1.

There are received 68,000 kg/h of steam by an ideal regenerated engine, having only one
heater, of which the heater receives 15,400 kg/h; the condenser receives the remainder at 0.007
MPa. lf the heater pressure is 0.96 MPa, find the state (quality or 'SH) of the steam (a) at the
heater entrance and (b) at the condenser entrance. Ans. (a) saturated, (b) 78.5% quality
Given:
.l = @8ooo ks/n f L

m = t5qoCI Rglh B5
7z = o.oo+ lA?q 0.qb
Pz = O.qb MPo 0rl 5
oo7
q 3

i
F
*' t94QO
;aoro
o.22qe+o5ggZ \5

A Ye = o.ari N,tpa h,s. 0'4boozz? t l;.Ao

h,{ = [-trq = rLb3. {o kJ /kc1 ' ltr{ laro 522 ,u)01
!4 = V++ = o.oo\ oa14 mi / \.g
Wp, - \4 1. ?a - ?u)
'- 0. ootoo+4 (qtto ' l)
= 0 qooo5zz

fr ?, ' O.qb
-- hrE , nb|, \ \t /Kg
1.,
^/P6r
CI

nr= hs-h : ?55.0r - t*.A6ooszt

hz-he+ h" - 1to4. sbwaL
h. =2+72 q74+51 < n9 A o,qtoM& (,//€+)
d o.qb tAh
h+ = 155.01 6, = 2.lz1S
hr3- ToLt' \t'rg= 441aq
hr= hr- rxh+g
21:tLAaqTVa =?55-ol +x(zozi r)
) = qq.aQlc1ro31 '!o @ 0'oo? \lPq
5s = & t xsrg
$z= t{ + Ys+, 6.6qta.l8cog= o.b5q2 + y(+.tt,,+
x = 78. fioo;\ae,l,
= 2.1|5 I r(4 r+dq
$z = a.51 fi4$Go1 il/ur, ' s3
 2. A 10,000 kW turbo generator operating at rated capacity receives 52,000 kg/h of steam
2.90MPa and 310'C, exhaust is at 0.007 MPa. At 1.20 MPa and 230'C, there are
extracted 20o/o of throttle flow for regenerative heating of fgedwater. The generator efficiency
95%. For an ideal and engine, find (a) the quantity of steam extracted, kg/h (b) W and (c) e.
the actual engine , find (d) the temperature of feedwater from the open heater (e) n and (0
approximate enthalpy of exhaust steam and its quality. Ans.'(a) 12,428 kg/h; (b) 787.3 kJ/kg,
35.48a/o (d) 167.5"C (6) 87.9% (f) 2143.8 kJtKg,}Z.z%

T
I
d Point L (s..^perheat€C )
?, = z.qo \A?6 , T, = ?l o oC ?v o
h, = io2t.G N/kg 1.2 l\t?a

.-f, = G.6o2o ht/ kg< I

0.00i MPa
2
oi pin* 2
,12=.Cr *b.Go2Q
7z = l.2o \fk' s
(Sg qs. ) (q&hcoted d rcr* Bq (subcrro\€C)
? -- 2.qo Nlh ; a,= 3\o\ WP, = vq (Ps-Pa)
h, = h2l .t" VJ /kg = o'ooroor4 (oo- + )
sr = 6. Gc2o VJ/l<al< = l.20 19282 k.J /kg
.:h Wp, - hp4 'h,t

;599e 2s\5,q \"0\8292 =hsq'1b3.40

G <,ozc h. hs4 = \bq. boizg'L 4 /V
C!, blo3
Z?Zt' ? 00?'55 l:'S /Uc'l
6z =
d Point 3 ( we+ )

P3 = 0. Col MPa I',6 "- hr + xh+s

-- 1b0. L)o -t f Cz4dr.r )
& = Ob&z ha -- \bo,Ao
3b' l:11c1 htx" ,.qoq. r = 204q.12oo17 4 /kg
-r
J r/a
-3-' Sf x>4g r , . .\
x = o.?B ao80B5o6 d b tsot
ryvr+ lrgqtd l
A foic,f
tl [s.,t' tiqrrrd ) Ps = ?z - 1,2- I't!?q
pq. ?e . 0.oOr 1.47o hg-- h+y -- tc6. cs hJl (9
6* , hfu . lbi.4O f-J /fg VE- = Vts = o.oo lt: Bg; rttj / xg

