Name: _______________________________________________

SECTION 1- Forces and motion

Past year questions

Date:

Time:

Total marks available:

Total marks achieved: ______

1
Questions
Q1.

Diagram 1 shows a set of masses attached to a spring, which is suspended from a support.

(a) After the masses are added, the length of the spring is 14.6 cm.
The student measures the extension of the spring as 11.5 cm.
(i) Calculate the original length of the spring.
(1)
original length = ........................................................... cm
(ii) The student removes the masses and notices that the spring does not show elastic behaviour.
Predict a value for the new length of the spring after the masses have been removed.
(1)
new length of spring = ........................................................... cm

(b) The student puts the masses back on the spring.

The student then pulls the masses down and releases them.
The masses vibrate up and down in a vertical direction, as shown in diagram 2.

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The distance–time graph shows how the distance between the top of the masses and the support
changes with time as the masses vibrate.

(i) Explain how the gradient of the graph shows that the masses accelerate as they vibrate.
(3)

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(ii) Add crosses ( ) to the distance-time graph to show all the times when the masses are not
moving.
(2)

(Total for question = 7 marks)

(QU08 4PH1/1PR, June 2023)

Q2.

Diagram 1 shows a gate fitted with a spring mechanism.

The spring mechanism shuts the gate automatically.

(a) The graph shows some data from an investigation into how the extension of the spring changes with
an increasing force.

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 Describe the relationship shown by the graph.
(2)
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(b) Diagram 2 shows the gate viewed from above.

The force the spring exerts on the gate is 480 N.

Show that the moment of the force the spring exerts on the gate is about 400 Nm.
(2)

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(c) The force, F, is the minimum force needed to start opening the gate.
Calculate the magnitude of force F.
(4)

force F = ........................................................... N

(d) The spring is removed for testing.

Explain what will happen to the spring if the force applied to extend the spring is too large.
(2)
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(Total for question = 10 marks)

(Q07 4PH1/2PR, June 2022)

Q3.

(a) A car accelerates along a level road.

The diagram shows some of the horizontal forces acting on the car as it accelerates.

(i) A driving force acts on the car, as shown in the diagram.

State the name of the other force shown in the diagram.
(1)

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 .............................................................................................................................................
(ii) State the formula linking unbalanced force, mass and acceleration.
(1)

(iii) The unbalanced force acting on the car is 2900 N.

The mass of the car is 1200 kg.
Calculate the acceleration of the car.
(2)

acceleration = ........................................................... m/s2

(b) The driver sees an obstacle in the road and applies the brakes.
The driver has a reaction time of 0.5 s. He applies the brakes for 2.5 s.
The graph shows how the velocity of the car changes from when the driver sees the obstacle until the
car stops.

(i) Describe how the thinking distance is affected by the condition of the car's brakes and the speed of
the car.
(2)
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 condition of brakes ..................................................................................................................

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speed of car ...........................................................................................................................

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(ii) Use the graph to calculate the braking distance.
(3)

braking distance = ........................................................... m

(Total for question = 9 marks)

(Q04 4SS0/1P, June 2021)

Q4.

A student does an experiment to determine the acceleration due to gravity, g.

The diagram shows the apparatus used.

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This is the student's method.

 connect both light gates to a data logger

 drop a steel ball from rest at the top of the transparent tube
 record the speed of the ball at each light gate
 record the time taken for the ball to fall from light gate A to light gate B

(a) The box shows the data recorded by the data logger.

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 (i) Show that the acceleration of the steel ball is approximately 9.6 m/s2 .
(2)

acceleration = ........................................................... m / s2
(ii) Explain why the student's value for the acceleration of the steel ball is lower than the accepted
value for the acceleration due to gravity, g.
(2)
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(iii) Calculate the distance between the light gates.
(3)

distance = ........................................................... m

(b) The student changes the distance between the light gates by varying the position of light gate B.
The student measures the time taken for the steel ball to fall from light gate A to light gate B when the
light gates are different distances apart.
The table shows the student's results.

