India – Size and Location

DPP-01

Topic: Location and Size

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through which state?

2. What is the easternmost longitude of India?
3. Which latitude divides India into two equal halves?
4. In which hemispheres does India lie?
5. What is the position of India in the largest countries of the world based on area?
6. What is the distance between north-south and east-west extremity of India in kilometres?
7. Why is India called a peninsula?
8. Name the group of islands lying in the Arabian Sea.
9. Mention island groups of India lying in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.
10. Which island group of India lies to its south-east?
11. What is the location of India with respect to latitude and longitude?
12. What is meant by Indian Standard Time?

Short Answer Type Questions

13. What is the size of India? What is its rank with respect to the world in terms of size?
14. Explain the size and geographical extent of India.
15. Although the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the mainland is about 30∘ . Despite this fact
the east-west extent appears to be smaller than the north-south extent. Why?
16. Explain the major reasons for the two-hour time difference in local time between Arunachal
Pradesh and Gujarat.
17. The sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh as compared to Gujarat in the west but the
watches show the same time. How does this happen?
OR
What is the time lag between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat? How is a uniform time set at all
places?

Long Answer Type Questions

18. State the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India's mainland. What is the latitude of Tropic of
Cancer?
 OR
What is the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India? Name the imaginary line which divided
India into north and south.
19. Why is the difference between the durations of day and night hardly felt at Kanniyakumari but
not so in Kashmir?
20. Why is 82∘ 30′ E has been chosen as the Standard Meridian of India? Explain the reason. OR
Mention three reasons of selecting only one Standard Meridian for India's standard time.
 Answers
1. Odisha
2. 97∘ 25′ E
3. Tropic of Cancer (23∘ 30′ N)
4. India lies completely in Northern and Eastern Hemisphere.
5. Seventh
6. North-South-3214 km North-West-2933 km
7. India is called a peninsula because it is surrounded on three sides by water bodies, Indian Ocean,
Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.
8. Lakshadweep Islands lie in the Arabian Sea.
9. Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands.
10. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
11. The mainland extends between latitudes 8∘ 4 ′
N and 37∘ 6′ N and longitudes 68∘ 7 'E and
97∘ 25′ E.
12. The time applicable all over India is Indian Standard Time.
13. The land mass of India has an area of 3.28 million square km. India's total area accounts for
about 2.4 per cent of the total geographical area of the world and ranks seventh largest country of
the world.
14. Size and geographical extent:
(i) The mainland extends between latitude 8∘ 44′ N and 37∘ 6 ' N and longtitude 68∘ 4 ' N and
97∘ 25′ E.
(ii) The land mass of India has an area of 3.28 million sq km.
(iii) India has a land boundary of about 15,200km and length of coastline including island
7,516.6km.
15. The east-west extent appears to be smaller than the north-south extent despite the fact that the
latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the mainland is about 30∘ because the distance between the
longitudes becomes less as we move towards the poles from the equator as a result east west
extent is less in kms (2933 km). As India lies on the Tropic of Cancer so in comparison with the
equator the distance between the longitudes is less than that on the equator, whereas the
latitudinal extent remains the same from equator to the poles.
16. (i) Arunachal Pradesh lies on the eastern-most tip of the country and Gujarat lies on the western
most tip.
(ii) The longitudinal difference between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat is of 30∘ .
(iii) Hence, the sun rays will take 2 hours to travel from Arunachal Pradesh to Gujarat.
(iv) If the Earth takes 4 minutes to travel 1∘ of longitude it would take 30∘ × 4 = 120min or 2
hours to cross the distance between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat. Thus, their time difference
in local time is 2 hours.
17. The time difference between any two longitude is 4 minutes. The longitudinal difference
between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat is 30∘ so there is a time lag of two hours. Hence, time
 along the Standard Meridian of India (82∘ 30′ E) passing through Mirzapur (in Uttar Pradesh) is
taken as the Standard Time for the whole country.
18. Latitudinal extension of India: 8∘ 4′ N − 37∘ 6′ N
Longitudinal extension of India:
68∘ 7′ E − 97∘ 25′ E
Longitudinal of Tropic of Cancer is: 23∘ 30′ N.
19. (i) The difference in the duration of day and night at Kanniyakumari and Kashmir are
respectively due to their latitudinal locations.
(ii) Kanniyakumari is located closer to the equator i.e.,8∘ away from the Equator.
(iii) It receives maximum sunlight and experience a minimum gap between day and night. On the
other hand, Kashmir lies further away from the Equator and experiences as significant gap
between the duration of day and night.
20. The Standard Meridian of India is chosen due to the following reasons:
(i) Many longitudes pass through India from west to east.
(ii) The longitudinal extent of India is about 30∘ for every 1∘ of longitude there is a time
difference of one hour. Hence, for an interval of 30∘ there is a time difference of nearly two
hours between the eastern and the western most extremity of India. To avoid the confusion of
time, 82∘ 30′ E longitude has been chosen as the Standard Meridian.
(iii) There is a general understanding among the countries of the world to select a Standard
Meridian in multiples of 712∘ both to the east and west of the Prime Meridian so that the
minimum time difference between 2 countries is half an hour.
(iv) The Standard Meridian of a country should pass through, as far as possible the middle of a
country. 82∘ 30′ E longitude passes almost centrally through India, hence equidistance from the
east and west.
 India – Size and Location

DPP-02

Topic: India and the World

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1 What is the location of Indian landmass with respect to the world?