V* ltq , -- O.ootool't n3 /Ug

I
 a 9s (sub'o"ld)
Poin* Wp, = hro -\ae
wP' = v5 ( f'- Pe) l.q4V45= hss-7qA.Og
- o.oottv|S tuoo - teOo) hBe = @0. Sggqt hJ 'kg
= qa${E il /Vfi
t.

o) m= hs Yg.6g - tb4.e:tgz?,2 (5zo: )

hz * he\ 2qzl .?00"155 - \bq.cntbt-82-
259 ks
t?-.,4o+.$7 /nI

u) W= (h,-h.) + tl-m)thr-hr)
30zl .b - LgLl.1ooa55 + ( r- o.13 bbt2e?44) (zszr. 7o?55 - zo#
781,s2301o-7 hJ /\
+81, szd 9to1
= *fl-
\N
c) P. LC vozl,6 -zqb, GS
x ioo? 3V,4L6qqgBro "i,

d) fl.t, = 0.,1_

lTl, =
hs - hu+ g
ho - hpq
t"o6
yJ @
0.1-
z 1qg. G5 - ttt4. bot82ts2 En jwo
= 1yy t, Sboo
h"- tb4. (?otbzB2 auw /1n [rnr)W'
ha = ?Bgg-q kl/kg
G = nr.r41o14b2G \4/ug V!' = (h,-h,.') + ( t-m;1h, -hs )
tnT -Coz\.b - zo%.7) j- f l-.2 )
?oc. oB tbl (nagq- zo4a. 9 zor?" )
TDq.lbtcbLL T = h3.qe 1n)o4 hJ / kg
-1ro.45 tvb
TboO
T = ltr+. 773=lqot 'c n' 5 2(Oo 3. Vg31 %4
x ioo'/o

€) m*= L? = to;oo-
izooo
lrVv- -
!J
BG,\2O 1o

'
- 5,2 kg /twh

,l

I
 3. A 25,000 kW turQo-generator is supplied with 128,000 kg/h of steam at 2.50 MPa and
when developing it rated load there are actually extracted 10,400 kgih at 0.3 MPa and 8300
at 0.06 MPa. The condenser pressure is 0.007 MPa and actual feedwater temperature is 1

for the ideal engine find (a)various percentage of extracted steam and (b) e. for the actual
find (c) the various percentages of extracted steam (d) m. € e, and (0 n. (g) Find the
enthalpy of the exhaust if the generator efficiency if 96%. Ans. (a) 8.5%, 7.l%o; (b) 37.1%,
8.12o/o, 6.480/o, (d) 5. 12 (e) 260/o, (fl 7A.7Yo (O 2460kJ/kg.

A relnt 1- (s'-rPerheqted) T
?,= 25 l',,ilPo , T, -- 400eC
h, = Z2 jn.3 fJ ,zrq
.S, = 1,ot4B kJ /kq
A ?ota,f 2-
sz= S,= 1or4B Rn/4
?z = O,? M?a
59 = b9s\q h'J ,rkg K L 5z (sut
\9

sh d forn* q [we+)
A, q7 To 211+ 9
Jl's, = 1.A48 \:J /Kgl<
1 arlr B hz
LaAq ?q * o.oo? MPa
7 c7b3 4
.
54= )a ar r,C
X>f?
h. = ?a4q.1\0o56\|/V o 5592+ x(?'T\b7)
?,or4B =
)' 0,v369132L
J fg = 1,7\,,s1 hg " 14oq'l
hq=hr lxh{e
'\ol.qo+ x(zaoal )
A ?orni 3 (wet)
53 = Sr -- 1.0i48 kJi€K
?a - o.oro\'Jt?a
(r4 - aua^,.
I'J9LV ./ 53 (wel)
a Point 5 [sat lrqurd)
-
)1t53 h+= 35q'8A P5= P,t; Oooa MPa
Sq =
hs -- he s -- t@3' 40 vJ /kg
5(1 b 3go7 hq = 22q3 b
I

x = O.qlqQe?-l\9 !v =- Vf s ' o ool sst$ fi=/S

ho= 3'v9.ga + x(22q3'(o)
A Pornl' Bg (suucPc,ld)
h: . 2qto7. ?22qb+ kl / Xg
Wp, -- V, ( P.- P, )
+)
= o. oot 0Ol4 ( <,o-
Wp, = her- hs < o .o533qzZ ho / kg
ogz.laL2- = hat - tbl
qD
A
hay = ttoT.q133qLL 1^1 / kg

I
 6 6 (sct. rrqurd)
?cirfi A Poinr + [3;r1, lrqurd)
Pa= 7a = oob MPq ?t = ?z = Q.3 M?a

