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control lab 3

The lab manual for EE-340L focuses on modeling Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) systems using Simulink, a graphical interface in MATLAB. It outlines objectives, introduces Simulink's functionalities, and provides exercises to analyze the step response of a Mass-Spring system. Students are tasked with constructing and simulating diagrams to evaluate system responses under varying conditions.

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2 views

control lab 3

The lab manual for EE-340L focuses on modeling Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) systems using Simulink, a graphical interface in MATLAB. It outlines objectives, introduces Simulink's functionalities, and provides exercises to analyze the step response of a Mass-Spring system. Students are tasked with constructing and simulating diagrams to evaluate system responses under varying conditions.

Uploaded by

2022ee385
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAB MANUAL EE-340L CONTROL SYSTEMS

NAME
REG #:
Marks

EXPERIMENT NO 03

Modelling of LTI Systems using Simulink


Objectives:
 The objective of this lab is to understand and implement the graphical user interface diagrams to
model the physical systems for the purpose of design and analysis of control systems.
 To understand how to use SIMULINK in control systems.
Introduction:
This lab introduces powerful graphical user interface, Simulink of MATLAB. This software is used for
solving the modeling equations and obtaining the response of a system to different inputs. Both linear
and nonlinear differential equations can be solved numerically with high precision and speed, allowing
system responses to be calculated and displayed for many input functions. To provide an interface
between a system’s modeling equations and the digital computer, block diagrams drawn from the
system’s differential equations are used.
SIMULINK:
Simulink provides access to an extensive set of blocks that accomplish a wide range of functions useful
for the simulation and analysis of dynamic systems. The blocks are grouped into libraries, generally
there are following classes of functions:
 Mathematical functions such as summers and gains are in the Math library.
 Integrators are in the Continuous library.
 Constants, common input functions, and clock can all be found in the Sources library.
 Scope, To Workspace blocks can be found in the Sinks library.
Simulink is a graphical interface that allows the user to create programs that are actually run in
MATLAB. Simulink uses blocks to write a program. Blocks are arranged in various libraries according
to their functions. Properties of the blocks and the values can be changed in the associated dialog boxes.
Some examples of blocks are given below:
 SUM (Math library):
A dialog box obtained by double-clicking on the SUM block performs the configuration of the
SUM block, allowing any number of inputs and the sign of each. The sum block can be
represented in two ways in Simulink, by a circle or by a rectangle. Both choices are shown

 GAIN (Math library):


A gain block is shown by a triangular symbol, with the gain expression written inside if it will
LAB MANUAL EE-340L CONTROL SYSTEMS

fit. If not, the symbol - k - is used. The value used in each gain block is established in a dialog
box that appears if the user double-clicks on its block.

 INTEGRATOR (Continuous library):


The block for an integrator as shown below looks unusual. The quantity 1/s comes from the
Laplace transform expression for integration. When double-clicked on the symbol for an
integrator, a dialog box appears allowing the initial condition for that integrator to be specified. It
may be implicit, and not shown on the block, as in Figure (a). Alternatively, a second input to the
block can be displayed to supply the initial condition explicitly, as in part (b) of Figure. Initial
conditions may be specific numerical values, literal variables, or algebraic expressions.

 STEP (Source library:


A Simulink block is provided for a Step input, a signal that changes (usually from zero) to a
specified new, constant level at a specified time. These levels and time can be specified through
the dialog box, obtained by double-clicking on the Step block.

 CONSTANTS (Source library):


Constants are created by the Constant block, which closely resembles Figure 4. Double clicking
on the symbol opens a dialog box to establish the constant’s value. It can be a number or an
algebraic expression using constants whose values are defined in the workspace and are therefore
known to MATLAB.

The MATLAB Control System Toolbox offers functions for finding the transfer functions from a
given block diagram. However, as we shall shortly see, the simulation environment provided by
MATLAB’s Simulink Toolkit obviates the need for block diagram reduction. The Simulink model
mimics the block diagram of a feedback control system and is used to evaluate the response of
controlled variable to any test input. It also provides the response of any internal variable of the
control system (output variable of a subsystem block) without the need for block diagram
reduction.
LAB MANUAL EE-340L CONTROL SYSTEMS

SIMULINK is an extension of MATLAB for modeling, simulating, and


analyzing dynamic, linear/nonlinear, complex control systems. Graphical User Interface (GUI)
and visual representation of simulation process by simulation block diagrams are two key
features which make SIMULINK one of the most successful software packages, particularly
suitable for control system design and analysis.

MATLAB Desktop main menu and SIMULINK icon

SIMULINK Library Browser


LAB MANUAL EE-340L CONTROL SYSTEMS

Exercise 1:

Find Step response using Simulink

Exercise 2: Find Response using Simulink

Lab Task :
a) Construct a Simulink diagram to calculate the response of the Mass-Spring system.
The input force increases from 0 to 8 N at t = 1 s. The parameter values are M = 2 kg,
K= 16 N/m, and B =4 N.s/m.
LAB MANUAL EE-340L CONTROL SYSTEMS

b) Analyze the step response of the Mass-Spring system using transfer function in
Simulink. The input force increases from 0 to 8 N at t = 1 s. The parameter values are
M = 2 kg, K= 16 N/m, and B =4 N.s/m.

c) Simulate and compare the results of the variations in part b. Take values of B = 4, 8,
12, 25 N-s/m.

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