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 (i) Plot a graph of the student's results on the grid.
(2)
(ii) Draw the curve of best fit.
(1)

(iii) Explain how the graph shows that the steel ball is accelerating as it falls.
(3)
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(Total for question = 13 marks)

(Q10 4PH1/1PR, Jan 2022)

Q5.

The diagram shows a truck using a rope to pull a car along a level road.

(a) The truck and car are travelling at a velocity of 14 m / s.

The truck and car then accelerate at 1.6 m / s2 until they are travelling at a velocity of 22 m / s.
(i) State the formula linking acceleration, change in velocity and time taken.
(1)

(ii) Calculate the time taken for the truck and car to accelerate from 14 m / s to 22 m / s.
(3)

time taken = ........................................................... s

(iii) State the formula linking unbalanced force, mass and acceleration.
(1)

(iv) The car has a mass of 1200 kg.

Calculate the unbalanced force acting on the car to produce an acceleration of 1.6 m / s2 .
Give your answer to two significant figures.
(3)

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 unbalanced force = ........................................................... N

(b) The rope breaks so the car and the truck are no longer connected.
The engine of the car is not working.
Explain what happens to the motion of the car after the rope breaks.
(2)
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(Total for question = 10 marks)

(Q02 4SS0/1P, Nov 2021)

Q6.

The graph shows how the thinking distance and the braking distance vary with the speed of a car.

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(a) Which of these does not affect thinking distance?
(1)
A alcohol consumed by the driver
B condition of the road
C speed of the car
D tiredness of the driver

(b) Which of these would increase the braking distance of the car?
(1)
A faster reaction time of driver
B ice on the road
C more powerful brakes
D tyres with more grip

(c) Determine the stopping distance of the car when the speed of the car is 20 m / s.
(3)

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 stopping distance = ........................................................... m

(d) (i) State the formula linking average speed, distance moved and time taken.
(1)

(ii) Determine the reaction time of the driver of the car.

(3)

reaction time = ........................................................... s

(e) Calculate the mean braking acceleration of the car as it brakes to a stop from an initial speed of 30 m
/ s.
(4)

acceleration = ........................................................... m / s2

(Total for question = 13 marks)

(Q05 4PH1/1P, Jan 2023)

Q7.

(a) A person throws an object vertically upwards.

The speed-time graph shows how the speed of the object varies from the time it is thrown until
reaching its maximum height.

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 (i) Calculate the acceleration of the object.
(3)

acceleration = ........................................................... m / s2
(ii) Calculate the distance the object travels to reach its maximum height.
(3)

distance = ........................................................... m

(b) A different object is dropped from rest and begins to fall.

The graph shows how the speed of this object varies with time.

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 (i) Give the name of the two forces acting on the object as it falls.
(2)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................

2 ..........................................................................................................................................
(ii) Draw arrows on the diagram to show the forces acting on the object at B.
(3)

(iii) Explain the shape of the graph from A to C.

You should use ideas about forces to help your answer.
(4)
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(Total for question = 15 marks)

(Q06 4PH1/1P, Jan 2022)

Q8.

A driver of a car sees an obstruction in the road ahead and must stop the car.

(a) (i) State the formula linking average speed, distance travelled and time taken.
(1)

(ii) A car travels at 21 m / s.

The driver's reaction time is 0.14 seconds.
Calculate the distance travelled by the car during the driver's reaction time.
(2)

distance = ........................................................... m

(b) The car experiences a braking force of 7600 N.

The car has a mass of 1200 kg.
(i) State the formula linking force, mass and acceleration.
(1)

(ii) Calculate the acceleration of the car.

(2)

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 acceleration = ........................................................... m / s2
(iii) Calculate the braking distance travelled as the speed of the car is reduced from 21 m/s to 0 m/s.
(3)

distance = ........................................................... m

(Total for question = 9 marks)

(Q05 4PH1/1P, Jan 2022)

Q9.

