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The document provides an introduction to computers, defining them as programmable electronic devices that process data into information. It outlines the history of computers, highlighting key developments such as Charles Babbage's inventions and the evolution of the term 'computer'. Additionally, it details the main components of a computer system, including the CPU, input and output devices, and the broader field of Information Electronics and Communication Technology (IECT).

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12 views

OT

The document provides an introduction to computers, defining them as programmable electronic devices that process data into information. It outlines the history of computers, highlighting key developments such as Charles Babbage's inventions and the evolution of the term 'computer'. Additionally, it details the main components of a computer system, including the CPU, input and output devices, and the broader field of Information Electronics and Communication Technology (IECT).

Uploaded by

megh94001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OT

Ch-1 introduction to computer

Computer:
A computer is programmable electronic devices that takes data logical and arithmetic operation and
gives the output

Whatever is given to the computer as input is called 'data', while the output received after
processing is called 'information'.

History:
The term “computer” was first introduced in 1640; it was derived from Latin word
“computer” which meant ‘to calculate’, in 1897 it was known as ‘calculating machine’. Later
1945, the term ‘computer’ was ‘programmable digital electronic computer ’which is now
called ‘computer’

In 1833,Charles Babbage invented an early calculator, which was named as ‘difference


engine’ .later 1837,he was introduced the first mechanical, general purpose compute
‘Analytical engine’ .over the time the computer become powerful in performance and small
size.

Components of Computer System:

 CPU
 Input and Output device
 Memory are computer three main building blocks
5 main components of computer:
 Input device
 CPU
 Output device
 Primary memory
 Secondary memory

Input Devices:
 Mice
it is common input tool to move cursor on computer.
 Keyboard
it is most commonly used input devices for insert texts or queries into computer.
 Scanner
It is input physical document or image in the computer.
 Microphone
It is used to input data audio into system of computing.

Output Devices:
Monitor
Printer
Speaker

CPU:
The computer’s “brain” is central processing unit. CPU components are the control unit,
arithmetic logical unit, registers, clock.

THE CONTROL UNIT:


The control unit is crucial part of CPU .it is charge of reading and decoding information from
memory. the right part of CPU receive and execute these instruction from the control unit.
THE ARITHMETIC UNIT:

IECT stands for Information Electronics and Communication Technology. IECT is a broader
term for Information Technology (IT), which includes information, data processing,
information life cycle and its importance in a day to day life, communication technologies,
internet, advanced wired or wireless networks, internet, data transformation, cell phones,
computers, application and software’s, middleware, social networking, audio and video
conferencing and related different application areas where multimedia highly utilises to
access, retrieve, store, transmit, and manipulate data/information in a digital form. Hence,
IECT encompasses the study, design, and application of electronic devices and systems for
processing, transmitting, storing, and retrieving information. An IECT is a combination of
electrical engineering, computer science & engineering, and telecommunications.

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