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computer memory

The document provides an overview of computer memory and hardware, detailing the functions and differences between various types of memory such as RAM, ROM, and cache, as well as components like the CPU, motherboard, and power supply unit. It explains concepts like volatile vs non-volatile memory, the role of BIOS, and the function of hardware components including GPUs and hard drives. Overall, it serves as a foundational guide to understanding the essential elements of computer systems.

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Sourav Roy
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2 views

computer memory

The document provides an overview of computer memory and hardware, detailing the functions and differences between various types of memory such as RAM, ROM, and cache, as well as components like the CPU, motherboard, and power supply unit. It explains concepts like volatile vs non-volatile memory, the role of BIOS, and the function of hardware components including GPUs and hard drives. Overall, it serves as a foundational guide to understanding the essential elements of computer systems.

Uploaded by

Sourav Roy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER MEMORY NOTES (BCI)

1. What is computer memory?


o Answer: Computer memory is a device or component in a computer system that stores data and instructions for the CPU to process.
2. What is the primary function of RAM?
o Answer: RAM (Random Access Memory) temporarily stores data that is actively used or processed by the CPU.
3. What is the difference between volatile and non-volatile memory?
o Answer: Volatile memory requires power to store data (e.g., RAM), while non-volatile memory retains data even when the power is off (e.g.,
SSD, HDD).
4. What is an example of volatile memory?
o Answer: RAM (Random Access Memory) is an example of volatile memory.
5. What is an example of non-volatile memory?
o Answer: SSD (Solid State Drive) and HDD (Hard Disk Drive) are examples of non-volatile memory.
6. What does cache memory do?
o Answer: Cache memory stores frequently accessed data for quick access by the CPU, speeding up processing.
7. What is the main difference between an HDD and an SSD?
o Answer: HDD (Hard Disk Drive) uses spinning disks to read/write data, while SSD (Solid State Drive) uses flash memory and has no moving
parts, making it faster.
8. What happens to the data in RAM when the computer is turned off?
o Answer: Data in RAM is lost when the computer is powered off because RAM is volatile memory.
9. What is secondary memory in a computer?
o Answer: Secondary memory is long-term storage, such as HDDs, SSDs, and optical discs, that retains data even when the computer is turned
off.
10. What is virtual memory?
o Answer: Virtual memory is a memory management technique that uses part of the hard drive as extra RAM when physical RAM is full.
11. Why is cache memory faster than RAM?
o Answer: Cache memory is located closer to the CPU and is designed for high-speed data access, making it faster than RAM.
12. What is a register in computer memory?
o Answer: A register is a small, fast storage location inside the CPU used to hold data temporarily during processing.
13. What is the main difference between DRAM and SRAM?
o Answer: DRAM (Dynamic RAM) needs to be constantly refreshed to retain data, while SRAM (Static RAM) does not need refreshing and is
faster but more expensive.
14. What is the difference between RAM and ROM?
o Answer: RAM (Random Access Memory) is used for temporary data storage while the computer is running, whereas ROM (Read-Only
Memory) stores permanent instructions for the computer, such as the BIOS.
15. What is the role of the BIOS in computer memory?
o Answer: The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is stored in ROM and contains the essential instructions for starting up the computer and
performing basic functions.

COMPUTER HARDWARE
1. Q: What is computer Hardware?
A. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components that make up a computer system. These components work together to enable the
computer to function. Example – mouse, CPU, keyboard etc.
2. Q: What is a computer motherboard?
A: The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects all the components of the computer, such as the CPU, RAM, and storage devices.
3. Q: What is the function of the CPU?
A: The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions and processing data.
4. Q: What is RAM?
A: RAM (Random Access Memory) is temporary memory used by the computer to store data that is actively being used or processed.
5. Q: Q: What is a power supply unit (PSU)?
A: A PSU is responsible for converting electrical power from a wall outlet into the necessary power for the computer's components.
6. Q: What is a GPU?
A: A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is responsible for rendering images and videos, enabling the display of graphics on the monitor.
7. Q: What does BIOS stand for?
A: BIOS stands for Basic Input/Output System, which is firmware that initializes hardware during boot-up before the operating system loads.
8. Q: What is a cooling fan used for in a computer?
A: A cooling fan helps dissipate heat from components like the CPU and GPU, preventing overheating and ensuring optimal performance.
9. Q: What is a USB port?
A: A USB (Universal Serial Bus) port is used to connect various peripherals to a computer, such as keyboards, mice, and storage devices.
10. Q: What is the function of the hard drive in a computer?
A: The hard drive is used to store data, files, and the operating system permanently, even when the computer is powered off.
11. Q: What is an optical drive?
A: An optical drive is a device used to read or write data to optical discs like CDs, DVDs, and Blu-rays.
12. Q: Q: What is a sound card?
A: A sound card is a hardware component responsible for processing and producing audio signals for output to speakers or headphones.
13. Q: What is a computer bus?
A: A bus is a communication system that transfers data between various components of the computer, like the CPU, memory, and storage.
14. Q: What is a heat sink?
A: A heat sink is a device that absorbs and dissipates heat from components like the CPU or GPU to prevent them from overheating.
15. Q: What is a video card?
A: A video card (also called a graphics card) is responsible for generating and outputting images and video to a monitor or other display devices.

COMPUTER MEMORY UNIT

COMPUTER HARDWARE

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