(a) A speed camera is positioned at the side of a road.

The camera measures the speed of a vehicle on the road to determine whether the vehicle is travelling
too fast.
The camera takes two photographs of the vehicle 0.25 s apart.
The photographs are used to measure the distance travelled by the vehicle during this time.
(i) State the formula linking average speed, distance moved and time taken.
(1)

(ii) In the time between the two photographs, the car travels a distance of 6.5 m.
Calculate the average speed of the car.
(2)

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 average speed = ........................................................... m/s
(iii) The speed limit of the road is 80 kilometres per hour.
Determine whether the car is exceeding the speed limit.
(2)

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(b) The velocity-time graph shows how the velocity of a lorry changes with time.

(i) Explain how the graph shows that the lorry has a constant acceleration.
(2)
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(ii) State the formula linking acceleration, change in velocity and time taken.
(1)

(iii) Calculate the acceleration of the lorry.

(3)

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 acceleration = ........................................................... m/s2

(Total for question = 11 marks)

(Q02 4PH1/1P, Jan 2021)

Q10.

The diagram shows a metal block on top of a wooden block.

The metal block is held stationary by force F.

(a) (i) The weight of the metal block acts through point G.
Give the name of point G.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................
(ii) Name a piece of apparatus that could be used to measure the weight of the metal block.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

(b) (i) State the formula linking moment, force and perpendicular distance from the pivot.
(1)

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 (ii) The weight of the metal block is 0.68 N.
Show that the moment of the weight of the metal block about point P is approximately 2.9 N cm.
(1)

(iii) Force F is applied to the metal block to stop it from moving.

Calculate the magnitude of force F.
(3)

force F = ........................................................... N

(Total for question = 7 marks)

(Q02 4PH1/2PR, Jan 2021)

Q11.

A student investigates how the extension of a spring varies when the mass attached to the spring is
changed.

(a) The diagram shows most of the equipment the student uses in the investigation.

Describe a method the student could use for the investigation.

Your description should include the measurements taken and how the student could obtain accurate
results.
(5)
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(b) The student calculates the force each mass applies to the spring.
The table shows the student's results.

(i) Plot the student's results.

(3)
(ii) Draw a circle around the anomalous point.
(1)
(iii) Draw a line of best fit.
(1)

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 (iv) Explain whether the spring obeys Hooke's Law.
(3)
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(Total for question = 13 marks)

(Q09 4PH1/1P, Jan 2022)

Q12.

A material is stretched by applying an increasing load. The material shows elastic behaviour as it is
stretched.
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(a) Describe what is meant by elastic behaviour.
(2)
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(b) The material obeys Hooke's law.

Sketch a graph for this material to show that it obeys Hooke's law as it is stretched.
You should label both axes with appropriate physical quantities.
(3)

(Total for question = 5 marks)

(Q01 4PH1/1P, Jan 2023)

Q13.

(a) Which of these is a device used to measure force?

(1)
A newton meter
B ruler
C thermometer
D voltmeter

(b) Airbags are safety devices used in cars to protect the driver if there is a crash.
(i) State the formula linking momentum, mass and velocity.
(1)
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 (ii) A person inside a car has a mass of 72 kg and a velocity of 13 m/s.
Show that the momentum of the person is about 900 kg m/s.
(1)

(iii) The person experiences a crash and comes to rest in 0.29 s.

Calculate the force on the person.
(2)

force = ........................................................... N
(iv) Which statement explains how airbags protect the driver?
(1)
A increase the force acting on the driver
B increase the time taken for the driver to stop
C increase the kinetic energy store of the driver
D increase the momentum of the driver

(Total for question = 6 marks)

(Q01 4PH1/2P, Jan 2022)

Q14.

