407 125.05 87.84
Graphite (t) 9 990 15 205 28 336 27 715 27 974 180.02 0.93
Gypsum (t) 7 489 129 9 280 864 10 620 061 10 679 212 10 336 796 38.02 -3.21
Kaolin (t) 1 283 776 1 224 746 1 748 014 2 289 367 1 348 023 5.00 -41.12
Magnesite (t) 1 496 081 1 560 818 1 927 280 1 820 068 1 333 728 -10.85 -26.72
Perlite (t) 1 174 486 1 146 341 1 428 695 1 319 432 1 174 125 -0.03 -11.01
Phosphates (t) 94 600 261 900 287 100 289 000 381 400 303.17 31.97
Salt (t) 6 961 015 7 698 018 7 843 502 9 085 711 8 587 332 23.36 -5.49
Sulfur (t) 242 600 117 400 120 600 132 700 140 800 -41.96 6.10
Talc (t) 92 077 143 470 220 350 43 196 232 927 152.97 439.23
Vermiculite (t) 1 370 19 230 3 300 21 230 10 500 666.42 -50.54

Abbreviations: see Definitions

258 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Steam Coal (t) 2 695 628 2 457 720 2 288 148 2 474 890 2 448 755 -9.16 -1.06
Coking Coal (t) 698 870 617 280 619 565 541 495 470 145 -32.73 -13.18
Lignite (t) 83 694 600 71 637 000 83 558 680 92 296 100 75 613 340 -9.66 -18.08
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 483 458 415 408 852 76.40 108.82
Petroleum (t) 2 984 800 3 202 924 3 441 659 3 583 040 4 094 898 37.19 14.29

Total (t) 136 002 678 130 579 693 146 725 536 162 027 211 136 016 522

Turkmenistan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Bentonite (t) 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 0.00 0.00

Potash (t) 11 100 16 000 19 000 26 500 260 700 2 248.65 883.77
Salt (t) 100 000 94 600 96 000 96 480 98 000 -2.00 1.58
Sulfur (t) 330 000 470 000 590 000 320 000 400 000 21.21 25.00

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 71 000 67 960 83 773 82 700 80 619 13.55 -2.52
Petroleum (t) 10 420 000 9 490 000 10 961 000 10 756 800 8 316 700 -20.19 -22.68

Total (t) 67 671 100 64 448 600 78 694 400 77 369 780 73 580 600

Uganda
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 0 0 34 300 61 600 216 700 . 251.79

Niobium (t) 3 52 9 0 0 -100.00 .
Tungsten (t) 87 7 25 38 20 -77.01 -47.37

Beryllium (t) 15 186 35 35 0 -100.00 -100.00

Tin (t) 15 0 7 0 0 -100.00 .

Gold (kg) 7 10 13 8 4 -42.86 -50.00

Diatomite (t) 0 96 433 21 0 . -100.00

Feldspar (t) 0 95 1 388 555 . -60.01
Kaolin (t) 10 448 12 014 10 264 226 8 809 -15.69 3 797.79
Vermiculite (t) 9 674 14 170 21 754 22 947 23 837 146.40 3.88

Total (t) 20 242 26 525 66 922 86 255 249 921

Ukraine
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 47 584 000 49 274 000 52 431 000 19 958 000 19 495 000 -59.03 -2.32
Manganese (t) 686 100 698 500 652 300 369 600 186 500 -72.82 -49.54
Titanium (t) 564 050 537 430 489 200 157 300 147 700 -73.81 -6.10

Gallium (t) 5 4 1 0 0 -100.00 .

Germanium (t) 1 1 1 0 0 -100.00 .

Bentonite (t) 124 700 125 000 125 000 50 000 50 000 -59.90 0.00
Feldspar (t) 60 000 50 000 60 000 30 000 30 000 -50.00 0.00

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 259
Graphite (t) 10 000 10 000 17 000 846 1 666 -83.34 96.93
Gypsum (t) 1 409 400 1 529 000 1 783 300 499 448 100 000 -92.90 -79.98
Kaolin (t) 1 843 561 1 680 891 2 317 723 647 980 550 000 -70.17 -15.12
Salt (t) 2 092 795 2 075 000 1 900 000 500 000 0 -100.00 -100.00
Sulfur (t) 220 400 223 500 255 600 150 000 100 000 -54.63 -33.33
Zircon (t) 18 000 16 000 28 800 14 100 5 000 -72.22 -64.54

