Diversity in Living Organisms
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Find out incorrect sentence
(a) Protista includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms
(b) Whittaker considered cell structure, mode and source of nutrition for classifying the
organisms in five kingdoms
(c) Both Monera and Protista may be autotrophic and heterotrophic
(d) Monerans have well defined nucleus
Ans. (d) Monerans have well defined nucleus
Explanation: Monerans are prokaryotes, i.e., they do not have well defined nucleus.
2. Which among the following has specialised tissue for conduction of water?
(i) Thallophyta
(ii) Bryophyta
(iii) Pteridophyta
(iv) Gymnosperms
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
Ans. (c) (iii) and (iv)
Explanation: Specialised conductive tissues are not found in thallophyta and bryophyte.
They first appear in pteridophyta.
3. Which among the following produce seeds?
(a) Thallophyta
(b) Bryophyta
(c) Pteridophyta
(d) Gymnosperms
Ans. (d) Gymnosperms
Explanation: Gymnosperms and angiosperms are seed bearing plants, but plants of
lower groups do not bear seeds.
4. Which one is a true fish?
(a) Jellyfish
(b) Starfish
(c) Dogfish
(d) Silverfish
Ans. (c) Dogfish
Explanation: Dogfish is cartilaginous fish. Jellyfish is a coelenterate, starfish belongs to
Echinodermata and silverfish is an insect.
5. Which among the following is exclusively marine?
(a) Porifera
(b) Echinodermata
(c) Mollusca
(d) Pisces
Ans. (b) Echinodermata
Explanation: Porifera, Mollusca and pisces are found in freshwater also.
6. Which among the following have open circulatory system?
(i) Arthropoda
(ii) Mollusca
(iii) Annelida
(iv) Coelenterata
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
Ans. (a) (i) and (ii)
7. In which group of animals, coelom is filled with blood?
(a) Arthropoda
(b) Annelida
(c) Nematoda
(d) Echinodermata
Ans. (a) Arthropoda
Explanation: Blood is not present in other groups in the options.
8. Elephantiasis is caused by
(a) Wuchereria
(b) Pinworm
(c) Planarians
(d) Liver flukes
Ans. (a) Wuchereria
9. Which one is the most striking or (common) character of the vertebrates?
(a) Presence of notochord
(b) Presence of triploblastic condition
(c) Presence of gill pouches
(d) Presence of coelom
Ans. (a) Presence of notochord
Explanation: Triploblastic condition, gill pouches and coelom are present in many non-
vertebrates as well.
10. Which among the following have scales?
(i) Amphibians
(ii) Pisces
(iii) Reptiles
(iv) Mammals
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (ii)
Ans. (c) (ii) and (iii)
Explanation: Amphibians and mammals do not have scales on their body.
11. Find out the false statement
(a) Aves are warm blooded, egg laying and have four chambered heart
(b) Aves have feather covered body, fore limbs are modified as wing and breathe through
lungs
(c) Most of the mammals are viviparous
(d) Fishes, amphibians and reptiles are oviparous
Ans. (d) Fishes, amphibians and reptiles are oviparous
Explanation: Some fishes and reptiles are viviparous. Amphibians show external
fertilization and hence cannot be kept under either oviparous or viviparous animals.
12. Pteridophyta do not have
(a) root
(b) stem
(c) flowers
(d) leaves
Ans. (c) flowers
Explanation: Flower are present only in angiosperms.
13. Identify a member of porifera
(a) Spongilla
(b) Euglena
(c) Penicillium
(d) Hydra
Ans. (a) Spongilla
Explanation: Euglena belongs to protozoa, Penicillium belongs to fungi and Hydra
belongs to coelenterata.
14. Which is not an aquatic animal?
(a) Hydra
(b) Jelly fish
(c) Corals
(d) Filaria
Ans. (d) Filaria
Explanation: Filaria is a disease which happens because of Wuchereria.
15. Amphibians do not have the following
(a) Three chambered heart
(b) Gills or lungs
(c) Scales
(d) Mucus glands
Ans. (c) Scales
Explanation: Three chambered heart is found in amphibians. Lungs are present in adults
and gills are present in tadpoles. Mucus gland is present on skin of amphibians.
