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Resolution-of-a-Force-into-a-Force-and-Couple

The document discusses the concept of resolving a force into an equivalent force and a couple, explaining how a force acting at one point can be replaced by an equal force at another point along with a couple. It provides illustrative problems and solutions to demonstrate the process of finding equivalent forces and moments. Additionally, it includes exercises for further practice on the topic.

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Rhona Jude Villareal
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© © All Rights Reserved
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51 views6 pages

Resolution-of-a-Force-into-a-Force-and-Couple

The document discusses the concept of resolving a force into an equivalent force and a couple, explaining how a force acting at one point can be replaced by an equal force at another point along with a couple. It provides illustrative problems and solutions to demonstrate the process of finding equivalent forces and moments. Additionally, it includes exercises for further practice on the topic.

Uploaded by

Rhona Jude Villareal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3.7 Resolution of a Force into a Force and a Couple

It sometimes becomes necessary to replace a force acting at a given point


by an equal force acting through some other point. This introduces a couple.

From the figure, let a known force F be acting through A. By adding two
collinear forces F’ and F” at B equal and parallel to force at A, the original effect of
F is unchanged. The forces F’ and F” form a couple having the moment arm d.

(a) (b)

Since the moment of a couple is independent of its moment center, it is


convenient to represent this couple by 𝐶 = 𝐹. 𝑑
In Figure 2.8.1. 𝐹′ and 𝐹" having been eliminated, there remains only 𝐹′
which acts at B. The original force at A has therefore been replaced by an equal
force acting at B plus a couple C having the magnitude 𝐹𝑑.

𝑀𝐴 = 𝐹. 𝑑

Illustrative Problems:
1. A force system consists of a clockwise couple of 480 lb-ft plus a 240 lb force
directed up to the right through the origin of X and Y axes at Ɵ𝑋 = 30𝑂 .
Replace the given system by an equivalent single force and compute the
intercepts of its line of action with the X and Y axes.

College of Engineering and Architecture|Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges


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Solution:

To replace the given system by an equivalent single force, it is suggested to


relate the solution to Figure 2.8.1, hence, the system is equivalent as follows:

To solve for the distance 𝑑 between the couple;

From 𝐶 = 𝐹. 𝑑
480 = 240 (𝑑)
𝑑 = 2 𝑓𝑡

Therefore, the single equivalent force is given below. To compute the


intercepts of its line of action with the X and Y axes.

𝐹𝑋 = 𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑠 Ɵ = 240 cos 30𝑂 = 207.85 𝑙𝑏


𝐹𝑦 = 𝐹𝑠𝑖𝑛 Ɵ = 240 sin 30𝑂 = 120 𝑙𝑏

Find for 𝑖𝑦 ; ↻ 𝑀𝑂 = 𝐹𝑥 (𝑖𝑦 ) + 𝐹𝑦 (0)


480 = 207.85 (𝑖𝑦 )
𝑖𝑦 = 2.31 𝑓𝑡 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑂

Find for 𝑖𝑥 ; ↻ 𝑀𝑂 = 𝐹𝑥 (0) + 𝐹𝑦 (𝑖𝑥 )


480 = 120 (𝑖𝑥 )
𝑖𝑥 = 4 𝑓𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑂

College of Engineering and Architecture|Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges


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2. Replace the system of forces acting on the frame in the figure by a resultant
𝑅 at A and a couple acting horizontally through B and C.

Solution:
To find the resultant 𝑅 of the given system of forces we use the equation;

↑ 𝑅 = 𝛴𝐹 = −20 + 30 − 60 = −50 𝑘𝑁
𝑅 = 50 𝑘𝑁 (𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑)
Taking the moment at point A
↻ 𝑀𝐴 = −20(1) + 60(4) = 220 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝑀𝐴 = 220 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 (𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒)
Equivalent couple acting horizontally through B and C:
𝐶 = 𝐹. 𝑑
220 = 𝐹 (2)
𝐹 = 110 𝑘𝑁 each at B and C

Location of 𝑅 measured from point A

𝑅. 𝑑𝐴 = 𝛴𝑀𝐴
(50)𝑑𝐴 = 220
𝑑𝐴 = 4.4 𝑚 (𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝐴)

College of Engineering and Architecture|Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges


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3. Replace the system of forces shown by an equivalent force through O and a
couple acting through A and B. Solve if the forces of the couple are (a)
horizontal and (b) vertical.

Solution:
To replace the system of forces given by an equivalent force through O is to
determine its resultant using the formula;

𝑅 = √(𝛴𝐹𝑥)2 + (𝛴𝐹𝑦)2

Solve the components of each force;


1
𝐹𝑥 = (141.4) = 99.98 𝑙𝑏 (𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡)
√2
1
𝐹𝑦 = (141.4) = 99.98 𝑙𝑏 (𝑢𝑝)
√2
2
𝑃𝑥 = (361) = 200.25 𝑙𝑏 (𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡)
√13
3
𝑃𝑦 = (361) = 300.37 𝑙𝑏 (𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛)
√13
2
𝑄𝑥 = (224) = 200.35 𝑙𝑏 (𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡)
√5
1
𝑄𝑦 = (224) = 100.18 𝑙𝑏 (𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛)
√5

→ 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 𝐹𝑥 + 𝑄𝑥 − 𝑃𝑥 = 99.98 + 200.35 − 200.35 = 99.98 𝑙𝑏 (𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡)


↑ 𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 𝐹𝑦 − 𝑄𝑦 − 𝑃𝑦 = 99.98 − 100.18 − 300.37 = 300.57 𝑙𝑏 (𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛)

𝑅 = √(99.98)2 + (300.57)2 = 316. 76 𝑙𝑏 (𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡)

Solve for the moment of the forces about O

↻ 𝛴𝑀𝑂 = 99.98(1) + 100.18 (3) − 200.25(1) − 300.37(1)

𝑀𝑂 = 100.1 𝑙𝑏. 𝑓𝑡 (𝐶𝐶𝑊)

Angle Ɵ𝑥 of the resultant,


𝛴𝐹𝑦 300.57
tan Ɵ𝑥 = =
𝛴𝐹𝑥 99.98
𝑂
Ɵ𝑥 = 71.6

College of Engineering and Architecture|Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges


3 Equivalent couple acting through A and B

a) Horizontal b) Vertical
𝐶 = 𝐹. 𝑑 @ 𝐶 = 𝐹. 𝑑
100.1 = 𝐹(3) 100.1 = 𝐹(4)
𝐹 = 33.67 𝑙𝑏 𝐹 = 25.025 𝑙𝑏

References:
➢ Beer, F. P., Johnston, E. R., Mazurek, D. F., Cornwell, P. J., Self, B. P. (2018).
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics. United Kingdom:
McGraw-Hill Education
➢ Goodno, B. J., Gere, J. (2018). Statics and Mechanics of Materials. United
States: Cengage Learning
➢ Singer, F. L. (1975). Engineering Mechanics. United Kingdom: Harper & Row

College of Engineering and Architecture|Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges


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EXERCISE No. 8

Name: _____________________________________ Course/Year: ___________


Instructor: __________________________________ Rating: ________________

Instruction: Answer the following problems.

PROBLEMS:
1. Resolve the force shown below to a force and a couple acting at point A.

2. A system of forces reduces to a downward vertical force of 400 lb through A


plus a counterclockwise couple of 800 lb-ft. Determine the single force that
will produce an equivalent effect.

College of Engineering and Architecture|Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges

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