GLOBAL POLYTECHNIC HIGHER
INSTITUTE
YAOUNDE CAMEROON
Name Of the School: Biomedical and medical sciences Date:
Department: Nursing Time: 10:00 – 13:00 Lecturer’s Name: Mr Ngokoh Ghislain
Credit Value: 6 Score
Course Title: Traumatology, Emergency And Intensive Care Nursing
Course Code:NUS 405
Venue: Examination Hall
Session: First Semester Examination
Duration: 3 Hrs
FIRST SEMESTER EXAMS 2024/2025
INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
MCQ QUESTIONS (20mks , 1 mark each)
Instructions: Write the letter corresponding to the right answer
1) Which of the following is the earliest sign for poor tissue oxygenation?
A) Cyanosis
B) Rapid thin-thready pulse
C) Restlessness
D) A peripheral oxygen saturation(SPO2) below normal
2) Which of the following is a method to ensure efficient breathing following a major
abdominal/thoracic surgery?
A) Encouraging coughing
B) Breathing exercises
C) Good pain management
D) All of the above
3) In what nursing position would you place a patient who is to undergo nephrectomy?
A) Dorsal recumbent position
B) Lateral position
C) Lithotomy position
D) Prone position
4) Which of the following is true about the recovery room?
A) It receives patients immediately after surgery
B) Patients who recover with a good Aldrete’s score are sent to the ward
C) Patients whose conditions deteriorate might be sent to the intensive care unit
D) All of the above
5) Why is it advisable for a patient to undergo surgery with an empty stomach?
A) To minimize risk of pulmonary inhalation of gastric contents
B) To minimise risk of bronchoconstriction
C) Both A and B
D) To minimise risk of thromboembolism
6) Which agent is most indicated in the management of anaphylactic shock?
1
A) Noradrenalin
B) Adrenalin
C) dopamine
D) ephedrine
7) In what nursing position would you nurse a patient with a blood pressure of
60/30mmHg?
A) Trendelenberg position
B) Fowler’s position
C) Prone position
D) None of the above
8) Which of the following is not a method to open up the airways
A) Endotracheal intubation
B) Use of an oropharyngeal airway
C) Artificial ventilation
D) Jaw thrust
9) How frequent should the nurse monitor the Vital Signs of the patient in the recovery
room?
A.) Every 15 minutes
B.) Every 30 mins
C.) Every 45 mins
D.) Every 60 mins
10) Which property of aspirin makes it suitable to be used in the management of stroke
A. Its coagulant effect
B. Its anti-platelet aggregation effect
C. Its fibrinolytic effect
D. None of the above
11) Which organ plays the highest role in minimizing drug toxicity
a) the liver b) kidneys c) lungs d)brain
12) Which blood vessel is involved during a myocardial infarction?
A. The pulmonary artery
B. The coronary artery
C. The vena cava
D. All of the above
13) You're providing care to patients. Select the patient with the highest risk of developing
sepsis:
A. A 35-year-old female who is hospitalized with renal insufficiency and has a Foley
catheter and central line in place.
2
B. A 55-year-old male on mechanical ventilation.
C. A 78-year-old female with a dental prosthesis
D. none of the above
14) A patient with a severe infection has developed septic shock. The patient's blood pressure
is 72/44, heart rate 130, respiration 22, oxygen saturation 96% on high-flow oxygen, and
temperature 103.6 'F. The patient's mean arterial pressure (MAP) is 53 mmHg. Based on
these findings, you know this patient is experiencing diminished tissue perfusion and needs
treatment to improve tissue perfusion to prevent organ dysfunction. In regards to the
pathophysiology of septic shock, what is occurring in the body that is leading to this decrease
in tissue perfusion? Select all that apply:
A. Vasodilation
B. Increased systemic vascular resistance
C. Clot formation in microcirculation
D. None of the above
15) Which is most indicated in the management of septic shock?
A. Dopamine
B. Noradrenaline
C. Adrenaline
D. Acetylcholine
16) Which of these may be a long-term problem after a stroke?
A. Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body
B. Problems with thinking or memory
C. Problems with language
D. All of the above
17) How do you recognize air way obstruction?
A. By checking the temperature
B. By applying pressure on the chest
C. By looking for chest and leg movements
D. By listening to air flow at the mouth and nose and the absence of breath sounds.
18)The answers below are for the management of airways obstruction except one, tick the
exception.
A) Oxygen delivery
B) Head tilt-jaw lift
C) Jaw thrush
D) Suctioning
19) During mouth to mouth ventilation , how many percent of oxygen is delivered
A) 45 – 50%
3
B) B) 16 – 21%
C) C) 50 – 55%
D) D) 16%
20) Causes of fever in the ICU?
A) Nosocomial pneumonia
B) Intravenous line infections
C) Urinary catheter
D) All of the above
SECTION B: STRUCTURED QUESTIONS (30MARKS)
1) What major criteria classify a patient as being critically ill? (2mks)
2) What is the importance of triage in intensive/critical care? (2mks)
3) Give the main function of the following ICU equipment (4mks)
a) Saturometer
b) ECG Machine
c) Ventilator
d) Suction machine
4) Clinically, how can one diagnose cardio-pulmonary arrest (3mks)
5) For how long can the brain survive anoxia following a cardio-pulmonary arrest?
(2mks)
6) During CPR, what’s the rate of cardiac compressions? (2mks)
7) During CPR, not all cardiac waves are ‘shockable’(defibrillated using a defibrillator).
Name the 2 ‘shockable’ waves that can be defibrillated using a defibrillator (2mks)
8) What inotropic drug is best indicated in the management of cardiac arrest? (2mks)
9) Clinically, how can one prevent thromboembolism following surgery? State for:
a) Non pharmacological measures (2mks)
b) Pharmacological measures (2mks)
10) Which score is basically used to assess neurological function for example following a
head injury? (2mks)
11) Give one major clinical manifestation of spinal cord injury (2mks)
12) Give the different antidotes used in the management of poisoning in the following
situations: (3mks)
a) Tramadol poisoning
b) Paracetamol poisoning
c) Iron poisoning
SECTION C: SHORT ESSAYS (20MARKS)
1) You are a nurse working in an emergency unit of a hospital. Explain clinically, how
you would recognize that a patient is in shock (10mks)
2) During a blood transfusion, you realize the patient is having an anaphylaxis.
a) List two ways to prevent this complication (2mks)
b) List 4 practical ways of managing this complication (4mks)
3) Write short notes on the 3 different phases of burn management (4mks)
