LET’S DISCUSS
J o ur ne
y
DIGESTIVE he
in t help
SYSTEM ans em own
Orgive systeak d d. Liver
through
est br foo Produces bile, breaks down
The digestive system is like a
dig body sorb
e b fat, and removes toxins STOMACH
DIGESTIVE
th nd a
a
food-processing factory the MOUTH Gallbladder
Stores the bile the Pancreas
Churns and
mixes food with
liver produces Produces enzymes that gastric juice
inside your body. It's Turns food into small pieces
with the help of the teeth ESOPHAGUS help break down food
and saliva.
responsible for breaking down
SYSTEM
Carries food from the
mouth to the stomach.
the food you eat into smaller
pieces so your body can
absorb the nutrients it needs.
THE
MAJOR ORGANS OF
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM FIVE MAIN STAGES
OF DIGESTION
Mouth
SMALL INTESTINES
Esophagus Ingestion
Digests and absorbs proteins,
fats, and carbohydrates
Stomach Digestion
Small Intestine Absorption
RECTUM Large Intestine
LARGE
INTESTINES
Acts as the stool's
Rectum
Assimilation
ANUS temporary storage
Absorbs salt and water
from food, leaving a soft Where stool exits Anus Excretion
mass called stool the body
INGESTION INGESTION
(Food taken into mouth)
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
MOUTH
ION
INVOLVE IN INGEST ACCESSORY ORG
ANS
This is the first stage, where food is Teeth – Chew and break food
Food MOUTH into smaller pieces.
consumed through the mouth.
Function: Takes Tongue – Helps mix food with
taken into It involves chewing (mastication) and saliva and pushes it for
in food and
mouth mixing with saliva, which contains
begins
swallowing.
Salivary Glands - Make saliva
enzymes to begin digestion. to soften food and start
digestion.
digestion
(Breaking down food)
DIGESTION DIGESTIVE ORGANS DIGESTIVE ORGANS DIGESTION
TION:
INVOLVE IN DIGES
ION
INVOLVE IN DIGEST This stage involves both mechanical and
chemical processes.
breaking Mouth MOUTH In the mouth, food is broken down into
smaller pieces through MECHANICAL
down Esophagus Begins mechanical
DIGESTION (physically broken by teeth-
digestion (chewing) and
food Stomach chewing) and CHEMICAL DIGESTION
chemical digestion (chemically broken down by amylase, an enzyme
Small Intestine (saliva enzymes). in saliva that break downs carbohydrates)
PERISTALSIS STOMACH
Peristalsis is the wave-like muscle contractions that DIGESTIVE ORGANS
DIGESTIVE ORGANS ION ACCESSORY ORG
ANS
INVOLVE IN DIGEST
pushes food/bolus through the digestive tract/stomach.
ESOPHAGUS STOMACH
LIVER
Function: Moves food Function: Function:
helps break down
PANCREAS
from mouth to Produces acid and
stomach through food before it GALLBLADDER
enzymes to break
peristalsis. moves into the down food.
small intestine.
STOMACH STOMACH STOMACH STOMACH
ANS ANS ANS
ACCESSORY ORG ACCESSORY ORG ACCESSORY ORG ACESSORY ORGANS
LIVER PANCREAS PANCREAS GALLBLADDER
Largest internal organ of Function: it produces
our body enzymes that break down Amylase - A for APPLE
(Carbohydrates) Stores bile and
Function: The liver makes bile food:
Lipase - L for LIPIDS pumps it into
Function of bile: Amylase - (Carbohydrates)
Lipase - (fats) (fats)
to dissolve fats Proteases - (proteins) Proteases - P for duodenum
neutralise acid from (proteins)
the stomach
DIGESTIVE ORGANS PARTS OF SMALL INTESTINE DIGESTIVE ORGAN
INVOLVE IN DIGEST
ION ABSORPTION RPTION:
DUODENUM INVOLVE IN ABSO
SMALL
The duodenum is the first part
INTESTINE
of the small intestine.
nutrient Small
Further breaks down food
into substances. It has
It is like a mixing station where uptake Intestine
three main types:
food from the stomach
duodenum (digestion)
combines with digestive juices
jejunum (absorption)
ileum (excretion)
to break it down further.
(Nutrient Uptake) INVOLVE
ABSORPTION DIGESTIVE ORGAN
IN ABSORPTION
PARTS OF THE
SMALL INTESTINE
PARTS OF THE
SMALL INTESTINE
JEJUNUM ILEUM
Absorbs nutrients into the SMALL INTESTINE
The jejunum is the middle This is the last part, which
bloodstream. The small intestine is the part of the small intestine, absorbs the remaining
main place where and it's where most nutrients nutrients, especially
example: villi absorb nutrients and nutrients from food are from food are absorbed in vitamins like B12. It then
send them to the body. absorbed into the the blood. It has tiny, finger- sends leftover food to the
bloodstream. like structures called villi. large intestine.
(using nutrients in the body)
DIGESTIVE ORGAN ASSIMILATION ASSIMILATION
SMALL INTESTINE The body uses absorbed nutrients
Villi – Small, finger-like projections in using
the small intestine that increase
for energy, growth, and repair.
surface area for nutrient absorption. nutrients
Process: Nutrients are used for energy,
Microvilli – Even smaller hair-like in the growth, and repair (e.g., glucose fuels
structures on the villi that further
increase absorption by trapping body the brain, proteins build muscles).
nutrients.
(eliminating waste)
EXCRETION DIGESTIVE ORGANS PARTS OF
ION
INVOLVE IN EXCRET
EXCRETION Removing waste that the LARGE INTESTINE LARGE INTESTINE
body doesn’t need. Absorbs Absorbs salts
ELIMINATING water and and water
Example: The large intestine forms solid
WASTE waste (feces), and the kidneys filter out forms solid and forms
liquid waste (urine). waste. solid waste.
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
ANATOMY CLASS
RECTUM AND
ANUS THANK YOU
Rectum – Stores waste FOR
before excretion. (Storage)
Anus – Releases solid LISTENING!
waste from the body. (Exit)
