Year 7

Mathematics
Unit 2 – Student

Name: _____________________

Class: ______________________
 Contents
1 Fractions

1.1 Shading Fractions

1.2 Equivalent Fractions
1.3 Simplifying Fractions
1.4 Comparing and Ordering Fractions
1.5 Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers
1.6 Adding and Subtracting Fractions
1.7 Multiplying Fractions
1.8 Reciprocals
1.9 Dividing Fractions
1.10 Fractions of Amounts
1.11 Increasing or Decreasing by a Fraction
1.12 Reverse Fractions of Amounts
1.13 Review and Problem Solving

2 Sequences

2.1 Finding the Next Term

2.2 Constant Difference
2.3 Term to Term Rule
2.4 Linear Sequences
2.5 Position to Term Rule
2.6 Generating Linear Sequences
2.7 Patterns
2.8 Review and Problem Solving

3 Written Calculations

3.1 Ordering Decimals

3.2 Adding Decimals
3.3 Subtracting Decimals
3.4 Multiplying Decimals
3.5 Dividing Decimals
3.6 Review and Problem Solving

Page 1
 1 Fractions

Numerator

3 Fraction Bar
(Vinculum)
4
Denominator

Page 2
 1.1 Shading Fractions
Fractions can be illustrated by dividing a shape into equal parts,
and shading a certain number of these parts. The denominator is
the number of equal parts that diagram has been cut into, and the
numerator is the number of equal parts that has been shaded.

Page 3
 Worked Example Your Turn
! %
a) Shade of the shape a) Shade of the shape
"# "#

! &
b) Shade $ of the shape b) Shade of the shape
#

Page 4
Fluency Practice

Page 5
Extension

Page 6
 1.2 Equivalent Fractions
Equivalent fractions are two or more fractions that have the same
value, even though they have different numerators and
denominators. Equivalent means equal.

Equivalent fractions help you to:

• Simplify and compare fractions.

• Add and subtract fractions.
• Share things equally between people, like pizza and sweets.

Page 7
 Worked Example Your Turn
Multiply these fractions so they Multiply these fractions so they
have a denominator of 8 have a denominator of 12

' '
a) a)
" "

& &
b) b)
# #

Page 8
Fluency Practice

Page 9
 Intelligent Practice
Multiply these fractions so they have Multiply these fractions so they have
a denominator of 30 a denominator of 24
! &
1) 1)
!" !&

! &
2) !#
2) '

! &
3) 3)
$ $

! &
4) 4)
" (

! &
5) 5)
% %

! %
6) &
6) &

% (
7) 7)
$ &

% $
8) 8)
" &

% $
9) 9)
!# %

% 10) 2
10) !"

' 11) 1
11)
!"
12) 0
'#
12)
!"#

Page 10
Extension

Page 11
 1.3 Simplifying Fractions
You can simplify a fraction if the numerator and denominator can
both be divided by the same number.

Page 12
 Worked Example Your Turn
Simplify: Simplify:

$ $
a) a)
"( ')

'" '"
b) b)
"( ')

Page 13
Fluency Practice

Page 14
 Intelligent Practice
Simplify (if possible) Simplify (if possible)
" !
1) '"
13) !

& (
2) 14)
'" !

# '!
3) 15)
'" !

! '#
4) 16)
'" #

'( '&
5) 17)
'" &

"( '"
6) 18)
"# "

'! '"
7) 19)
') '

&! '"
8) #"
20) ')

&! '"
9) 21) 3
#* ')

&! '"
10) 22) 6
!$ ')

!$ $'"
11) 23)
&! ')

&! $(&
12) 24)
&! ')

Page 15
Extension

Page 16
 Worked Example Your Turn
Express 50p as a fraction of £4. Express 20p as a fraction of £10.
Give your answer in its simplest Give your answer in its simplest
form. form.

Page 17
Fluency Practice

Page 18
Extension

Page 19
 1.4 Comparing and Ordering Fractions
Comparing fractions is important because it shows you how much
of the whole is being represented within each fraction.

Imagine you were sharing a cake. You would not want someone to
get a much bigger piece than you! When cutting cakes, you visually
compare fractions to make sure everyone gets an equal slice.

𝟏 𝟏
𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟕 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟖 𝟖 𝟖 𝟖 𝟖 𝟖 𝟖 𝟖
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐

Page 20
 Worked Example Your Turn
Circle the biggest fraction: Circle the biggest fraction:
& " # $
a) ! or ! a) % or %

& & & &

b) or b) or
! # '( %

& % " !
c) or c) or
! '( & *

& # " &

d) or d) or
! % & !

