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1.Unit 8.1 Practice

The document covers concepts related to linear regression in AP Statistics, including scatterplots, correlation, least squares regression line (LSRL), residuals, and practical applications. It provides examples and exercises involving age and income, calories burned by a runner, and fuel economy for vehicles. Key components such as interpreting slope and y-intercept, calculating correlation, and predicting values are emphasized.

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10 views

1.Unit 8.1 Practice

The document covers concepts related to linear regression in AP Statistics, including scatterplots, correlation, least squares regression line (LSRL), residuals, and practical applications. It provides examples and exercises involving age and income, calories burned by a runner, and fuel economy for vehicles. Key components such as interpreting slope and y-intercept, calculating correlation, and predicting values are emphasized.

Uploaded by

pluckiducky
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AP Statistics Name __________________________________

Unit 8.1 Linear Regression

Scatterplot

• Variables

● Describing a Scatterplot:

● Example:

Description

Correlation

• Properties of r

1. __________________________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________________________________

• Interpreting r:

• Interpreting :
Least Squares Regression line (LSRL)

• Equation

• Slope

• Y- intercept

Residuals

• Formula

o Negative residual – __________________________________________________________________


o Positive residual – ___________________________________________________________________
● Example:
The least squares regression equation used to predict someone’s height based on handspan is 𝑦̂ = 140 + 3.33𝑥
where y = height (cm) and x = handspan (cm). Calculate the residual for someone who has a handspan of 18cm
and a height of 140cm.
1.

Age(yr) Income(thousands)
20 18.5
25 23.6
30 29.8
35 38.5
40 49.0
45 64.1
50 78.5
55 102.0
60 130.8

A. Make a sketch of the following scatterplot.

B. Write the equation of the line of regression. Make sure to define the variables. _______________________________

C. Explain what the slope means in this context __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

D. Explain what the y-intercept means in this context. ______________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

E. Find the correlation, r, between age and income. ______________________________________________________

F. Explain the meaning of in this context. ___________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

G. Use your equation to predict the income of a person who is age 37. _______________________________________

H. Find the residual for this value if you are given the data point (37, 60,000) _________________________________

I. Has the original estimate overestimated or underestimated a person’s income? _____________________________


2. Michael is a runner. He uses his Apple watch to keep track of his distance and the number of calories he burns for 20 runs.
A scatterplot of y = calories burned and x = distance (in miles) shows a fairly strong, positive linear relationship. The
regression equation 𝑦̂ = 20 + 160𝑥 models the data fairly well.
a. Interpret the slope of the regression line.

b. Does the value of the y intercept have meaning in this context? If so, interpret the y intercept. If not,
explain why.

c. Predict the number of calories Michael burns if he runs 5 miles.

d. Calculate and interpret the residual if his Apple watch said that he burned 910 calories on a 5-mile run.

e. Michael is thinking about signing up for his first marathon. So far, his longest run has only been 10
miles. Should he use the regression equation to predict how many calories he would burn if he runs a
marathon (26.2 miles)? Explain.
3. Fueleconomy.gov gives the city and highway fuel economy for all makes and models of vehicles back to 1984. The
scatterplot displays the city and highway fuel economy (mpg) for a random sample of ten 2021 vehicles.

City fuel economy (mpg) 14.4 24.3 27.2 29.9 20.4 28.8 20.9 23.2 28.6 25.4

Highway fuel economy 25.5 37.4 36.5 45.5 28.7 46.1 33.6 38.3 41.3 35.3
(mpg)

a. The correlation between city fuel economy and highway fuel economy for these 10 vehicles is r = 0.917. Interpret this
value.

b. If fuel economy was measured in feet per gallon, rather than miles per gallon how would the value of the correlation
be affected? Explain.

c. The Rolls-Royce Ghost EWB gets 14.4 city mpg and 25.5 highway mpg. What effect does this point have on the
correlation? Explain.

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