Chapter 3

Accounting In Enterprise Systems

‫ ﺑﯾﺗﻌﺎﻣل ازاي ﻣﻊ اﻷﺛر اﻟﻣﺎﻟﻲ واﻟﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﻘوم ﺑﯾﮭﺎ‬ERP ‫ھﻧﺗﻛﻠم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷﺎﺑﺗر دا ﻋن ال‬
‫اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬
Financial accounting Management
Accounting
Focus External Internal
‫ﺑﯾن اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ واﻷطراف اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﺗم داﺧل اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬

Purpose 1- Legal Reporting (financial Managing the firm with

Statements) ‫اﻟﻘواﺋم اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ regard of costs and revenues
2- Tracking financial impact ‫ﺗﻘﺎرﯾر ﻋن اﻟﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف واﻻرﺑﺎح ﻋﺷﺎن‬
of processes ‫ﻻن أي ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ ﺑﯾﻛون‬ ‫ﺗﺳﺎﻋدﻧﻲ اﺗﺧذ ﻗرارات وﺗﺣﻘﯾﻖ اھداف‬
‫ﻟﯾﮭﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﯾر ﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‬
3- Communicate with
investors ‫اﺑﻌﺗﻠﮫ اﻟﻘواﺋم اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺷﺎن ﯾطﻣن ﻋﻠﻲ وﺿﻊ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬
Content Defined by laws and Defined by management
regulations needs
‫ﺣﺳب ﻣﻌﺎﯾر اﻟﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﺔ )اﻟﻣﺻرﯾﺔ( او‬ ‫ﻣﻔﯾش ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ ﻟﻛن ﺑﺣددھﺎ ﺣﺳب‬
‫ﺣﺳب اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﺣﺗﯾﺎﺟﺎت وﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬

Financial Accounting
Key Financial Accounting Processes
1) The general ledger (GL) ‫دﻓﺗر اﻷﺳﺗﺎذ‬ is used to record the financial impacts
‫ﺻﻠب اﻟﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﺔ اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﺑﺳﺗﺧدﻣﮫ ﻋﺷﺎن اﻋﻣل اﻟﻘواﺋم ﻓﻲ‬ of business process steps.
‫اﻻﺧر‬ ‫أي ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ ﺑﯾﻛون ﻟﯾﮭﺎ اﺛر ﻣﺎﻟﻲ وﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﻲ ﺑﯾﺳﻣﻊ‬
GL ‫ﻓﻲ ال‬
2) Accounts receivables accounting is associated with the fulfillment
process and is used to manage money

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 owed by customers for goods and
services sold to them.
3) Accounts payable accounting Is associated with the procurement
process, used to record and manage
money owed to vendors for the
purchase of materials and services.
4) Asset accounting is used to record data related to the
purchase, use, and disposal of assets
such as buildings, equipment,
machinery, and automobiles.
5) Bank ledger accounting is concerned with recording data
associated with bank transactions.

Organizational Data
The organizational data associated with financial accounting are client, company
code, and business area. ‫ﻣن اﻟﻣﻧظور اﻟﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﻲ‬
1) Client:
-Highest organizational level.
- Only one client per enterprise.
- Can have one or multiple company codes.
2)Company Code:
- Highest organizational level for financial reporting.
- Financial statements are generally prepared at the company code level.
‫ وﻛل ﻛﻠﯾﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﻠﺔ ﺑذاﺗﮭﺎ ﻗﺎﻧوﻧﯾﺎ وﻣﺎدﯾﺎ وﺑﺗﻘدم ال‬CC ‫اﺣﻧﺎ ﻗوﻟﻧﺎ اﻟﺷﺎﺑﺗر اﻟﻲ ﻓﺎت ان ان ﻛﻠﯾﺔ ﺗﺟﺎرة وﻛﻠﯾﺔ ﺣﺎﺳﺑﺎت دول‬
‫ ﻋﺷﺎن ﻛدا ﺑﻘول ان ﻛل ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻓرﻋﯾﺔ ﺗﻌﺗﺑر اﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺳﺗوى ﺗﻧظﯾﻣﻲ ﻣن ﻧﺣﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﺎرﯾر‬.‫ ﻟوﺣدھﺎ‬Financial Statements
.‫اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬

3)Business Areas
- are internal divisions of an enterprise that are used to define areas of responsibility or to meet
the external reporting requirements of an enterprise segment.

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 ‫ﻣﺛﻼ ﻋﻧدي ‪ LAB‬ﺟوا اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ اﺷﺗرﯾﺗﻠﮫ أﺟﮭزة وﻣﻌدات واﻗﻼم وﺑدي ﻓﯾﮫ ﻛورﺳﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺻﯾف ﻛﻣﺎن‪ ,‬ف ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠوس داﺧﻠﺔ‬
‫وﺧﺎرﺟﺔ ﺑﺷﻛل ﻛﺑﯾر وﻣﻧﻔﺻل ف ﻻزم اﻗدم اﻟﺗﻘﺎرﯾر ﺑﺗﺎﻋﺗﮫ ﺑﺷﻛل ﻣﻧﻔﺻل ﻗﺑل ﻣﺑدأ اﻋﻣل اﻟﺗﻘﺎرﯾر ﺑﺗﺎﻋﻰ ﻛﻠﯾﺔ ﺗﺟﺎرة ﻛﻠﮭﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪- Across Company Codes.‬‬
‫‪- A business area is often based on the enterprise’s product lines or its geographic‬‬
‫ﻣﺛﻼ اﻧﺎ ﻋﻧدي اﻛﺗر ﻣن ﺧط اﻧﺗﺎج ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ف ﺑﻛون ﻣﺣﺗﺎج ﺗﻘﺎرﯾر ﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﻟﻛل ‪division, across company codes.‬‬
‫ﺧط اﻧﺗﺎج‪.‬‬
‫و ﻣﺛﻼ اﻧﺎ ﻋﻧدي ﻓروع ﻓﺗﺣﺎ� ﺟوا اﺳﻛﻧدرﯾﺔ ﻛل ﻓرع ﯾﻌﺗﺑر ‪ business area‬ﺑﯾﻌﻣل ﺗﻘﺎرﯾر ﻟوﺣده‪.‬‬