Page 21
 Comparing Fractions
Fluency Practice
Section A – using common denominators, circle the biggest fraction in each question.
5 3 3 5 5 3 10 3
1) 𝑜𝑟 2) 𝑜𝑟 3) 𝑜𝑟 4) 𝑜𝑟
8 8 8 8 8 4 16 4

2 7 5 11 5 9 4 20
5) 𝑜𝑟 6) 𝑜𝑟 7) 𝑜𝑟 8) 𝑜𝑟
3 12 6 12 6 12 5 25

Section B – using common numerators, circle the biggest fraction in each question.
3 3 3 3 3 6 9 6
1) 𝑜𝑟 2) 𝑜𝑟 3) 𝑜𝑟 4) 𝑜𝑟
10 5 5 10 8 15 24 15

2 8 18 6 18 6 4 20
5) 𝑜𝑟 6) 𝑜𝑟 7) 𝑜𝑟 8) 𝑜𝑟
3 11 21 8 25 8 5 25

Section C – using either method, circle the biggest fraction in each question.
3 6 5 7 2 5 2 4
1) 𝑜𝑟 2) 𝑜𝑟 3) 𝑜𝑟 4) 𝑜𝑟
10 15 6 12 3 7 3 7

4 12 14 7 11 5 3 4
5) 𝑜𝑟 6) 𝑜𝑟 7) 𝑜𝑟 8) 𝑜𝑟
7 20 21 15 14 7 5 7

Section D Circle the fractions that are bigger than a half

4 5 6 2 3 4 3 5 6 8 22
10 10 10 5 5 5 7 9 14 15 43

What method did you use? This could be a useful first step when ordering several fractions.

Page 22
 Worked Example Your Turn
Arrange the following fractions Arrange the following fractions
in ascending order: in ascending order:
& ! ' # ! % & $
a) , , , a) , , ,
'( '( '( '( ) ) ) )

' & & % ' ! & %

b) , , , b) , , ,
" ! # '( " $ # )

Page 23
Fluency Practice

Page 24
Maths Venns

Page 25
Maths Venns

Page 26
Maths Venns

Page 27
 1.5 Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers
'
2 is an example of a mixed number. This is when whole numbers
"
and fractions are written together.

!
The same fraction can also be shown as an improper fraction, .
"
This is worth the same amount as the mixed number, but does not
separate between whole numbers and parts. Improper fractions
have numerators which are bigger than or equal to the
denominators.

Improper fractions are sometimes called top-heavy fractions.

Page 28
 Frayer Model – Improper Fraction

Definition Characteristics
A fraction where the • Positive improper fractions
numerator is greater than or are greater than or equal
equal to the denominator. to 1.

Examples Non Examples

'$ )
• ) • "$
'(' "
• !"
• &
! %
• • *
&
) *
• •
# '#
'" &
• •
" '#
"( '
• • 1
'' "
" !
• • 15
' $
' "
• • 3
' &
• 1 $
• 10
%
"
• 5!
''
• 6 '"

Page 29
 Frayer Model – Mixed Number

Definition Characteristics
A number made up of an • Is the result of adding the
integer and fractional part. integer and fraction parts.
• Negative signs apply to
both the integer and
fractional parts.

Examples Non Examples

' )
• 1" • #
! "
• 15 •
$ '
" %
• 3 •
& !
$ &
• 10 •
% "
" '
• 5 •
! '
'' • 1
• 6
'"
)
• "$
"
•
&
%
•
*
*
•
'#
&
•
'#

Page 30
 Worked Example Your Turn
$ '&
Convert into a mixed number Convert into a mixed number
! !

Page 31
Fluency Practice

Page 32
 Intelligent Practice
Convert the following improper fractions into mixed numbers:
%
1) #

*
2)
#

*
3)
)

')
4)
)

&$
5)
)

&$
6)
#

&$
7)
"

&%
8)
"

&%
9)
&

&%+
10)
&

%#+
11) &

%#+
12)
&+

Page 33
 Worked Example Your Turn
' '
Convert 1 into an improper Convert 2 into an improper
& &
fraction fraction

Page 34
Fluency Practice

Page 35
 Intelligent Practice
Convert the following mixed numbers into improper fractions:
'
1) 1 !

'
2) 2
!

'
3) 3
!

"
4) 3
!

&
5) 3
!

&
6) 3
'(

&
7) 3
*

&
8) 4 *

+
9) 4
*

*
10) 4
+

Page 36
Extension

Page 37
 1.6 Adding and Subtracting Fractions
Fractions with the same denominators can be added (or
subtracted) by adding (or subtracting) the numerators.

If two fractions do not have the same denominator, then find a

common denominator by making equivalent fractions.