Thrust SSC was the first land-based vehicle to travel faster than the speed of sound.

(a) Thrust SSC has a mass of 10 600 kg and uses two jet engines to produce a maximum accelerating

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force of 223 kN.
(i) State the formula linking unbalanced force, mass and acceleration.
(1)

(ii) Show that the maximum acceleration of Thrust SSC is approximately 20 m/s2.
(3)

(b) The speed of sound in air is 330 m/s.

Calculate the minimum time taken for Thrust SSC to reach the speed of sound if it starts from rest.
(3)

minimum time = ........................................................... s

(Total for question = 7 marks)

(Q07 4SS0/1P, June 2022)

Q15.

The diagram shows a child on a zip-line ride.

During the ride the child slides along a metal wire with the velocity in the direction shown in the diagram.

The diagram also shows the tension force acting on the safety harness the child is wearing.

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(a) Force and velocity are examples of vector quantities.
State what is meant by the term vector quantity.
(1)
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.............................................................................................................................................

(b) Draw labelled arrows on the diagram to show two other forces that act on the child.
(4)

(Total for question = 5 marks)

(Q06 4PH1/1P, June 2022)

Q16.

Cricket is a sport played with bats and balls.

(a) (i) A cricket player hits a ball with a bat. Before the ball is hit, it is moving to the left with a momentum
of 4.2 kg m/s.
The bat is in contact with the ball for 0.012 s.
After the ball is hit, it moves to the right with a momentum of 6.7 kg m/s.
Calculate the mean force the bat exerts on the ball and state the direction of the force.
(3)

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 mean force = ........................................................... N

direction = ...........................................................
(ii) State the magnitude and direction of the mean force the ball exerts on the bat.
(1)
magnitude of mean force = ........................................................... N

direction of force ...........................................................

(b) The cricket player wears padded protective equipment.

This protective equipment reduces the risk of injury to the player if they are struck by the cricket ball.
Explain how this protective equipment reduces the risk of injury to the player.
Use ideas about momentum in your answer.
(3)
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(Total for question = 7 marks)

(Q02 4PH1/2PR, Jan 2022)

Q17.

Diagram 1 shows a wooden plank balanced horizontally on two supports, A and B.

A block is suspended from the plank between the supports by a cable of negligible weight.

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(a) The weight of the block is 260 N.
(i) State the formula linking moment, force and perpendicular distance from the pivot.
(1)

(ii) By taking moments about support A, calculate force F.

Assume the weight of the plank is negligible.
(3)

force F = ........................................................... N
(iii) Explain what will happen to the magnitude of force F if the block is moved towards support B.
(3)
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(b) Diagram 2 shows the block and the cable connecting the block to the plank.
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 Diagram 2
(i) The centre of gravity of the block is located at point X.
Draw an arrow on diagram 2 to show the weight of the block.
(2)
(ii) The block also experiences a force due to the tension in the cable.
Explain why the block remains stationary when it is supported by this tension force.
(2)
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 (iii) Explain why the forces acting on the block are not an example of Newton's third law of motion.
(2)
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(Total for question = 13 marks)

(Q05 4PH1/2P, Jan 2023)

Q18.

This question is about moments.

Diagram 1 shows the raised lower leg of a person.

(a) (i) The moment of the weight of the lower leg about the pivot is 19 N m.
A vertical force, F, is applied to the person's foot to keep the lower leg raised.
The lower leg does not move.
Calculate the magnitude of force F, using the formula
moment = force × perpendicular distance from pivot

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 (2)

force F = ........................................................... N
(ii) Which distance is used to calculate the moment of the weight of the lower leg about the pivot?
(1)
A 0.25 m
B 0.28 m
C 0.30 m
D 0.55 m

(b) Diagram 2 shows the person resting their lower leg on two supports.