2 Which ideas from India could reach many parts of the world?
3 What commodities were taken from India to different countries of the world?
4 How much distance has been reduced between India and Europe by the construction of the Suez
Canal?
5 Name the countries which are larger than India.

Short Answer Type Questions

6 "Our country has cultural linkage with entire Asian countries through the ages." Explain the
statement.
7 The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance.
Why?
8 When did the Suez Canal start functioning and how did it benefit India?

Long Answer Type Questions

9 How can you say that India had a close links with other parts of the world in ancient times?
 Answers

1. The Indian landmass has a central location between the East and the West Asia.
2. The ideas of the Upanishads and Ramayana, the stories of Panchtantra, the Indian numerals and
the decimal system could reach the world.
3. The spices, muslin and many other merchandise were taken from India to other parts of the
world.
4. 7,000km distance
5. Russia, Canada, USA, China, Brazil and Australia.
6. Significance of India's central location:
India: A southward extension of the Asian subcontinent.
(i) Trans-Indian Ocean routes connect the countries of Europe in the West and the countries of
east Asia which provides strategic location to our country.
(ii) The Deccan peninsula protrudes into the Indian Ocean, thus helping to establish close contact
with west Asia, Africa and Europe from western coast and with southeast and east Asia from the
eastern coast.
7. The Indian landmass has a central location between the East and the West Asia. India is a
southward extension of the Asian continent. The trans Indian Ocean routes which connect the
countries of Europe in the West and the countries of East Asia provide a strategic central location
to India. The Deccan Peninsula protrudes into the Indian Ocean, thus helping India to establish
close contact with West Asia, Africa and Europe from the western coast and with Southeast and
East Asia from the eastern coast.
8. The Suez Canal started functioning in 1869. Benefits to India:
(i) It reduced the distance between India and Europe by 7,000km.
(ii) The canal is the boom for trade as it had reduced the transportation cost and number of days
involved.
9. India enjoyed prominent position in the world in ancient times because of the following :-
(i) India has the longest central lines on the Indian ocean which used to be a lot of trade.
(ii) These routes have contributed in the exchange of ideas and commodities since ancient times.
(iii) The trans-Indian ocean route connects countries of Europe in west.
(iv) Countries of East Asia provide a strategic location to India.
(v) The ideas of the Upanishads and the Ramayana, the stories of Panchatantra, the Indian
numerals and the decimal system thus could reach many parts of the world.
(vi) The spices, muslin and other merchandise were taken from India to different countries.
(vi) On the other hand, the influence of Greek sculpture, and the architectural styles of dome and
minarets from West Asia can be seen in different parts of our country.
 India – Size and Location

DPP-03

Topic: India’s Neighbours

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. How many states and union territories India has?

2. Which is the smallest state of India area wise?
3. Which is the largest state of India?
4. Name the southernmost part of India and Indian mainland?
5. With which country do states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikkim
have common frontiers?
6. If you visit Kavaratti Island, which union territory of India you will be going to? Mention its
location.
7. Which island countries are our southern neighbours?
8. My friends hails from a country which does not share land boundary with India. Identify the
country.
9. Name the countries sharing borders with India.
10. Which states of India share their borders with Myanmar, China and Pakistan?
11. Name the states which do not have an international border or do not lie on the coast.
12. Name the Eastern coastal states of India.
13. Name the Western coastal states from South to North?
14. Which neighbouring country is located in the west of India?
15. Who are India's neighbours in the north-west?

Short Answer Type Questions

16. Name the neighbouring countries of India with respect to their direction.
17. Why is India called a subcontinent? How is it separated?
18. Which neighbouring island country lies to the south east of India? Name the water bodies that
separate this Island country from India.
 Answers
1. 29 states and 7 union territories
2. Goa
3. Rajasthan
4. Southern most part of India - Indira Point
Southern most part of Indian mainland - Kanniyakumari
5. Nepal
6. (i) Lakshadweep
(ii) It lies in the Arabian Sea.
(iii) 3.28 million square kilometre. (India's landmass)
7. Sri Lanka and Maldives
8. Tajikistan
9. India shares its land boundaries with Pakistan and Afghanistan in the north west, China (Tibet),
Nepal and Bhutan in the north, Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east.
10. With Myanmar-Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur and Nagaland.
With China-Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal
Pradesh.
With Pakistan-Gujarat, Rajasthan, Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir.
11. Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Haryana.
12. Odisha, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh.
13. Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat.
14. Pakistan
15. Pakistan and Afghanistan
16. India shares its land boundaries with Pakistan and Afghanistan in the northwest, China (Tibet),
Nepal and Bhutan in the north and Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east. Our southern
neighbours across the sea consist of the two island countries, namely Sri Lanka and Maldives.
Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by Palk Strait and the Gulf
of Mannar while Maldives Islands are situated to the south of Lakshadweep Islands.
17. India is called a subcontinent because it is big landmass, which stands out as a distinct
geographical unit from the rest of the continent. It is separated by natural features like mountains
and rivers. India is also separated from rest of the continent by the mighty Himalayas.
18. Sri Lanka is the neighbouring country that lies to the south east of India.
Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by the Palk Strait and the
Gulf of Mannar.
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