RVS TECHNICAL CAMPUS - COIMBATORE

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE & HUMANITIES

MA6452 – STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL METHODS
QUESTION BANK

UNIT-I
TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS
PART-A

1. What are the parameters and statistics in sampling

2. What are null & Alternative hypothesis?
3. Define Type I and Type II errors in taking a decision.
4. Mention the various steps involved in testing of hypothesis.
5. The heights of college students in Chennai are normally distributed with standard
deviation 6 cm and sample of 100 students had their mean height158 cm. Test the
hypothesis that the mean height of college students in Chennai is 160 cm at 1% level of
significance.
6. A coin is tossed 400 times and it turns up head 216 times. Discuss whether the coin may
be unbiased one at 5% level of significance.
7. What is the assumption of t-test.
8. What are the applications of t-distribution.
9. Write the applications of F-Test.
10. Define Chi-square test for goodness of fit.
11. What are the conditions for the validity of 2 test.
12. State the applications of 2 test.
13. Give the formula for the 2 test of independence for a b
c d
PART-B
Z – Test:[for Large Sample n>30]
Single Mean:
1. A sample of 900 members has a mean 3.4 cm and standard deviation 2.61 cm. Is the
sample from a large population of mean 3.25 cms and standard deviation of 2.61 cms?
(Test at 5% level of significance. The value of z at 5% level is |z|∝< 1.96.
Difference of Means:
1. The means of two large samples of 1000 and 2000 members are 67.5 inches and 68.0
inches respectively. Can the samples be regarded as drawn from the same
population of standard deviation 2.5 inches?

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 2. A mathematics test was given to 50 girls and 75 boys. The girls made an average grade of
75 with a SD of 6, while boys made an average grade of 82 with a SD of 2. Test whether
there is any significant difference between the performance of boys and girls.

Single Proportions:
1. A dice is thrown 400 times and a throw of 3 or 4 is observed 150 times. Test the
hypothesis that the dice is fair.

Difference of Proportions:
1. Before an increase in excise duty on tea, 800 persons out of a sample of 1, 000 persons
were found to be tea drinkers. After an increase in duty, 800 people were tea drinkers in a
sample of 1, 200 people. Using standard error of proportion, state whether there is a
significant decrease in the consumption of tea after the increase in excise duty?
2. A machine produces 16 imperfect articles in a sample of 500. After machine is
overhauled, it produced 3 imperfect articles in a batch of 100. Has the machine been
improved?
3. In a random sample of 1000 people A, 400 are found to be consumers of wheat. In a
sample of 800 from city B, 400 are found to be consumers of wheat. Does this data give a
significant difference between the two cities as far as the proportion of wheat consumers
is concerned?

t – Test: [for Small Samplesv n ≤30]

Single Mean:
1. The heights of 10 males of a given locality are found to be 70, 67, 62, 68, 61, 68, 70, 64,
64, 66 inchesw. Is it reasonable to believe that the average height is greater than 64
inches?
2. Sandal powder is packed into packes by a machine. A random sample of 12 packets is
drawn and their weight are found to be (in kg) 0.49, 0.48, 0.47, 0.48, 0.49, 0.50, 0.51,
0.49, 0.48, 0.50, 0.51, and 0.48. Test if the average weight of the packing can be taken as
0.5 kg at 5% level of significance.
3. A random sample of 10 boys had the following I.Q’s:70, 120, 110, 101, 88, 83, 95, 98,
107, 100. Test the population mean I.Q may be 100.

Difference of Means:
1. Examine whether the difference in the variability in yields is significant at 5% level of
signification for the following :

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 Set of 40 plots Set of 60 plots
Mean Yield per plot 1258 1243
S.D per plot 34 28
2. Test if the difference in the means is significant for the following data:
Sample I 76 68 70 43 94 68 33
Sample II 40 48 92 85 70 76 68 22
3. Two random samples gave the following results:
Sample Size Sample mean Sum of Squares of deviation
from the mean
1 10 15 90
2 12 14 108

Test whether the samples have come from the same normal population

F – Test:
Equality of Variance:
1. A group of 10 rats fed on diet A and another group of 8 rats fed on diet B, recorded the
following increase in weight
Diet A 5 6 8 1 12 4 3 9 6 10
Diet B 2 3 6 8 10 1 2 8
Test the hypothesis that the sampled have same populations with equal variances at
5% level of significance.
2. Test whether there is any significant difference between the variances of the population
from which the following samples are taken:
Sample I 20 16 26 27 23 22
Sample II 27 33 42 35 32 34 38

Chi Square - test:

Single Variance:
1. A random sample of size 25 from a population gives the sample standard deviation 8.5.
Test the hypothesis that the population S.D is 10.
2. Test the hypothesis that =10, given that s=15 for a random sample of size 50 from a
normal population.

