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DNA-and-protein-synthesis-questions-STARS

The document discusses DNA structure and protein synthesis, including the components of DNA and the process of synthesizing proteins from amino acids. It outlines the steps involved in protein synthesis and poses questions about the effects of mutations on protein function. Additionally, it includes a specific example regarding the hormone insulin and the impact of base changes on enzyme structure.

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fwarraich2011
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6 views2 pages

DNA-and-protein-synthesis-questions-STARS

The document discusses DNA structure and protein synthesis, including the components of DNA and the process of synthesizing proteins from amino acids. It outlines the steps involved in protein synthesis and poses questions about the effects of mutations on protein function. Additionally, it includes a specific example regarding the hormone insulin and the impact of base changes on enzyme structure.

Uploaded by

fwarraich2011
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DNA and protein synthesis

The diagram below shows part of a molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)


C D

1. Write the correct letter from the diagram next to the structure that is found in a molecule of
DNA. One of them has already been done for you (3 marks)

Base C
Hydrogen bond
Phosphate group
Common sugar

2. What is the name for the repeating unit found in DNA that consists of the common sugar, a
phosphate group and one of the four different bases that is attached to the sugar? (1 mark)

A sequence of three bases on the DNA molecule codes for one amino acid during the process of
protein synthesis.

The statements below show the steps in protein synthesis, but they are in the wrong order:

a A carrier molecule, called tRNA, picks up specific amino acids


b Once the protein chain is complete, it folds up to form a unique shape
c The order of the bases on DNA determines the order of the amino acids in the
protein that is to be synthesised
d The amino acids are transferred down to the growing protein at the ribosome
e The shape of the protein enables the proteins to carry out their specific function

3. Write the steps of protein synthesis into the correct order in the table below. Two of them
have been done for you (2 marks)

c b
4. If the gene that codes for the hormone insulin consists of 153 bases, how many amino acids
are found in this protein? (1 mark)

A mutation can be defined as a random change to a single base on DNA.

5. Complete this passage to explain how a mutation could affect a protein, such as the enzyme
amylase (5 marks)

A change to a single base will change that sequence of ____ bases. This means a different
________ _______ will be coded for this sequence of 3 bases. The ____________ of the
amylase will be different and when the amylase folds, the shape of the ________ _______
will be different. As a result, it may not be able to bind with its __________ which is starch.

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