ELECTROSTATICS POTENTIA.

ANDCAPAGITANGE
Topic 1 Electrostatic Potential (a)
22.
(b) (c)
and Potential Energy (d)
2e,

01 For auniformly charged thin spherical shell, the key

idea
The electric potential of ay ortinUOUs chee
systern is calculated by integration metrod
electric potential (V) radially away from the centre (O)
of shell can be graphically represented as
[2023,6April Shift-l|
04 Which of the following correctly represents the
variation of clectric potential (V) of a charged
spherical conductor of radius (R) with radial diszance
(r) from the centre? (20123, 31 Jan Shit
Va

(a) (b)
(a) (b)
ir=R
r=R
P
V

(c) (d)
(c) (d)
r-R r=R

02 Electric potential at a point 'P due to a point charge R

of 5x 10Cis 50 V. The distance of 'P from the
05 Two uniformly charged spherical conductors distanz
A2nd
point charge
1 is
of radii 5 mm and 10 mm are separated by a
(Assume, =9x10* N-m'c-2) of 2 cm. If the spheres are connected by a conducting
4Te0 [2023, 8 April Shift-II)
(a) 90 cm (b) 3 cm (c) 0.9 cm (d) 9 cm
Wire, then in equilibrium condition, the ratio of the
magnitudes of the electric fields at the surface of the
03 The electric potential at the centre of two concentric sphere A and B will be (2022, 26July Shijf-l
half-rings of radii Rand R,, having same linear (a) 1:2 (b) 2: 1 (c) 1:1 (d) I:4
charge density 2. is (2023, 24 Jan Shift-II] 06 An a particle and a proton are accelerated from rst
through the same potential difference. The ratio
linear momenta acquired by above rwo particle w
(2022, 29JulyShit
be
R2
(a) V2:1 (b) 2/2:1
R1
(c) 4v2:1 (d) 8:1
 (2R + r)
07 Given bellow
are two statements. 1 (R+r) 1
(2) (b)
Statement I Electric potential is Constant within and 4TE, 2(R²+r) 4nE, (R² +r²)
r rhe surface of each conductor.
Statement II Electric field just outside a
charged (c)
1 (R+ 2r)Q
4E 2R +')
(d)
4rE0 (R' +')
1
(R+r)_o
conductor is perpendicular to the surface of the X-axis
conductor at every point. 12 Two point charges 4q and -g are fixed on the
che light of the above statements, choose the most -d
at x = and x = respectively. Ifa third point
appropriate answer from the options given beiow. 2 2
charge gis taken from the origin to x =d along the
PO22, 29 July Shift-I
a) Both Satement Iand Staterment II are corect. semi-circle as shown in the figure, the energy of the
A)Boch Statement I and Statement II are incorrect. (2020, 4 Sep Shift-I]
(c Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect. charge will
(A Staterment Iis incorrect but Statement II is correct.
08 If the electric potential at any point (x, y, z)m in
space is given by V = 3x* V. The electric field at the
point (1,0, 3) m will be (2022, 29 June Shift-II) 4g

(a) 3Vm, directed along positive X-axis.

(b)3 Vm, directed along negative X-axis. 2g (b) decrease by
4g'
() 6 Vm,directed along positive X-axis. (a) increase by
3re,d 3re,d
()6 Vm, directed along ncgative X-axis.
(c) increase by (d) decrease by
If the electric field is only function of xie. 4rE0d
key E =f(x) then the direction of the electic field is 4nE,d
idea along X-axis. 13 Consider two charged metallic spheres S, and S,
of
electric fields E,
radii R, and Rz, respectively. Thesurfaces
(on S;) and E, (on S, )on their are such
09 Sixty four conducting drops cach of radius 0.02 mto V, (on S,)/V,
and each carrying a charge of 5 uC are combined that E, / E, = R, IR,. Then the ratio
(on S,) of the electrostatic potentials on each
form a bigger drop. The ratio of surface density of (2020, 8 Jan Shift-Ij
bigger drop to the smaller drop will be
2022, 26 Jun Shift-I]
sphere is
3
(b) 4: 1 (a)
R (b) R,I R,
(a) 1:4 R
(c)l:8 (d) 8: 1
(c) RIR () (R, /R,)
10 The two thin coaxial rings, each of radius a and
having charges +Q and -Q, respectively are separated 14 A charge Q is distributed over three concentric
between
by a distance of s. The potential difference (2021, 26Aug Shift-1I spherical shells of radii4, b, c(a<b<c), such that
the centres of the two rings 1S their surface charge densities are cqual to one
1 1 1 another. The total potential at a point at distance r
(a) (b)
4TE0 Vs+a2 from their common centre, where r<a, would be
2E0 Vs+a [2020, 10 Jan Shift-I]
ab + be + ca
1 1 (6
Q
1 (a
(c) (d) 4nE,(a +b+c) 12rE9 abc
2reo4 s+a
Vs+a Q(a + b+c) .Qla' +b' +c?)
(c) (d)
Acharge Qis distributed over two concentric
Conducting chin spherical shells radi r andR(R>r).
It the surface charge densities on the two shells are 15 Asolid conducting sphere, having acharge Q, is
cqual, the electric potential at the common centre is surrounded by an uncharged conducting hollow
(2020, 2 Sep Shifi-II]
spherical shell. Let the potential difference berween
the surface of the solid sphere and that of the outer
surface of the hollow shell be V. If the shell is now
given a charge of -4 Q, the newispotential difference
8April Shif-I]
between the same two surfaces (2019,
(a) -2V (b) 2V
(c) 4V (d) V
 Qcach are placed i
16 Asystem of three
charges are placed as shown in the 20 Four equal point charges in the
figure 7-plane at (0, 2), (4,. 2), (4, -2) and (0, -2).
Qat che The
work required to put a fifth charge
the coordinate system (in joule) will be origin
2019, 10 Jan Shit-n
(a
(6) l+
4RE V3
If D >> d, the potential
energy of the Q' Q? 1+ 1
(d)
by system is best grven (c)
4TE0
[2019, 9 April Shift-i) 2V2neo
(a q' 2qQd
4 21 Threc charges Qtq and tq are placed at the ve:
D'
D² of aright angle isosceles triangle as shown
(c) q' qQd
(d) 1 q net clectrostatic energy of the configurationbelow.
IS zero,Theif
2D d
the value ofQ is 2019, 11 Jan Shit-)
D?