Goodness of Fit:
1. The following data gives the number of aircraft accidents that occurred during the various
days of a week. Find whether the accidents are uniformly distributed over the week.

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 Days Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
No. of Accidents 14 16 8 12 11 9 14
2. 4 coins were tossed 160 times and the following results were obtained:
No. of heads: 0 1 2 3 4
Observed frequencies: 17 52 54 31 6
Under the assumption that the coins are unbiased, find the expected frequencies of getting
0, 1, 2, 3, 4 heads and test the goodness of fit.
3. Theory predicts that the proportion of beans in four groups A, B, C, D should be 9: 3: 3:
1. In an experiment among 1600 beans, the numbers in the four groups were 882, 313,
287 and 118. Does the experiment support the theory?

Independence of attributes:
1. Out of 8000 graduates in a town 800 are females, out of 1600 graduate employees 120
are females. Use chi square to determine if any distinction is made in appointment on the
basis of sex. Value of chi square at 5% level for one degree of freedom is 3.84.
2. Test the fidelity and selectivity of 190 radio receivers produced the results shown in the
following table:
Fidelity
Selectivity Low Average High
Low 6 12 32
Average 33 61 18
Hifh 13 15 0
Use the 0.01 level of significance to test whether there is a relationship between fidility
and selectivity.
3. Two sample polls of votes for two candidates A and B for a public office are taken one
form among residents of rural areas. The results ate given below. Examine whether the
nature of the area is related to voting preference in the election.

Area / Votes for A B Total

Rural 620 380 1000
Urban 550 450 1000
Total 1170 830 2000

UNIT-II
DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
PART-A
1. State the basic principles of design of experiments.
2. State the assumptions involved in Analysis of variance [ANOVA].
3. What are the basic steps in ANOVA.
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 4. What are the uses of ANOVA.
5. Define CRD.
6. Define Mean sum of squares.
7. What are the advantages of a CRD?
8. Define RBD.
9. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Randomized block design.
10. Compare one-way classification model with two way classification. (OR)
11. Write any two differences between CRD & RBD.
12. What is meant by Latin square?
13. What are the advantages of a Latin square design?
14. Compare and contrast LSD and RBD.
15. State the advantages of a factorial experiment over a simple experiment.

PART-B

Completely Randomized Block Design(CRD):

1. The following are the number orf mistakes made in sucessive days by 4 technicians
working for a photographic laboratory test at a level of significance ∝ = 0.01. Test
whether the difference among the 4 sample means cab be attributed to chance.
Technician I Technician II Technician III Technician IV
(X1) (X2) (X3) (X4)
6 14 10 9
14 9 12 12
10 12 7 8
8 10 15 10
11 14 11 11

2. There are three main brands of a certain powder. A set of 120 sample values is examined
and found to be allocated among four groups (A, B, C and D) and three brands (I, II, III)
as shown here under:
Brands Groups
A B C D
I 0 4 8 15
II 5 8 13 6
III 8 19 11 13

Is there any significant difference in brands preference? Answer at 5% level.

3. A completely randomised design experiment with 10 plots and 3 treatments gave the
following results:
Plot No: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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 1Treatment: A B C A C C A B A B
Yield: 5 4 3 7 5 1 3 4 1 7
Analyse the results for treatment effects.

Randomized Block Design(RBD):

1. Three varieties of a crop are tested in a randomized block design with four replications.
The plot yield in pounds are as follows.
A6 C5 A8 B9
C8 A4 B6 C9
B7 B6 C 10 A6
Analyse the experiment yield and state your conclusions.

