Module 1:

Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks (ONT)

The Evolution of Telephony in the Enterprise

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Objectives
Describe the history of the telephone services industry and its affect on modern business practices. Identify the components of the traditional telephone system. Describe traditional POTS service. Describe ISDN & T1 services services. Explain the drivers of converged networks.

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Objectives
Explain the Cisco conceptual network models, such as Cisco Enterprise Architecture and Cisco hierarchical network model. Describe the traffic conditions in a converged network. Describe the IIN and the SONA framework.

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Basic Telephone System

A telephone system has four elements:
A telephone set to convert sound to electrical signals and back to sound One or more central switching facilities Connections to the central switching facilities Connections among multiple switching centers across telephone networks

Subscribers connect to the telephone network using:

Dedicated wire connections in overhead or underground cables Radio R di waves ( ll l satellite, or radiotelephone) (cellular, t llit di t l h ) VoIP

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Basic Components of a Modern Telephone p p System

Long Distance and International Connections

IP
Central Office with Switches

Fiber

Local Loop

POTS and ADSL

Home Office with Corporate VPN including VoIP

Cellular Phone System

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Traditional POTS Services

PSTN or PTT (POTS) has remained practically unchanged for over 100 years offering:
Bi-directional, or full duplex, voice path to carry sound both ways at once Dial tone and ringing signals Subscriber dialing Operator services, such as directory assistance, long distance services assistance distance, and conference calling assistance Power

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ISDN and T1 Services

ISDN: A set of standards that allow data and voice to be carried on copper wire from the telephone exchange to customer premises:
BRI: 2 B-channels and 1 D-channel for control PRI: PRI 23 B h B-channels (30 in Europe) and 1 D h l i E ) d D-channel f control l for t l

T1 Carrier System: Specification for digital transmission between t l h b t telephone exchanges and sometimes di tl h d ti directly to customer premises. T1 uses copper wire or fiber.

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Digital Telephone Services

Digital Telephone Services include:
Voice mail Caller ID Call waiting Reminder calls (Three-way) conference calling Enhanced 911 (in North America) Centrex A number of other similar services

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PBX and Centrex

Centrex (a virtual PBX):
Call Transfer Call Divert C ll Di t on no reply and on b l d busy calls ll Call Waiting Three Party Three-Party Conference Call Pick Up (Group) Ring Back Reminder or Alarm Call Typical Centrex telephone. Note the Recall button and the Message Last Number Redial Waiting lamp. Centrex Hotline ( C t H tli (non-dialed connection) di l d ti ) Centrex Warm Line (delayed Hotline) Centrex Hunt Groups, with optional bypass numbers

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Long-Distance Calling Challenges

May I have a line to Chicago? Is this a business call? Yes i Y it is.

PSTN
Thank you. One you second please. Chicago Office PBX

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Long-Distance and WATS

Long-distance trunk lines connect telephone exchanges. g Long-distance services include:
OUT-WATS: Flat-rate long-distance calling IN-WATS: Toll-free calling using 1-8xx numbers

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Separate Voice, Video, and Data Networks

San Jose Office

PBX PBX

London Office

Tokyo Office
PBX
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Converged Voice, Video, and Data Network

PSTN

IP WAN

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Self Check
1. What are the 2 levels of ISDN service? 2. 2 What is a Centrex? 3. What is a WATS-type plan? 4. What options are available in WATS plans?

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks (ONT)

Describing Converged Network Requirements g g q

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Traditional Hierarchical Model

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Cisco Enterprise Architecture

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Campus Architecture

Campus Architecture combines a core infrastructure p of intelligent switching and routing including: IP Communications mobility advanced security
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Data Center Architecture

The Data Center is a cohesive, adaptive network architecture supporting: requirements for consolidation business continuance security it
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Branch Architecture

The Branch allows enterprises to extend head-office head office applications and services including: security IP communications advanced application performance supporting d d li ti f ti thousands of remote locations/users
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Teleworker Architecture

Teleworker architecture allows enterprises to securely deliver voice and data services to remote, small or home offices.
Integrated security Identity-based networking services

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WAN Architecture

WAN architecture offers the convergence of voice voice, video and data services over a single IP communications network.