Page 38
 Which Denominator?
2 1
− = −
3 3

2 1
− = −
3 6

2 1
+ = −
3 6

2 1
+ = −
9 6

2 1
+ = −
9 5

Page 39
 Questions
3 3
+ = +
5 5

3 1
+ = +
5 5

3 1
− = −
5 5

3 1
− = −
5 10

3 3
− = −
5 10

3 3
− = −
5 25

3 3
− = −
10 25

3 3
− = −
25 10

3 3
− = −
25 20

3 3
− = −
25 4

3 3
− = −
5 4

3 3
− = −
6 4

Page 40
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
" ' " '
a) ! + & a) & + !

" ' " '

b) − b) −
! & & !

Page 41
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate:

' " " '

1) + 11) −
% ! ! %

" ' ' "

2) + 12) −
! % % !

" " " "

3) !
+% 13) −
! %

" " " "

4) + 14) −
! & & !

' " " '

5) + 15) −
# & & #

& " " &

6) + 16) −#
# & &

& " & "

7) + 17) −
# ! # &

& " & "

8) + 18) −
#( ! # "(

& & & &

9) + 19) −
# ! # !

& $ & *
10) #
+ '( 20) −
# '!

Page 42
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
' " ' "
a) 2 " + 3 ! a) 2 & + 3 !

' " ' "

b) 2 − 1 b) 2 − 1
" ! & !

Page 43
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate:

' ' ' '

1) 1 + 1 7) 2 − 1
" & " &

' ' ' '

2) 1 + 1 8) 2 − 1
" # " #

' ' ' '

3) 1 " + 1 ! 9) 2 − 2
" #

' ' ' '

4) 2 + 2 10) 2 − 2
" ! # "

' ' ' '

5) 2 + 1 11) 3 − 2
% & ! "

+ "+ "+ +
6) 1 + 1 12) 2 −1
" + " "

Page 44
Fluency Practice

Page 45
Extension

Page 46
Extension

Page 47
 1.7 Multiplying Fractions
When multiplying fractions, multiply the numerators together and
multiply the denominators together, then simplify, or it is
sometimes easier to simplify first.

Page 48
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
2 1 2 5
× ×
3 6 3 6

Page 49
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate:

" ' " &

1) × 10) ×
& '( " &

' ' " '

2) × 11) ×
& '( & &

# ' " '(

3) &
× '(
12) ×
& &

# '( " '((

4) × 13) ×
& '( & &

# " " &

5) × 14) ×
& " & '((

# " " %
6) × 15) ×
& ' % '((

# & " &%

7) × 16) ×
& ' &% '((

# &
8) ×
& #

" &
9) ×
& "

Page 50
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
" "! " "!
a) ! × ') a) ! × '$

' ! ' &

b) 4 × 5 b) 4 × 6
! % ! %

Page 51
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate:

" & & '$

1) × 10) 3 ×
* # ) '!

" & & '

2) × 11) 3 × 1
* ) ) '!

# & & "

3) *
× '$ 12) 3 × 1
) &(

# &
4) ×
"% '$

# *
5) ×
"% '$

) *
6) ×
"% '$

) '!
7) "%
× '$

'$ '!
8) ×
"% '$

"% '$
9) ×
) '!

Page 52
Page 53
Extension

Challenge:
1 2 3 4 5 998
× × × × × ⋯× =
3 4 5 6 7 1000
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
1 2 1 2
1 × ×1
3 5 3 5

Page 54
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate:

' ' ' #

1) 1 × 10) 4 × 1
" # ! !

' ' ' #

2) ×1 11) 4 × 1
# " ! %

& ' ' #

3) #
× 1" 12) 4 × 2
! %

' &
4) 2 ×
" #

' &
5) 2 ×
" !

' #
6) 2 " × !

' #
7) 2 ×
& !

' #
8) 4 ×
& !

' #
9) 4 × 1
& !

Page 55
Fluency Practice

Page 56
Extension

Page 57
 1.8 Reciprocals
The reciprocal of a number is the number you would have to
multiply it by to get the answer 1.

Page 58
 Worked Example Your Turn
Write the reciprocals of: Write the reciprocals of:
a) 6 a) 7

' '
b) b)
$ %

! "
c) c)
$ %

Page 59
Fluency Practice

Page 60
Extension

Page 61
 1.9 Dividing Fractions
For dividing fractions, keep the first fraction as it is, change the
divide sign to a multiply and flip the second fraction upside down.

