Mathematics po Measuring Time Using 12-Hour and 24-Hour ClockseR What’s In Recall the units of time conversion. Units of Time Conversion Table 1 millennium ~ 10 centuries 1 century = 10 decades 1 decade = 10 years 1 year = 12 months 1 month = 4 weeks 1 week = 7 day 1 day = 24 hours 1 hour = 60 minutes 1 minute = 60 seconds Alfted wants to be on time. He is working from home. The table shows his morning routine and time spent for each task. If Alfred starts his work at 7: 30 a.m. What time should he wake up to be able to do all activities in his morning routine before starting his work? What is the allocated period of time or scheduled time for each morning routine? Morning Routine Time Needed Scheduled Time Prayer 5 minutes Cleaning of Bed 10 minutes Breakfast 25 minutes| Bath 20 minutes Dressing up 30 minutes Work 8 hours 7:30 a.m, to 3:30 p.m.Ww What’s New What time should Alfred wake up? What is the total time needed for his morning routine? Add the time spent for each task before work: 5 +10 +25 +20 + 30-90 minutes ‘Therefore, Alfred needs 90 minutes for his morning routine before work. Use ratio and proportion to convert 90 minutes to hours: 1 hour: 60 minutes = n hours: 90 minutes ers 0 90 60n= 90 30 nO n= 1,5 hours or 1 hour and 30 minutes 90 minutes is equal to 1 hour and 30 minutes. Subtract 1 hour and 30 minutes from 7:30 AM: hour: minutes 7:30 am, 1:30 5:00 a.m. ‘Thus, Alfted should wake up at 6:00 a.m, to have enough time for his morning routine and be ready for work on time. Be familiar with the following terms that are used in telling time. 1. Midnight: 12:00 a.m 2. Quarter % hour ~ 15 minutes 3. Half = % hour = 30 minutes 4. 20 minutes after 9 in the morning: add 20 minutes to the current time 9:00 am, 5. 5 minutes before 12 noon: subtract 5 minutes from the current time 12:00 p.m. 6. 10 minutes past 12 midnight: add 10 minutes to the current time 12:00 a.m. 7. Quarter to 2 in the afternoon: means before; subtract 15 minutes from the current time 2:00 p.m,Example 1, What will be the time 3 hours and 10 minutes after 4:20 p.m.? Solution: Add 3 hours to 4:20 pm. That is, 3:00 + 4:20 = 7:20 p.m. Add 10 minutes to 7:20 p.m, That is, 00:10 + 7:20 p.m. 7:30 p.m, ‘The answer is 7:30 p.m 2. What time is 40 minutes past 3:30 p.m.? Solution: Add 40 minutes to 30 minutes. The answer is 70 minutes. Since 60 minutes is equal to 1 hour, rewrite 70 minutes as 60 minutes + 10 minutes. Then, add 1 to 3 for hours and annex the 10 minutes. Thus 60 minutes + 10 minutes 70 minutes = 1 hour + 10 minutes 1:10 + 3:00 = 4:10 p.m. ‘The answer is 4:10 p.m. 3. What time is 1 hour and 20 minutes before 8:00 a.m.? Solution: Subtract 1 hour and 20 minutes from 8:00 a.m. Since 60 minutes is equal to 1 hour, rewrite 8:00 as 7 hours: 60 minutes, Subtract 1 from 7 and 20 from 60 minutes, thus, 8:00 = 7: 60 Subtract: 7 6 and 60 - 20 = 40 minutes. ‘The answer is 6:40 a.m. Activity: Directions: Identify the time indicated. 2 hours and 15 minutes before 4:35 p.m. 10 minutes to midnight Quarter after 8:55 am. 1 hour and 45 minutes after 9:00 a.m, Half past 6 in the evening—p What Is It You can tell time in 12-hour or 24-hour format. The table below shows correspondence between the 12-hour clock and 24-hour clock. 12-hour Clock. 