Steam Coal (t) 19 747 200 17 733 500 20 554 900 17 829 600 13 330 000 -32.50 -25.24
Coking Coal (t) 5 783 200 6 434 800 3 207 000 2 480 000 3 109 000 -46.24 25.36
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 20 520 20 183 19 757 17 910 18 110 -11.74 1.12
Petroleum (t) 2 453 600 2 430 800 2 455 400 2 147 600 1 410 000 -42.53 -34.35
Uranium (t) 944 877 536 142 310 -67.16 118.31

Total (t) 99 013 956 98 965 703 102 083 361 59 162 616 53 003 176

United Arab Emirates

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 2 579 000 2 505 000 2 577 680 2 650 000 2 660 000 3.14 0.38

Sulfur (t) 5 980 000 5 500 000 5 950 000 5 384 000 6 300 000 5.35 17.01

Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 53 720 53 690 53 120 54 185 55 560 3.43 2.54
Petroleum (t) 179 898 440 165 945 480 163 436 800 181 125 330 176 067 470 -2.13 -2.79

Total (t) 231 433 440 216 902 480 214 460 480 232 507 330 229 475 470

United Kingdom
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Aluminium (t) 39 400 35 700 37 571 31 337 29 246 -25.77 -6.67

Lead (t) 150 100 100 100 100 -33.33 0.00

Gold (kg) 50 28 79 266 126 152.00 -52.63

Silver (kg) 130 100 358 1 328 650 400.00 -51.05

Baryte (t) 46 000 46 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 -34.78 0.00

Fluorspar (t) 14 000 15 000 16 674 13 000 8 000 -42.86 -38.46
Gypsum (t) 1 600 000 1 300 000 2 400 000 2 400 000 2 400 000 50.00 0.00
Kaolin (t) 644 000 572 000 735 000 788 000 771 994 19.87 -2.03
Potash (t) 88 480 99 260 110 460 133 420 141 260 59.65 5.88
Salt (t) 2 377 765 2 327 965 2 687 483 2 645 573 2 715 118 14.19 2.63
Sulfur (t) 130 000 106 000 107 000 121 000 120 000 -7.69 -0.83
Talc (t) 3 131 1 386 1 397 2 795 2 000 -36.12 -28.44

Steam Coal (t) 1 849 060 1 166 420 717 080 457 050 345 860 -81.30 -24.33
Coking Coal (t) 742 340 506 870 336 740 193 890 160 070 -78.44 -17.44
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 39 386 39 433 32 570 37 737 34 043 -13.57 -9.79
Petroleum (t) 52 856 200 49 361 500 41 162 470 38 036 800 33 754 600 -36.14 -11.26

Total (t) 91 899 326 87 084 601 74 397 975 75 042 566 67 712 649

Abbreviations: see Definitions

260 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
United States
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 29 547 000 24 100 000 30 100 000 24 687 000 28 295 000 -4.24 14.61
Cobalt (t) 500 600 650 500 500 0.00 0.00
Molybdenum (t) 43 600 51 100 41 100 34 600 34 000 -22.02 -1.73
Nickel (t) 13 500 16 700 18 400 17 500 16 400 21.48 -6.29
Titanium (t) 100 000 100 000 100 000 200 000 100 000 0.00 -50.00
Vanadium (t) 460 17 0 0 0 -100.00 .

Aluminium (t) 1 126 032 1 026 617 907 846 872 270 750 000 -33.39 -14.02
Bauxite (t) 154 900 16 440 0 12 580 48 230 -68.86 283.39
Beryllium (t) 4 050 4 160 4 380 4 330 4 590 13.33 6.00
Cadmium (t) 131 211 241 212 375 186.26 76.89
Copper (t) 1 260 000 1 200 000 1 230 000 1 230 000 1 130 000 -10.32 -8.13
Germanium (t) 2 2 2 2 2 0.00 0.00
Lead (t) 266 000 297 000 286 000 264 000 263 000 -1.13 -0.38
Lithium (t) 1 450 1 220 2 505 1 640 1 325 -8.62 -19.21
Mercury (t) 15 15 15 15 15 0.00 0.00
Rare Earths (t) 27 620 38 503 42 413 42 499 41 557 50.46 -2.22
Rhenium (kg) 8 360 8 830 9 290 8 870 9 410 12.56 6.09
Selenium (t) 144 66 112 112 100 -30.56 -10.71
Tellurium (t) 2 2 10 10 10 400.00 0.00
Zinc (t) 753 000 723 000 704 000 763 000 767 000 1.86 0.52