Page 62
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
1 1 1 2
÷ ÷
5 3 5 3

Page 63
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate:

' ' $ '

1) ÷ 10) ÷
# & $ "

' ' $ '

2) ÷ 11) ÷
# ! $ &

' ' ! '

3) #
÷) 12) ÷&
$

' & ! &

4) ÷ 13) ÷
# ) $ &

' & ' &

5) ÷ 14) ÷
# % $ &

' & ' )

6) ÷ 15) ÷
# $ $ )

& ' ' )

7) ÷ 16) ÷
$ # $ '

! '
8) ÷
$ #

$ '
9) ÷
$ #

Page 64
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
' "
a) ! ÷ 2 a) ! ÷ 2

' "
b) 2 ÷ b) 2 ÷
! !

Page 65
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate: Calculate:

" "
1) ÷3 1) 3 ÷
! !

& &
2) ÷3 2) 3 ÷
! !

! !
3) ÷3 3) 3 ÷
& &

& &
4) ÷3 4) 3 ÷
$ $

! !
5) ÷3 5) 3 ÷
$ $

'( '(
6) ÷3 6) 3 ÷
'" '"

'( '(
7) '"
÷ 30 7) 30 ÷ '"

! !
8) ÷ 30 8) 30 ÷
$ $

! !
9) ÷ 15 9) 15 ÷
$ $

'( '(
10) ÷ 15 10) 15 ÷
$ $

) )
11) ÷ 15 11) 15 ÷
$ $

Page 66
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
2 1 2 2
2 ÷ 2 ÷
3 5 3 5

Page 67
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate:

" ' & &

1) ÷2 9) − ÷ 2
& ! ! #

" ' # #
2) 1 ÷ 2 10) ÷ −2
& ! ! '!

" ' # #
3) 2 & ÷ 2 ! 11) −2 ! ÷ −2 '!

" ' # )
4) 2 ÷ 1 12) −2 ÷ −3
& ! ! '!

" ' " "

5) ÷2 13) ÷2
! & % %

" ' " "

6) 3 ÷ 2 14) 2 ÷ −2
! & % %

" ' " "

7) 3 ÷ 3 15) −4 ÷ −2
! & % %

" " " "

8) ÷3 16) −4 ÷ −1
! & % %

Page 68
Fluency Practice

Page 69
Extension

Page 70
Extension

Page 71
 1.10 Fractions of Amounts
When we find a fraction of an amount, we are working out how
much that 'part' is worth within the whole.

You can see fractions of amounts all around us:

' '
• Shops have sales that say, “ price!” or “ free!”
" &
• You might use fractions when baking, for example, “add half a
'
teaspoon of salt” or “use a of a kilogram of flour”.
#

Page 72
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
& "
a) # of 24 a) & of 24

% !
b) of 24 b) of 24
# &

Page 73
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate:

' &
1) of 60 10) of 5
! "

' "
2) of 30 11) of 5
! &

" " '

3) !
of 30 12) of
& "

"(
4) of 30
!

"(
5) of 30
!(

"(
6) of 300
!(

"
7) of 300
!

"
8) of 3
!

&
9) of 2
!

Page 74
Fluency Practice

Page 75
Extension

Page 76
Extension

Page 77
 1.11 Increasing or Decreasing by a Fraction
When finding a fraction of an amount, the key rule to remember is
to divide the amount by the denominator and multiply your answer
by the numerator.

If asked to increase or decrease an amount by a fraction make sure

you add or subtract from the original amount at the end of the
question!

Page 78
 Worked Example Your Turn
' #
a) Increase 60 by a) Increase 60 by
! !

' &
b) Decrease 100 by b) Decrease 200 by
! !

Page 79
Fluency Practice

Page 80
 Intelligent Practice
' '
1) Increase 24 by 1) Decrease 28 by
& %

" !
2) Increase 24 by 2) Decrease 28 by
& %

' '
3) Increase 12 by 3) Decrease 14 by
& %

" "
4) Increase 12 by 4) Decrease 14 by
& %

"( $
5) Increase 12 by 5) Decrease 14 by 2
& %

"( "(
6) Increase 120 by &( 6) Decrease 140 by %(

' '
7) Increase 64 by 7) Decrease 36 by
) #

& &
8) Increase 64 by 8) Decrease 36 by
) #

&( '
9) Increase 64 by )
9) Decrease 16 by #

& &
10) Increase 6.4 by 10) Decrease 16 by
) #

' '
11) Increase £800 by 11) Decrease 150kg by
# !

! '
12) Increase £800 by 12) Decrease 1.50kg by
# !