(i) The centre of gravity of the lower leg is 0.25 m away from support A and 0.35 m away from support
B.
Explain whether force X or force Y is larger.
Ignore the weight of the upper leg.
(3)
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(ii) A bag of ice is placed on the lower leg, vertically above the centre of gravity.
This causes force X and force Y to increase.
The bag is then moved towards the person's foot.
Describe how force X and force Y change as the bag is moved towards the person's foot.
(3)
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(Total for question = 9 marks)

(Q02 4PH1/2P, Nov 2023)

Q19.

This question is about momentum.

(a) Which of these is the correct unit for momentum?

(1)
A kg / m / s
B kg2 m / s
C kg m / s2
D kg m / s

(b) The diagram shows an object before and after an explosion.

The object breaks into two parts, P and Q.

The parts move away from each other in opposite directions.

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(i) State what is meant by the principle of conservation of momentum.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(ii) Calculate the magnitude of the velocity of part P after the explosion.
(3)

velocity = ........................................................... m / s

(c) A child drops an egg from a height of 10 cm and the egg lands on the floor.

Explain why the egg is less likely to break if the floor is covered with a thick carpet than if the floor were
covered in hard tiles.
(3)
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 (Total for question = 8 marks)

(Q02 4PH1/2P, June 2022)

Q20.

This question is about momentum and forces.

(a) State the principle of conservation of momentum.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

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(b) The diagram shows an air track that can be used to investigate motion without friction.
Air comes out through a series of small holes in the air track. The air lifts the glider slightly above the
track.
A small spacecraft engine floats at rest on a cushion of air.

(i) State the momentum of the spacecraft engine when it is at rest.

(1)
momentum = ........................................................... kg m / s
(ii) The spacecraft engine ejects large numbers of xenon ions to the left.
A mass of 2.6 × 10−8 kg of xenon ions leaves the engine with a mean speed of 26 km / s.
Calculate the momentum of all the ejected xenon ions.
(3)

momentum = ........................................................... kg m / s
(iii) State the magnitude and direction of the spacecraft engine's momentum after these xenon ions
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 leave the engine.
(2)
magnitude of momentum = ........................................................... kg m / s

direction of momentum = ...........................................................

(iv) The ions exert a force of 2.6 mN on the spacecraft engine.
The spacecraft engine has a mass of 1.2 kg.
Calculate the acceleration of the engine.
Give your answer to 2 significant figures.
(4)

acceleration = ........................................................... m / s2

(c) The engine is designed to accelerate a spacecraft while the spacecraft is travelling through space.
The spacecraft carries a mass of 0.75 kg of xenon ions for the engine.
When the engine is used, 9.9 × 10−8 kg of xenon ions leave the engine each second.
A student suggests that this small spacecraft engine would not be useful because the acceleration it
produces is very small.
Evaluate the student's suggestion.
(2)
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(Total for question = 13 marks)

(Q06 4PH1/2P, Nov 2023)

Q21.

The diagram shows two birds, just before bird X catches the smaller bird Y.

Both birds are travelling horizontally at constant velocity.

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(a) Show that the momentum of bird X is about 5 kg m / s.
(2)

(b) The momentum of bird Y just before it is caught is 0.15 kg m / s.

Calculate the total momentum of the birds just before bird X catches bird Y.
(1)

momentum = ........................................................... kg m/s

(c) State the total momentum of the birds just after bird X has caught bird Y.
(1)

momentum = ........................................................... kg m/s

(d) Bird Y has a mass of 0.17 kg.

Calculate the velocity of the birds just after bird X has caught bird Y.
(3)

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 velocity = ........................................................... m/s

(Total for question = 7 marks)

(Q04 4PH1/2P, June 2023)

Q22.

The diagram shows a child's toy for accelerating steel balls.