Gold (kg) 201 000 193 400 187 000 173 000 170 000 -15.42 -1.73
Palladium (kg) 14 323 14 555 13 725 10 096 10 251 -28.43 1.54
Platinum (kg) 4 152 4 203 4 017 3 003 3 038 -26.83 1.17
Rhodium (kg) 100 100 100 100 100 0.00 0.00
Silver (kg) 981 000 1 080 000 1 020 000 1 010 000 1 020 000 3.98 0.99

Baryte (t) 414 000 125 409 257 450 361 582 344 750 -16.73 -4.66
Bentonite (t) 4 520 000 4 250 000 4 580 000 4 580 000 4 360 000 -3.54 -4.80
Boron (t) 1 030 000 830 000 900 000 1 160 000 1 200 000 16.50 3.45
Diatomite (t) 768 000 822 000 998 000 827 000 849 000 10.55 2.66
Feldspar (t) 450 000 480 000 420 000 430 000 450 000 0.00 4.65
Gypsum (t) 21 600 000 21 300 000 20 800 000 22 300 000 21 500 000 -0.46 -3.59
Kaolin (t) 5 120 000 4 640 000 4 360 000 4 340 000 4 560 000 -10.94 5.07
Magnesite (t) 294 590 419 076 442 976 357 811 523 540 77.72 46.32
Perlite (t) 629 000 853 000 879 000 672 000 654 000 3.97 -2.68
Phosphates (t) 6 547 000 6 604 000 6 070 000 5 564 000 5 508 000 -15.87 -1.01
Potash (t) 510 000 460 000 480 000 430 000 390 000 -23.53 -9.30
Salt (t) 44 800 000 42 600 000 39 300 000 39 400 000 42 000 000 -6.25 6.60
Sulfur (t) 8 710 000 7 880 000 8 070 000 8 640 000 8 650 000 -0.69 0.12
Talc (t) 578 000 491 000 577 000 511 000 508 000 -12.11 -0.59
Vermiculite (t) 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 0.00 0.00
Zircon (t) 30 000 30 000 30 000 20 000 20 000 -33.33 0.00

Steam Coal (t) 521 540 300 394 850 100 429 228 900 439 784 100 426 601 300 -18.20 -3.00
Coking Coal (t) 64 168 100 50 358 700 56 084 900 55 280 200 59 982 200 -6.52 8.51
Lignite (t) 48 255 700 44 783 600 42 968 700 43 115 700 37 082 300 -23.15 -13.99
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 959 920 957 430 977 770 1 026 630 1 070 480 11.52 4.27
Petroleum (t) 809 941 800 777 010 300 784 368 000 839 163 500 909 154 300 12.25 8.34
Uranium (t) 79 7 9 88 23 -70.89 -73.86

Total (t) 2 341 242 183 2 152 408 146 2 216 569 843 2 316 472 456 2 412 274 729

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 261
Uruguay
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 2 510 1 240 3 310 2 220 910 -63.75 -59.01

Bentonite (t) 6 730 16 550 19 710 21 574 15 547 131.01 -27.94

Feldspar (t) 100 210 240 300 800 700.00 166.67
Talc (t) 50 520 570 1 162 145 190.00 -87.52

Total (t) 9 390 18 520 23 830 25 256 17 402

Uzbekistan
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Molybdenum (t) 800 741 854 785 713 -10.88 -9.17

Tungsten (t) 100 60 40 27 77 -23.00 185.19

Bismuth (t) 2 2 2 3 0 -100.00 -100.00

Cadmium (t) 250 450 470 453 470 88.00 3.75
Copper (t) 137 300 142 800 148 500 148 520 148 500 8.16 -0.01
Indium (t) 1 1 1 1 1 0.00 0.00
Lead (t) 19 100 18 400 30 500 17 200 14 550 -23.82 -15.41
Rhenium (kg) 800 585 631 650 670 -16.25 3.08
Selenium (t) 30 40 90 35 35 16.67 0.00
Tellurium (t) 2 3 5 3 3 50.00 0.00
Zinc (t) 35 400 37 200 42 000 42 000 41 600 17.51 -0.95