‫‪MASTER DATA‬‬
‫)‪Chart of Accounts - General Ledger Accounts - Subsidiary ledgers (sub ledgers‬‬

‫‪1) Chart Of Accounts (COA):‬‬

‫اﻟﺗﻌرﯾف ‪A list of accounts that can be included in a general ledger.‬‬
‫‪An orderly definition of accounts in the general ledger .‬‬
‫ﻋﺑﺎرة ﻋن ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﺑﺄﺳﻣﺎء اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ )ح‪/‬ﻋﻣﻼء ح‪/‬ﻣوردﯾن ح‪/‬اھﻼك (‬

‫‪There are three types of charts of accounts:‬‬

‫‪1-Operative COA: contains the operational accounts that are used to record the‬‬
‫‪financial impact of an organization’s day-to-day transaction.‬‬
‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻲ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﺑﺗﺳﺗﺧدﻣﮭﺎ ﻋﺷﺎن ﺗﺳﺟل اﻷﺛر اﻟﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﻲ ﻟﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺗﮭﺎ واﻷﻧﺷطﺔ اﻟﯾوﻣﯾﺔ‬

‫‪2-Country- specific COA:‬‬

‫دي ﺑﺗﻛون ﻧﻔس اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت وﻟﻛن ﻣﺗرﺟﻣﺔ ﺣﺳب أﺳﻣﺎﺋﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺑﻠد اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧدﻣﺔ ﻓﯾﮭﺎ وﻻن ﻛل دوﻟﺔ ﻟﯾﮭﺎ ﻧظﺎم وﻣﻌﺎﯾر ﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﯾﮭﺎ‪ .‬ﯾﻌﻧﻲ أﺳﻣﺎء اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻣﺻر ﻣش ﻧﻔس أﺳﻣﺎء اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت ﻓﻲ أﻣرﯾﻛﺎ وﻻ ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣﻌﺎﯾر اﻟﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﯾﺔ‬

‫‪3- Group COA: : contains group accounts that multiple companies in an enterprise‬‬
‫‪use to merge their financial reporting.‬‬
‫ان اﻧﺎ ﻋﻧدي ﻓروع ﻓﻲ دول ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ وﻛل ﻓرع ﺑﯾﺗﻌﺎﻣل ب أﺳﻣﺎء ﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ف اﻧﺎ ك ‪ Client‬ﻻزم ﯾﻛون ﻋﻧدي ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ‬
‫واﺣدة ﻣن اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت اﺳﻣﮭﺎ ‪ Group COA‬ﺑﺳﺗﺧدﻣﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﺗﻘراﯾر اﻟﻣﻧﻔﺻﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻔروع ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘرﯾر واﺣد ﻣﺟﻣﻊ‪.‬‬

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Notes: 1- A company must use at least one chart of account and it Can use more
than one chart of account to create alternate ledgers. ‫ﻻن ﻟو ﻣﻔﯾش ﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت ف ﻣﻔﯾش‬
‫ﻗواﺋم أﺻﻼ‬
2- All enterprises must maintain an operative COA, while group and country-
specific COAs are optional.
‫ أﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻋﺷﺎن ﺑﺳﺟل ﻓﯾﮫ اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت اﻟﯾوﻣﯾﺔ ﻣﺛﻼ اﺧدت ﻓﻠوس ﻣن ﻋﻣﯾل او دﻓﻌت ﻟﻣورد ف‬operative ‫ال‬
‫ دا ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬country-specific ‫ و‬group ‫ ﻟﻛن ال‬, ‫دا ﻣن ﻏﯾره ﻣش ھﻼﻗﻲ داﺗﺎ اﻋﻣل ﺑﯾﮭﺎ ﻗواﺋم أﺻﻼ‬
.‫ﻟو ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﻟﯾﮭﺎ ﻓروع ﺣول اﻟﻌﺎﻟم‬

1) General Ledger Accounts:

-G/L accounts are master data.
-Recording of all accounting-relevant business transactions occurs in a G/L
account. ‫ﺑﻧﺳﺟل ﻓﯾﮫ اﻷﺛر اﻟﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼت اﻟﻲ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﺑﺗﻘوم ﺑﯾﮭﺎ‬
Data in the general ledger accounts are segmented by:

✓Chart of account segment : ‫اﺳم اﻟﺣﺳﺎب وﻧوﻋﮫ ووﺻف ﻟﯾﮫ وﺑﯾﻛون ﻟﯾﮫ رﻣز ﻋﺷﺎن ﻣش ﻛل ﻣرة اﺣﺗﺎج‬
‫اﻛﺗب اﺳم اﻟﺣﺳﺎب ﻣﻣﻛن اﻛﺗب اﻟرﻣز ﺑس‬

✓Company code segment : ‫ ﻻﻧﻲ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻛﺑﯾرة ف ﻻزم اﻋرف‬,‫اﺳﺗﺧدﻣت اﻟﺣﺳﺎب ف اﻧﮭﻲ ﻓرع‬
‫ﻣﺛﻼ ﺣﺳﺎب اﻟﻌﻣﻼ اﺳﺗﺧدﻣﺗﮫ ف اﻧﮭﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﺑﻧﻲ ﻛود‬
General ledger = COA data + Company code data