1.,,, - hrc = 1q.8G AlUg h+ -- hl+ = zbt. q+ w/k3

Vo - tj+e - o a)o 33\ *' /kg Va ' Vf+ -- o.colo?o2 .'/V

d ?o\nf 8r" [e uUco<rleC) 6l lotoi B+ fsuU.stsC)

wPz=\o(Pr-?r) W?3= r/+(P,-l})
:O. -* 0.ooto132i zg@- 7co)
ooloo 131 ( 1oO- @)
" O,2:r19\4 P 2Y tv t

hlP. - Vr.' 35q. eG \A/p3= h91 -hr

h1o = ?bO. \oaC44 c, 4aw\ -- hn - 561. 4V
hffi = gai'ZztO4
h+ - hs,,
o,) f0, = :----T:
' hz-hac
= 561 4a - 3Go' lolqqq x too'd B. L\n1Y_zcFrg 7o

z1 34."lpoyc - .too, tDlq 44

l^02 -- ho - hBy
hr- 99

= ,?1.bo: \!tj.q?7Jqzz ;< )0olt. ".6

38545 '01
"/.

21 14,?16)Sb' IG 3 . 4923972

b] lAJ = (h, *h.) * (t-mr){rn,-h:1 +( t-nr -fi,)(br-hq)

= {3zT Z - 2n74 .ltob5^o) t t r .ogLilgB )( zr a+. }toovt,- 2q07' 1:.2) t
(r - o.08qlqB - o.oa GaB54y) i2tlbt.7224b -2fta'T))
-- qnl.2q570ta N lAg

A.
nql,2qrAoqT ,. \ glolo 7T-otBaz+ t4'l
F l?a7' Ebt c}

c,) m, = -lq1gt x roo"/o

gob 12 o

0, \zs 'J,

rnz= 9?99 x,oo'1,

t2gooo

16 4811+5 "/"

I
 oC
1. Steam at 6.2 MPq and 480 is received by a regenerative engine. Extraction for feedwater
heating occurs at 3 MPa and again al 1.4 MPa, with the remaining steam expanding to 0.0065
MPa. For the ideal engine with a throttle flow of 54,500 kg/hr, find (a) the hourly quantities
steam extracted, (b) the turbine work in kW, and (c) the thermal efficiency. (d) For an ideal cycle
through the same states, calculate Qa and e".

L
T
,
m, 3tA?a

fli2 t.Q [.lPa

9t
0. Wb9 u7^
(t^.n, -m.) +

h A b.2 MPq ord AW'C = 33a\.8 K/rg

h a 3 M?a qd Sz oqual to s, = jt5o N i Fr7
h ol 1e[ NlPa qnd s3 quo\ fu jr = zg5b rJ/kg
h d 0.oOG-s MPa oncJ .;4 equa\ to 6l = 2\oS yJlv
l'.,-f d O WrS MPo = t51. (o7 hlr /kg

Ia lqMPa = Bao,so $/V-k:

h+ = h+ CI 3 lrrlPo = \o0B- qL /fq
\rr= rlt ol 0.00a9 \JtPo = o.oorooid nt/Bq
!f+ ' V1 a a \A?q = o,Oo l2lbg rn'lkq
\Np: = V++ (?o+ -'.-)' Co'ooawb) faoo o - t+oo)
, = ,1'qq6+ t+t /kq
hrl =r?
hl t w3-=ooB.qzl\qqu4
O\o 3bb4 VtJ / 9
Lwp= Vffi t?r, -PE) = ooo\oqoq(aooo-GF)
= 3 ot.i 155 t5 l{ lkg
heot Dqlqrff:
ffi,hz t (t- m,)ho = h-r
rfll = - !.r1---bq rooB.42 -Q3o eo

hr- ho 3151 ' 87o.20

0 0w ?85il tzT ks, thro lHe slearl
,tg
dF

helt bqtor€, r :

mzha t il- hn,-roz)hs = [t- rn,)ht

foz = (l-m')(h0-h;)
h3 h5

=(t-o0?6"95 yn+)$ o.30) - ib+.o?)