Gold (kg) 100 900 100 000 100 360 105 540 107 120 6.16 1.50
Palladium (kg) 28 91 160 93 60 114.29 -35.48
Silver (kg) 172 000 196 000 211 500 217 725 239 500 39.24 10.00

Bentonite (t) 32 588 48 739 59 053 60 000 60 000 84.12 0.00

Kaolin (t) 377 184 373 440 413 910 441 900 580 000 53.77 31.25
Phosphates (t) 137 100 150 500 158 700 160 100 186 500 36.03 16.49
Potash (t) 198 400 210 000 197 600 228 000 238 500 20.21 4.61
Sulfur (t) 511 900 516 600 534 600 541 700 517 000 1.00 -4.56

Steam Coal (t) 245 168 246 800 258 100 264 800 352 000 43.58 32.93
Lignite (t) 3 807 600 3 869 375 4 781 193 5 073 900 5 836 000 53.27 15.02
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 60 712 49 768 53 802 51 678 46 710 -23.06 -9.61
Petroleum (t) 2 815 400 2 030 400 2 098 040 2 075 026 1 977 700 -29.75 -4.69
Uranium (t) 4 127 4 127 4 158 4 198 4 304 4.29 2.53

Total (t) 56 892 326 47 464 375 51 769 729 50 401 376 47 326 301

Venezuela
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 2 062 800 1 159 000 1 372 500 4 575 000 2 440 000 18.29 -46.67

Aluminium (t) 10 000 9 996 38 340 8 430 10 000 0.00 18.62

Bauxite (t) 50 000 0 22 000 770 000 900 000 1 700.00 16.88

Gold (kg) 9 100 9 000 9 000 9 000 9 000 -1.10 0.00

Abbreviations: see Definitions

262 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
Diam. (Gem) (ct) 0 794 457 1 665 0 . -100.00
Feldspar (t) 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 0.00 0.00
Phosphates (t) 21 500 20 000 20 000 10 000 10 000 -53.49 0.00
Salt (t) 600 000 500 000 300 000 350 000 650 700 8.45 85.91
Sulfur (t) 500 000 300 000 300 000 300 000 300 000 -40.00 0.00

Steam Coal (t) 379 907 683 583 223 660 148 585 150 000 -60.52 0.95
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 25 576 21 561 28 059 29 056 29 683 16.06 2.16
Oil Sands* (t) 18 000 000 14 900 000 15 000 000 18 000 000 20 000 000 11.11 11.11
Petroleum (t) 53 437 200 34 631 750 34 450 740 37 511 430 43 727 330 -18.17 16.57

Total (t) 77 552 216 54 583 138 59 204 449 66 948 254 71 964 439

*Oil Sands as part of Petroleum

Vietnam
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Iron (t) 3 663 400 2 136 200 1 850 300 1 084 400 876 700 -76.07 -19.15
Manganese (t) 106 000 121 100 147 000 155 000 150 000 41.51 -3.23
Nickel (t) 0 2 100 . .
Titanium (t) 112 680 139 760 156 000 156 210 114 500 1.62 -26.70
Tungsten (t) 4 816 5 970 11 735 10 817 7 900 64.04 -26.97

Antimony (t) 396 312 268 517 394 -0.51 -23.79

Bauxite (t) 3 700 000 3 610 000 4 100 000 3 900 000 3 800 000 2.70 -2.56
Bismuth (t) 917 993 2 067 1 938 1 148 25.19 -40.76
Copper (t) 29 240 30 780 33 930 34 560 29 040 -0.68 -15.97
Lead (t) 12 500 14 100 16 350 20 560 15 870 26.96 -22.81
Rare Earths (t) 300 700 1 000 1 300 1 100 266.67 -15.38
Tin (t) 6 071 7 229 7 804 8 016 9 079 49.55 13.26
Zinc (t) 13 000 11 150 10 700 14 420 20 970 61.31 45.42