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‫‪General Ledger Accounts‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﯾزاﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ ‪1-Balance sheet accounts‬‬
‫‪Assets = Liabilities + Equity‬‬ ‫اﻷﺻول ﺑﺗﺳﺎوي اﻻﻟﺗزاﻣﺎت ‪+‬ﺣﻘوق اﻟﻣﻠﻛﯾﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ اﻟدﺧل ‪2-Income statement accounts‬‬

‫‪Income = Revenue - Expenses‬‬

‫ﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﺗﺳوﯾﺔ ‪3-Reconciliation accounts‬‬

‫‪1) Sub-Ledger And Recon Accounts:‬‬

‫‪Subsidiary OR Sub-ledgers‬‬ ‫‪Reconciliation Accounts‬‬

‫‪1- Are not part of the General Ledger.‬‬ ‫‪1- Are part of the General Ledger.‬‬
‫‪2- used to separate accounting for‬‬ ‫‪2- Consolidate data from a group of‬‬
‫‪customers, vendors and assets.‬‬ ‫‪related sub-ledger accounts. Such as‬‬
‫اﺷوف ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﻛل ﻛﺎﺳﺗﻣر ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣدا‬ ‫‪customers and vendors.‬‬
‫‪3- it’s not possible to post data directly‬‬
‫‪into them.‬‬

‫ﺣﺳﺎب اﻷﺳﺗﺎذ ﺑﯾظﮭر ﺟواه ﺣﺳﺎب اﻟﻌﻣﻼء ﻓﻲ ﺻورة ﺑﻧد واﺣد ﻓﯾﮫ اﻟرﺻﯾد ﺑﺗﺎع ﻛل اﻟﻌﻣﻼء اﻟﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺗﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻌﺎھﺎ )ح ﻋﻣﻼء‪ (100000 /‬ﻧﻔس اﻟﻛﻼم ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣوردﯾن ﺑﯾﻛون ﻋﻧدي ﺣﺳﺎب ﻓﯾﮫ ارﺻدة ﻛل‬
‫اﻟﻣوردﯾن )ح ﻣوردﯾن‪ . (...../‬و اﻧﺎ ﻛﺷرﻛﺔ ﻛﺑﯾرة ﺑﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ ﻋﻣﻼء و ﻣوردﯾن ﻛﺗﯾر ﻻزم اﻋرف ﻛل واﺣد‬
‫ﻋﻠﯾﺎ ﻛﺎم ﻟﯾﮫ ﻟو ﻣورد و ﻟو ﻋﻣﯾل اﻋرف دﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﻛﺎم وﻣﺗﺑﻘﯾﻠﻲ ﻛﺎم‪ .‬اﻟﻛﻼم دا ﻗﺑل ﻣﺎ اﻋرف رﺻﯾد اﻟﻌﻣﻼ ﻛﻠﮭم‬
‫او اﻟﻣوردﯾن ﻛﻠﮭم‪ .‬ف ھﻧﺎ اﻧﺎ ﻋﻣﻠت ﻟﻛل ﻛﺎﺳﺗﻣر و ﻛل ﻣورد ‪ sub-ledger‬اﺳﺟل ﻓﯾﮫ دﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﻛﺎم وﻟﺳﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﯾﮫ ﻛﺎم وطﺑﻌﺎ اﻟﻛﻼم دا ﻣش ﺟزء ﻣن ال ‪ . General Ledger‬ف اﻧﺎ ﻋﻧدي ال ‪Reconciliation‬‬
‫‪ Accounts‬دي ﺣﺳﺎب ﻣﺟﻣﻊ ﻟﻛل ارﺻدة اﻟﻌﻣﻼء و اﻟﻣوردﯾن ف اﻗدر اﺳﺟﻠﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ال ‪General Ldeger‬‬
‫دﻟوﻗﺗﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
Accounting Documents:
‫ ﻋﺷﺎن ﺑﻌد ﻛدا اﻗدر‬documents ‫ ﺑﯾﺳﺟل اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ أي ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ ﻣﺛﻼ ﻓواﺗﯾر ﻣﺑﯾﻌﺎت ﺑﯾﺳﺟﻠﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ‬SAP ERP‫ال‬
:‫ ﻋﻧدي ﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل ﻛﺗﯾر ﺑس اﻋرف اﺗﻧﯾن‬.‫اﺳﺟﻠﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺣﺳﺎب اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﯾﮭﺎ‬

1- Document Type:
- Two-digit code that identifies the process that generated the document.
‫ دﻓﻊ ﻟﻣورد وﻻ ﺗﺣﺻﯾل ﻣن ﻋﻣﯾل‬,‫ﻣﺛﻼ اﻟﻔﺎﺗورة اﻟﻲ ﻗداﻣﻲ دي ﻣن ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ ﺑﯾﻊ وﻻ ﺷراء‬
- Determine the document number range and the account type that can be
posted to.‫ ﻣﺛﻼ ھﺳﺟﻠﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺳﺎب ﻋﻣﻼء او ﻣوردﯾن وﻛذا‬,‫رﯾﻧﺞ اﻟﻔﺎﺗورة وھﺗﺗﺳﺟل ف اﻧﮭﻲ ﺣﺳﺎب‬
2- Posting Key: ‫ھﺳﺟﻠﮭﺎ ازاي‬
- is a two-digit code that determines how a line item is posted.
- Account type for posting the document item.
- Determines the document item is posted as a debit or a credit.
‫ ﯾﻌﻧﻲ ﻣدﯾن وﻻ داﺋن و اﻟﺣﺳﺎب اﻟﻲ ھﺳﺟل اﻟداﺗﺎ دي ﻓﯾﮫ‬Debit or credit ,‫ﺑﺷوف اﻟداﺗﺎ ھﺳﺟﻠﮭﺎ‬

