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Design of An IoT based Smart Plant Monitoring System

Conference Paper · April 2022

DOI: 10.1109/ICETET-SIP-2254415.2022.9791690

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2022 10th International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology - Signal and Information Processing (ICETET-SIP-22) | 978-1-6654-6741-4/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICETET-SIP-2254415.2022.9791690

2022 10th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology Signal and Information
Processing (ICETET-SIP)

Design of An IoT based Smart Plant Monitoring

System
1Apeksha Rane
Electronics and Telecommunication Department 2Bhushan
Vidhale
G H Raisoni College of Engineering Electronics and Telecommunication Department
Nagpur, India G H Raisoni College of Engineering
[email protected] Nagpur, India
[email protected]
3Priyanka Hemant Kale

Electronics and Telecommunication Department 4Ganesh Khekare

G H Raisoni Institute of Engineering and Technology Computer Science and Engineering Department
Nagpur, India Parul Institute of Technology
[email protected] Gujarat, India
[email protected]

Abstract— In IoT plant monitoring system we can monitor activities and make it simpler for the small scale farmers to
and control with the help of IoT concepts. The gasses produced get the satisfactory output out of it.
by the plant in Day time and nighttime will be monitored on
IoT cloud. And according to the moisture of the soil the water Agriculture usually requires more of the manpower but by
pump supply to the plant will be controlled. If moisture is seen using this the manpower can be reduced making it more
below the certain threshold value, then the pump will get suitable for farmers to act as per the favorable climatic
turned on and when moisture reaches above the threshold level conditions. Monitoring the plants is important in order to
then the water pump will be turned off by the controller in the produce more quality crops and more quantity production.
system. The Temperature and humidity will be sensed by Using this automated system will also reduce the usual
smart sensors digitally. The hazardous gas will be sensed by mistakes and errors in farming which costs a great damage
the other sensor at that place. The controller which is
integrated in the system will send all the monitored parameter
in crops. This all can be conducted on a smart phone and
and different gasses data on IoT Cloud with the help of Wi-Fi therefore it will be easy for them to work on it and control
and IoT system. Other circuitry is used to control the relay and the crops as required. This can be the most cost-efficient
to provide power supply to the system. On the IoT cloud the way to work in order to get optimum produce without any
data will be received on the google firebase Real-time database. compromise with the accuracy of the system.
From that it will be transferred to the AWS server and all the
data will be visualized by different gauges and past data will be This system is not only used for watering purpose but also it
plotted. conducts certain more activities like analyzing the
surrounding of the plants which will definitely act as one of
Keywords— IoT, Moisture, Temperature, Humidity the important factor in farming.

I. INTRODUCTION II. LITREATURE SURVEY

A system to monitor temperature, humidity, CO2, Nitrogen Let’s take various previous papers into consideration by
and other Gasses levels of moisture in the soil has used. various different researchers. Agriculture has the need to
Agriculture is one of the important occupations in India. reduce the manpower and increase the production. Using
Also, the main element required for agriculture is water. different controllers research was made on Monitoring
This project will be used to monitor and analyze the water greenhouse and the control system by MarwaMekki et al[1],
requirement for the plant by switching the designed motor here it is seen that wireless sensor network has been
on and off which will basically depend on the atmospheric designed by the nodes that are wireless inside the green
conditions around the plants. In this generation people house having certain sensors of temperature, gas, etc. the
prefer to grow the plants at the backyards or in the available control over these factors was necessary and thus the
open space nearby and thus this will surely help them in microcontroller was programmed as per the needs. Prof.
growing plants in small scale farming to provide the best out Prachi Kamble [2] Taking this information in account we
of the output. have used the DHT11 sensor module to detect the
information regarding temperature.
Doing this specific activity will result in proper and efficient
use of water in small scale farming process. As in India A zigbee based project was made by K. LokeshKrishna et
there is the scarcity of water in many of the regions the al[3], which was basically used to control and handle the
proper use of water is must, otherwise there can be damage system which was further designed using the processor
in the plants or the soil. Using this the small scale farmer ARM 7 . the sensors for different uses were also installed
can easily handle the crop situation taking the climate into with the communication panel. This all was done to reduce
consideration. This will basically develop the farming the man power required for all the agriculture purpose.