Page 81
Extension

Page 82
1.12 Reverse Fractions of Amounts

Page 83
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the value of 𝑥: Find the value of 𝑥:
" &
a) ! of 𝑥 is 12 a) # of 𝑥 is 15

$ !
b) of 𝑥 is 12 b) of 𝑥 is 15
! #

Page 84
 Intelligent Practice
Find the value of 𝑥:

' !
1) of 𝑥 is 6 10) of 𝑥 is 2
" #

' !
2) of 𝑥 is 6 11) of 𝑥 is 5
& #

' +
3) of 𝑥 is 6 12) of 4 is 5
# #

' +
4) of 𝑥 is 3 13) #
of 4 is 20
#

& +
5) of 𝑥 is 3 14) of 8 is 20
# #

& +
6) of 𝑥 is 30 15) of 8 is 20
# $

!
7) of 𝑥 is 30
#

!
8) of 𝑥 is 20
#

!
9) of 𝑥 is 200
#

Page 85
Fluency Practice

Page 86
Extension

Page 87
1.13 Review and Problem Solving

Page 88
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
" ' ' &
a) & × ! a) $ × #

" ' ' &

b) − b) −
& ! $ #

" ' ' &

c) ÷ c) ÷
& ! $ #

Page 89
 Intelligent Practice
Calculate:

& ' & "

1) + 10) Increase by
# & # !

& ' & "

2) × 11) Decrease by
# & # !

& ' & "

3) #
÷& 12)
#
' &
4) ÷ & "
& # 13) 3
#
' &
5) − &
& # 14) !
"
' &
6) 1 −
& #

' & "

7) 1 − ×
& # !

& "
8) of
# !

& "
9) more than
# !

Page 90
 Fill In The Blanks…
Fill in the Blanks
Adding and Subtracting Fractions

With a Common Unsimplified Simplified Answer

Question
Denominator Answer (where possible)

1 1 2 1 3
+ +
3 6 6 6 6
1 2 3
+ +
4 3 12
2 1
+ +
5 4
5 1
− −
6 2
7 2
− −
8 3
7 3
− −
9 4
14 24 24
+ +
35 35 35
6
− −
20
7 2
+ +
24 3
13 7
− −
15 10
3 5 9
+ + + +
10 20 10
2
+ − + −
3

Page 91
 Fill In The Blanks…
Fill in theFractions
Dividing Blanks
Equivalent Unsimplified Simplified Answer
Division
Multiplication Answer (where possible)

2 2 1 2
÷6 ×
3 3 6 18
2 2 1
÷4 ×
5 5 4
5
÷ 10
8
7 3 7 4
÷ ×
10 4 10 3
6 2
÷
11 3
1 4
÷
10 5
7 3
÷
10 4
2 6
×
9 5
3 12
×
8 24
2 15
÷
5 20
5 10
×
12 12
1 3
×
3 10

Page 92
 Fill in the Gaps

Q Original Amount Fraction Of New Amount Change

1
1 £60
4
2 £60 £20

3 £60 − £20

2
4 £20
3

5 £30 £12

2
6 £18
5
7 £18 − £45

6
8 − £45
7
9 £315 − £0

8
10 £315
7
11 £315 £585

12 £315 + £780.75

Page 93
Four Digits, Two Fractions

Page 94
Multiplying Mixed Numbers

Page 95
 2 Sequences
A sequence is simply an ordered list of items (possibly infinitely
long), usually with some kind of pattern.

Each item in a sequence is called a term.

Page 96
 Special Sequences
Find the next two terms in each sequence and name the sequence:

• 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, …

• 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, …

• 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, …

• 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, …

• 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, …

• 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, …

• 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, …

• 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, …

• 1, 11, 21, 1211, 111221, …

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgqEaUT8Qo0&feature=youtu.be&t=780

Page 97
2.1 Finding the Next Term

Page 98
 Fluency Practice
Use the common difference to work out the next term:

1) 13, 20, 27, 34, … 13) 24, 21, 18, 15, …

2) 7, 11, 15, 19, … 14) 72, 63, 54, 45, …

3) 6, 11, 16, 21, … 15) 12, 10, 8, 6, …

4) 9, 17, 25, 33, … 16) 24, 16, 8, 0, …

5) 12, 16, 20, 24, … 17) −1, −3, −5, −7, …

6) 10, 16, 22, 28, … 18) −49, −58, −67, −76, …

7) −4, 4, 12, 20, … 19) −18, −21, −24, −27, …

8) 8, 13, 18, 23, … 20) −8, −6, −4, −2, …

9) 27, 35, 43, 51, … 21) −9.5, −15.5, −21.5, −27.5, …

10) 7, 12, 17, 22, … 22) 7.5, 17.5, 27.5, 37.5, …

11) 8, 15, 22, 29, … 23) −15, −9.5, −4, 1.5, …

12) 5, 9, 13, 17, …

Page 99
Fluency Practice

Page 100
 2.2 Constant Difference
What is the constant difference in the sequence?