16. Organisms without nucleus and cell organelles belong to
(i) fungi
(ii) protista
(iii) Cyanobacteria
(iv) archaebacteria
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iii)
Ans. (b) (iii) and (iv)
Explanation: Prokaryotes belong to monera and cyanobacteria and archaebacteria
belong to monera.
17. Which of the following is not a criterion for classification of living organisms?
(a) Body design of the organism
(b) Ability to produce one’s own food
(c) Membrane bound nucleus and cell organelles
(d) Height of the plant
Ans. (d) Height of the plant
Explanation: A small shrub and a large tree; both belong to angiosperms. This shows
that heights of a plant cannot be a criterion for classification.
18. The feature that is not a characteristic of protochordata?
(a) Presence of notochord
(b) Bilateral symmetry and coelom
(c) Jointed legs
(d) Presence of circulatory system
Ans. (c) Jointed legs
Explanation: jointed legs are found in arthropoda; which does not belong to chordata.
19. The locomotory organs of Echinodermata are
(a) tube feet
(b) muscular feet
(c) jointed legs
(d) parapodia
Ans. (a) tube feet
20. Corals are
(a) Poriferans attached to some solid support
(b) Cnidarians, that are solitary living
(c) Poriferans present at the sea bed
(d) Cnidarians that live-in colonies
Ans. (d) Cnidarians that live-in colonies
21. Who introduced the system of scientific nomenclature of organisms
(a) Robert Whittaker
(b) Carolus Linnaeus
(c) Robert Hooke
(d) Ernst Haeckel
Ans. (b) Carolus Linnaeus
Explanation: It was Carolus Linnaeus who proposed binomial nomenclature of
organisms.
22. Two chambered heart occurs in
(a) crocodiles
(b) fish
(c) aves
(d) amphibians
Ans. (b) fish
Explanation: Amphibians have three-chambered heart. Crocodiles and aves have four-
chambered heart.
23. Skeleton is made entirely of cartilage in
(a) Sharks
(b) Tuna
(c) Rohu
(d) None of these
Ans. (a) Sharks
Explanation: Sharks belong to cartilaginous fish; while others belong to bony fish.
24. One of the following is not an Annelid
(a) Nereis
(b) Earthworm
(c) Leech
(d) Urchins
Ans. (d) Urchins
Explanation: Sea urchins belong to coelenterate.
25. The book Systema Naturae was written by
(a) Linnaeus
(b) Haeckel
(c) Whittaker
(d) Robert Brown
Ans. (a) Linnaeus
26. Karl Von Linne was involved with which branch of science?
(a) Morphology
(b) Taxonomy
(c) Physiology
(d) Medicine
Ans. (b) Taxonomy
27. Real organs are absent in
(a) Mollusca
(b) Coelenterata
(c) Arthropoda
(d) Echinodermata
Ans. (b) Coelenterata
Explanation: Coelenterates show tissue level of organization and hence real organs are
absent in them.
28. Hard calcium carbonate structures are used as skeleton by
(a) Echinodermata
(b) Protochordata
(c) Arthropoda
(d) Nematoda
Ans. (a) Echinodermata
29. Differentiation in segmental fashion occurs in
(a) Leech
(b) Starfish
(c) Snails
(d) Ascaris
Ans. (a) Leech
Explanation: Leech belongs to annelida which show segmentation in body.
30. In taxonomic hierarchy family comes between
(a) Class and Order
(b) Order and Genus
(c) Genus and Species
(d) Division and Class
Ans. (b) Order and Genus
Explanation: The sequence is: Division → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species.
31. 5-Kingdom classification has given by
(a) Morgan
(b) R. Whittaker
(c) Linnaeus
(d) Haeckel
Ans. (b) R. Whittaker
32. Well defined nucleus is absent in
(a) blue green algae
(b) diatoms
(c) algae
(d) yeast
Ans. (a) blue green algae
Explanation: Blue green algae belong to monera which are prokaryotes and hence well-
defined nucleus in absent in them.
33. The ‘Origin of Species’ is written by
(a) Linnaeus
(b) Darwin
(c) Hackel
(d) Whittaker
Ans. (b) Darwin
34. Meena and Hari observed an animal in their garden. Hari called it an insect while
Meena said it was an earthworm. Choose the character from the following which
confirms that it is an insect.
(a) Bilateral symmetrical body
(b) Body with jointed legs
(c) Cylindrical body
(d) Body with little segmentation
Ans. (b) Body with jointed legs
Explanation: Presence of jointed legs is a salient feature of arthropoda and insects
belong to arthropoda.