Gold (kg) 540 559 664 1 114 962 78.15 -13.64

Silver (kg) 500 555 670 1 451 1 744 248.80 20.19

Baryte (t) 43 000 51 500 39 600 42 000 48 500 12.79 15.48

Fluorspar (t) 238 003 219 920 215 027 217 975 146 007 -38.65 -33.02
Graphite (t) 3 500 3 700 1 200 500 1 100 -68.57 120.00
Kaolin (t) 100 000 100 000 100 000 50 000 50 000 -50.00 0.00
Phosphates (t) 1 346 880 606 650 813 960 711 780 895 020 -33.55 25.74
Salt (t) 945 000 1 134 600 1 208 100 569 900 648 700 -31.35 13.83
Zircon (t) 6 600 10 700 30 400 16 500 16 750 153.79 1.52

Steam Coal (t) 47 158 000 44 598 400 48 315 600 49 688 100 47 258 700 0.21 -4.89
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 10 200 9 160 7 460 8 080 7 468 -26.78 -7.57
Petroleum (t) 11 043 000 9 650 000 9 100 000 8 980 000 8 628 000 -21.87 -3.92

Total (t) 76 693 305 69 781 766 72 129 043 72 128 495 68 695 981

Yemen
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Gypsum (t) 20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 0.00 0.00

Salt (t) 50 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 50 000 0.00 0.00

Abbreviations: see Definitions

World Mining Data 2025 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t 263
Nat. Gas (Mio m3) 100 20 20 20 20 -80.00 0.00
Petroleum (t) 3 967 300 3 588 000 3 289 000 2 750 800 1 447 100 -63.52 -47.39

Total (t) 4 117 300 3 674 000 3 375 000 2 836 800 1 533 100

Zambia
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Cobalt (t) 1 271 316 247 252 207 -83.71 -17.86

Manganese (t) 11 970 20 000 56 860 68 230 73 560 514.54 7.81
Nickel (t) 2 500 2 760 3 672 3 946 7 848 213.92 98.88

Beryllium (t) 7 2 6 7 6 -14.29 -14.29

Copper (t) 796 430 882 061 830 357 795 141 732 583 -8.02 -7.87

Gold (kg) 4 522 3 994 3 987 3 409 2 145 -52.57 -37.08

Sulfur (t) 960 200 917 300 691 900 640 800 576 200 -39.99 -10.08

Steam Coal (t) 361 648 446 153 663 345 823 450 706 115 95.25 -14.25

Total (t) 2 134 031 2 268 596 2 246 391 2 331 829 2 096 521

Zimbabwe
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Change Change
19/23 22/23

Chromium (t) 720 330 572 460 644 400 499 400 484 800 -32.70 -2.92
Cobalt (t) 402 956 298 211 386 -3.98 82.94
Nickel (t) 16 918 16 480 16 213 14 260 17 784 5.12 24.71
Tungsten (t) 37 30 8 18 0 -100.00 -100.00

Copper (t) 8 731 7 933 8 650 10 168 14 221 62.88 39.86

Lithium (t) 2 650 860 1 670 3 540 33 900 1 179.25 857.63

Gold (kg) 29 429 20 873 31 477 37 265 32 391 10.06 -13.08

Palladium (kg) 11 640 12 890 12 619 13 935 15 857 36.23 13.79
Platinum (kg) 13 857 15 004 14 732 16 460 19 180 38.41 16.52
Rhodium (kg) 1 224 1 368 1 334 1 461 1 672 36.60 14.44
Silver (kg) 1 500 1 522 2 677 1 545 753 -49.80 -51.26

Diam. (Gem) (ct) 423 840 534 090 844 860 968 800 764 730 80.43 -21.06
Diam. (Ind) (ct) 1 695 350 2 136 370 3 379 440 3 875 220 4 333 480 155.61 11.83
Phosphates (t) 8 100 13 500 11 900 6 600 2 700 -66.67 -59.09
Vermiculite (t) 25 524 26 388 27 713 26 380 28 277 10.79 7.19

Steam Coal (t) 2 428 370 2 328 030 1 716 120 3 125 100 3 826 750 57.59 22.45
Coking Coal (t) 301 550 422 860 1 529 890 1 060 300 1 071 990 255.49 1.10

Total (t) 3 512 670 3 389 549 3 956 926 4 746 048 5 480 879

Abbreviations: see Definitions

264 Total Prod.: different units (m3, ct, kg) converted to metr. t World Mining Data 2025
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