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Notes-Force & Pressure

The document explains the concept of force, detailing its definition, types, and effects on objects. It distinguishes between contact forces, like muscular and frictional forces, and non-contact forces, such as electrostatic, gravitational, and magnetic forces. Additionally, it covers the concept of pressure, its calculation, and how it is exerted by fluids.

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9 views

Notes-Force & Pressure

The document explains the concept of force, detailing its definition, types, and effects on objects. It distinguishes between contact forces, like muscular and frictional forces, and non-contact forces, such as electrostatic, gravitational, and magnetic forces. Additionally, it covers the concept of pressure, its calculation, and how it is exerted by fluids.

Uploaded by

gautamks2024
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Force:

(i) A push or a pull on an object is called a force.

(ii) At least two objects must interact for a force to come into play. Thus,
an interaction of one object with another object results in a force between
the two objects.

(iii) Forces applied on an object in the same direction add to one another.

(iv) If the two forces act in opposite directions on an object, the net force
acting on it is the difference between the two forces.

(v) In order to specify a force, we have to mention the magnitude


(strength) and the direction.

(vi) A force can

(a) move a stationary body

(b) stop a moving body

(c) slow down a moving body

(d) make a moving body move faster

(e) change the direction of a moving body

(f) change the shape of objects

2. Contact Forces:

(i) The force that can be applied only when it is in contact with an object,
it is also called a contact force. Muscular Force and Friction force are
examples.

(ii) The force resulting due to the action of muscles is known as the
muscular force.

(iii) A force which acts at the surface of contact of two bodies when one
body tends to move or moves upon another body is known as frictional
force.

3. Non-contact Forces:

(i) The forces that come into play even when the bodies are not in contact
are known as Non-contact Forces. Electrostatic Force, Gravitational Force
and Magnetic Force are examples.
(ii) The force exerted by a charged body on another charged or
uncharged body is known as electrostatic force.

(iii) The force of attraction between any two bodies due their mass is
called gravitational force.

(iv) The force of attraction between the earth and small bodies on its
surface is called the force of gravity.

(v) A magnet can exert a force on another magnet or magnetic material


without being in contact with it. This force is known as a magnetic force.

4. Pressure:

(i) Thrust is the force applied on a surface perpendicular to it.

(ii) Pressure is defined as the thrust per unit area.

(iii) Pressure=ForceAreaPressure=ForceArea. The area is in the denominator


in the expression. So, the smaller the area, the larger the pressure on a
surface for the same force.
(iv) SI unit of pressure is pascal. It is the force of
magnitude 1 N1 N acting on 1 m21 m2 area.

5. Pressure Exerted by Liquids and Gases:

(i) The substances which can flow, i.e., liquids and gases are collectively
called fluids.

(ii) In the case of liquids and gases (fluids), the pressure increases with
the increase in height (depth) and density.

(iii) Liquids and gases exert same pressure in all directions at a given
depth.

(iv) The pressure exerted by the surrounding air is known as atmospheric


pressure.

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