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Maths - Solved Example Problems for Regression Analysis | 11th Business Mathematics and Statistics(EMS) :
Chapter 9 : Correlation and Regression analysis
Chapter: 11th Business Mathematics and Statistics(EMS) :
Chapter 9 : Correlation and Regression analysis
Solved Example Problems for Regression
Analysis
Calculate the regression coefficient and obtain the lines of regression for the following
data
Example 9.9
Calculate the regression coefficient and obtain the lines of
regression for the following data
Solution:
Regression coefficient of X on Y
(i) Regression equation of X on Y
(ii) Regression coefficient of Y on X
(iii) Regression equation of Y on X
Y = 0.929X–3.716+11
= 0.929X+7.284
The regression equation of Y on X is Y= 0.929X + 7.284
Example 9.10
Calculate the two regression equations of X on Y and Y on X from
the data given below, taking deviations from a actual means
of X and Y.
Estimate the likely demand when the price is Rs.20.
Solution:
Calculation of Regression equation
(i) Regression equation of X on Y
(ii) Regression Equation of Y on X
When X is 20, Y will be
= –0.25 (20)+44.25
= –5+44.25
= 39.25 (when the price is Rs. 20, the likely demand is 39.25)
Example 9.11
Obtain regression equation of Y on X and estimate Y when X=55
from the following
Solution:
(i) Regression coefficients of Y on X
(ii) Regression equation of Y on X
Y–51.57 = 0.942(X–48.29 )
Y = 0.942X–45.49+51.57=0.942 #–45.49+51.57
Y = 0.942X+6.08
The regression equation of Y on X is Y= 0.942X+6.08 Estimation
of Y when X= 55
Y= 0.942(55)+6.08=57.89
Example 9.12
Find the means of X and Y variables and the coefficient of
correlation between them from the following two regression
equations:
2Y–X–50 = 0
3Y–2X–10 = 0.
Solution:
We are given
2Y–X–50 = 0 ... (1)
3Y–2X–10 = 0 ... (2)
Solving equation (1) and (2)
We get Y = 90
Putting the value of Y in equation (1)
We get X = 130
Calculating correlation coefficient
Let us assume equation (1) be the regression equation of Y on X
2Y = X+50
NOTE
It may be noted that in the above problem one of the regression
coefficient is greater than 1 and the other is less than 1. Therefore
our assumption on given equations are correct.
Example 9.13
Find the means of X and Y variables and the coefficient of
correlation between them from the following two regression
equations:
4X–5Y+33 = 0
20X–9Y–107 = 0
Solution:
We are given
4X–5Y+33 = 0 ... (1)
20X–9Y–107 = 0 ... (2)
Solving equation (1) and (2)
We get Y = 17
Putting the value of Y in equation (1)
Calculating correlation coefficient
Let us assume equation (1) be the regression equation of X on Y
Let us assume equation (2) be the regression equation of Y on X
But this is not possible because both the regression coefficient are
greater than
So our above assumption is wrong. Therefore treating equation (1)
has regression equation of Y on X and equation (2) has regression
equation of X on Y . So we get
Example 9.14
The following table shows the sales and advertisement expenditure
of a form
Coefficient of correlation r= 0.9. Estimate the likely sales for a
proposed advertisement expenditure of Rs. 10 crores.
Solution:
When advertisement expenditure is 10 crores i.e., Y=10 then
sales X=6(10)+4=64 which implies sales is 64.
Example 9.15
There are two series of index numbers P for price index and S for
stock of the commodity. The mean and standard deviation of P are
100 and 8 and of S are 103 and 4 respectively. The correlation
coefficient between the two series is 0.4. With these data obtain the
regression lines of P on S and S on P.
Solution:
Let us consider X for price P and Y for stock S. Then the mean
and SD for P is considered as X-Bar = 100 and σx=8. respectively
and the mean and SD of S is considered as Y-Bar =103 and σy=4.