Parallel Accounts:
An organization can implement multiple ledgers in parallel and use each ledger
for different purposes, so there are two types of ledgers:
A) One leading ledger:
- For the whole client (all company codes).
- Global principles are consolidated.
- All transactions are posted to it based on the international financial reporting
standard (IFRS). ‫ﻣﻌﺎﯾر اﻟﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﯾﺔ‬
B) Non-leading ledgers:
For each company code based on local accounting standards.
‫زي ﻣﺎ ﻗوﻟﻧﺎ اﻧﻲ ﻣﺛﻼ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻛﺑﯾرة وﻋﻧدي ﻓروع ﺣول اﻟﻌﺎﻟم وﻛل ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻓرﻋﯾﺔ ﻻزم ﺗﻘدم اﻟﻘواﺋم ﺑﺗﺎﻋﺗﮭﺎ‬
.‫ﻟﻠدوﻟﺔ اﻟﻲ ﻣوﺟودة ﻓﯾﮭﺎ ﺣﺳب ﻣﻌﺎﯾر اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬
.‫واﻧﺎ ك اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻷم ﺑﺟﻣﻊ اﻟﻘواﺋم دي ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘرﯾر واﺣد ﻣﺟﻣﻊ‬

6
 Management Accounting
- Most of the data used in management accounting are derived from financial
accounting.
-A key function of management accounting is to manage and allocate costs.
‫اﻟدور اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﺔ اﻹدارﯾﺔ ھﻲ إدارة اﻟﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف‬

Cost Center
- Location where costs are incurred : such as Department, individual .
- Container or bucket that accumulates costs.
- Cost centers can be associated with departments such as marketing or
with locations such as plants and with individual.
management accounting ‫ و ال‬, ‫دﻟوﻗﺗﻲ أي ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ ﺑﺗﻘوم ﺑﯾﮭﺎ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﺳواء ﺑﯾﻊ او ﺷرا او اﻧﺗﺎج ف ﺑﯾﻛون ﻓﻲ ﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف‬
‫ ف ﻣﺛﻼ ﻋﻧدي ﻗﺳم اﻟﻣﺎرﻛﺗﯾﻧﺞ ﺑﯾﻌﻣل ﺣﻣﻼت‬,‫ﺑﺗرﻛز ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف ف ﻻزم اﺣدد ﻛل ﺗﻛﻠﻔﺔ ﺳﺑﺑﮭﺎ اﯾﮫ و اﺣﻣﻠﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﯾن‬
.‫اﻟﺧﺎص ب ﻗﺳم اﻟﻣﺎرﻛﯾﺗﻧﺞ‬cost center ‫إﻋﻼﻧﯾﺔ واﺷﺗري أﺟﮭزة ف اﻟﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف دي ھﺣﻣﻠﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ال‬
‫ ﯾﻌﻧﻲ أي ﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف ﺗﺧص اﻟﻣﺻﻧﻊ دا ھﺣﻣﻠﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ﻛوﺳت ﺳﻧﺗر‬cost center ‫او ﻟو ﻋﻧدي ﻣﺻﻧﻊ ﻛﺎﻣل ﻣﻣﻛن اﻋﺗﺑره‬
.‫اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ ﺑﯾﮫ‬
‫ ﺧﺎص ﺑﯾﮭم ان ﻣﺛﻼ أي ﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﺑﺗﺗﻛﻠﻔﮭﺎ ﺑﺳﺑﺑﮭم أﻗول ان دي‬cost center ‫ﻣﻣﻛن ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻓراد زي اﻟﻣدﯾرﯾن ﻟﯾﮭم‬
.‫ﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف إدارة‬

1)Accounts Payable Accounting:

- Concerned with vendors.
- Involve sub-ledgers to track money owed to individual vendors.
- Involve reconciliation accounts: Accounts payable-reconciliation.

‫ ﺑﺳﺟل ﻓﯾﮫ ﻛل ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺗﻲ ﻣﻊ ﻛل‬account payable sub-ledger ‫دﻟوﻗﺗﻲ اﻧﺎ ﻋﻧدي‬

‫ ﺑﻌد ﻛدا ﺑﺟﻣﻊ اﻷرﺻدة ﻓﻲ ﺣﺳﺎب‬,‫ واﻟﻔﻠوس اﻟﻲ دﻓﻌﺗﮭﺎ واﻟﻲ ﻣﺗﺑﻘﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﯾﺎ‬vendor
General ‫ ودا اﻟﻲ ﺑﯾظﮭر ﻓﻲ ال‬Accounts-payable reconciliation ‫واﺣد‬
Ledger

7
2)Accounts Receivable Accounting:
-Concerned with customers.
-Involves sub-ledger accounts for individual customers.
-Involves reconciliations accounts:
Accounts receivable – reconciliation

3)Asset Accounting:
-Concerned with tracking the financial consequences associated with the entire
lifecycle of an asset, from acquisition to disposal (retirement).
‫ﺑﺗﮭﺗم ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﺛﯾر اﻟﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻛل اﻷﺻول ﻣن ﺑداﯾﺔ اﻟﺷراء ﻣرورا ﺑﺎﻟﮭﻼك ﻟﺣد ﻣﺎ اﺗﺧﻠص ﻣﻧﮭﺎ ﺧﺎﻟص‬

-Assets can be:

1- Tangible : have a physical form, such as computers, machine and buildings.
2- Intangible: nonphysical, such as trademarks. ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﺟﺎرﯾﺔ‬
3- Financial: include a variety of financial instruments such as securities ( ‫اﻷوراق‬
‫ )اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬, long term notes (‫ )اﻟﺳﻧدات‬and mortgages ‫ اﻟرھون اﻟﻌﻘﺎرﯾﺔ‬.