28Vo * \57. (o7
kg/g thrutils stram
= 0.23o\J55\93
o) fir :(0. o+6?85lq 2+)54eoo = 41b5. G C /h
I

rr)z = to.zzot755lSi) Etpo = \2542-39575 Vg t\

b,) \Al ' ih, -h.) + (t * r.n, )(h,-h, -nn,) (hr.hr) ) -, tl- rn,
< [aa+t.B- 31sb)+(l-}.otu+05]alz")i 315D - zzeo,\ +
( t - 0.0tGn BSlqt ?7 t o.23ot3s5tg3 \2esr" - zto 5)
= q.1o .n\j522 kJ /kg

\rrl = tqqo.7t352D( >q gao\ = lqqqg.lclq3 w or rq.Qegsorq-: kw

\ Sooo /
c) Q, = hr-ht+ = 33?l ,$' too9,H2 = 21a3.78 XJ /kg
!'^i 7q0-nl?i:22 _ 0. 4\q2O \51+Z or 4! q2rrl374L" l"

d) Qr : h, - hst = 3o1l I - \ot0.17 t e"3Gl.4 hl /kg

= (t )/ q4 \ = ?575T W or kw
aat,.4
'\-vr*
"q J
es.
"5

\Alnet - \l - Z\Np =gqo.7\Vb22 - 3.otrl --qqq. rri Ul /9

qq4. ol
€" Wqqt
Qn t?r"t . \

0.41t2 oy 42.12 uiu

 2. An ideal regeneraJive cycle is executed with steam generation at 10.0 MPa and 600oC. Before
condensation at 0.005 MPa, steam is extracted for feedwater heating first at 2.5 MPa and second
at 0.6 MPa. On the basis of 1 kg of throttle steam, find (a) the quantity of steam extracted at each
point, (b) Qn and e., (c) W, eu and m, and (d) for a combined steam rate of 3.34 kg/kwh, what
nx?
L
ir T
2
io fr.,lPa
9t
rfl, 2.5 rA?a1 a.

dl z 0'6 t-A?a

C.O 05 l,A?a
t,
5 (r-m,-mz)

h7=h d 2E tt'?a and 62 e4ual fu 5, = J119. ttJ/Kg

h: = h d aro vt?q cnd 53 eguol 1o st = 2B1h yl/y
h+ = ,h d 0rog M?q on( 5a eguql +D st = 2toq N,zkg
h, = hr O 0.0o5 M?a = a7o,5, XJ/Q
I h, = h+ Q O.ro \APq = 67c.5b g,Jt,kg
hr = hl A t,5 M?q = ebz.lt k,t/kg
Y{g = V1 a 0oog Mfu =
o.ootJoSe rt3/kg
!.ta = Vr d 2.5 MPa : o.ooltqlt3
Wp: = Vr+ [ ?s+ - h) ^t/gio ooo _ zg0o)
= (0. aouqTAX
= B.qlq?5 kj/ kg
I!r.
=* hr t
I-r: = 162, tI J-B q?q?g = !?t ir$qrs kJ /kq
(
Iw, = vf s Pu, - pr) = (0.oorooG. )( roooo _5 )
= 10.05 7q685 Xd / kq
o)(t-rn,)(h+-hr) =

ffl I
o. tt655ZbCs5
h"- hG '1t12 - 670.5G
fllz ( r- rn )( | - 0.ll6w 2 Sass)&?o 5b- rc1.82
h,i - [,5 2g2o - 2
l3T.

0. l?5r.{? 205t3

f; .-n

I
b) 0n = h, - har = 3a15 t ql.oq = !6egzer h,J,/{<g
W= h,-h, +(l*rn,)(h.-hr)t {i- rn,-\,){hr-h+)
= 3a25 * 3t72 + ( r - O.ttb552\655 )(332 _"02o) +
tt - o.n6ss2l65s * o.ft54a2o.st,: )( 2lzo *2to+)
= lGe"qzo+,sq

Wnrt = y!- ZWe

= l270.gB - to.o6 126a. Loo452 W/W

A=
vc = \2G'')."b_O+e,2_ q"4\aqszab
O
2aga. ql
l^

47.1br;7s3ea-%

c) W = Vto-qLo452

Yc = h, - hf+ = 1b2S -clto2.ti = 2bG2 g1 l,,J/kg

p t21o qza432
r a.^r^C \)a
v I
o-t+172v llort 7
-v9-.

= 41.12.V11o11 "l
zb@ = ..=+Tooo nZ. Q7
UJ
ket
m /KwV1
mK 33+
d) Wr = ?.qla?_ sboo \o1+. Bq43t\ ttJ/xg
i1t r a 2tl
A.J'I

Ilr = Wr toTv. 844 7t] - C 84Bo0io4ts

r2aO.qU452

94. go8rta 4d "l