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DeterminationofViscosityofSemi-solidbyUsingBrookfieldViscometer

The document outlines a procedure for determining the viscosity of semi-solid substances using a Brookfield Viscometer. It includes details on the required materials, theory behind the viscometer's operation, and a step-by-step procedure for conducting the viscosity measurement. Additionally, it provides guidelines for recording observations and calculating viscosity values.

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51 views

DeterminationofViscosityofSemi-solidbyUsingBrookfieldViscometer

The document outlines a procedure for determining the viscosity of semi-solid substances using a Brookfield Viscometer. It includes details on the required materials, theory behind the viscometer's operation, and a step-by-step procedure for conducting the viscosity measurement. Additionally, it provides guidelines for recording observations and calculating viscosity values.

Uploaded by

snehajuly2004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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M. Pharm (Pharmaceutics)

Determination of Viscosity of Semisolid by using Brookfield Viscometer

Rahul Pal*, Prachi Pandey M. Pharm (Pharmaceutics)


Department of Pharmaceutics, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University, Jaipur,
Rajasthan, India, 303121

Object: To determine the viscosity of semi-solid by using Brookfield Viscometer.

Reference:

01. Binglu Ruan and Anthony M Jacobi, “Ultrasonication effects on thermal and rheological
properties of carbonnanotube suspensions”, Nanoscale Research Letters, vol. 7, pp. 27-41,
2012 (PDF) Thermo-physical properties of water +ethylene glycol basedalumina nanofluids.
Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327527233_Thermo-
physical_properties_of_water_ethylene_glycol_basedalumina_nanofluids [accessed May 11
2023].
02. Adnan M. Hussein, R. A. Bakar, K. Kadirgama, and K.V. Sharma, “Experimental measurement
of nanofluidsthermal properties”, International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical
Engineering, vol.7, pp. 850-863, 2013
(PDF) Thermo-physical properties of water +ethylene glycol basedalumina nanofluids.
Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327527233_Thermo-
physical_properties_of_water_ethylene_glycol_basedalumina_nanofluids [accessed May 11
2023].

Requirements:

Chemicals: Sample (liquid, gel, glycerin-based substances).

Apparatus/Glassware: Brookfield Viscometer, Beaker and Glass rod.

Theory:

The Brookfield viscometer is a rotational viscometer. To measure the viscosity, a measuring body
(spindle) is immersed in the oil and rotated at a defined speed. The force required in order to keep this
speed constant, is a measurement for the dynamic viscosity.

The Brookfield Viscometer determines viscosity by measuring the force to turn the spindle in the
solution at a given rate. Data: Relative Viscosity is calculated by dividing absolute viscosity of the
nylon/formic acid solution by the absolute viscosity of the formic acid.
2
M. Pharm (Pharmaceutics)

Brookfield viscometers have a guaranteed accuracy of + -1% relative to the full-scale value of the
moving / speed combination used.

Procedure:

01. Prepare the gel using forming materials (gelling agents).


02. Keep the gel at lease 24 hours, for uniform dispersion and homogenization.
03. After 24 hours, when the gel is completely formed, place sufficient quantity in the beaker or
sample holder provided with the instrument.
04. Set up the base level of instruments using level indicator on the top of instrument and plug in
for constant electric supply.
05. Clean the spindle and all over to the instrument.
06. Rotate the spindle in the gel till to get a constant dial reading on the display of the viscometer.
07. Repeat the determination at least three time for reproductable results.

Note: If the temperature is to be studied than maintain the temperature at least 20 minutes and
determine the viscosity.

Observation and Calculation:

Amount of gel = …..gm

Spindle number = ….

Speed of spindle in gel = ….rpm

Average reading of three determination = …..

Note: In recent model viscosity shows the directly on the display but in old model following formula
was used.

Viscosity of gel = Dial Reading x A

Where, A is the value of provided by the manufacturer of the particular spindle and speed used for
study.

Report: Viscosity of prepared gel was found to be…..cp, determined by brookfield


viscometer…..(model) using spindle number…..at …..rpm speed and….torque.

✍︎ ✍︎✍︎

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