10 New - IGCSE Bio Unit 7 - Nutrient
10 New - IGCSE Bio Unit 7 - Nutrient
P: ……………………………………………………………..
Q: …………………………………………………………….
b) The cow’s stomach contains microorganisms that digest plant cell walls.
Suggest why these microorganisms are useful to a cow.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Teeth help with ingestion and mechanical digestion of food by grinding into smaller pieces.
a) Teeth are covered with the hardest substance. What is the name of this part?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) After eating sweet food, the remain food on teeth can destroy this hardest part and cause tooth
decay. Explain why.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. The pancreas produces a range of enzymes involved in the digestion of food.
a) Explain the meaning of the term enzyme.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) In which of the following locations does digestion by the enzyme amylase take place?
A. Mouth and pancreas B. Mouth and stomach
C. Small intestine and pancreas D. Mouth and small intestine
c) The diagram below shows an enzyme and an associated molecule labelled X that can bind with
the enzyme at location Y. Name the molecule X and location Y.
X ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Y ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
d) The “lock and key hypothesis” is often used as a model to describe the action of enzymes.
Use your knowledge of the lock and key hypothesis and the diagram in part (c) to explain how
enzymes function in digestion.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. The diagram below shows the structures of the human digestive system.
A B C D
A B C D
A B C D
d) The letter D shows the exit from the alimentary canal, the faeces are removed by this.
What is its name?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
e) Bile is produced by organ A. Identify the organ in which bile is stored after it is produced.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. The diagram shows part of the human digestive system.
A B C D
A B C D
…………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
f) Some people have a condition called coeliac disease. In this condition the body reacts to eating
gluten, a protein found in wheat. This reaction damages the villi in the small intestine.
The diagram shows how the villi in the small intestine are damaged.
(i) Explain how the undamaged villi are adapted for their function.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(ii) Explain why children with untreated coeliac disease may grow more slowly and become tired
more easily than children without coeliac disease.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..