Geomorphology
Q1: Consider the following: (2024)
(i) Pyroclastic debris
(ii) Ash and dust
(iii) Nitrogen compounds
(iv) Sulphur compounds
How many of the above are products of
volcanic eruptions?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
Q2: Consider the following information:
(2024)
Region
Nameofthe
mountain
range
Typeof
mountain
1.
Central
Asia Vosges
Fold
mountain
2. Europe Alps Block
mountain
3. North
America Appalachians Fold
mountain
4. South
America
Andes
Fold
mountain
In how many of the above rows is the given
information correctly matched?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
Q3: Which one of the following is the best
example of repeated falls in sea level, giving
rise to present-day extensive marshland?
(2023)
(a) Bhitarkanika Mangroves
(b) Marakkanam Salt Pans
(c) Naupada Swamp
(d) Rann of Kutch
Q4: Ilmenite and rutile, abundantly
available in certain coastal tracts of India,
are rich sources of which one of the
following? (2023)
(a) Aluminium
(b) Copper
(c) Iron
(d) Titanium
Q5: Gandikota canyon of South India was
created by which one of the following
rivers? (2022)
(a) Cauvery
(b) Manjira
(c) Pennar
(d) Tungabhadra
Q6: With reference to India, consider the
following statements? (2022)
1. Monazite is a source of rare earths.
2. Monazite contains thorium.
3. Monazite occurs naturally in the entire
Indian coastal sands in India.
4. In India, Government bodies only can
process or export monazite.
Which of the statements given above are
correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q7: The black cotton soil of India has been
formed due to the weathering of (2021)
(a) brown forest soil
(b) fissure volcanic rock
(c) granite and schist
(d) shale and limestone
Q8: Consider the following rivers: (2021)
1. Brahmani
2. Nagavali
3. Subarnarekha
4. Vamsadhara
Which of the above rise from the Eastern
Ghats?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 3
Q9: Siachen Glacier is situated to the
(2020)
(a) East of Aksai Chin
(b) East of Leh
(c) North of Gilgit
(d) North of Nubra Valley
Q10: Consider the following pairs (2020)
Which of the pairs given above is/are
correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2 and 4 only
Q11: Consider the following statements:
(2018-I)
1. 2. 3. The Barren Island volcano is an active
volcano located in the Indian territory.
Barren Island lies about 140 km east of
Great Nicobar.
The last time the Barren Island volcano
erupted was in 1991 and it has
remained inactive since then.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 only
(d) 1 and 3
Q12: Which of the following phenomena
might have influenced the evolution of
organisms? (2014 - I)
1. Continental drift
2. Glacial cycles
Select the correct answer using the code
given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q13: In the structure of planet Earth, below
the mantle, the core is mainly made up of
which one of the following? (2009)
(a) Aluminium
(b) Chromium
(c) Iron
(d) Silicon
Q14: Where is the volcanic mountain,
Mount St. Helens located? (2005)
(a) Chile
(b) Japan
(c) Philippines
(d) United States of America
Q15: Quartzite is metamorphosed from:
(2001)
(a) limestone
(b) obsidian
(c) sandstone
(d) shale
Q16: Volcanic eruptions do not occur in:
(2001)
(a) Baltic Sea
(b) Black Sea
(b) Black Sea
(c) Caribbean Sea
(d) Caspian Sea
Q17: Consider the following statements
made about sedimentary rocks: (2001)
1. Sedimentary rocks are formed at the
earth's surface by the hydrological
system
2. Formation of sedimentary rocks
involves the weathering of preexisting
rocks
3. Sedimentary rocks contain fossils
4. Sedimentary rocks typically occur in
layers
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 4
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q18: Which one of the following types of
coal contains a higher percentage of carbon
than the rest? (1999)
(a) Bituminous coal
(b) Lignite
(c) Peat
(d) Anthracite
Geology and rock system
1. Which of the following is not a sedimentary rock?
A) Sandstone
B) Shale
C) Granite
D) Limestone
2. Which type of rock is formed by the alteration of pre-existing
rocks due to heat and pressure?