24-hour Clock 12:00 midnight 00:00 H 12:01 a.m. - 11:59 am, 00:01 H - 11:59 H 12: 00 noon - 11:59 p.m. 12:00 H - 23:59 H ‘The 12-hour and 24-hour clocks are both written in the format: Hours: Minutes ‘The 12-hour clock uses the abbreviations a.m. and p.m, after the time. ‘The 24-hour clock does not have a.m. and p.m.. It uses H for hours. 1:00 p.m. becomes 13:00 in 24-hour clock «\ Examples: 9:05 a.m. is 9:05 H 9:05 p.m. is 21:05 H 7:27 a.m. is 7:27 H 7:27 p.m, is 19:27 H 12:10 a.m. is 00:10 H 12:10 p.m. is 12:10 H For the 12-hour clock, a.m, and p.m. are placed to tell if the time is in the morning or afternoon. Ante meridiem (a.m., A.M., AM) means this time is from midnight until morning before noon, that is, 12:00 a.m. to 11:59 a.m. Post meridiem (p.m., P.M., PM) means this time is the afternoon before midnight, that is, 12:01 noon to 11:59 p.m. The 12-hour clock runs from 12 midnight (12:00 a.m.) to 11:59 a.m. and then from 12 noon (12:00 p.m.) to 11:59 p.m. ‘The 24-hour clock; is often called military clock or military time. It starts at 00:00 which is midnight, until 23:59 (11:59 pm. It does not require a.m. and p.m. to be written alter the time. Instead, H or hours is placed to indicate the use of the 24-hour clock format. The 24-hour notation without H is also accepted.Changing 12-hour clock (a.m./p.m.) to 24-hour clock 1, Add 12 to any hour after noon (1:00 p.m. to 11:59 p.m.) Example: Change the following in 24-hour time format. a. 4:45 p.m. b. 11:30 pam, Solution: a. Add 12 to 4:45 p.m. 4:15 + 12 = 16:45 ‘The 24-hour time format of 45 p.m. is 16:45H. b, Add 12 tol 11:30 + 12 ‘The 24-hour notation of 11:30 p.m. is 23:30H 2. Subtract 12 for the first hours of the day (12 midnight to 12:59 a.m.) Example: Change the following to the 24-hour time format. a, 12:35 am, b. 12 midnight Solution: a. Subtract 12 from 12:35 a.m. 12:35 ~ 12 = 0: ‘The 24-hour time format of 12:35 a.m. is 0:35 H. b, Subtract 12 from 12 midnight. 12:00 - 12 = 0:00 ‘The 24- hour notation of 12 midnight is = 0:00 H. 8. Retain hours: minutes format and use H instead of a.m. from 1:00 a.m. to 11:59 a.m. Example: Change 11:30 a.m. in 24-hour time format. Answer: 11:30 HChanging 24-hour clock to 12-hour clock The following simple steps will help you change a 24-hour time to a 12-hour time with ‘a.m.’ and 'p.m. + If the hour is exactly 12, simply annex p.m. to the time + Ifthe hour is 00, change it to 12 and annex a.m. to the time, + If the hour is greater than 12, simply subtract 12 from the hour and annex p.m. to the time. + If the hour is less than 12, simply annex a.m, to the time and take away any leading zeros. Note: The minutes and seconds never change when changing between 24 hour and 12-hour times. Examples 1, Change 14:36 to 12-hour format. Solution: Subtract 12 from 14 and annex p.m. to the time, thus 14:36 - 12 = 2:36 p.m. 2. Change 00:45 to 12-hour format. Solution: Change 00 to 12 and annex a.m. to the time, thus 00:45 = 245 a.m. 3. Change 20:36 to 12-hour format. Solution: Subtract 12 from 20 and annex p.m. to the time, thus 20:36 ~ 12 ~ 8:36 p.m. 4. Change 02:12 to 12-hour format. Solution: Simply annex a.m. to the time and take away the zero before the hour 2. 