Diversity in Living Organisms
Short Answer Questions
35. Write true (T) or false (F)
(a) Whittaker proposed five kingdom classification.
(b) Monera is divided into Archaebacteria and Eubacteria.
(c) Starting from Class, Species comes before the Genus.
(d) Anabaena belongs to the kingdom Monera.
(e) Blue green algae belongs to the kingdom Protista.
(f) All prokaryotes are classified under Monera.
Ans. (a) T
(b) T
(c) F
(d) T
(e) F
(f) T
36. Fill in the blanks
(a) Fungi shows __________ mode of nutrition.
Ans. saprotrophic
(b) Cell wall of fungi is made up of __________.
Ans. chitin
(c) Association between blue green algae and fungi is called as __________.
Ans. lichens
(d) Chemical nature of chitin is __________.
Ans. carbohydrate
(e) __________ has smallest number of organisms with maximum number of
similar characters.
Ans. species
(f) Plants without well differentiated stem, root and leaf are kept in __________.
Ans. thallophyta
(g) __________ are called as amphibians of the plant kingdom.
Ans. bryophytes
37. You are provided with the seeds of gram, wheat, rice, pumpkin, maize and pea.
Classify them whether they are monocot or dicot.
Ans. Gram—dicot
Wheat—monocot
Rice—monocot
Pumpkin—dicot
Maize—monocot
Pea—dicot
38. Match items of column (A) with items of column (B)
Ans. (a)—B;
(b)—A;
(c)—D;
(d)—C;
(e)—F;
(f)—E,
(g)—G.
39. Match items of column (A) with items of column (B)
Ans. (a)—C;
(b)—B;
(c)—F;
(d)—A;
(e)—E;
(f)—D.
40. Classify the following organisms based on the absence/presence of true coelom
(i.e., acoelomate, pseudocoelomate and coelomate) Spongilla, Sea anemone,
Planaria, Liver flukes, Wuchereria, Ascaris, Nereis, Earthworm, Scorpion, Birds,
Fishes, Horse.
Ans. Spongilla—Acoelomate
Sea anemone—Acoelomate
Planaria—Acoelomate
Liver fluke—Acoelomate
Wuchereria—Pseudocoelomate
Ascaris—Psudocoelomate
Nereis—Coelomate
Scorpion—Coelomate
Earthworm—Coelomate
Birds, Fishes and Horse—Coelomate
41. Endoskeleton of fishes are made up of cartilage and bone; classify the following
fishes as cartilagenous or bony.
Torpedo, Sting ray, Dog fish, Rohu, Angler fish, Exocoetus.
Ans. Torpedo—Cartilagenous
Sting ray—Cartilagenous
Dog fish—Cartilagenous
Rohu—Bony
Angler fish—Cartilagenous
Exocoetus—bony.
42. Classify the following based on number of chambers in their heart. Rohu,
Scoliodon, Frog, Salamander, Flying lizard, King Cobra, Crocodile, Ostrich, Pigeon,
Bat, Whale
Ans. Rohu, Scoliodon— 2 chambered. Frog, Salamander, Flying lizard, King Cobra—3
chambered. Crocodile, Ostrich, Pigeon, Bat, Whale—4 chambered.
43. Classify Rohu, Scoliodon, Flying lizard, King Kobra, Frog, Salamander, Ostrich,
Pigeon, Bat, Crocodile and Whale into the cold blooded/warm blooded animals.
Ans. Cold blooded—Rohu, Scoliodon,Frog, Salamander, Flying Lizard, King Cobra, Crocodile,
Warm blooded— Ostrich, Pigeon, Bat, Whale.
44. Name two egg laying mammals.
Ans. (i) Platypus (ii) Echidna
45. Fill in the blanks
(a) Five kingdom classification of living organisms is given by __________.
Ans. Robert Whittaker
(b) Basic smallest unit of classification is __________.
Ans. Species
(c) Prokaryotes are grouped in Kingdom __________.
Ans. Monera
(d) Paramecium is a protista because of its __________.
Ans. Eukaryotic unicellular organisms
(e) Fungi do not contain __________.
Ans. Chlorophyll
(f) A fungus __________ can be seen without microscope.
Ans. Mushroom
(g) Common fungi used in preparing the bread is __________.
