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microcontroller_test_solutions_full

The document provides solutions for multiple-choice questions and assembly programming tasks related to microcontrollers and embedded systems. It includes correct answers for MCQs, explanations for assembly code solutions, and various programming tasks such as addition, subtraction, and bit manipulation. Each section emphasizes understanding the logic behind the solutions.

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wakeelsahito12
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

microcontroller_test_solutions_full

The document provides solutions for multiple-choice questions and assembly programming tasks related to microcontrollers and embedded systems. It includes correct answers for MCQs, explanations for assembly code solutions, and various programming tasks such as addition, subtraction, and bit manipulation. Each section emphasizes understanding the logic behind the solutions.

Uploaded by

wakeelsahito12
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solutions for Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Test

Instructions:

1. For MCQs, the correct answer is provided.

2. For programming tasks, the assembly code solution is provided with explanations.

3. Ensure you understand the logic behind each solution.

Section 1: Multiple Choice Questions - Solutions

What is the primary purpose of a microcontroller?

Answer: b) Control external devices and systems

Which microcontroller family does the ATmega32 belong to?

Answer: c) AVR

Which addressing mode is used to load an immediate value directly into a register?

Answer: b) Immediate addressing

Which instruction performs a logical AND operation on two registers?

Answer: b) AND

What is the maximum size of EEPROM in ATmega16?

Answer: c) 1024 bytes

Which flag in the status register is set when the result of an operation is zero?

Answer: a) Z flag

Which of the following is a shift instruction in AVR assembly?

Answer: b) LSR
What is the primary purpose of the ADC in a microcontroller?

Answer: a) To convert analog signals to digital

Which register is used to control the baud rate in USART communication?

Answer: a) UBRR

What is the maximum number of I/O pins in ATmega32?

Answer: a) 32

Which of the following is a feature of RISC architecture?

Answer: b) Single-clock cycle instructions

What is the primary function of the interrupt system in a microcontroller?

Answer: b) Temporarily halt program execution

Which of the following protocols is used for serial communication?

Answer: d) All of the above

Which memory type is typically used for temporary data storage in microcontrollers?

Answer: c) SRAM

Which instruction is used to store a value into a register?

Answer: c) STS

What is the bit width of the registers in AVR microcontrollers?

Answer: a) 8 bits

What does the `NOP` instruction do in AVR assembly?

Answer: a) No operation

Which peripheral is controlled by the Timer/Counter module in AVR?


Answer: b) PWM

Which of the following instructions is used to rotate the contents of a register left through

the carry?

Answer: b) ROL

In a microcontroller, what does the ADC stand for?

Answer: b) Analog-to-Digital Converter

Section 2: Assembly Program Solutions

Task 1: Add Two 8-Bit Numbers

Solution:

; Add two 8-bit numbers and store the result in a register

LDI R20, 0x25 ; Load the first number into R20

LDI R21, 0x30 ; Load the second number into R21

ADD R22, R20 ; Add R20 to R22 (R22 = R22 + R20)

ADD R22, R21 ; Add R21 to R22 (R22 = R22 + R21)

Task 2: Subtract Two 8-Bit Numbers

Solution:

; Subtract two 8-bit numbers and store the result in a register

LDI R20, 0x60 ; Load the first number into R20

LDI R21, 0x30 ; Load the second number into R21

SUB R22, R20 ; Subtract R21 from R20 (R22 = R20 - R21)

Task 3: Rotate Left Using ROL Instruction

Solution:

; Rotate the contents of R20 left through the carry flag

LDI R20, 0x45 ; Load the value 0x45 into R20


ROL R20 ; Rotate the contents of R20 left through the carry

Task 4: Check If a Number Is Even or Odd Using AND

Solution:

; Check if a number is even or odd using AND

LDI R20, 0x56 ; Load the number into R20

ANDI R20, 0x01 ; AND R20 with 0x01

BRNE ODD ; If result is non-zero, the number is odd

; EVEN Case

; Code for even number

BR Exit

ODD:

; Code for odd number

Exit:

Task 5: Perform a Logical OR Between Two Registers

Solution:

; Perform a logical OR operation between R20 and R21

LDI R20, 0x55 ; Load value 0x55 into R20

LDI R21, 0xAA ; Load value 0xAA into R21

OR R20, R21 ; OR the contents of R21 with R20

Task 6: 16-Bit Addition

Solution:

; Perform a 16-bit addition and store the result in R20 and R21

LDI R20, 0x10 ; Load low byte of the first number

LDI R21, 0x20 ; Load high byte of the first number

LDI R22, 0x30 ; Load low byte of the second number


LDI R23, 0x40 ; Load high byte of the second number

ADD R20, R22 ; Add low bytes

ADC R21, R23 ; Add high bytes with carry

Task 7: Compare Two Registers and Set a Flag

Solution:

; Compare two registers and set the Zero flag if they are equal

LDI R20, 0x30 ; Load value into R20

LDI R21, 0x30 ; Load value into R21

CP R20, R21 ; Compare R20 with R21

BRNE NOT_EQUAL ; If registers are not equal, branch

; EQUAL case

; Code for equal case

BR Exit

NOT_EQUAL:

; Code for not equal case

Exit:

Task 8: Set a Particular Bit in a Register

Solution:

; Set the third bit in R20

LDI R20, 0x00 ; Load value 0x00 into R20

SBI R20, 2 ; Set bit 2 in R20 (binary 00000100)

Task 9: Use CMP Instruction to Compare Two Registers

Solution:

; Compare R20 and R21, branch if equal

LDI R20, 0x55 ; Load value 0x55 into R20


LDI R21, 0x55 ; Load value 0x55 into R21

CMP R20, R21 ; Compare R20 with R21

BREQ EQUAL ; Branch if equal

Task 10: Implement a Simple Delay Using Loop

Solution:

; Simple delay loop

LDI R20, 0xFF ; Load value into R20 for loop count

DELAY:

DEC R20 ; Decrement R20

BRNE DELAY ; Repeat until R20 is zero

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