978-1-6654-6741-4/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE

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 Fig. 1 DHT11 sensor
Using the PIC microcontroller the green house monitoring
system was made by S. ArulJai Singh et al[4]. It includes • Node MCU:
the designed system that is used to monitor or gain the Node MCU is an IOt platform which is open sourced and
temperature value, including humidity also the moisture low cost. The firmware that works on ESP8266 Wi-Fi is
present in soil with the sunlight that is required for the included in this node MCU. Node MCU is the modified
growth of the plant Yogendra Parihar[5], Mahir Dursun and microcontroller used the project purpose as it the electronic
Semih Ozden[6]. All these factors are monitored to gain the prototyping platform.
most of the production and high quality gain. The
controllers used here are for the real time use that is the
drainage and light control in greenhouse.
The paper for solar based PV conditioning power. This
particular writing mentions the design of remote and
controlling system that is based on solar S. Harishankar, R.
Sathish Kumar, Sudharsan K.P, U. Vignesh
andT.Viveknath[7]. the Photovoltaic (PV) Power
Conditioning which is basically used in a environment of
greenhouse. The structure of this system that is used to
monitor is used using IoT. Pavithra D.S, M. S .Srinath[8]
This is used using internet with use of host, network GPRS. Fig. 2 Node MCU
This was build to gain the maximum produce in the worst
case scenarios. The information is further sent to the android • MQ135:
used to take actions LaxmiShabadi, NandiniPatil, Nikita. M, The MQ-135 is basically used in controlling the air
Shruti. J, Smitha. P&Swati.C [09].
quality equipment that are certainly used in
buildings in order to detect NH3, CO2, Alcohol,
Benzene etc. This MQ135 in this project will be
used in order to detect the gases around the plant.
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
HARDWARE COMPONENTS
1. Sensors (Moisture, DHT11, MQ135)
2. ESP8266 Wi-Fi module
3. Node MCU
4. Water Pump
5. Relay Circuit

SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
Fig. 3 Node MCU
1. Google firebase

• DHT11 Sensor Module:

• Sensor for moisture in soil:
This sensor of soil moisture is required to measure the
This sensor module is the 3-pin module which includes the
content of water in volumes which is basically done
ground, data and Vcc. This is used in this project to gain the
value of humidity and required value of temperature that using the two probes that are connected to the sensor.
will be required in this proposed system. This sensor has the This attached probe allows to gain the value of moisture
range of temperature from 0 C to 50 C. and the humidity is in the soil by passing the current in the soil. The inverse
gained in the range of 20% to 90 %. proportion of the current and resistance is required to
gain the moisture in the soil. Therefore, when there is
more water in the soil the value of resistance is low and
similarly when water present is less the value of current
is low and resistance value is high. Two different
modes are used to connect this one is the analog mode
and other is the digital one.

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 cooling mechanism. Temperature and the humidity will be
sensed by DHT11 sensor digitally. The CO2 gas will be
sensed by the MQ135 sensor and Other MQ sensors is also
provided for the knowledge of the different atmosphere
released gasses of that surrounding.

The ESP8266 microcontroller is used to send all the

monitored parameter and different gasses on IoT Cloud
using Wi-Fi. And to monitor a moisture in soil the moisture
sensor is used and also relay for controlling water pump to
maintain the moisture sensor of the soil. All the sensors are
Fig. 4 Sensor for moisture in soil interfaced with ESP8266 micro-controller and regulated DC
power supply is used. The water level in the soil is detected
using the soil moisture detector and further actions are taken
accordingly. The circuit diagram is mentioned below

• Relay Circuit:

Here relay circuit is used to switch on and off the electronic

valve which is controlled by the Arduino the electronic
valve works on 12 V supply to provide 12 V to electronic
valve relay circuit is used using Arduino we can switch on
and off the relay which will controlled the switching
operation of Heater

Fig. 6 Circuit Diagram

Fig. 4 Relay circuit
The block diagram of monitoring system is as shown below.
• Transistor:

Transistor BC547 is used for switching purpose. As the

water pump works on 10v and microcontroller works on 5v
so to switch the supply between these two elements we use
the required transistor.

Fig. 5 BC547

IV. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

An important factor such as temperature and humidity of the
environment Can be monitored using DHT 11 The control
Fig. 7 System Design for smart plant monitoring
on the temperature is done using DC motor which acts as

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 V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULT [9] LaxmiShabadi, NandiniPatil, Nikita. M, Shruti. J, Smitha.
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