Scribd
Upload
0 views

Dicreate-Assignment_no1 (Muhammad Umair)

The document is a lab manual for a Discrete Structures course, detailing assignments related to propositions, truth values, and logical connectives. It includes various questions interpreting statements, finding conjunctions, and expressing propositions in English. The manual is intended for students in the BS Artificial Intelligence program at the National University of Modern Languages for Spring 2025.

Uploaded by

muhammadumairakram167
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0 views

Dicreate-Assignment_no1 (Muhammad Umair)

The document is a lab manual for a Discrete Structures course, detailing assignments related to propositions, truth values, and logical connectives. It includes various questions interpreting statements, finding conjunctions, and expressing propositions in English. The manual is intended for students in the BS Artificial Intelligence program at the National University of Modern Languages for Spring 2025.

Uploaded by

muhammadumairakram167
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

OF MODERN LANGUAGES

Discrete Structures

Muhammad Umair
SPRING-2025
Mam Sara Naeem
BS Artificial Intelligence
LAB MANUAL 01

Assignment 01
ASSIGNMENT #1
QUESTION #01:
Interpret the below given statements and give answer whether they are statements, propositions
and what are the truth values of their propositions?

1. “WHAT TIME IS IT?”

• Statement: No
• Proposition: No
• Truth value: No

2. “TORONTO IS THE CAPITAL OF CANADA.”

• Statement: yes
• Proposition: yes
• Truth value: False

3. “READ THIS CAREFULLY.”

• Statement: No.
• Proposition: yes
• Truth value: No

4. “WASHINGTON, D.C., IS THE CAPITAL OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA”

• Statement: Yes
• Proposition: Yes
• Truth value: True

5. “1 + 1 = 2”

• Statement: Yes
• Proposition: Yes
• Truth value: True

6. “2 + 2 = 3”

• Statement: Yes
• Proposition: Yes
• Truth value: False
7. “X + 1 = 2”

• Statement: Yes
• Proposition: Yes
• Truth value: Indeterminate (True if x=1, False otherwise)

8. “X + Y = Z”

• Statement: Yes
• Proposition: Yes
• Truth value: Indeterminate (Coult be True or False)

QUESTION #02:
Find the conjunction of the propositions p and q where p is the proposition “Rebecca’s PC has
more than 16 GB free hard disk space” and q is the proposition “The processor in Rebecca’s PC
runs faster than 1 GHz.”

Solution:

↳ p ∧ q or p AND q

• p: Rebecca’s PC has more than 16 GB free hard disk space.


• q: The processor in Rebecca’s PC runs faster than 1 GHz.

↳ Conjunction:

• Rebecca's PC has more than 16 GB free hard disk space AND the processor in Rebecca's PC runs
than 1 GHz.

QUESTION #03:
Let p and q be the propositions

• p: I bought a lottery ticket this week.


• q: I won the million-dollar jackpot.

Express each of these propositions as an English sentence.

1. ¬p

• I did not buy a lottery ticket this week.

2. p ∨ q

• I bought a lottery ticket this week or I won the million-dollar jackpot (or Both).

3. p ∧ q

• I bought a lottery ticket this week and I won the million-dollar jackpot.
4. ¬p ∧ ¬q

• I did not buy a lottery ticket this week and I did not win the million-dollar jackpot.

5. ¬p ∨ (p ∧ q)

• Either I did not buy a lottery ticket this week, or I bought a lottery ticket this week and won the
million-dollar jackpot.

QUESTION #04:
Let p and q be the propositions

• p: It is below freezing.
• q: It is snowing.

Write these propositions using p and q and logical connectives (including negations).

1. IT IS BELOW FREEZING AND SNOWING.

• Logical expression: p ∧ q

2. IT IS BELOW FREEZING BUT NOT SNOWING.

• Logical expression: p ∧ ¬q

3. IT IS NOT BELOW FREEZING AND IT IS NOT SNOWING .

• Logical expression: ¬p ∧ ¬q

4. IT IS EITHER SNOWING OR BELOW FREEZING (OR BOTH) .

• Logical expression: p ∨ q

QUESTION #05:
Let p, q, and r be the propositions

• p: You have the flu.


• q: You miss the final examination.
• r: You pass the course.

Express each of these propositions as an English sentence.

1. p ∨ q ∨ r

• English Sentence: You have the flu, or you miss the final examination, or you pass the course
2. (p ∧ q) ∨ (¬q ∧ r)

• English Sentence: Either you have the flu and you miss the final examination, or you don't miss the
final examination and you pass the course.

3. (p ∧ q) ∨ (¬q ∧ r)

• English Sentence: "You don't miss the final examination and you pass the course.

You might also like