Chapter 3- Precipitation
1. Assuming rain falling vertically, express the catch of a gage inclined 20° from the
vertical as a percentage of the catch for the same gage installed vertically.
Solution:
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑐ℎ = 𝑥100%
𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎
𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 20°
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑐ℎ = 𝑥100%
𝐴
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒄𝒂𝒕𝒄𝒉 = 𝟗𝟑. 𝟗𝟕%
2. Shielded and unshielded gages at a station indicate a storm rainfall of 100 and
90 mm, respectively. Estimate the actual rainfall. Assume b=1.7.
Solution:
𝑃 𝑃
ln ( 𝑃𝑈𝐺 )=b ln( 𝑃𝑈𝐺 )
𝐴 𝑆𝐺
90 90
ln (𝑃 )=1.7 ln(100)
𝐴
𝑷𝑨 = 𝟏𝟎𝟕. 𝟔𝟓𝟒 mm
Chapter 4- Streamflow
1. What volume represents by 36.3 mm of runoff from a basin of 658 sq. km.? Give
your answer in millions of cubic meters.
Solution:
Volume of Runoff = Runoff depth * Basin area
=(36.3/1000) * (658x 106)
= 23885.4 x 103 m3
Volume of Runoff= 23.8854 Million m3
2. What volume of runoff in cubic meters is represented by a depth of 37 mm on a
basin of 600 km2? How many hectares can be irrigated with this volume if 60 cm
of water is required for irrigation?
Solution:
volume = (37/1000) *600 * 1000*1000
=22200000 m3
22200000/(60/100)= 37000000 m2 area can be irrigated
convert
1m2= 0.000247105 acres
37000000 m2 = 9142.885 acres can be irrigated
Chapter 5- Evaporation and Transpiration
1. Find amount of water evaporating from the surface of a lake during the month of
March if the median value of the maximum temperature of the water surface of
the lake during this period is 18 degrees Celsius, the temperature of dry air at a
height of 2 meters above the lake surface is 20 degrees Celsius, humidity tw = 17
degree C, and the mean wind speed is 1.5 m/s at the same height noting that the
lake did not freeze during the monitoring period
Solution:
2. Use Penman nomogram to solve its equation to predict daily evapotranspiration
expected from field plants at latitude 40 degrees north in April under the following
conditions: intermediate air temperature 20 degrees Celsius, average humidity
70%, coverage of sky 60% clouds, relative speed at a height of two meters 2.5
m/s, and expected rate of transpiration to expected evaporation 0.7. What is the
difference in the result at latitude of 40 degrees south?
Solution:
Chapter 6-Subsurface Water
1. At station A the water-table elevation is 196 m above sea level, and at Station B
is 192 m. The stations are 335 m apart. Aquifer permeability = 12 m 3 day-1 m-2,
porosity 14 percent. What is the actual velocity of flow in the acquifer?
Solution:
Assume 1 dimensional flow
K= 12 m2/day/ m2 = 12 m/day
𝐷ℎ 192−196
= = -0.01194 m/m
𝑑𝑥 335
V=-12x(-0.101194)=0.143 m/day
𝑉 0.143
Actual pore flow velocity = = = 1.023m/day
ɳ 0.14
2.
Chapter 7: STREAMFLOW HYDROGRAPHS
1. The rate of flow in a water course discharging an water shed is 3950 m 3 /min
after ten days of no rain, and the flow rate is 1190 m 3 /min after one month with
no rain. Draw the time hydrograph for base flow baseband; and find the amount
of flow rate after three months and a five-month period in the watercourse.
2. A water reservoir is designed to collect water from the adjacent catchment basin
& to regulate water use across an average regular flow of 230 cubic meters per
minute. The table below shows the monthly records of the stream flow. Find
amount of storage needed to keep up with regular consumption assuming no loss
of water ([Link]., DU, 2013).
Solution:
Chapter 8- Runoff Relations
1. An outlet is to be designed for a small town covering 12 km2 of which road area
is 30%, residential area is 50% and the rest is industrial area. The slope of the
catchment is 0.005 and the maximum length of the town measured on the map is
1.6 km. From depth duration analysis for the catchment, the following information
are obtained.
2.