2. Four varities A, B, C, D of a fertilizer are tested in RBD with 4 replications. The plot
yields in pounds are as follows:
Column/ 1 2 3 4
Row
1 A(12) D(20) C(16) B(10)
2 D(18) A(14) B(11) C(14)
3 B(12) C(15) D(19) A(13)
4 C(16) B(11) A(15) D(20)

Analyse the experimental yield.

3. The following data represent the number of units of production per day turned out by
different workers using 4 differet types of machines

Machine
Type / A B C D
Workers
1 44 38 47 36
2 46 40 52 43
3 34 36 44 32
4 43 38 46 33
5 38 42 49 39
4. Test whether the five men differ with respect to mean productivity and
5. Test whether the mean productivity is the same for the four different machine types

Latin square Design(LSD):

1. A variable trial was conducted on wheat with 4 varities in Latin Suare design. The plan of
the experiment and per plot yield are given below:

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 C(25) B(23) A(20) D(20)
A(19) D(19) C(21) B(18)
B(19) A(14) D(17) C(20)
D(17) C(20) B(21) A(15)

Analyse the data.

2. In a Latin Square Design experiment given below are the yields in quintals per acre on
the paddy crop carried our for testing the effect of five fertilizers A, B, C, D, E. Analyze
the data for variations.
B 25 A 18 E 27 D 30 C 27
A 19 D 31 C 29 E 26 B 23
C 28 B 22 D 33 A 18 E 27
E 28 C 26 A 20 B 25 D 33
D 32 E 25 B 23 C 28 A 20

22factorial Design:
1. An experiment was planned to study the effect of sulphate of potash and super phosphate
on the yield of potatoes. All the combinations of 2 levels of super phosphate and 2 levels
of sulphate of potash were studied in a randomized block design with 4 replication for
each. The yields(per plot) obtained are given below.

Block Yields (Ibs per plot)

I (1) k P kp
23 25 22 38
II P (1) K Kp
40 26 36 38
III (1) K Kp P
29 20 30 20
IV kp K P (1)
34 31 24 28

Analyze the data and comment on your findings.

UNIT-III
SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGEN VALUE PROBLEMS
PART-A

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 1. State the order of convergence and convergence condition for Newtons Raphson method.
2. Write the iterative formula of Newton Raphson method.
3. Drive a formula to find the value of √3 N ,where N≠0, using Newton-Raphson method.
4. Using Newton-Raphson method, find the iteration formula to compute √ N where N is a
positive number and hence find √ 5
5. Find an iterative formula to find the reciprocal of a given number N.
6. Give two direct and indirect methods to solve a system of equations.
7. Solve the following system of equations, using Gaussian elimination method x-2y=0;
2x+y= 5.
8. Solve the following system of equations, using Gauss-Jordan elimination method
2x+y=3; x-2y=-1.
9. To which forms are the augmented matrix transformed in the Gauss Jordon and Gauss
Elimination method.
10. For solving a linear system, compare Gaussian elimination & Gauss-Jordan method
11. Compare Gauss-Jacobi with Gauss Jordan
12. Write a sufficient condition for Gauss-Jacobi(or Gauss-Seidal) method to converge.
13. Compare Gauss-elimination and Gauss seidal(or Gauss Jacobi) method
14. Compare Gauss-Jacobi and Gauss seidal method
15. Why Gauss seidal method is a better method than Jacobi method.
16. Distinguish between direct and iterative(or indirect) method of solving simultaneous
equation.

PART-B
Newton-Raphson Method:

1. Find the real positive root of 3 x−cos x−1=0 by Newton’s method correct to 6 decimal
places
2. Solve by Newton’s method, a root of ex- 4x=0.
x log 10 x−12=0 by N.R method correct to three decimal places.
3. Find a root of

4. Using N – R method,solve
x log 10 x=12 . 34 taking the initial value x 0 as 10.
5. Find the real root of x3-2x-5=0 using N.R. method.

Gauss Elimination and Gauss Jordan method:

1. Solve the system of equations by (i) Gauss elimination method (ii) Gauss-Jordan method.
10x-2y+3z=23; 2x+10y-5z=-33; 3x-4y+10z=41.
2. Using Gauss-Jordan, solve the following system
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 10x+y+z=12; 2x+10y+z=13; x+y+5z=7.