This is how the toy works.

 the toy uses three identical steel balls, each with a mass of 4.1 g
 ball A moves towards the magnet
 ball B is in contact with the magnet
 balls B and C are initially at rest and are in contact with each other
 when ball A collides with the magnet, ball C moves away from the magnet

(a) Ball A moves towards the magnet with an initial velocity of 0.15 m/s.
Calculate the initial momentum of ball A.
(2)

initial momentum = ........................................................... kg m/s

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(b) Ball A is attracted to the magnet.

Explain how this attraction affects the momentum of ball A as it approaches the magnet.
(2)
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(c) When ball A collides with the magnet, a force of 1.3 N is exerted on ball C for a time of 0.0025 s.

This causes ball C to move away from the magnet.

Calculate the change in velocity of ball C due to this force.

(3)

change in velocity = ........................................................... m/s

(Total for question = 7 marks)

(Q07 4PH1/2P, Jan 2021)

Q23.

The photograph shows a dummy during a test of the safety features of a car in a collision.

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Before the collision, the dummy in the car is travelling at a velocity of 14 m / s.

The dummy has a momentum of 1100 kg m / s.

(a) (i) State the formula linking momentum, mass and velocity.
(1)

(ii) Show that the mass of the dummy is approximately 80 kg.

(3)

(b) The dummy is brought to rest during the collision by a mean force of 15 kN.
Calculate the time taken for the dummy to be brought to rest in the collision.
(3)

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 time taken = ........................................................... s

(c) The car being tested is fitted with airbags.

Using ideas about momentum, explain how an airbag reduces the force experienced by the dummy in
the collision.
(2)
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(Total for question = 9 marks)

(Q04 4PH1/2PR, June 2023)

Q24.

(a) The boxes show some physical quantities and their units.
Draw a straight line from each physical quantity to its correct unit.
One has been done for you.
(3)

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(b) Some physical quantities are scalars and other physical quantities are vectors.
(i) State the difference between a scalar quantity and a vector quantity.
(1)
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(ii) Give an example of a scalar quantity.
(1)
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(Total for question = 5 marks)

(Q01 4PH1/2PR, June 2023)

Q25.

This question is about scalar quantities and vector quantities.

(a) Give a similarity and a difference for scalar quantities and vector quantities.
(2)
similarity
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 difference
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(b) The box gives some physical quantities.

Draw a circle around each physical quantity that is a scalar.
(3)

(c) The diagram shows four forces acting on an object.

Calculate the size and direction of the resultant force.
(2)

resultant force = ........................................................... N

direction = ...........................................................

(Total for question = 7 marks)

(Q04 4PH1/1PR, Jan 2022)

Q26.

A car is moving at a speed of 21 m/s. The driver of the car sees a hazard in the road and applies the
brakes.

(a) (i) Calculate the thinking distance if the driver of the car has a reaction time of 0.34 s.
(3)
44
 thinking distance = ........................................................... m
(ii) The braking distance of the car is 8.2 m.
Calculate the stopping distance of the car.
(2)

stopping distance = ........................................................... m

(b) (i) State the formula linking force, mass and acceleration.
(1)

(ii) The car has a mass of 780 kg and a braking force of 21 000 N.
Calculate the acceleration of the car due to the braking force.
(3)

acceleration = ........................................................... m/s2

(Total for question = 9 marks)

(Q02 4SS0/1P, June 2023)

Q27.

A crumple zone is a safety feature in a car.

It is a part of the car that is designed to collapse during a collision.

45
A student investigates the effectiveness of crumple zones.

The student rolls two model cars down a ramp.

Each car comes to rest when it hits a large metal block.

A data logger measures the mean force applied to the car during the collision with the block.

The diagram shows the equipment used in the investigation.

Car 1 has a paper crumple zone at the front.

Car 2 has no paper crumple zone.

The table shows the student's results.

(a) The mass of each car is 0.074 kg.

Calculate the time taken for the velocity of car 1 to decrease from 3.0 m/s to 0.0 m/s.
(3)

time taken = ........................................................... s

(b) State the magnitude and direction of the force on the metal block, when car 2 collides with the block.
(2)
magnitude = ........................................................... N

direction = ...........................................................