kevThe potential energy of dipoie and charge Qwith

idea dipole is
(PT)hota (PEhipoe + (PEspgle with O +g +g

17n froe space, a particle A of charge låC is held (a) -24

(b)9
at a point P. Another particde Bof the
fixed 1+ 2 (c) t9 (d)
W2 +1
and mass 4 ug is kept at a distance of 1same mm
charge 22 An clectric field of 1000 V/m is applied to an electric
If B is rclcased, then its velocity at a from P.
from P is distance of 9 mm dipole at angle of 45o, The value of clectric dipole
moment is 10 29 C-m. What is the
Take, of the clectricdipole? potentialenergy
=9x 10 N-m'C-2 (2019, 11 Jan Shif-lI])
(a) -9x 10-20 | (b) -10 x10J
[2019, 10 April Shift-11] (c) - 20 x10-1$ | (d) -7x10-J
(a) 1.5 x 10 m/s (b) 30 >x 10* m/s 23 Three concenric metal shells A, B and C of
(c) L.0 m/s (d) 2.0 >x 10 m/s
18 A uniformly charged ring of radius 3a and total
respective radii4, b and c(a<b<) have surface
charge densities +o, -o and +o, respectively. The
charge q is placed in y-planc centred at origin. A potential of shell B is JEE Main 2018)
point charge q is moving towards the ring along the -6'
2-axis and has speed v at z =4a. The minimum (a
+
(b)
value ofu such that it crosses the origin is b
(2019, 10 April Shif-I]
1/2 (c)
4 (d) +4
(a) (b) q
Vm5 4TE 04 |15 4TE 4
1/2
\1/2
key Potential of B= Potential due to charge on A+
() |2 1 q
2 2 9 idea Potential due to charge on B+ Potential due to
(d) charge on C.
Vm 15 4TE 04 m15 4TE 04
19 A point dipole p=- Po is kept at the origin. The 24 Auniformly charged
solid
potential and electric field due to this dipole on the potential V, (measured withsphere of radius Rhas
Y-axis at adistance d are, respectively [Take, V =0 at surface. For this sphere, the respect to o) on itS
cquipotential surfaces
infinity]
P
2019, 12 April Shift-I] with potentials
5Vo 3Vo and Vo have radius
P 2 4 4
(a) (b) 0, R,, Rz, Rz3, and R, respectively. Then,4 JEENMain 2015]
(a) R, =0 and R, >
p
(d)
P P (b) R, 0and
(c) R, =0 and R(R, ,
(R4-R3)
(c) 0,
4nE,d 4nE,d' 4nE,d (d) 2R<R4 -R,)>(R4-Ry)
<(R4 R3)
 25 Assume that an electric field E =30x exists in 31 An clectric charge 10 C is placed at the origin
space. Then, the potential difference y A-Vo where (0, 0)of xy-coordinate system. Two points Aand B
V, is the potential at the origin and V is the are situated at (V2, V2) and (2, 0) respectively. The
potential at x =2 m, is (JEE Main 2014] potential difference between the points Aand Bwill be
(a) 120 J (b) -120J (c) -80 J (d) 80J [AIEEE 2007]
26A charge Qis uniformly distributed over a long rod (a) 9 V (b) zero
(c) 2 V (d) 4.5 V
AB of length Las shown in the figure. The electric 32Two spherical conductors A and B of radii l mm and
potential at the point Olying at distance Lfrom the
end A is (JEE Main 2013) 2 mm are separated by a distance of 5 cm and are
A B uniformly charged. If the spheres are connected by a
conducting wire, then in equilibrium condition, the
ratio of the magnitude of the electric fields at the
3Q Q surfaces of spheres A and B is (AIEEE 2006)
(a) (b) (c) (d) QIn 2 (a) 4: 1 (b) 1:2
8r E4L 4T E,L In 2
(c) 2:1 (d) 1:4
27 Two positive charges of magnitude q are placed at the 33Two insulating plates are both uniformly charged in
ends of a side 1 of a square of side 2a. Two negative such a way that the potential difference between them
charges of the same magnitude are kept at the other is V, -V =20 V (.e., plate 2 is at a higher
corners. Starting from rest, if a charge Q moves from potential). The plates are separated by d =0.l m and
che middle of side 1 to the centre of square, its kinetic can be treated as infinitely large. An electron is
energy at the centre of square is [AIEEE 2011] released from rest on the inner surface of plate 1.
2qQ (b) zero What is its speed when it hits plate 2?
(a)
(e=1.6x 10-C, mo =9.1lx 10 kg) AIEEE 2006/
(c)
1 2q2 (d)
1