Gauss Jacobi and Gauss seidal method:

1. Solve the following system of equations by Gauss-Jacobi method & Gauss-Seidel

method. 27 x +6 y−z=85 , x + y +54 z =110, 6 x +15 y+2 z=72

2. Solve the following system of equations by Gauss-Seidel method.

4 x+ 2 y + z=14 , x+5 y −z=10 , x+ y +8 z=20

Inverse of a matrix Gauss-Jordan method:

( )
2 2 3
A= 2 1 1
1. Using Gauss-Jordan method, find the inverse of
1 3 5 .

( )
1 1 3
A= 1 3 −3
2. Using Gauss-Jordan method, find the inverse of
−2 −4 −4 .

Eigen value of a matrix by power method:

( )
1 −3 2
A= 4 4 −1
1. Find the numerically largest Eigen value of
6 3 5 by power method.

( )
1 6 1
A= 1 2 0
2. Find the dominant Eigen value and the corresponding Eigen vector of
0 0 3 .
Find also the least latent root and hence the third Eigen value also.

UNIT-IV
INTEPOLATION, NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND NUMERICAL
INTEGRATION

PART-A
1. State Lagrange’s interpolation formula.
2. Give the inverse of Lagranges interpolation formula.
3. What is the need of Newton’s & Lagrange’s interpolation formulae?
4. Find the parabola of the form y=ax2+bx+c passing through the points (0,0),
(1,1) & (2,20).

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 Δ ( 1a )=− abcd
3
1
.
5. Show that bcd

dy d2 y
and 2
at x=x 0
6. Write down the expressions for dx dx by Newton’s forward
difference formula. (or)
State the formula to find the first and second order derivative using the forward
differences.
dy d2 y
and at x=x n
7. Write down the expressions for dx dx 2 by Newton’s backward
difference formula.
8. Create a forward difference table for the following data and state the degree of
polynomial for the same.
x 0 1 2 3
y -1 0 3 8
dy
9. Find at x=1 from the following table.
dx
x: 1 2 3 4
y: 1 8 27 64

10. Find the area under the curve passing through the points (0,0), (1,2), (2,2.5), (3,2.3),
(4,2), (5,1.7) & (6,1.5).
1
∫ 1x dx
11. Evaluate 1/2 by trapezoidal rule dividing the range into 4 equal parts.
1
dx
∫
12. Using Trapezoidal rule, evaluate 0 1+x 2 with h=0.2. Hence obtain an approximate
falue of π.
xn

13. State the Trapezoidal rule to evaluate ∫ f ( x ) dx .

x0

14. Write down the Simpson,s 1/3-Rule in numerical integration.

15. What are the errors in Trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules of numerical integration?

16. Comp[are Simpson’s 1/3rd rule with Trapezoidal rule.

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 PART-B
Lagrangian method:
1. Using Lagrange’s interpolation formula find the value of f(3), from the following table
x: 0 1 2 5
f(x): 2 3 12 147

2. Using Lagrange’s interpolation formula, find y(10) from the following table
x: 5 6 9 11
y: 12 13 14 16

3. Use Lagrange’s formula to fit a polynomial to the following data hence find y(x=1) &
y(x=1.5)
x: -1 0 2 3
y: -8 3 1 12

Inverse Lagrangian method:

1. Find the correspoding to the annuity value 13.6 given the table:
Age x: 30 35 40 45 50
Annuity value y: 15.9 14.9 14.1 13.3 12.5

Newton’s divided difference method:

1. Using Newton’s divided difference formula, find the value of f(2), f(8) and f(15) given
the following table
x: 4 5 7 10 11 13
f(x): 48 100 294 900 1210 2028

Newton’s forward and backward difference method:

1. Using Newton’s forward interpolation formula, find the polynomial f(x) satisfying the
following data. Hence evaluate at f(x) at x = 5.
x: 4 6 8 10
f(x) 1 3 8 10
2. From the following data find  at x=43 and x=84.
x: 40 50 60 70 80 90
: 184 204 226 250 276 304
Also  in terms of x.
3. From the data given below, find the number of students whose wight is between 60 to to 70.
Weitht in Ibs 0-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 100-120
No. of students 250 120 100 70 50