02:12 = 2:12 am. Activity: Filling Me- Up Directions: Fill in the correct time in each blank. Write your answer on a separate answer sheet. Number| 12-hour | 24hour |Number| 12-hour | 24-hour ie 9 p.m. 3. 18:45 H 2) 14240 4, | 705 am.aa What’s More Activity 1: Change Me Directions: Change the 24-hour clock times to 12-hour clock times 12-hour clock | 24-hour clock | 12-hour clock | 24-hour clock 04:25 H 16:25 H 09:20 H 21:20 02:55 H 14:55 H Activity 2: Change Me More Directions: Change the 12-hour clock times to 24-hour clock times. 12-hour clock | 24-hour clock | 12-hour clock | 24-hour clock 4:25 a.m, 4:25 p.m. 9:20 a.m, 9:20 pan. 2:55 a.m 2:55 pam. Activity 3. Fill Me More Directions: Express the following times in 12-hour and 24-hour clock formats. 12-hour | 24-hour Tine clock | “clock 10 minutes pasi 05:00H 30 minutes to 7:00 p.m. Noon quarter after 4:00 a.m. T hour and 10 minutes before 8:45 p.m.o What I Have Learned Activity: Modified True or False Directions: Write True if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, change the underlined word(s) to make it correct L 2 3. 4 5. Quarter means ¥4 an hour. Ante Meridiem (a.m.) means the time is before 12 midnight and after 12 noon. Post Meridiem (p.m.] means the time is after 12 noon and before 12 midnight. 12-hour clock were used by soldiers. “Before” in “S minutes before 1 PM" means you have to add from the current time, 20 WhatICanDo To Directions: Tell the time. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet. 1. Tam between 15:00H and quarter past 3 in the afternoon. What time am P A. 3:05 a.m, B. 3:45 a.m. C.3:05 pm. D. 3:45 pam. 2. My hour will not change in the next 20 minutes. What time am I? A. 12:35 Bo 1:45 C. 11:50 D. 2:40 3. Tam quarter to 10 in the evening, What time am I? A. 9:45 a.m. B.10:15am. C.10:15pm, OD. 9:45 p.m. 4. Lam half past 8 in the morning, What time am I? A. 7:30 a.m, B 8:30 a.m. C. 7:30 p.m. D. 8:30 p.m. 5. My time corresponds to midnight. What time am [? A. 0:00 B. 0:05 ©. 11:59 D. 12:00Assessment Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. 1. How many hours are there in 2 days? A. 24 B.36 C44 D.48 2. What time is 2 hours and 30 minutes after 8:00 in the evening? A. 10:30 p.m. B.10:30 H C.10:30a.m. —_D. 10:30 3. Office hours usually starts at 8 a.m. What is this time in a 12-hour format? A. 8:00 a.m. B. 08:00 H C. 20:00 pm. —_D. 20:00 H 4. How many hours are there in 3 days? A.36 B.48 c.72 D. 60 5. What is 15 minutes to 2:00 in the afternoon in 24-hour format? Al445 p.m, B. 14:45am. C. 14:45 D. 13: 45H 6. What is 12:00 midnight in military time? A. 00.00 H B.00.00 pm. C.00.00am. —D. 00.00 mn. 7. How will you write 10:45 p.m. in 24-hour format? A. 22:45 H B. 20:45 H C. 10:45 p.m. D. 10:45 a.m. B. 8. What is 75 seconds when expressed in minutes and seconds? A. 75 minutes C. 1 minute and 20 seconds C. 1 minute and 25 seconds D. 1 minute and 15 seconds D. 9. How will you express 08:40 hours military time in 12-hour time? A. 6:40 p.m. B. 8:40 a.m. C. 8:40 p.m, D. 8:40 H 10. Classes of elementary pupils end at 4:00 p.m. Whaat is this time in 24-hour format? A. 04:00 H B.04:00 p.m. —C. 16:00 H D. 16: 00 p.m.Additional Activities Directions: Change the 12-hour clock times in 24-hour clock format. 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