-Tangible Assets can be categorized as:

- fixed assets ‫أﺻول ﺛﺎﺑﺗﺔ زي اﻷراﺿﻲ و اﻟﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ‬
-Leased assets ‫ﻣؤﺟرة زي ارض ﻣؤﺟرة‬

-Assets under construction ‫ﻣﺻﻧﻊ ﺗﺣت اﻻﻧﺷﺎء‬

Assets Can be assigned to Company Code and Business Area.

‫دﻟوﻗﺗﻲ ھﺗﻛﻠم ﻋن اﻟﺷراء واﻻھﻼك واﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣﻧﮫ‬

8
‫‪Asset Acquisition:‬‬
‫‪Asset acquisition is concerned with acquiring assets via internal or external‬‬
‫‪processes.‬‬
‫‪-Internal: production process or project systems.‬‬
‫ﻣﺛﻼ ﻟو ﺑﺻﻧﻊ ﻛراﺳﻲ او ﻋرﺑﯾﺎت ف اﺳﺗﺧدﻣﮭم ﺑدل ﻣﺎ اﺟﯾب ﻣن ﺑرا‬

‫‪- external:‬‬
‫‪(1) purchase from an established vendor without using the purchasing process‬‬
‫ﻣﺛﻼ ﻟو ﻣﺳﺗﻌﺟل ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﺿﺎﻋﺔ ف ﻗﺎﺑﻠت ال ‪ Vendor‬ﺑﻧﻔﺳﻲ ودﻓﻌﺗﻠﮫ واﺧدت اﻟﺑﺿﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻣوﺿوع اﻧﺗﮭﻲ ﺑدون اﺳﺗﺧدام‬
‫‪ ,ERP System‬اﻟﻣوﺿوع ﺗم ﺑﺷﻛل ﯾدوي‪.‬‬

‫‪(2) purchase from an established vendor using the purchasing process.‬‬

‫ھﻧﺎ اﻧﺎ اﺷﺗرﯾت ﻋﺎدي ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدام ال ‪ERP system‬‬

‫‪(3) purchase from a one-time vendor, or a vendor for whom master data are‬‬
‫ﻣﺛﻼ ﻋﺎﯾز ﺑﺿﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ وﻣﻠﻘﺗﮭﺎش ﻋﻧد أي ﻣورد ﻣن اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻌﺎھم وﻣﺳﺟﻠﮭم ﻋﻧدي ﻓﻲ ‪not maintained.‬‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺳﺗم ‪ ,‬ف ھطﻠب ﻣن ﻣورد اﺧر ودي ھﺗﻛون اول ﻣرة اﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻌﺎه وﻣﻣﻛن اﺧر ﻣرة ﻓﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ ﻣش ﻣﺗﺳﺟل ﻋﻧدي وﻻ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺎ أي داﺗﺎ ﺗﺧﺻﮫ‬

‫اﻻھﻼك ‪Asset Depreciation :‬‬

‫‪-Asset depreciation is concerned with the decrease in the value of an asset over‬‬
‫اﻧﺧﻔﺎض ﻗﯾﻣﺔ اﻷﺻل ﺑﻣرور اﻟزﻣن ‪time.‬‬
‫ﯾﻌﻧﻲ ﻣﻣﻛن أﻛون ﻣﺧطط وﺣﺎﺳب اﻻھﻼك ﻛل ﺳﻧﺔ ‪- Depreciation can be planned or unplanned.‬‬
‫ھﯾﻛون ﻋﻧدي ﺑﻘﯾﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ وان اﻟﻶﻟﺔ ﻣﻣﻛن ﺗﻌﯾش ‪ 5‬ﺳﻧﯾن‪ ,‬ﻟﻛن ﻓﺟﺎة ﯾﺣﺻل ﺣرﯾﻖ واﻵﻟﺔ ﺑﺗﺎﻋﺗﻲ ﺗﺑوظ‪ ,‬ف ﻣﻣﻛن اﺻﻠﺣﮭﺎ‬
‫وﺗﻘﻌد ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺎ ﺳﻧﺔ ﻛﻣﺎن ﻟﻛن ﻣش ھﺗﻘﻌد ‪ 5‬ﺳﻧﯾن زي ﻣﺎ ﻛﻧت ﺣﺎﺳب‪.‬‬

‫طرق ﺣﺳﺎب اﻹھﻼك ‪Depreciation methods are:‬‬

‫اﻹھﻼك اﻟﺛﺎﺑت ‪Straight-line: the asset is depreciated by the same amount every year.‬‬
‫ﺑﯾﻘل ﻛل ﺳﻧﺔ ﺑﻛﻣﯾﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺗﺔ‪ ,‬زي ﻛل ﺳﻧﺔ ﯾﻘل اﻟف ﺟﻧﯾﮫ‬
‫‪Double-declining balance: the asset is depreciated at a fixed percentage rate each‬‬
‫دا اﻻھﻼك اﻟﻣﺗﻧﺎﻗص ﺑﯾﻘل ﻛل ﺳﻧﺔ ﺑﻛﻣﯾﺔ ﻣﺗﻧﺎﻗﺻﺔ‪ ,‬ﯾﻌﻧﻲ اول ﺳﻧﺔ اﻟف وﺗﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 700‬وﺗﺎﻟت ﺳﻧﺔ ‪year.‬‬
‫‪ 400‬وﻛدا‬

‫‪9‬‬
‫ ﻗﯾم ﻟﻸﺻل‬3 ‫ﺑﻌد ﻣﺎ ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻھﻼك ﺑﯾﻛون ﻋﻧدي‬
-Useful life: which specifies how long the company the asset. ‫ﻣﺛﻼ ھﻼﻗﻲ ان اﻷﺻل ﻣﻣﻛن‬
‫ ﺳﻧﯾن‬5 ‫ﯾﻘﻌد ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺎ‬

-Book value: which is the value of the asset after it is depreciated. ‫ﻗﯾﻣﺔ اﻷﺻل ﺑﻌد‬
‫ اﻟف‬40 ‫ ﺳﻧﯾن ﻗﯾﻣﺗﮭﺎ ﺑﻘت‬5 ‫ اﻟف ﺑﻌد ال‬100 ‫اﻻھﻼك ﻣﺛﻼ اﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﻧت ب‬

-Residual value: This is the amount the company expects to receive when it
disposes of the asset. ‫ اﻻف‬10 ‫ﻗﯾﻣﺔ اﻷﺻل وھو ﺧردة ﻣﻣﻛن اطﻠﻊ ﻣﻧﮫ ب‬

Asset Retirement : ‫اﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣﻧﮫ‬

-Concerned with the disposal or retirement of an asset after its useful life.
Retirement may be:
-Revenue generating (sold)
-Non-revenue generating ( scrapped )
‫ﺑﻌد ﻣﺎ اﺳﺗﻌﻣﻠت اﻷﺻل وﺧﻠص اﻟﺳﻧﯾن ﺑﺗﺎﻋﺗﮫ وﺑﻘﻲ ﺧردة ﻣﻣﻛن اﺑﯾﻊ اﻟﺧردة واﻛﺳب ﻣﻧﮭﺎ او ارﻣﯾﮭﺎ ﻻﻧﮭﺎ‬
.‫ﺷﻐﻼﻟﻲ ﻣﻛﺎن ﻋﻧدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻔﺎﺿﻲ وﻣﺣدش ﻋﺎوز ﯾﺷﺗرﯾﮭﺎ ﻣﻧﻲ‬

Asset Explorer :
Asset explorer provides an overview of all activities related to the asset.
‫أداة اﻗدر ﻣن ﺧﻼھﺎ اﺷوف ﻛل اﻟﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل اﻟﻲ ﺗﺧص اﻷﺻول ﻋﻧدي ﺳواء ﻣﺛﻼ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل اﻻھﻼك او ﺷراء‬

Reporting: ‫دﻟوﻗﺗﻲ ﺑﻌد ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﺻت ﻛل ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ھطﻠﻊ اﻟﺗﻘﺎرﯾر ﺑﺗﺎﻋﺗﻲ‬

-Financial reporting is divided into two categories:

1- Displaying Account Account Information can be displayed at 3 level:

Information ‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل ﻛل‬ 1- Balance
‫ﺣﺳﺎب‬ 2- line item
3- Original FI document
2- Generating financial 1- balance sheet ‫ﻣﯾزاﻧﯾﺔ ﻋﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬
statement ‫اﻟﻘواﺋم اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ 2- income statement‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ اﻟدﺧل‬
3- statement of cash flow ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ اﻟﺗدﻓﻖ اﻟﻧﻘدي‬

10
Choose:

1. ………. is concerned with recording the financial impacts of business processes as they
are executed.
A) Financial accounting (Fl)
B) Controlling (CO)
C) Bank ledger accounting
D) None of the above
2. Which of the following is a key process in financial accounting?
A) Sales order processing
B) Accounts receivable accounting
C) Credit management
D) Income verification
3. Which process is used to manage money owed by customers for goods and services
purchased from the company?
A) Accounts receivable accounting
B) Fixed asset accounting
C) Bank ledger accounting
D) All of the above
4. are internal divisions of an enterprise that are used to define areas of responsibility or
to meet the external reporting requirements of an enterprise segment.
A) Cost centers
B) Business area
C) Depreciation areas
D) Sub- ledgers
5. Which term refers to an ordered listing of accounts that comprise a company's general
ledger?

11
A) General ledger
B) Balance sheet
C) Chart of accounts (COA)
D) Bank ledger
6. Which term is a general ledger account that consolidates data from a group of related
sub- ledger accounts?
A) Sub- ledger
B) Reconciliation account
C) Line item display
D) None of the above
7. Which of the following is used to implement multiple ledgers and use each ledger for
different purposes?
A) Financial accounting document
B) Subsidiary ledger
C) Sub- ledger
D) Parallel accounting
8. Which type of asset has a physical form?
A) Master asset
B) Tangible asset
C) Informal asset
D) Intangible asset
9. Which type of asset has a non- physical form?
A) Intangible asset
B) Master asset
C) Tangible asset
D) Informal asset
10. Which of the following is used to report data needed to meet legal and regulatory
requirements?

12
A) Assets
B) Equity
C) Tangible document
D) Financial statement
11. Which of the following is not a mode of acquiring an asset for a company?
A) Acquiring internally via the production process
B) Acquire from a vendor using the purchasing process
C) Acquire from a vendor without using the purchasing process
D) Selling equipment
12. All of the following are transaction types that occur during the life of an asset except
A) Acquisition
B) Depreciation
C) Allocation
D) Retirement
13. Tangible assets can include which of the following?
A) Computers
B) Production Machinery
C) Real Estate
D) All of the above
14. What is true about a business area?
A) It is a internal division of an enterprise
B) It helps management monitor performance
C) It is used for external reporting
D) All of the above
15. Which of the following are types of chart of accounts?
A) Operative COA
B) Country specific COA

13
C) Group COA
D) All of the above
16. What does the COA data include?
A) Client segment
B) Company code segment
C) A and B
D) None of the above

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
A B A B C B D B A D D C D D D C

T OR D
1. Accounting processes are broadly divided into two main categories: Financial accounting
and management accounting.
2. Financial accounting (FI) is concerned with recording the financial impacts of business
processes as they executed.
3. Management Accounting (CO) is intended primarily for audiences outside the
organization.
4. The general ledger is used to record the financial impacts of business process steps.
5. A chart of accounts (COA) is an ordered listing of accounts that comprise a companyʹ s
general ledger.
6. Accounts payable accounting is concerned with vendors.