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Example: Enterprise Network

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Network Traffic Mix and Requirements

Converged network traffic mix:
Voice and video traffic pp Voice applications traffic Mission-critical applications traffic Transactional traffic Routing update traffic Network management traffic Bulk transfer (best-effort) and scavenger (less-than-best-effort) (best effort) (less than best effort) traffic

Key requirements: y q
Performance (bandwidth, delay, and jitter) Security (access and transmission)

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Example: Integrated Services in a Converged p g g Network

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Intelligent Information Network (IIN)

IIN integrates networked resources and information assets. IIN extends intelligence across multiple products and infrastructure layers. IIN actively participates in the delivery of services and applications. (making the network application aware)

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Phases of IIN
Three phases in building an IIN are:
Integrate transport (network convergence) Integrate services (shared resources) Integrate applications (making the network application aware)

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cisco SONA Framework

Cisco SONA is an architectural framework. architect ral frame ork
(SONA: Service-Oriented Network Architecture, describe how to build a IIN: Intelligent Information Network)

Cisco SONA brings several advantages to enterprises:

Outlines how enterprises can evolve toward the IIN Illustrates how to build integrated systems across a fully converged intelligent network Improves flexibility and increases efficiency

Cisco provides an extensive p p product line, services, , , proven architectures, and experience to help the enterprises achieve their business goals. (close gaps between the resources and applications) b t th d li ti )
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Cisco SONA Layers

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SONANetworked Infrastructure Layer

The goal is anywhere/anytime connectivity. connectivity

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SONAInteractive Services Layer

Interactive services includes:

voice and collaboration services mobility services security and id tit services it d identity i storage services computer services application networking services network infrastructure virtualization services management i t adaptive management services

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SONAApplication Layer

Application Layer includes: business applications collaboration applications

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Self Check
1. What are the 3 building blocks of the hierarchical model? 2. Describe the special needs of voice and video traffic. 3. 3 What types of traffic could be considered best-effort and less-than-best-effort? 4. 4 What is AON? 5. What are the 3 layers of SONA?

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Q and A

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Summary
Companies have used telephone services for over 100 years as a part of their business practices. Changing technology and changing enterprise needs have influenced changes in telephony services. The increasing use of IP transport for data voice and data, video has lead to the need for converged networks.

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Summary
The traditional three layer hierarchical model no longer three-layer completely meets the needs of large converged networks carrying voice, video, and data. IIN aligns IT resources with b i ith business priorities. i iti Cisco Enterprise Architecture and SONA provide a framework for deploying converged networks networks. Dealing with complex traffic mixes is a key feature of Cisco Enterprise Architecture The Service layer of Architecture. SONA addresses the performance and security requirements of converged networks. IIN aligns IT resources with business priorities. p y path to IIN. Cisco SONA provides an evolutionary p
2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Resources
Wikipedia Telephone Exchange article
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_exchange

Cisco IP Telephones on Converged Network Enable Rapid Emergency Response p g y p

http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/partners/success_stories/2001/p ss_10-10.html

Making the Business Case for Unified Communications

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns340/ns394/ns165/network ing_solutions_audience_business_benefit0900aecd80472efb.ht i l ti di b i b fit0900 d80472 fb ht ml

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Resources
Business Overview of Cisco SONA
http://cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns340/ns394/ns431/networking_s olutions_white_paper0900aecd803efff3.shtml

What is IIN?
http://cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns650/networking_solutions_mark et_segment_solution.html

Enterprise Architectures Poster

http://cisco.com/application/pdf/en/us/guest/netsol/ns477/c643/c dccont_0900aecd802843ce.pdf dccont 0900aecd802843ce pdf

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.