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The lab report focuses on the study of diode clipping and clamping circuits, detailing the behavior of various clipper and clamper circuits. It includes theoretical explanations, experimental procedures, and observations made using an oscilloscope. The report concludes with the design and simulation of these circuits, showcasing their outputs and characteristics.

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15 views17 pages

devices-lab-ex-3-1

The lab report focuses on the study of diode clipping and clamping circuits, detailing the behavior of various clipper and clamper circuits. It includes theoretical explanations, experimental procedures, and observations made using an oscilloscope. The report concludes with the design and simulation of these circuits, showcasing their outputs and characteristics.

Uploaded by

boss.rimon4202
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY–BANGLADESH (AIUB)

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

Department of EEE
Fall 24-25

ELECTRONIC DEVICES LAB


Section: Z
LAB REPORT ON:

Study of Diode Clipping and Clamping Circuits.

Name ID

Date of Submission: 11th November,2024

Department of EEE, American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) Page 1 of 17


Abstract:
The purpose of this experiment is to study the behavior of different types of clipper and clamper
circuits. The behavior of biased series positive and negative clipper circuits are studied in this
experiment along with biased parallel positive and negative circuits.
Introduction:
The purpose of this experiment is to observe the characteristics of different types of diode circuits:

1. clipper circuits
2. clamper circuits

Theory:
Clippers:
In electronics, clipper circuits clip or cuts away part of the input ac signal such that the remaining
part of the signal is not distorted or changed. Clipper circuits may seem similar to bridge
rectifiers, at least the unbiased circuits, but the primary distinction is that clipper circuits are
made up of a diode and a resistor while bridge rectifier is made up only one diode
Series Positive Clippers:
Series Positive Clippers eliminates the input voltage's positive half-cycles. A positive series clipper is
shown in Figure 1. If the input is negative, the diode is forward biased and displays the input of
the negative half cycle at the load. If the input is positive, the diode is in reverse biased
condition, the output shown is zero.

Figure 1: Series Positive Clipper


Parallel Negative Clippers:
It eliminates the input voltage's negative half-cycles. A parallel negative clipper is shown in Figure 2.
The diode becomes reverse biased during the positive half cycle of the input. As a result, the
resistor experiences no current flow. The output signal is attained for the positive half of the input
signal as the output current is measured at the load. The diode becomes forward biased during the
negative half of the input signal, therefore no-load current is produced. In the end, the output for
the negative half of the input signal is not seen.

Figure 2: Parallel Negative Clipper

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The circuits with the ideal diode are the clippers mentioned above in figures 1 and 2. However, if the
knee voltage (VK) is considered, the output voltage of the positive and negative clippers is
indicated in figure 3

Figure 3: Output of the Circuit of Figure 1 and 2 With the value of Vk

Figure 4: Parallel Positive Clipper with bias


Clampers:
A clamper circuit is a circuit that adds a DC level to an AC signal. Shift the signal to the positive or
negative side as shown in Figure 5. In fact, the positive and negative peaks of the signal can be
clamped to desired levels using a clamp circuit. If it shifts the DC level, the clamp circuit is called
a level shifter.

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Figure 5: Input and Output wave Shapes of Basic Clamper Circuit
A clamper circuit consists of an energy storage element such as a capacitor. A simple clamp circuit
consists of a capacitor, a diode, a resistor, and optionally a DC battery. The peak value and
average value of the input waveform and the clamped output will be different. The time constant
of the RC circuit should be ten times the time-period of the entering AC input voltage for better
clamping action.
A negative clamper is shown figure 6. During the entire positive half-cycle of the input, the diode will
conduct, and the output voltage will correspond to the diode barrier potential (V0). At this point,
the capacitor charges to (V - V0) through the negative half cycle of the input, the diode will
become negatively biased, and it has no effect role on the capacitor voltage. Due to the high value
of R the capacitor cannot discharge as much

Apparatus:
No. Apparatus Quantity
1 Diode 1
2 Trainer Board 1
3 Resistors :1 KΩ 1
4 Oscilloscope 1
5 Multimeter 1
6 Chord 2
7 Capacitors: 1 μF 1
8 DC Power Supply 1

Precautions:
The following is a list of some of the special safety precautions that have been taken into
consideration when working with diodes:
 Never removed or inserted a diode into a circuit with voltage applied.
 When testing a diode, ensured that the test voltage does not exceed the diode's maximum
allowable voltage.
 Ensured a replacement diode into a circuit is in the correct direction.
Experimental Procedure:
1. The Clipper and Clamper circuits were implemented as shown in figure 7 and figure 8.
2. The input and the output waves shapes were observed simultaneously on the oscilloscope in
dual mode and the waveforms were observed.
3. The same procedure was applied for the simulation and the input, and the output waveforms
were observed.

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Circuit Diagram:

Lab Diagram:

Figure 9: Experimental waveshapes for figure 7(a)

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Figure 10: Experimental waveshapes for figure 7(b)

Figure 11: Experimental waveshapes for figure 7(c)

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Figure 12: Experimental waveshapes for figure 7(d)

Figure 12: Experimental waveshapes for figure 8(a)

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Figure 13: Experimental waveshapes for figure 8(b)

Simulation:

Figure 14: Simulated waveshapes for figure 7(a)

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Figure 15: Simulated waveshapes for figure 7(b)

Figure 16: simulated waveshapes for figure 7(c)

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Figure 17: Simulated waveshapes for figure 7(d)

Figure 18: Simulated waveshapes for figure 8(a)

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Figure 19: Simulated waveshapes for figure 8(b)

Calculation:

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Discussion:
Clipping and Clamping are very widely used diode applications. In this experiment, the clipper &
clamper circuits were constructed carefully. Observing the input and output voltage from the
oscilloscope. It can be seen that the positive half cycle of the input voltage has been clipped off in
the positive clipper circuit and the negative half cycle of input waveform has been cut off in the
negative clipper circuit. During the experiment of clamper circuit, the characteristics were
observed.
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Conclusion:
In this paper, positive and negative diode clipper, biased clipper, positive clamper, negative clamper is
designed and simulated using Multisim software. Outputs of each designed circuit are calculated
numerically, and simulation results have been displayed in oscilloscope through Multism.

Reference:
[1] Adel S. Sedra, Kennth C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Saunders College
Publishing, 3rd ed., ISBN: 0-03-051648-X, 1991.
[2] American International University–Bangladesh (AIUB) Electronic Devices Lab
Manual.
[3] David J. Comer, Donald T. Comer, Fundamentals of Electronic Circuit Design, John
Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.; ISBN: 0471410160, 2002.

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