14
7. Accounts receivable accounting is concerned with customers.
8. Intangible assets are physical items such as buildings, machinery, and computers.
9. Tangible assets are non- physical items such as trademarks and patents.
10. Reporting within financial accounting is divided into two categories: generating financial
statements and displaying account information
11. General ledger accounting, Accounts receivable accounting, Accounts payable
accounting and Asset accounting are Key Management Accounting Processes.
12. The organizational data associated with financial accounting are client, company code,
and business area.
13. Business areas are internal divisions of an enterprise that are used to define areas of
responsibility or to meet the external reporting requirements of an enterprise segment.
14. Financial statements are generated for each business area within the enterprise.
15. A financial accounting document (FI document) records the impact (financial data) of a
transaction step on financial accounting.
16. Asset Retirement is concerned with the disposal or retirement of an asset after its useful
life.
17. Asset Retirement is always Revenue generating only.
18. Financial reporting is broadly divided into displaying account information Or generating
financial statements.
19. Account information can be displayed at three levels: Balance, Line item and original FI
document.
20. Asset explorer provides an overview of all activities related to the asset Such as
Acquisition of data and planned and posted depreciation .
21. Financial Statements has two types only, Balance Sheet and Income Statement.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

15
 Extraaaa Questions
Sheet CH3

Choose:
1. ………. is used to record the financial impacts of business processes steps:
A) Bank ledger accounting
B) Accounts Receivables accounting
C) Accounts payable accounting
D) General Ledger
2. ………. Is associated with the fulfillment process and is used to manage money owed to
customers.
A) General Ledger
B) Accounts Receivables accounting
C) Accounts payable accounting
D) Bank Ledger
3. ……….. is associated with the procurement process and is used to manage money
owed to vendors.
a. Reconciliation accounts
b. Accounts receivables accounting
c. accounts payable accounting
d. bank ledger accounting
4. Which of the following is not a key process in financial accounting?
a. cost center b. accounts payable accounting
c. bank ledger accounting d. general ledger

16
5. Which of the following is a key process in financial accounting?
a. cost center.
b. Sales order processing.
c. Credit management.
d. general ledger.
6. Asset accounting is a key process in …………
a. Management accounting processes.
b. Project management processes.
c. financial accounting processes.
d. Sales order processes.
7. All of the following are organizational data associated with financial accounting
except:
a.client b. company code c. plant d. business area
8. …….. is Highest organizational level for financial reporting.
a.client b. company code c. plant d. business area
9. ……. Is internal division of an enterprise that are used to define areas of responsibility
or to meet the external reporting requirements of an enterprise segment.
a.cost center b. company code c. plant d. business area
10. which term refers to a listing of accounts that comprise a company’s general ledger?
a. Asset accounting b. chart of accounts c. Financial Statements d. Parallel Accounting
11. which term refers to an orderly definition of accounts in the general ledger?
a. Asset accounting b. chart of accounts c. Financial Statements d. Parallel Accounting
12. …….. contains the operational accounts that are used to record the financial impact of
an organization’s day to day transactions.
a. Group COA b. Operative COA c. Management COA d. Country-specific COA
13. multiple companies in an enterprise use …………. to merge their financial reporting.
a. Group COA b. Operative COA c. Management COA d. Country-specific COA
14. Data in the general ledger accounts are segmented by:

17
a.Chart of account segment.
b. client segment
c. Company code
d. all of the above
e. a and c only.
15. All business transactions related to accounting are recorded in……...
a. general ledger b. Accounts receivables c. accounts payable d. management
accounting accounting accounting
16. ……. Is Used to separate accounting for customers, vendors, and assets.
a.Reconciliation accounts b. bank ledger c. general ledger d. sub ledger
17. ………. Consolidate data from a group of related subledger accounts, such as customers
and vendors.
a.Reconciliation accounts b. bank ledger c. general ledger d. multi-sub ledgers
18. …….. is a Two-digit code that identifies the process that generated the document.
a.posting key b. document type c. header d. line item
19. …….. Determines the document item is posted as a debit or a credit.
a.posting key b. document type c. header d. line item
20. ……… Determines document number range and the account type that can be posted
to.
a.posting key b. document type c. header d. line item
21.When An organization implement multiple ledgers and use each ledger for different
purposes, this refers to:
a. financial accounting b. Management accounting c. parallel accounting d. cost
accounting
22. ………. is a type of parallel accounting used to post all transactions for the whole client.
a. One leading ledger. b. general ledger. c. Multiple ledgers. d. non-leading ledgers.
23. When each company code implements its own ledgers based on local accounting
standards, this is called:
a.One leading ledger. b. general ledger. c. Multiple ledgers. d. non-leading ledgers.

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24. ……. Is a location where costs are incurred.
a.cost management b. cost center c. cost accounting d. cost code
25. Which of the following is a reconciliation accounts Dealing with vendors?
a. general b. Accounts receivables c. accounts payable d. asset accounting
ledger accounting accounting
26. Which of the following is a reconciliation accounts Dealing with customers?
a. general ledger b. Accounts receivables accounting c. sub ledger d. asset accounting
27. Asset can be:
a.Tangible b. Intangible c. Financial d. all of the above e. a and c only
28. tangible assets can be all of the following except:
a.fixed assets. b. leased assets. c. assets under construction. d. financial.
29. Securities, long term notes and mortgages, are examples of:
a.Tangible assets b. Intangible assets c. financial assets d. all of the above
30. When Asset Acquisition is done via production process or project systems, this is …….
a. free Acquisition b. internal Acquisition c. additional Acquisition d. external
Acquisition
31. purchasing assets from an established vendor without using the purchasing process is a
a. free Acquisition b. internal Acquisition c. additional Acquisition d. external .
. Acquisition
32. Which term refers to the decrease in the value of an asset over time?
a.Asset Acquisition b. Asset Depreciation c. Asset Retirement d. Asset Explorer
33. every asset has a ………., which specifies how long the company expect using the asset.
a.book value. b. residual value. c. useful life. d. None of the above.

