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Lecture - 2

The document outlines theorems related to the continuity of various types of functions, including polynomial, rational, root, and trigonometric functions. It also introduces the concept of derivatives, defining the tangent line and providing examples of finding first and second derivatives. Additionally, it includes assignments for students to practice determining continuity and finding constants for continuous functions.

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nourwork565
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0 views

Lecture - 2

The document outlines theorems related to the continuity of various types of functions, including polynomial, rational, root, and trigonometric functions. It also introduces the concept of derivatives, defining the tangent line and providing examples of finding first and second derivatives. Additionally, it includes assignments for students to practice determining continuity and finding constants for continuous functions.

Uploaded by

nourwork565
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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• Theorem (1):

If and continuous at and , then the


following function are
also continuous at
• Notes:
1. Any polynomial function -
continuous everywhere in its domain where ,…, -
constants.
( )
2. Any rational function polynomial function on
( )
its domain
3. Any root function is continuous at every no. in its domain.
4. Any trigonometric function is continuous at every no. on its domain.

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 17


• Theorem (2) :
If - continuous at and

• Theorem (3):
If - continuous at i - continuous at

– continuous at
i.e.,

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 18


Example:
Where the following functions continuous:
i
Solu.
is polynomial function, it’s continuous
on its domain .

ii) .
Solu.

is rational function, it’s continuous on its


domain
i.e. this function continuous on
10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 19
iii) .
Solu.

is root function , it’s continuous on its domain

, is rational function, it’s continuous on its domain

Then the function is continuous on .

iv)
Solu.

is polynomial function , it’s continuous on its domain R


, is trigonometric function , it’s continuous on its domain R
is composite function, it’s continuous on its domain
continuous on R.

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 20


• Example:
Find the constant c that make continuous at

Solu.

From continuous conditions, we have:

Then,

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 21


• Assignment (2):
1- if , find the domain of
.

2- Find the constant c that make continuous at

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 22


Introduction to Derivatives:
• Definition of tangent line:
The tangent line to the curve at the point is
line through with slope provided that this
limit exist.
- If we let , then we have:

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 23


• Example:
If an object moves according to motion equation
, find the velocity after 3 seconds.
Solu.

=
If .

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 24


Derivatives as Function:
• Definition :
The derivative of a function at number denoted by is given
( )
by: , if this limit exist.
→
Notes:
(1) A function is differentiable at if exist.
(2) A function is differentiable on or or or
if it’s differentiable at every no. in this interval.
( )
(3) In equation (1) let a vary, then (derivative
→
of at ).

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 25


(4) we denote first derivative as
.

(5) we denote second derivative as


, where
and so on……. .

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 26


• Example:
Find first and second derivatives by using definition of derivatives for the following functions:
1-
Solu.
• To find the first derivatives, we apply the following steps:
•
•
( )
•
( )
• .
→ →
•
• To find the second derivatives, we apply the following steps:
•
•
( )
• .

•
→ →

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 27


2- .
Solu.
• To find the first derivatives, we apply the following steps:

( )( ) ( )( )
[ ]
( )( ) ( )( )
( )
( )( ) ( )( )
( )
( )( ) ( )( )
.
→ →

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 28


• To find the second derivatives, we apply the following steps:

= .

10/13/2024 Dr. Nagwa Ragab 29

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