• The 17th term is 52 and the 18th term is 56

• The 15th term is 61 and the 18th term is 76

• The 10th term is 52 and the 18th term is 76

• The 10𝑡h term is 52 and the 22nd term is 76

• The 19th term is 52 and the 18th term is 76

Page 101
 1) What is the constant difference in the sequence? 2) Fill in the blanks so that the sequence increases by…
a) The 7th term is 20 and the 10th term is 32
a) +3
b) The 7th term is 20 and the 10th term is 35 b) +4
c) The 7th term is 20 and the 10th term is 38 c) -4
d) -2
d) The 7th term is 20 and the 13th term is 38 !
e) +
"
e) The 7th term is 20 and the 13th term is 41
15th term = __ 20___ 16th term = ________
f) The 7th term is 20 and the 13th term is 44
g) The 7th term is 20 and the 14th term is 48 15th term = __ 20___ 19th term = ________
h) The 7th term is 20 and the 15th term is 52
15th term = ___20___ 20th term = ________
i) The 7th term is 20 and the 23rd term is 52
20th term = ___20___ 25th term = ________
j) The 7th term is 20 and the 31st term is 52
k) The 7th term is 20 and the 39th term is 52 15th term = ________ 20th term = __ 20 ___

Page 102
l) The 7th term is 52 and the 39th term is 20 th
15th term = __ 20 ___ term = __80___
m) The 8th term is 52 and the 40th term is 20
n) The 8th term is 51 and the 40th term is 19 __th term = __ 20___ 20th term = __ 80 ___
Intelligent Practice

o) The 8th term is 60 and the 40th term is 12

 2.3 Term to Term Rule
Some sequences we can generate by stating a rule to say how to
generate the next term given the previous term(s).

𝟑, 𝟕, 𝟏𝟏, 𝟏𝟓, 𝟏𝟗 …

What is the rule, in words, for this sequence?

We add 4 each time.

The problem is that this also describes many other sequences.

Can you think of another sequence that adds 4 every time?

We need to both state our rule and our starting term.

A better rule for this sequence would be:

Start with 3, add 4 each time.

Page 103
 Fluency Practice
State the rule, in words, for each sequence:

1) 13, 20, 27, 34, … 13) 4, 8, 16, 32, …

2) 7, 11, 15, 19, … 14) 64, 32, 16, 8, …

3) 6, 11, 16, 21, … 15) 3, 12, 48, 192, …

4) 9, 17, 25, 33, … 16) 50, 10, 2, 0.4, …

5) 12, 16, 20, 24, … 17) −1, −3, −5, −7, …

6) 10, 16, 22, 28, … 18) −49, −58, −67, −76, …

7) −4, 4, 12, 20, … 19) −18, −21, −24, −27, …

8) 8, 13, 18, 23, … 20) −8, −6, −4, −2, …

9) 24, 21, 18, 15, … 21) −9.5, −15.5, −21.5, −27.5, …

10) 72, 63, 54, 45, … 22) 7.5, 17.5, 27.5, 37.5, …

11) 12, 10, 8, 6, … 23) −15, −9.5, −4, 1.5, …

12) 24, 16, 8, 0, …

Page 104
Fluency Practice

Page 105
 Term to Term Rule
What might be the disadvantage of using a term-to-term rule?

To get a particular term in the sequence, we have to generate all

the terms in the sequence before it. This is rather slow if you say
want to know the 1000th term!

Page 106
 2.4 Linear Sequences
Definition Characteristics

A sequence where the • Also called arithmetic

difference between any two sequence.
adjacent terms is equal.
• Each term can be found by
adding or subtracting the
same number to a
previous term.

• Has position to term rule

in the form 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑏.
Examples Non Examples

• 1, 2, 3, 4, … • 4, 5, 7, 10, …

• −10, −6, −2, 2, … • 2, 4, 8, 16, …

• 7, 2, −3, −8, … • 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, …

• 3.2, 3.8, 4.4, 5, … • 9, 6, 9, 6, …

Page 107
 Questions
Put the following sequences in the correct column:
• 2, 4, 6, 8, …

• −3, −10, −17, −24, …

• 31, 32, 33, 34, …

• 1, 4, 9, 16, …

• 8, 16, 24, 32, …

• 100, 80, 70, 65, …

• 7, −7, 7, −7, …

• 7, 15, 23, 31, …

• 2, 5, 9, 14, …

• 𝑎, 𝑎 + 3, 𝑎 + 6, 𝑎 + 9, …

• 7, 2.5, −2, −6.5, …

Linear Sequences Not Linear Sequences

Page 108
 2.5 Position to Term Rule
It is sometimes more helpful to be able to generate a term of a
formula based on its position in the sequence.

