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Chapter2

India has a coastline of approximately 7400 km, featuring 13 major ports and around 200 minor ports that are essential for international trade. Major ports are governed by the central government, while minor ports are managed by state governments, with some providing year-round berthing. Key ports include Kandla, Jawaharlal Nehru, Mumbai, and Chennai, each serving significant import and export functions.

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Chapter2

India has a coastline of approximately 7400 km, featuring 13 major ports and around 200 minor ports that are essential for international trade. Major ports are governed by the central government, while minor ports are managed by state governments, with some providing year-round berthing. Key ports include Kandla, Jawaharlal Nehru, Mumbai, and Chennai, each serving significant import and export functions.

Uploaded by

viratkun24
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Port Components

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Ports in India

India has a vast coastline of about 7400 km, served by 13


major ports and about 200 minor ports and private ports.

Ports are important infrastructures required for international


trade. A port is the nerve of foreign trade, providing import
and export of goods.

Major ports are those that are in the purview stage of the
central government, and minor ports are being monitored by
the state government.

However, 61 out of the 200 minor ports provide round-the-


year berthing facilities.
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Ports in India

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Classification of Ports

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Kandla Port
Latitude : 23o01’ N
Longitude : 70o13’ E

❖ Major seaport of the west


coast.

❖ It is the first special economic


zone in India and Asia.

❖ Major imports: petroleum,


chemicals and iron

❖ Major exports: grains, salt and


textiles

❖ Port of Kandla is one of the


highest-earning ports in India.
Another port in Gujarat is
Mundra Port, India’s largest
private
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Jawaharlal Nehru Port
Latitude : 18º 56’ 43” N
Longitude : 72º56’ 24” E

❖ It is the largest artificial port


located at the eastern end of
Mumbai in the Nhava Sheva
area across Navi Mumbai,
Maharashtra.

❖ It is the largest container port


in India and the King port of the
Arabian Sea.

❖ Major imports: machinery,


vegetable oils and chemicals

❖ Major exports: textiles, carpets


and boneless meats
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Mumbai Port
Latitude : 18.9483° N,
Longitude : 72.8442° E

❖ It is located on the southern part of


Goa.

❖ It is a natural deep-water harbour. It is


the largest port in India.

❖ It handles bulk cargo traffic with its four


jetties for handling liquid chemicals,
crude and petroleum products

❖ Major imports: machinery, electronics,


crude oils and chemicals

❖ Major exports: goat/sheep meat,


machinery, agricultural products, metal
products, textiles
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Mormugao Port

Latitude : 15o25’ N,
Longitude : 73o47’ E

❖ It is located on the mainland


of West Mumbai on the
west coast of India.

❖ It is an open type natural


harbour protected by a
breakwater.

❖ It is the leading iron ore


exporter in the country

❖ A mole is built at the


breakwater running parallel
to the quay

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Mangalore Port
Latitude : 12.8500° N
Longitude : 74.8354° E

❖ It is a seaport with a natural harbour


formerly known as Panambur Port.

❖ It is a deep water all weather port of


India.

❖ Major imports: timber logs, LPG,


finished fertilizers, sand, petroleum
products and cargo containers

❖ Major exports: manganese, granite


stones, coffee and cashew

It is the largest LPG and third-largest


POL handling port in India.

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Cochin Port
Latitude : 9o58’ N,
Longitude : 76o16’ E

❖ It is a seaport with a natural harbour on


the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean route.

❖ It is connected to its hinterland enlarging


to the state of Kerala, South Tamil Nadu
and South Karnataka by National
Highways NH 47 (Kanyakumari - Salem),
NH49 (Cochin-Madurai) and NH 17
(Cochin - Mumbai).

❖ Kochin Port is equipped with maritime


facilities like Cochin Shipyard, Kochi
refinery and Kochi marina

❖ It is the largest container shipment


handling port in India.
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Port Blair
Latitude : 11.6234° N,
Longitude : 92.7265° E,

❖ It is the youngest sea port with a


natural harbour in India and one
of the major ports in India.

❖ It is the principal hub for shipping


in the union territory of Andaman
and Nicobar Islands.

❖ Major imports and exports in Port


Blair are processed and natural
fish.

❖ It is under the jurisdiction of


Kolkata Port

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Tuticorin Port

Latitude : 8o 45’N
Longitude : 78o 13'E

❖ It is an artificial deep-sea harbour.

❖ It is an all-weather port located in Tamil


Nadu.

❖ It has one of the largest container terminals


in India, known for handling pearl fishery

❖ Major imports: Timber logs, Urea, Rock


phosphate, Copper, Industrial coal,
Containerized cargo etc.

❖ Major exports: Sugar, Sand, Maize,


Granite stone, Sulphuric acid, const.
material, Containerized cargo etc.
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Chennai Port

Latitude : 13o06’ N
Longitude : 80o18’ E

❖ It is an artificial all-weather port located in


Chennai. It is the second-largest port in
India.

❖ It has lighthouses, intra-port connectivity,


railway terminals and pipelines

❖ Major imports: Mineral oil, machinery,


animal or vegetable fat, organic chemicals

❖ Major exports: Automobiles, machinery,


clothing accessories, mineral oil, knitted
apparel.
It is a hub for cars in India.

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Visakhapatnam Port

Latitude : 170 41’ N


Longitude : 830 18’ E

❖ It is a natural seaport in the Bay


of Bengal

❖ Coal is manually transported


through this port, causing
environmental issues

❖ Major imports: Coking Coal,


Steam Coal, Fertilizer, LAM & Pet
Coke

❖ Major exports: CP Coke, Steel


Products, POL, Alumina, Thermal
coal

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Paradip Port

Latitude : 20°15'55.44" N
Longitude : 86°40'34.62“ E

❖ It is an artificial deep-water
port with a lagoon harbour.

❖ Commodities handled:
Thermal coal, Chrome ore,
Manganese ore, iron ore,
charge chrome, Ferro
chrome, ferro manganese,
steel coils, project cargo,
Coking coal, hard coke,
limestone, food grains,
fertilizer, DBM, steel billets,
scrap, clinkers

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Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port

Latitude : 22.5461° N
Longitude : 88.3149° E

❖ It is a riverine port located on


the bank of river Hooghly.

❖ It has a Haldia Dock complex


near the Bay of Bengal for
easy operations.

❖ Major imports: Machinery,


crude oil, paper, fertilizer and
chemical products

❖ Major exports: Jute products,


tea, coal, steel, iron ore and
copper

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Quick Questions

❑ What is a port and harbour?

❑ What do you mean by seaport and river port?

❑ Name a port with an artificial Harbour.

❑ Name the two largest container ports in India.

❑ Which is the major port for coal transportation?

❑ Define Bollard and Fender with a nice sketch.

❑ Name the port which handles the maximum shipment of cars.

❑ Define entrance channel and turning circle with a nice sketch


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Classification of Harbour

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Quick Questions

❑ What is a natural and artificial harbour?

❑ Name one natural and artificial harbour.

❑ What is the purpose of a harbour in IWT?

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