(c) Explain why the mean force from the block on car 1 is smaller than the mean force on car 2.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

46
 .............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 7 marks)

(Q07 4PH1/2PR, Jan 2023)

Q28.

A pencil has a weight of 0.16 N.

(a) What is the mass of the pencil?

(1)
A 1.6 g
B 16 g
C 160 g
D 1600 g

(b) The diagram shows the pencil with one end resting on a small block.

A finger provides an upwards force, F, to keep the pencil horizontal.

(i) The weight of the pencil is 0.16 N.
Calculate the moment of the weight of the pencil about the pivot.
Use the formula
moment = force × perpendicular distance from the pivot
(2)

moment = ........................................................... N cm
(ii) State the moment of the force F.
(1)
moment = ........................................................... N cm
(iii) Show that force F is 0.080 N.
(2)
47
 (Total for question = 6 marks)

(Q01 4PH1/2P, June 2023)

Q29.

The photograph shows a whale jumping out of the surface of the sea.

(a) At the top of the jump, the whale's velocity is 0 m/s.

The whale falls 2.2 m from the top of the jump to the surface of the sea.
Calculate the velocity of the whale when it hits the surface of the sea.
(4)

velocity = ........................................................... m/s

(b) A resultant force causes the whale to slow down when it hits the surface of the sea.
(i) Draw an arrow to show this resultant force.
(1)

48
 (ii) The resultant force acting on the whale is 18 000 N.
The mass of the whale is 4100 kg.
Calculate the acceleration of the whale.
(3)

acceleration = ........................................................... m/s2

(Total for question = 8 marks)

(Q09 4PH1/1P, June 2021)

Mark Scheme
Q1.

49
 (QU08 4PH1/1PR, June 2023)

Q2.

50
 (Q07 4PH1/2PR, June 2022)

Q3.

51
 (Q04 4SS0/1P, June 2021)

Q4.

52
53
 (Q10 4PH1/1PR, Jan 2022)

Q5.

(Q02 4SS0/1P, Nov 2021)

Q6.

54
55
 (Q05 4PH1/1P, Jan 2023)

Q7.
56
57
 (Q06 4PH1/1P, Jan 2022)

Q8.

(Q05 4PH1/1P, Jan 2022)

Q9.

58
 (Q02 4PH1/1P, Jan 2021)

Q10.

59
 (Q02 4PH1/2PR, Jan 2021)

Q11.

60
 (Q09 4PH1/1P, Jan 2022)

Q12.

61
 (Q01 4PH1/1P, Jan 2023)

Q13.

62
 (Q01 4PH1/2P, Jan 2022)

Q14.

63
 (Q07 4SS0/1P, June 2022)

Q15.

64
 (Q06 4PH1/1P, June 2022)

Q16.

65
 (Q02 4PH1/2PR, Jan 2022)

Q17.

66
67
 (Q05 4PH1/2P, Jan 2023)

Q18.

68
 Total for Question = 9 marks

(Q02 4PH1/2P, Nov 2023)

Q19.

69
70
 (Q02 4PH1/2P, June 2022)

Q20.

71
Total for Question = 13 marks

(Q06 4PH1/2P, Nov 2023)

72
Q21.

(Q04 4PH1/2P, June 2023)

Q22.

73
 (Q07 4PH1/2P, Jan 2021)

Q23.

74
 (Q04 4PH1/2PR, June 2023)

Q24.

75
 (Q01 4PH1/2PR, June 2023)

Q25.

76
 (Q04 4PH1/1PR, Jan 2022)

Q26.

(Q02 4SS0/1P, June 2023)

Q27.

77
 (Q07 4PH1/2PR, Jan 2023)

Q28.

78
 (Q01 4PH1/2P, June 2023)

Q29.

79
(Q09 4PH1/1P, June 2021)

80