We could use it to say find the 300th term of a sequence without

having to write all the terms out!

We use 𝒏 to mean the position in the sequence. So, if we want the

3rd term, 𝑛 = 3.

The position to term rule is also called the 𝒏th term rule.

This year, we will only look at how to work out the position to term
rule for linear sequences.

Page 109
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the 𝑛th term rule: Find the 𝑛th term rule:

a) 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, … a) 11, 18, 25, 32, 39, …

b) −6, 1, 8, 15, 22, … b) −3, 4, 11, 18, 25, …

c) 36, 29, 22, 15, 8, … c) 39, 32, 25, 18, 11, …

Page 110
 Sequence nth term rule Sequence nth term rule

A1. 5, 8, 11, 14, 17 … B1. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 …

A2. 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 … B2. −1, −3, −5, −7, −9 …

A3. 2, 5, 9, 11, 15 … B3. −2, −4, −6, −8, −10 …

A4. 2, 6, 10, 14, 18 … B4. 10, 8, 6, 4, 2 …

A5. 2, 7, 12, 17, 22 … B5. −10, −8, −6, −4, −2 …

A: Positive integers
B: Including negatives
A6. 4, 14, 24, 34, 44 … B6. −5, −4, −3, −2, −1 …

A7. −6, 4, 14, 24, 34 … B7. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Sequence nth term rule Sequence nth term rule

Page 111
C1. 5, 11, 17, 23, 29 … D1. 13, 14, 15, 16,17 …

C2. 2.5, 5.5, 8.5, 11.5, 14.5 … D2. 314, 312, 334, 4,414, …
Intelligent Practice

C3. 4.5, 7.5, 10.5, 13.5, 16.5 … D3. 3, 314, 312, 334, 4, …
C4. 0.9, 1.5, 2.1, 2.7, 3.3 … D4. 9, 934, 1012, 1114, 12, …
C5. −0.1, 0.5, 1.1, 1.7, 2.3 … D5. 12, 1114, 1012, 934, 9, …
D: Including factions

C: Including decimals
C6. 2.3, 1.7, 1.1, 0.5, −0.1 D6. 12, 1115, 1025, 935, 845, …
C7. 2.3, 1.6, 0.9, 0.2, −0.5 … D7. 8
1213, 1115 , 1011 , 914, 9 2 , …
15 15 15
Fluency Practice

Page 112
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the 𝑛th term rule: Find the 𝑛th term rule:

5 7 9 11 6 8 10 12
, , , ,… , , , ,…
12 19 26 33 13 20 27 34

Page 113
Fluency Practice

Page 114
 2.6 Generating Linear Sequences
To generate a term of a linear sequence, substitute 𝑛 (the position
number) into the 𝑛th term rule.

Page 115
 Worked Example Your Turn
Generate the first 5 terms of the Generate the first 5 terms of the
following sequence: following sequence:

5𝑛 + 3 6𝑛 − 3

Page 116
 Intelligent Practice
Generate the first 5 terms of each sequence:

1) 2𝑛 '
10) 𝑛 + 10
"

2) 3𝑛 '
11) 𝑛+5
"
3) 4𝑛
'
12) − 𝑛 + 5
"
4) 4𝑛 + 1
'
13) − 𝑛 − 5
5) 4𝑛 + 7 "

6) 4𝑛 − 2 14) −𝑛 − 5

7) 4𝑛 − 10 15) −7𝑛 − 5

8) 𝑛 − 10 16) −14𝑛 − 10

9) 𝑛 + 10

Page 117
Fluency Practice

Page 118
Extension

Page 119
Maths Venns

Page 120
Maths Venns

Page 121
 2.7 Patterns
What are the next two pictures in this sequence?

It is the numbers 1, 2, 3, … but reflected. Sneaky!

Page 122
 Worked Example

a) Draw the next pattern.

b) How many squares are in the 𝑛th pattern?
c) How many squares in the 50th pattern?
d) Which pattern will use 145 squares?

Page 123
 Your Turn

a) Draw the next pattern.

b) How many squares are in the 𝑛th pattern?
c) How many squares in the 50th pattern?
d) Which pattern will use 154 squares?

