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Module 7 - Design of Beams Using Design Charts

Module 8 discusses the design of beams using AISC design charts, which provide values for moment capacities across various unbraced lengths. The charts allow for quick selection of beam sections based on design moments, with considerations for factors like Cb and unbraced lengths. Two example problems illustrate the use of LRFD and ASD methods for selecting the lightest available beam sections under specific loading conditions.

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Roldan Dayson
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11 views

Module 7 - Design of Beams Using Design Charts

Module 8 discusses the design of beams using AISC design charts, which provide values for moment capacities across various unbraced lengths. The charts allow for quick selection of beam sections based on design moments, with considerations for factors like Cb and unbraced lengths. Two example problems illustrate the use of LRFD and ASD methods for selecting the lightest available beam sections under specific loading conditions.

Uploaded by

Roldan Dayson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 8

DESIGN OF BEAMS USING DESIGN


CHARTS

COURSE MATERIALS
Fortunately, the values of ∅ b M n and M n /Ωb for sections normally used as beams have
been computed by the AISC, plotted for a wide range of unbraced lengths, and shown
as Table 3-10 in the AISC Manual. These diagrams enable us to solve any of the
problems previously considered in this chapter in just a few seconds.
The values provided cover unbraced lengths in the plastic range, in the inelastic
range, and on into the elastic buckling range (Zones 1–3). They are plotted for F y =¿ 50
ksi and C b=¿ 1.0.
The LRFD curve for a typical W section is shown in Fig. 1. For each of the
shapes, L p is indicated with a solid circle (.) while Lr is shown with a hollow circle (O).
The charts were developed without regard to such things as shear, deflection,
etc.—items that may occasionally control the design, this is described in other Chapter.
They cover almost all of the unbraced lengths encountered in practice. If C b is greater
than 1.0, the values given will be magnified somewhat, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
To select a member, it is necessary to enter the chart only with the unbraced
length Lb and the factored design moment M u or the ASD moment M a. For an
illustration, let’s assume that C b=1.0 , F y =¿ 50 ksi and that we wish to select a beam
with Lb=¿ 18 ft , ∅ b M n =¿ 544 ft k (or M n /Ωb=¿ 370 ft k ). For this problem, the
appropriate page from AISC Table 3-10 is shown in Fig. 3.
First, for the LRFD solution, we proceed up from the bottom of the chart for an
unbraced length Lb=¿ 18 ft until we intersect a horizontal line from the ∅ M n column of
544 ft k. Any section to the right and above this intersection point ( ↗) will have a greater
unbraced length and a greater design moment capacity.
Moving up and to the right, we first encounter the W16 X 89 and W14 X 90
sections. In this area of the charts, these sections are shown with dashed lines. The
dashed lines indicate that the sections will provide the necessary moment capacities,
but are in an uneconomical range. If we proceed further upward and to the right, the first
solid line encountered will represent the lightest satisfactory section. In this case, it is a
W24 X 84. For an ASD solution of the same problem, we enter the chart with Lb=¿ 18 ft
and M a=¿ 370 ft k and use the left column entitled M n /Ω The result, again, is a W24 X
84.
FIGURE 1: LRFD design moment for a beam plotted versus
unbraced length, Lb.

Figure 2
Figure 3
Problem

Using 50 ksi steel, select the lightest available section for the beam loaded shown in
Figure, which has lateral bracing provided for its compression flange, only at its ends.
Assume that C b = 1.00 for this problem. (It’s actually 1.14.) Use both LRFD and ASD
methods

Solution:

Neglect beam weight initially then check after member selection is made

LRFD ASD

Note: To obtain the value of ∅ b M n or M n /Ω proceed up from the bottom of the chart for
an Lb=¿ 20 ft until we intersect the line for the W12 × 53 member. Turn left and proceed
with a horizontal line and read the value of either ∅ b M n or M n /Ω from the vertical axis.

That is , ∅ b M n = 228 + 1.5 +1 = 230.5 ft k


M n /Ω = 152 +1 + 0.6 = 153.6 ft k
Page 3-126

Problem 2:

Using 50 ksi steel and both the LRFD and ASD methods, select the lightest available
section for the situation shown in Figure. Bracing is provided only at the ends and
center line of the member, and thus, Lb = 17 ft .
Solution:

For this following problem, is greater than 1.0. For such a situation, the we should look
back to Fig. 2. There, we will see that the design moment strength of a section can go to
C b ∅ b M n when C b >1.0 but may under no circumstances exceed ∅ b M p =∅ b F y Z nor
may M a exceed M n /Ω for the section.
Looking at the Figures forC b, C b is 1.67 if the only uniform load is the member
self-weight and it is neglected. If the self-weight is considered then C b will be between
1.67 and 1.30. Since the self-weight is a small portion of the design moment, C b is near
the value of 1.67 and using it would be a reasonable assumption.

To handle such a problem, we calculate an effective moment, with C b=1.67

Neglect beam weight initially then check after member selection is made:
LRFD ASD
Page 3- 119
page 3-16..

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