The correlation coefficient between the series is r(X,Y)=0.4
Let the regression line X on Y be
Example 9.16
For 5 pairs of observations the following results are obtained
∑X=15, ∑Y=25, ∑X2 =55, ∑Y2 =135, ∑XY=83 Find the equation
of the lines of regression and estimate the value of X on the first
line when Y=12 and value of Y on the second line if X=8.
Solution:
Y–5 = 0.8(X–3)
= 0.8X+2.6
When X=8 the value of Y is estimated as
= 0.8(8)+2.6
=9
Example 9.17
The two regression lines are 3X+2Y=26 and 6X+3Y=31. Find the
correlation coefficient.
Solution:
Let the regression equation of Y on X be
3X+2Y = 26
Example 9.18
In a laboratory experiment on correlation research study the
equation of the two regression lines were found to be 2X–Y+1=0
and 3X–2Y+7=0 . Find the means of X and Y. Also work out the
values of the regression coefficient and correlation between the
two variables X and Y.
Solution:
Solving the two regression equations we get mean values
of X and Y
Example 9.19
For the given lines of regression 3X–2Y=5and X–4Y=7. Find
(i) Regression coefficients
(ii) Coefficient of correlation
Solution:
(i) First convert the given equations Y on X and X on Y in standard
form and find their regression coefficients respectively.
Given regression lines are
3X–2Y = 5 ... (1)
X–4Y = 7 ... (2)
Let the line of regression of X on Y is
3X–2Y = 5
3X = 2Y+5
Coefficient of correlation
Since the two regression coefficients are positive then the
correlation coefficient is also positive and it is given by
Exercise 9.2
1. From the data given below
Find (a) The two regression equations, (b) The coefficient of
correlation between marks in Economics and statistics, (c) The
mostly likely marks in Statistics when the marks in Economics is
30.
2. The heights ( in cm.) of a group of fathers and sons are given
below
Find the lines of regression and estimate the height of son when
the height of the father is 164 cm.
3. The following data give the height in inches (X) and the weight
in lb. (Y) of a random sample of 10 students from a large group of
students of age 17 years:
Estimate weight of the student of a height 69 inches.
4. Obtain the two regression lines from the following data N=20,
∑X=80, ∑Y=40, ∑X2=1680, ∑Y2=320 and ∑XY=480
5. Given the following data, what will be the possible yield when
the rainfall is 29₹₹
Coefficient of correlation between rainfall and production is 0.8
6. The following data relate to advertisement expenditure(in lakh
of rupees) and their corresponding sales( in crores of rupees)
Estimate the sales corresponding to advertising expenditure of Rs.
30 lakh.
7. You are given the following data:
If the Correlation coefficient between X and Y is 0.66, then find (i)
the two regression coefficients, (ii) the most likely value
of Y when X=10
8. Find the equation of the regression line of Y on X, if the
observations ( Xi, Yi) are the following (1,4) (2,8) (3,2) ( 4,12) ( 5,
10) ( 6, 14) ( 7, 16) ( 8, 6) (9, 18)
9. A survey was conducted to study the relationship between
expenditure on accommodation (X) and expenditure on Food and
Entertainment (Y) and the following results were obtained:
Write down the regression equation and estimate the expenditure
on Food and Entertainment, if the expenditure on accommodation
is Rs. 200.
10. For 5 observations of pairs of (X, Y) of variables X and Y the
following results are obtained. ∑X=15, ∑Y=25, ∑X2=55,
∑Y2=135, ∑XY=83. Find the equation of the lines of regression
and estimate the values of X and Y if Y=8 ; X=12.
11. The two regression lines were found to be 4X–5Y+33=0 and
20X–9Y–107=0 . Find the mean values and coefficient of
correlation between X and Y.
12. The equations of two lines of regression obtained in a
correlation analysis are the following 2X=8–3Y and 2Y=5–X .
Obtain the value of the regression coefficients and correlation
coefficient.
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