Numerical differentiation:
1. Use the Newton divided difference formula to calculate f(3), f’(3) and f”(3) from the
following table
x: 0 1 2 4 5 6
f(x) 1 14 15 5 6 19
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2. Compute f ‘(0) and f”(4) from the following data:

x: 0 1 2 3 4
f(x) 12.71 7.381 20.086 54.598
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3. Given the following data, find y’(6) and the maximum value of y.
x: 0 2 3 4 7 9
f(x) 4 26 58 112 466 922

Numerical integration:
π /2
∫ sin x dx
1. By dividing the range into ten equal parts, evaluate 0 by trapezoidal &
Simpson’s rule. Verify your answer with actual integration.
π
∫ sin x dx
2. By dividing the range into ten equal parts, evaluate 0 by trapezoidal & Simpson’s
rule. Verify your answer with actual integration.
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dx
∫
3. Evaluate 0 1+x 2 by (i) Trapezoidal rule (ii) Simpson’s rule. Aso check up the results by
actual integration.
UNIT-V
NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS
PART-A

1. State Taylor series algorithm for the first order differential equations.
2. State the disadvantage of Taylor series method.
3. Bring out the merits and demerits of Taylor series method.
dy
4. Using Taylor’s series find y(0.1) for =1− y , y ( 0 )=0.
dx
5. By using Taylor’s series method, find y(1.1) for y’¿ x + y , y ( 1 )=0.
6. State Euler algorithm to solve y’=f(x,y), y(x0)=y0.
7. Using Euler’s method, solve the following differential equation y’= -y subject to
y(0)=1. Hence find y(0.01).
8. State modified Euler algorithm to solve y’=f(x,y), y(x0)=y0.
Solution;
dy 2 2
9. Using Modified Euler’s method, find y(0.1) if =x + y , y ( 0 )=1.
dx

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 dy
10. Write down the R-K formula of fourth order to solve =f ( x , y ), with y(x0)=y0.
dx
11. State the merits of R.K method over Taylor series method.
12. How many prior values are required to predict the next value in Milne’s method.
13. Write down Milne’s predictor-corrector formula for solving initial value problem in
first order differential equation.
dy 2
∧d y
14. Write the central difference approximation for dx .
2
dx
15. Write down the finite difference for the following 2nd order ODE with h=1/n,
y’’=y+x, y(0)=y(1)=0.
PART-B
Taylor series method:
dy 2
1. Given =1+ y , where y=0 when x=0, find y(0.2), y(0.4) and y(0.6), using Taylor
dx
series method.
dy
=x− y 2 , y (0)=1
2. By Taylor series method, find y(0.1), y(0.2) and y(0.3) if dx .

Euler method:
1. Use Euler method, with h=0.1 to find the solution of y’ = x 2 + y 2 with y(0)=0 in 0 ≤ x ≤ 5

Modified Euler method:

dy 2 2
=x + y , y (0)=1
1. Using Modified Euler method, find y(0.2), y(0.1) given dx
dy
=x+ y , y (0 )=1
2. By Modified Euler method, find y(0.1), y(0.2) and y(0.3) if dx .
Runge-Kutta method:
1. Using R.K method of fourth order find y(0.1) and y(0.2) for the initial value problem
dy
=x+ y 2 , y (0 )=1 .
dx
dy y 2−x 2
= 2 2 , y (0 )=1
2. If dx y +x , find y(0.2), y(0.4) and y(0.6) by Runge-Kutta method of
fourth order and hence find y(0.8) by Milnes’s method.

Milne’s prdictor and corrector method:

' 2
1. Using Milne’s method find y(4.4) given 5 x y + y −2=0 given y (4) = 1 , y (4.1)=
1.0049, y(4.2) = 1.0097, y(4.3) = 1.0143

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 dy
=x− y 2
2. Using Milne’s method, obtain the solution of dx at x=0.8, given y(0)=0;
y(0.2)=0.02; y(0.4)=0.0795; y(0.6)=0.1762.
Finite difference method:
''
1. Solve the equation y =x+ y with the boundary conditions y(0) = y(1) = 0 using
finite differences dividing the interval into 4 equal parts.
d2 y
2
− y=0
2. Solve the BVP dx with y(0) = 0, y(1) = 1, using finite difference method
with h = 0.2.
********

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