4TTE0 4nE0
-0.1 m
28 Two points P and Q are maintained at the potentials
of 10 V and -4 V, respectively. The work done in
moving 100 electrons from P to Q is [AIEEE 20091) 1

(a) -19 x 10 J (b) 9.60 x 10-" |

(a) 2.65x 10 ms ! (b) 7.02x 10!2 ms - 1
(c) -2.24 x10-6 (d) 2.24 x 10-6 J
(c) L87 x 106 ms
-1 (d) 32 x 10-19 ms -1
29 The potential at a point x (measured in um) due to
some charges situated on the x-axis is given by 34 Two thin wire rings each having a radius R are placed
V(*) =20/*-4) volt. at a distance d apart with their axes coinciding. The
charges on the two rings are tq and -g. The potential
The electricfield E at x =4um is given by [AIEEE 2007] difference between the centres of the two rings is
AIEEE 2005]
(a) V/um and in the -ve x-direction
1
(a) (b)
(b) 5.V/um and in the +ve x-direction 4nE,d' 280
3

(c) V/um and in the -ve x-direction 1

(c) zero (d)
R
(d) V/um and in the +ve x-direction
9 35 A thin spherical conducting shell of radius R has a
30 Charges are placed on the vertices of a square as charge q. Another charge Q is placed at the centre of
shown. Let E be the electric field and V be the the shell. The electrostatic potential at a point P at a
are distance RI2 from the centre of the shell is
potential at the centre. If the charges on A and B (AIEEE 2003]
interchanged with those on Dand C respectively,
[AIEEE 2007] 2Q 2Q 2q
then (a) (b)
(a) E remains unchanged, V changes 4nE,R 4nE,R 4nE,R
(b) both Eand Vchange 2Q (d) 9 t 2
(c)
() F and Vremain unchanged 4nE,R
(d) E changes, Vremains unchanged
 36 On moving a charge of 20 C by 2 cm, 2 Jof work is
done, then the potential difference berween the
points is [AIEEE 2002]
(a) 0.1 V (b) 8 V
(c) 2 V (d) 0.5 V

NumericalValue Type Questions

37 Three concentricspherical merallic shells X, Y and Z
of radius a, b and c respectively [ a<b<c] have
surface charge densities o, -o and o, respectively.
Theshells X and Z are at sameepotential. If the radü
of X and Yare 2 cm and 3 cm, respectively. The
radius of shell Z is ...... cm. [2023, 10 April Shifl-]
38 64identical drops each charged upto potential of
10mV are combined to form a bigger drop. The
potentialof the bigger drop will be mV.
[2023, 12 April Shifi-]
39 For acharged spherical ball, electrostatic potential
inside the ball varies with r as V =2ar +b. Here,
a and b are constant and r is the distance from the
centre. The volume charge density inside the ball is
-haE. The value ofh is
[ =permittivity of the medium (2023, 29 Jan Shift -II|
40 27 identical drops are charged at 22 V each. They
combine to form a bigger drop. The potential of the
bigger drop will be.... v. [2022, 25 June Shift-I)
41 The average translational kinetic energy of N2 gas
molecules at .°Cbecomes equal to the KE of
an electron accelerated from rest through a potential
difference of 0.1 V.
[Given, Kp =1.38x 102 J/K] [2021, 1 Sep Shift-II]
42 27 similar drops of mercuryare maintained at 10 V
each. Allthese spherical drops combine intoa single
big drop. The potential energy of the bigger drop is
times that of a smaller drop.
[2021, 26 Feb Shift-I]
43 512 identical drops of mercury are charged toa
potential of 2 V cach. The drops are joined to form a
single drop. The potential of this drop is
V. [2021, 25 Feb Shifi-I]
 Key Index
1 (d) 2 (a) 3 (d) 4 (c) 55 (b)
66 (b) 7 (a). 8 (d) 9 (b) 10 (a)
11 (d) 12 (b) 13 (d) 14 (c) 15 (d)
16 (d) 17 (*) 18 (d) 19 (b) 20 (d)
21 (d) 22 (d) 23 (b) 24 (C.d) 25 (c)
26 (d) 27 (a) 28 (d) 29 (d) 30 (d)
31 (b) 32 (c) 33 (a) 34 (b) 35 (c)
36 (a) 37 (S) 38 (160) 39 (12) 40 (198)
41 (500) 42 (243) 43. (128) 44 (d) 45 (a)