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245 Topper 21 101 5 3 259 Basic Geometrical Ideas Up201506181308 1434613126 8084

The document outlines basic geometrical concepts, including definitions of points, lines, angles, polygons, and circles. It describes properties such as intersecting and parallel lines, types of curves, and specific characteristics of triangles and quadrilaterals. Additionally, it explains terms related to circles, such as radius, diameter, and sectors.

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17 views3 pages

245 Topper 21 101 5 3 259 Basic Geometrical Ideas Up201506181308 1434613126 8084

The document outlines basic geometrical concepts, including definitions of points, lines, angles, polygons, and circles. It describes properties such as intersecting and parallel lines, types of curves, and specific characteristics of triangles and quadrilaterals. Additionally, it explains terms related to circles, such as radius, diameter, and sectors.

Uploaded by

vaisakhimedia9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHS BASIC GEOMETRICAL IDEAS

Basic Geometrical Ideas

1. A point determines a location. It is denoted by a capital letter.

Point A, Point B

2. Shortest distance between two points is called line segment. The shortest distance between two points
A and B is denoted by AB .

3. A line is obtained when a line segment is extended on both sides indefinitely.

4. Two distinct lines meeting at a point are called intersecting lines.

5. Two lines in a plane are said to be parallel if they do not meet, howsoever far they are extended.

6. Three or more lines in a plane are said to be concurrent if all of them pass through the same point.

7. A ray is a portion of a line starting at a point and going in one direction endlessly.

8. Pictures that are the results of doodling are called curves.

9. A curve that does not cross itself is called simple curve.

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MATHS BASIC GEOMETRICAL IDEAS

10. A curve is said to be closed if its end points are joined. Otherwise, it is said to be open.

11. A polygon is a simple closed curve made up of line segments.


i. The line segments forming a polygon are called its sides.
ii. Any two sides with a common end point are adjacent sides.
iii. The meeting point of a pair of sides is called a vertex.
iv. The end points of the same side are adjacent vertices.
v. The joint of any two non-adjacent vertices is called a diagonal.

12. An angle is made up of two rays starting from a common end point. Two rays forming the angle are
called the arms or sides of the angle. The common end-point is the vertex of the angle.

13. A triangle is 3 sided polygon.

14. A quadrilateral is a 4 sided polygon.

15. A circle is the path of a point moving at the same distance from a fixed point. The fixed point is called
center of circle and fixed distance is called radius of circle.

The distance around a circle is called its circumference.

A chord of a circle is a line segment joining any two points on the circle.

A diameter is a chord passing through the centre of the circle

A sector is the region in the interior of a circle enclosed by an arc on one side and a pair of radii on the
other two sides.

A segment of a circle is a region in the interior of the circle enclosed by an arc and a chord.

The diameter of a circle divides it into two semi-circles.

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