Page 124
 Fluency Practice
Sequences – Patterns Questions

Page 125
2.8 Review and Problem Solving

Page 126
 Fill In The Blanks…
Fill in theSequences
Continuing Blanks

First Five Terms of Sequence Term-to-Term Rule

6 10 14

5 3 1

3 5

1 3 9

1.5 1.7 2.1

7 2 −3

80 40 20
1
1 1
2
8 𝑎𝑑𝑑 3

2 𝑎𝑑𝑑 7

4 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 2

2.5 𝑎𝑑𝑑 0.5

5 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 2.5

2 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑦 2

100 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑏𝑦 10

−4 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 3

Page 127
 Q
%'#( %- %'#(
!"#$% & %'#($ )%* %'#( #+,' .$% %'#( ./%* %'#( 01%* %'#(
#+,'
1 5, 9, 13, 17, …

2 4) + 3

3 8, 13, 18, 23, …

4 5) − 3

5 +6 2

6 +6 52

Page 128
7 −1 26
Fill in the Gaps

8 28 66

9 8 − 2)

10 7, 6, 5, 4, …

11 7 −20

12 −20 −67.5
 Linear Sequences

Term-to-Term Sum of the

First Five Terms 10th Term 30th Term nth Term
Rule First 5 Terms

3, 5, 7, 9, 11 2𝑛 + 1

7, 10, 13, 16, 19

8, 𝑎𝑑𝑑 5

40, 36, 32, 28, 24 44 − 4𝑛

25, 22, 19, 16, 13

7, 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 2

27, 31

Page 129
35 3𝑛 +

20 − 6𝑛
Fill in the Blanks

𝑎𝑑𝑑 1 35
3 Written Calculations

Page 130
 3.1 Ordering Decimals
Ordering decimals involves comparing digits in the same columns,
starting with the digits in the place value column that is furthest to
the left.

To make it easier to compare, make sure all the decimals have the
same number of decimal places by adding zeros to the end if you
need to.

Page 131
 Worked Example Your Turn
Write the following numbers in Write the following numbers in
ascending order: ascending order:
a) 0.582, 0.825, 0.528, 0.285 a) 0.671, 0.716, 0.176, 0.617

b) 0.79, 0.8, 0.7, 0.71 b) 0.6, 0.59, 0.7, 0.61

c) 0.5037, 0.5, 0.53, 0.503, 0.5007 c) 0.2089, 0.2, 0.28, 0.208, 0.2009

Page 132
Fluency Practice

Page 133
Extension

Page 134
Maths Venns

Page 135
 3.2 Adding Decimals
Adding decimals works exactly the same way as adding whole
numbers.

When adding decimals it is important to keep the decimal points in

line with each other.

Page 136
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
a) 0.27 + 3 a) 2.27 + 1
b) 0.27 + 0.3 b) 0.17 + 0.4
c) 0.27 + 0.9 c) 0.57 + 0.6
d) 0.27 + 0.94 d) 0.37 + 0.84

Page 137
Fluency Practice

Page 138
Extension

Page 139
 3.3 Subtracting Decimals
Subtracting decimals works exactly the same way as subtracting
whole numbers.

When subtracting decimals it is important to keep the decimal

points in line with each other.

Page 140
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
a) 3.27 − 3 a) 2.97 − 2
b) 0.27 − 0.1 b) 0.97 − 0.8
c) 0.27 − 0.15 c) 0.97 − 0.85
d) 0.27 − 0.18 d) 1.97 − 1.88

Page 141
Fluency Practice

Page 142
Extension

Page 143
 3.4 Multiplying Decimals
Multiplying decimals works the same way as multiplying whole
numbers.

When multiplying decimals, add up the number of digits after the

decimal points in the question. This number tells you the number
of decimal places you should have in your answer.

Page 144
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
a) 0.3 × 0.4 a) 0.6 × 0.2
b) 3 × 0.4 b) 6 × 0.2
c) 3.8 × 0.4 c) 7.6 × 0.2
d) 60 × 1.5 d) 20 × 1.5

Page 145
Fluency Practice

Page 146
Fluency Practice

Page 147
Extension

Page 148
Extension

Page 149
 3.5 Dividing Decimals
Dividing decimals by whole numbers works the same way as
dividing whole numbers except, just like addition and subtraction of
decimals, the decimal point must be kept in line.

Equivalent fractions can be used to divide numbers by decimals.

Page 150
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate: Calculate:
a) 1.2 ÷ 3 a) 1.2 ÷ 6
b) 1.2 ÷ 0.4 b) 1.2 ÷ 0.2

Page 151
Fluency Practice

Page 152
Fluency Practice

Page 153
Extension

Page 154
Extension

Page 155
3.6 Review and Problem Solving

Page 156
Nearest To

Page 157
Six Digits

Page 158