34. ……….. is the value of the asset after it is depreciated.

a.book value. b. residual value. c. useful life. d. None of the above.

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35. Which of the following Concerned with the disposal of an asset after its useful life?
a.Asset Acquisition b. Asset Depreciation c. Asset Retirement d. Asset Explorer
36. which of the following used to provide an overview of all activities related to the
asset?
a.Asset Acquisition. b. Asset Depreciation. c. Asset Retirement. d. Asset Explorer.
37. All of the Following are financial statements except:
a.Balance Sheet b. general ledger c. Income Statement d. Statement of cash flows
38. All of the following are transaction types that occur during the life of an asset except
a.Acquisition b. Depreciation c. Allocation d. Retirement
39. Which type of asset has a physical form?
a.Master asset b. Tangible asset c. Informal asset d. Intangible asset
40. Which type of asset has a non- physical form?
a.Intangible asset b. Master asset c. Tangible asset d. Informal asset

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
D B C A D C C B D B B B A E A D A B A B

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

C A D B C B D D C B D B C A C D B C B A

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TRUE AND FALSE:
1. Reporting within financial accounting is divided into two categories:
generating financial statements and displaying account information
2. General ledger accounting, Accounts receivable accounting, Accounts
payable accounting and Asset accounting are Key Management Accounting
Processes.
3. Accounting processes are broadly divided into two main categories:
Financial accounting and management accounting.
4. Financial reporting is broadly divided into displaying account information or
generating financial statements.
5. Financial accounting (FI) is concerned with recording the financial impacts
of business processes as they executed.
6. Asset explorer provides an overview of all activities related to the asset
Such as Acquisition.
7. Bank ledger accounting is used to record the financial impacts of business
process steps.
8. Accounts payable accounting is associated with the fulfillment process.
9. Financial Statements has two types only, Balance Sheet and Income
Statement.
10. Accounts receivables accounting is concerned with recording data
associated with bank transactions.
11. Asset accounting is used to record data related to the purchase, use, and
disposal of assets.
12. Asset Retirement is concerned with the disposal or retirement of an asset
after its useful life.
13. Accounts receivable accounting is concerned with customers.
14. computers, machinery, and building are Tangible assets.
15. Assets are assigned to company code and business area.

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16. Bank ledger accounting is a key process in management accounting.
17. Business area is the Highest organizational level for financial reporting.
18. Computer Center at the Faculty of Commerce is considered a business area
, so it can prepare its own financial reports.
19. Financial statements are generally prepared at the company code level.
20. A business area can be product line or geographic division cross company
codes.
21. There are five types of charts of accounts.
22. Intangible assets are physical items such as buildings, machinery, and
computers.
23. Tangible assets are non- physical items such as trademarks and patents.
24. Depreciation can be planned or unplanned.
25. Straight-line and Double-declining balance are Depreciation methods.
26. A company must use at least one chart of account.
27. A company Can’t use more than one chart of account to create alternate
ledgers.
28. All enterprises must maintain an operative COA, while group and country-
specific COAs are optional.
29. General ledger accounts are master data.
30. sub-ledgers Are part of the general ledger.
31. Reconciliation accounts Are part of general ledger.
32. Financial accounting content is defined by management needs.
33. Management accounting content is defined by laws and regulations.
34. Financial data Can be posted directly to The Reconciliation accounts.
35. Reconciliation accounts are used to separate accounting for customers,
vendors, and assets.

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36. Document Type Determines the document item is posted as a debit or a
credit.
37. Posting Keys Determines the document number range and the account type
that can be posted to.
38. An organization can implement multiple ledgers in parallel and use each
ledger for different purposes.
39. Within parallel accounting, one leading ledger mean each company
implement its own ledgers.
40. Most of the data used in management accounting are derived from
financial accounting.
41. a key function of financial accounting is to manage and allocate costs.
42. Cost center can be considered as a container or bucket that accumulates
costs.
43. Cost centers can be associated with departments such as marketing also
can be associated with individuals.
44. Business areas are internal divisions of an enterprise that are used to define
areas of responsibility or to meet the external reporting requirements of an
enterprise segment.
45. Accounts Payable Accounting Dealing with customers.
46. Trademarks is an example of Tangible Assets.
47. The organizational data associated with financial accounting are client,
company code, and business area.
48. Tangible assets have a nonphysical form.
49. The general ledger is used to record the financial impacts of business
process steps.
50. Intangible assets have nonphysical form.
51. Asset Acquisition must be via external processes.
52. Asset Acquisition can be via internal or external processes.

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53. To acquire assets, organization can purchase from a onetime vendor, or a
vendor for whom master data are not maintained.
54. Asset retirement always generate revenue.
55. Accounts payable accounting is concerned with vendors.
56. A chart of accounts (COA) is an ordered listing of accounts that comprise a
companyʹ s general ledger.
57. General ledger accounting, Accounts receivable accounting, Accounts
payable accounting and Asset accounting are Key Management Accounting
Processes.
58. Management Accounting (CO) is intended primarily for audiences outside
the organization.
59. Financial Statements has two types only, Balance Sheet and Income
Statement.
60. Reporting within financial accounting is divided into two categories:
generating financial statements and balance sheet is a type of financial
statements.
61. Balance sheet is a type of financial statements. T

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

T F T T T T F F F F T T T T T F F T T T
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

F F F T T T F T T F T F F F F F F T F T
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

F T T T F F T F T T F T T F T T F F F T

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