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CHEM261_Test 2_2024_answers

The document is a class test for CHEM261 at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, focusing on concepts related to crystal structures and coordination chemistry. It includes questions on formation constants of copper complexes, multiple choice questions, calculations of atomic radius and density for various compounds, and a Born-Haber cycle for MgBr2. The test is designed to assess students' understanding of the material covered in the course.

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owethuhandsome03
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56 views4 pages

CHEM261_Test 2_2024_answers

The document is a class test for CHEM261 at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, focusing on concepts related to crystal structures and coordination chemistry. It includes questions on formation constants of copper complexes, multiple choice questions, calculations of atomic radius and density for various compounds, and a Born-Haber cycle for MgBr2. The test is designed to assess students' understanding of the material covered in the course.

Uploaded by

owethuhandsome03
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of KwaZulu-Natal

School of Chemistry and Physics, Howard College Campus

CHEM261 Class Test 2 2024

Examiner: Professor W. E. van Zyl

Maximum marks = 20

Student Number---------------------------Surname & Initials---------------------------------

A Periodic Table and Data sheet are attached at the back. Calculators may be used.
INFORMATION:
Formula for the edge length (a) of a simple cubic cell: a = 2r

Formula for the edge length (a) of a body centred cubic (bcc) cell:

Formula for the edge length (a) of a face centred cubic (fcc) cell

QUESTION 1
Explain the following observation in the successive formation constants for the Cu(II) salt
below:

[Cu(Cl)(H2O)5]+: Kf1: 56.8

[Cu(Cl)2(H2O)4]: Kf2: 23.87

[Cu(Cl)3(H2O)3]-: Kf3: 10.65

[Cu(Cl)4]2-: Kf4: 32.39


(3)

The anomaly here is that Kf4: > Kf3:

The reason is not be electronic since both H2O and Cl- are considered weak field ligands.

The reason is due to a major structural shift from an octahedral [Cu(Cl)3(H2O)3]-


configuration to a tetrahedral [Cu(Cl)4]2- geometry with the simultaneous expulsion of 3
molecules of water from a restricted tetrahedral geometry.
QUESTION 2

Multiple Choice Question. Circle the correct letter (A-D) below. Only one correct answer.
Which of the following statements is correct: [2]

A. In ionic salts, the radius ratio is inversely proportional to the coordination number.
B. CsCl has a coordination number 8.
C. A large radius ratio (>0.8) typically has an octahedral type of void.
D. NaCl has a cubic type of void.

QUESTION 3.

What percentage volume is occupied by the atoms in a simple cubic unit cell? (1)

52%

QUESTION 4.

Europium (Eu) metal has a body-centered cubic crystal lattice. If its density is 5 g/cm 3,
calculate the radius of a europium atom in pm. (5)

Vol = mass unit cell/ density and BCC has 2 atoms per unit cell.

Therefore, (2/6.033 x 1023) * 152 amu = 5.048 x 10-22 g per unit cell

vol = 5.048 x 10-22/ 5 g cm3 = 1.01 x 10-22 cm3

length of unit cell = vol1/3 = 4.66 x 10-8 cm

for BCC the length = 4r/31/2 so r =(4.66 x 10-8) * 31/2 / 4

Therefore, r = 2.02 x 10-8 cm = 202 pm


QUESTION 5.

Magnesium oxide has a face-centered unit cell of oxide ions with magnesium ions in the
octahedral holes. The radius of the Mg2+ ion is 86 pm, and the radius of O2- is 126 pm.
Calculate the density of MgO in g/cm3. (4)

Density = m/vol,

mass = 6.022 x1023/4 * 40.31 = 2.676 x 10-22 per unit cell

Vol = length of the cell cubed, the length = diam of Mg2+ + diam of O2- = 424 pm

l = 7.62 x 10-23 so the density = 2.676 x 10-22/7.62 x 10-23 = 3.51 g cm3

QUESTION 6.

Draw i) a Born-Haber cycle illustrating the formation of MgBr2 (s) from its constituent atoms,
and then ii) use the data below to calculate the lattice enthalpy for MgBr2 (s).
(5)

ΔH / (kJ/mol)

Sublimation of Mg(s) +148


Ionisation of Mg(g) to Mg2+(g) +2187
Vaporization of Br2(l) +31
Dissociation of Br2(g) +193
Electron gain by Br(g) -331
Formation of MgBr2(s) -524

OR

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