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공수1 송용수

The document outlines the final and midterm exam problems for an Engineering Mathematics course, covering topics such as ordinary differential equations (ODEs), linear algebra, Laplace transforms, and numerical methods. Each problem is assigned a specific point value, indicating its importance in the overall assessment. The problems require students to solve ODEs, prove mathematical statements, and apply various mathematical techniques.

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14 views4 pages

공수1 송용수

The document outlines the final and midterm exam problems for an Engineering Mathematics course, covering topics such as ordinary differential equations (ODEs), linear algebra, Laplace transforms, and numerical methods. Each problem is assigned a specific point value, indicating its importance in the overall assessment. The problems require students to solve ODEs, prove mathematical statements, and apply various mathematical techniques.

Uploaded by

avrilkiyoung
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Mathematics

Final Exam

Problem 1 (40 points)


Solve the given ODEs.
(a) (x 2)2 y 00 4(x 2)y 0 + 6y = 0, y(3) = 0.4, y 0 (3) = 0.
(b) y 00 + 4y = 12 sin 2x, y(0) = 1.8, y 0 (0) = 5.0.

(c) xy 00 + (2x + 1)y 0 + (x + 1)y = 0.


(d) y 00 + 6y 0 + 9y = 16e 3x
/(x2 + 1).

Problem 2 (15 points)


Let y1 (x), . . . , yn (x) be solutions of a homogeneous linear ODE

y (n) + pn 1 (x)y
(n 1)
+ · · · + p1 (x)y 0 + p0 (x)y = 0

with continuous coefficients p0 (x), . . . , pn 1 (x) on an open interval I. Prove that their Wronskian W =
W (y1 , . . . , yn ) satisfies W 0 = pn 1 W . Conclude that if the Wronskian is zero for some x = x0 in I, then
W is identically zero on I.

Problem 3 (30 points)


In this problem, we find solutions of an n-th order homogeneous linear ODE with constant coefficients

y (n) + an 1y
(n 1)
+ · · · + a1 y 0 + a0 y = 0

and show the linear independence. We will denote by L [y] = y 0 y for a constant .
(a) Show that if y = p(x) · e x for some polynomial p(x) of degree d, then L [y] = q(x) · e x
for some
polynomial q(x) of degree d 1. In particular, L [y] = 0 if p(x) is a constant.
0
(b) Show that if y = p(x) · e x for some polynomial p(x) of degree d and 6= , then L 0 [y] = q(x) · e x

for some polynomial q(x) of degree d.


(c) Let 1 , . . . , k be distinct roots of the characteristic equation and mi be the multiplicity of i for
1  i  k. Show that e i x , x · e i x , . . . , xmi 1 · e i x are solutions of the ODE for i = 1, . . . , k.
(d) Prove that n solutions in (c) are linearly independent (Hint: consider Ld 1 Lm22 ··· Lmkk from
d = m1 1 to 0).

Problem 4 (15 points)


Consider a linear ODE with constant coefficients y (n) + an 1 y (n 1) + · · · + a1 y 0 + a0 y = p(x) for a polynomial
p(x) of degree d. Prove that there exists a polynomial solution of degree d if a0 6= 0.
Problem 5 (20 points)
(a) Find a general solution of the following system.

y10 = y1 + y2 ,
y20 = y2 ,
y30 = y1 + 2y3 .

(b) Sketch the phase portrait and determine whether the critical point is stable or not.

y10 = 2y1 y2 ,
y20 = 5y1 2y2 .

Problem 6 (30 points)


Solve the following equations using the Laplace transform.
(a) y 00 5y 0 + 6y = 2et u(t 1) + (t 2), y(0) = 0, y 0 (0) = 1.
Rt
(b) y 0 (t) 12 0 (t ⌧ )2 y(⌧ )d⌧ = t, y(0) = 1.
(c) y10 = y2 + u(t ⇡), y20 = y1 + u(t 2⇡), y1 (0) = 1, y2 (0) = 0.

Problem 7 (20 points)


Find the Laplace transforms of the following periodic functions.
(a) f (t) = t, 0  t < 1; f (t + 1) = f (t)

(b) f (t) = sin t, 0  t < ⇡; f (t + ⇡) = f (t)

Problem 8 (15 points)


Suppose that f (t) and g(t) are di↵erentiable functions defined on t 0 and h = f ⇤ g. Show that h0 (t) =
(f 0 ⇤ g)(t) = (f ⇤ g 0 )(t).

Problem 9 (15 points)


Let m and n be positive integers. Prove that
Z 1
m!n!
um (1 u)n du = .
0 (n + n + 1)!
m
(Hint: convolution of f (t) = t and g(t) = tn )
Engineering Mathematics

Midterm Exam

Problem 1 (10 point each)


Let A, B be n ⇥ n matrices. Prove or disprove the following statements:

(a) If A = A2 , then A = I

(b) rank AB = rank BT AT

(c) rank(AB) = min{rank A, rank B}.

(d) rank A = rank(AT A).

(e) If A and B are similar, then det A = det B.

Problem 2 (15 points)


Let A = [aij ] be a 8 ⇥ 6 matrix such that aij = 2i + 3j + 5 for 1  i  8, 1  j  6. Find the dimension of
the vector space V = {x 2 R6 : Ax = 0}.

Problem 3 (15 points)


Let A and B be n ⇥ n matrices. Prove that I AB is singular if and only if I BA is singular.

Problem 4 (10 points)



6 1
Let A = . Compute Ak for k = 1, 2, . . . .
2 3

Problem 5 (10 points)


Transform Q = 17x21 30x1 x2 + 17x22 = 128 into the canonical form and draw its graph.

Problem 6 (10 points)


Use the Euler’s method with step size h = 0.1 for the ODE y 0 = y, y(0) = 1 to find an approximate value of
y(0.2)
Problem 7 (15 points)
(Newton’s law of cooling) Experiments show that the time rate of change of the temperature T of a body
(which conducts heat well) is proportional to the di↵erence between T and the temperature of the surrounding
medium. Suppose that a thermometer, reading 5 C, is brought into a room whose temperature is 25 C.
One minute later the thermometer reading is 15 C. How long does it take until the reading 22.5 C?

Problem 8 (10 point each)


Solve the following first-order ODEs:

(a) y 0 = (x + 1)e x 2
y

(b) xy 0 = x + y

(c) (x2 + y 2 )dx 2xydy = 0

(d) y 0 = y 3y 3 , y(0) = 1

Problem 9 (15 points)


Apply the Picard iteration to solve the initial value problem y 0 = x y, y(0) = 0.

Problem 10 (10 point each)


Solve the following second-order ODEs:

(a) x2 y 00 5xy 0 + 9y = 0 (hint: y1 = x3 ).

(b) 9y 00 30y 0 + 25y = 0, y(0) = 3.3, y 0 (0) = 10.0.

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