A) Igneous
B) Sedimentary
C) Metamorphic
D) Fossiliferous
3. What is the most abundant rock type in the Earth’s crust?
A) Igneous
B) Sedimentary
C) Metamorphic
D) Organic
4. Which mineral is commonly known as “fool’s gold”?
A) Pyrite
B) Chalcopyrite
C) Hematite
D) Galena
5. The process of formation of soil from the disintegration of rocks
is known as:
A) Erosion
B) Weathering
C) Sedimentation
D) Lithification
6. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of sedimentary
rocks?
A) Crystalline texture
B) Stratification
C) Glassy appearance
D) Vesicular structure
7. Marble is a metamorphic rock derived from which parent rock?
A) Limestone
B) Granite
C) Sandstone
D) Shale
8. Which of the following is an example of an extrusive igneous
rock?
A) Granite
B) Basalt
C) Gabbro
D) Diorite
9. The Mohs scale is used to measure which property of minerals?
A) Density
B) Hardness
C) Cleavage
D) Luster
10. Which sedimentary rock is composed primarily of compacted
clay particles?
A) Sandstone
B) Shale
C) Conglomerate
D) Limestone
11. What term describes the process by which sediments are
transformed into solid sedimentary rock?
A) Metamorphism
B) Lithification
C) Crystallization
D) Erosion
12. Which type of rock is characterized by a vesicular texture due to
trapped gas bubbles?
A) Obsidian
B) Pumice
C) Granite
D) Gneiss
13. Which of the following minerals is the chief component of
limestone?
A) Quartz
B) Feldspar
C) Calcite
D) Mica
14. Which rock type is most likely to contain fossils?
A) Igneous
B) Sedimentary
C) Metamorphic
D) None of the above
15. What is the term for molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface?
A) Lava
B) Magma
C) Basalt
D) Obsidian
17. What is the term for the large-scale movement of the Earth’s
lithospheric plates?
• A) Plate tectonics
• B) Continental drift
• C) Seafloor spreading
• D) Volcanism
18. Which type of rock forms when lava cools rapidly on the Earth’s
surface?
• A) Intrusive igneous rock
• B) Extrusive igneous rock
• C) Metamorphic rock
• D) Sedimentary rock
19. Which of the following best describes gneiss?
• A) A sedimentary rock
• B) A metamorphic rock
• C) An igneous rock
• D) A volcanic rock
20. Which mineral is commonly used in making glass?
• A) Quartz
• B) Feldspar
• C) Mica
• D) Calcite
21. Which rock type forms from the deposition of organic remains
like shells and corals?
• A) Igneous rock
• B) Metamorphic rock
• C) Clastic sedimentary rock
• D) Organic sedimentary rock
22. Which is the most abundant mineral in the Earth’s crust?
• A) Quartz
• B) Feldspar
• C) Mica
• D) Olivine
23. What is the name of the boundary where two tectonic plates
move apart?
• A) Transform boundary
• B) Convergent boundary
• C) Divergent boundary
• D) Subduction zone
24. Which rock type is often associated with petroleum reservoirs?
• A) Igneous
• B) Sedimentary
• C) Metamorphic
• D) Volcanic
25. Which metamorphic rock is commonly used for roofing and
flooring?
• A) Marble
• B) Slate
• C) Gneiss
• D) Quartzite
• Answer: B) Slate
26. Which process causes the Earth’s lithosphere to sink into the
mantle at a convergent boundary?
• A) Subduction
• B) Uplift
• C) Seafloor spreading
• D) Erosion
27. Which igneous rock is known for having large interlocking
crystals?
• A) Basalt
• B) Obsidian
• C) Granite
• D) Pumice
28. Which geological period is often referred to as the “Age of
Dinosaurs”?
• A) Cambrian
• B) Jurassic
• C) Cretaceous
• D) Triassic
29. What is the primary cause of earthquakes?
• A) Volcanic eruptions
• B) Tsunami waves
• C) Tectonic plate movements
• D) Weathering of rocks
30. What is the term for molten rock that has erupted onto the
Earth’s surface?
• A) Magma
• B) Lava
• C) Obsidian
• D) Ash