Ans. Yeast
(h) Algae and fungi form symbiotic association called __________.
Ans. Lichens
46. Give True (T) and False (F)
(a) Gymnosperms differ from Angiosperms in having covered seed.
(b) Non-flowering plants are called Cryptogamae.
(c) Bryophytes have conducting tissue.
(d) Funaria is a moss.
(e) Compound leaves are found in many ferns.
(f) Seeds contain embryo.
Ans. (a) F
(b) T
(c) F
(d) T
(e) T
(f) T
47. Give examples for the following
(a) Bilateral, dorsiventral symmetry is found in __________.
Ans. Liver fluke
(b) Worms causing disease elephantiasis is __________.
Ans. Filarial worm
(c) Open circulatory system is found in __________ where coelomic cavity is filled
with blood.
Ans. Arthropods
(d) __________ are known to have pseudocoelom.
Ans. Nematodes
48. Label a,b,c and d. given in Fig. 7.1 Give the function of (b)
Ans. (a) Dorsal fin
(b) Caudal fin
(c) Pelvic fin
(d) Pectoral fin
Function of Caudal fin–Caudal fin helps in streamlined movement in water.
49. Fill in the boxes given in Fig. 7.2 with appropriate characteristics/plant group (s)
Ans. (a) Thallophyta
(b) Without specialized vascular tissue
(c) Pteridophyta
(d) Phanerogams
(e) Bear naked seeds
(f) Angiosperms
(g) Have seeds with two cotyledons
(h) Monocots
Diversity in Living Organisms
Long Answer Questions
50. Write names of few thallophytes. Draw a labelled diagram of Spirogyra.
Ans. Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Cladophara, Ulva and Chara,
51. Thallophyta, bryophyta and pteridophyta are called as ‘Cryptogams’.
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are called as ‘phanerogams’. Discuss why? Draw
one example of Gymnosperm.
Ans. The Thallophyta, bryophyta and pteridophyta are called as ‘Cryptogams’ because the
reproductive organs of these groups are inconspicuous or hidden. Seeds are absent. On
the other hand ‘Phanerogams’ include gymnosperms and angiosperms which have well
differentiated reproductive tissue and the embryo with stored food. Embryo develops
into seed.
52. Define the terms and give one example of each
(a) Bilateral symmetry
(b) Coelom
(c) Triploblastic
Ans. (a) The left and right halves of the body have the same design, eg, liver fluke.
(b) Coelom is the internal body cavity between visceral organs and body wall in which
well-developed organs can be accommodated, eg. Butterfly
(c) Animals having three layers of cells from which differentiated tissue can be made are
called triploblastic, eg. star fish
53. You are given leech, Nereis, Scolopendra, prawn and scorpion; and all have
segmented body organisation. Will you classify them in one group? If no, give the
important characters based on which you will separate these organisms into
different groups.
Ans. All organisms given in the question do not belong to same group. Leech and Nereis belong
to phylum annelida because they have metamerically segmented body i.e., body is divided
into many segments internally by septa. Body segments are lined up one after the other
from head to tail. But Scolopendra, prawn and scorpion belong to phylum arthropoda as
these have jointed legs and open circulating system.
54. Which organism is more complex and evolved among Bacteria, Mushroom and
Mango tree. Give reasons.
Ans. Mango tree is more complex and evolved because, it is eukaryotic, autotrophic, terrestrial
sporophyte with covered seed. The bacteria is unicellular prokaryote and fungi are the
heterotrophic, simple thallophyte with no tissue systems.
55. Differentiate between flying lizard and bird. Draw the diagram.
Ans. Flying lizard belongs to group reptiles and characterised as cold blooded, body covered
with scales and having three chambered heart, while birds belong to group aves and have
characteristics of being warm blooded, having feather covered body, forelimbs modified
as wings and having four chambered heart.
56. List out some common features in cat, rat and bat.
Ans. Bat, rat and cat belong to class mammalia and have following common features
(a) All have notochord at some stage of life cycle.
(b) All are warm blooded.
(c) All have four chambered heart.
(d) All have skin covered with hair and with sweat and oil glands.
57. Why do we keep both snake and turtle in the same class?
Ans. Because both are (1) cold blooded (2) have scales (3) breathe through lungs (4) have
three chambered heart, and (5) they lay eggs with tough covering.
