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Recently Asked Data Analyst interview questions-2

The document outlines commonly asked interview questions for data analysts, covering SQL, Python, Excel, and Power BI. It provides sample queries and explanations for finding duplicates, performing joins, handling data in pandas, using Excel functions, and creating calculated columns in Power BI. Each section includes specific examples and best practices for data manipulation and analysis.

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manidaya555
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2 views

Recently Asked Data Analyst interview questions-2

The document outlines commonly asked interview questions for data analysts, covering SQL, Python, Excel, and Power BI. It provides sample queries and explanations for finding duplicates, performing joins, handling data in pandas, using Excel functions, and creating calculated columns in Power BI. Each section includes specific examples and best practices for data manipulation and analysis.

Uploaded by

manidaya555
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Recently Asked Data Analyst interview questions

SQL

1. How do you write a query to find duplicate rows in a table?

Answer: To find duplicate rows in a table, we use the GROUP BY clause and the HAVING
keyword:

SELECT column1, column2, COUNT(*) AS count

FROM table_name

GROUP BY column1, column2

HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;

This query groups the data by relevant columns and filters those with a count greater than
one, indicating duplicates.

2. How would you perform a left join and filter out nulls in SQL?

Answer: A LEFT JOIN retains all records from the left table and matches records from the
right table. To remove nulls from the right table, use a WHERE clause:

SELECT a.*, b.*

FROM table1 a

LEFT JOIN table2 b ON a.id = b.id

WHERE b.id IS NOT NULL;

This ensures only matching records are retrieved.

3. What is a window function in SQL, and how do you use it for ranking data?

Answer: Window functions perform calculations across a subset of rows related to the
current row without collapsing data. The RANK() function assigns ranks based on a
specified column:

SELECT id, name, salary, RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY department ORDER BY salary DESC)
AS rank

FROM employees;
This ranks employees within each department based on salary.

Python

1. How do you import a CSV file into a pandas DataFrame and handle missing
data?

Answer: Import pandas as pd

Df = pd.read_csv(‘data.csv’) # Import CSV

Df.fillna(0, inplace=True) # Replace missing values with 0

Df.dropna(inplace=True) # Drop rows with missing values

This ensures missing values are handled efficiently.

2. How do you use list comprehensions to filter and transform data?

Answer: Numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

Squared_evens = [x**2 for x in numbers if x % 2 == 0]

Print(squared_evens) # Output: [4, 16, 36]

List comprehensions efficiently filter and transform lists in a single line.

3. What are the differences between the apply() and map() functions in pandas?

Answer: Map() applies a function element-wise to a Series:

Df[‘column’] = df[‘column’].map(lambda x: x * 2)

Apply() works on both Series and DataFrames, allowing more flexibility:

Df[‘column’] = df[‘column’].apply(lambda x: x * 2)

Df.apply(lambda row: row[‘A’] + row[‘B’], axis=1) # Works row-wise

Excel

1. How would you use VLOOKUP or XLOOKUP to merge data between two Excel
sheets?
Answer: VLOOKUP searches for a value in the first column and returns a value from a
specified column:

=VLOOKUP(A2, Sheet2!A:B, 2, FALSE)

XLOOKUP (available in Excel 2019+) offers more flexibility:

=XLOOKUP(A2, Sheet2!A:A, Sheet2!B:B, “Not Found”)

2. What is the difference between absolute and relative cell references, and when
would you use each?

Answer: Relative references (A1) adjust dynamically when copied across cells.

Absolute references ($A$1) remain fixed when copied.

Use absolute references for fixed lookup values and relative references for formulas that
need to adjust dynamically.

3. How do you create a pivot table and analyze data with it?
1. Select data → Insert → PivotTable.
2. Drag fields into Rows, Columns, Values, and Filters sections.
3. Use “Value Field Settings” to calculate SUM, COUNT, or AVERAGE.

Power BI

1. How would you create and customize a calculated column in Power BI?

Answer: Go to “Modeling” → “New Column” and use DAX:

TotalRevenue = Sales[Quantity] * Sales[UnitPrice]

Calculated columns store results in the data model and update when refreshed.

2. What is the difference between a slicer and a filter in Power BI, and when would
you use each?

Answer: Slicers are visual elements that allow users to interactively filter data on a report.

Filters are applied at the report, page, or visual level in the “Filter Pane.”
Use slicers for interactive dashboards and filters for static data refinement.

3. How do you create relationships between tables in Power BI, and how do they
impact your data model?

Answer :

1. Go to “Model View” → Drag and connect related columns.


2. Choose “One-to-Many” or “Many-to-Many” relationships.
3. Relationships enable efficient joins, maintaining data consistency.

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