International Journal of Innovations & Research Analysis (IJIRA) 1

ISSN :2583-0295, Impact Factor: 5.449, Volume 03, No. 01(I), January- March, 2023, pp 01-04

PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED SECTOR IN HARYANA

Dr. Mukesh Kumar

ABSTRACT

Haryana produces all of its own food and supplies the second-highest amount of food grains to
India's main grain reserve. The main agricultural products of Haryana include wheat, rice, sugarcane,
cotton, oilseeds, gramme, barley, maize, and millet. Agriculture plays a significant role in the growth of an
economy, and its improvement is essential to the economy's balanced development. It may be claimed
that agriculture has been essential to Haryana's growth. Technology and science have aided the state in
reaching new heights. Haryana has emerged as a powerful pillar of agricultural development following
the green revolution. The development of agriculture is very important to contemporary economy. The
agriculture industry benefited from crop diversification, wheat, and seed. Agriculture's expansion supplies
the cash required for the growth of other industries, transportation, and international trade. In reality, the
current situation calls for a balanced growth of industry and agriculture.
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Keywords: Agriculture, Economy, Development, Green Revolution, Crop Diversification, and Foreign
Trade, among several others.
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Introduction
On November 1st, 1966, Haryana state officially separated from the rest of India's political
landscape. With 4.345 million hectares of land, Haryana is one of India's smaller States and accounts for
1.33 percent of the nation's total land area. Nearly 78 percent of the State's total land area is cultivated,
with 83 percent of that area being irrigated and an average cropping intensity of 183 percent. The State
may be split into 3 agro-eco areas based on ecology and cropping patterns.
Panchkula, Ambala, Kurukshetra, Yamunanagar, Karnal, Kaithal, Panipat, and Sonipat are the
eight districts that make up Zone-I. Nearly 32% of the State's total area is in this Zone.
The seven districts that make up Zone II are Sirsa, Fatehabad, Hisar, Jind, Rohtak, Faridabad,
and Palwal. Nearly 39% of the State's total territory is made up of this Zone.
Six districts make up Zone-III: Bhiwani, Mahendergarh, Rewari, Jhajjar, Gurgaon, and Mewat.
Nearly 29% of the State's total territory is covered by it.
Silent Features
• Small but significant in terms of agriculture
• Astonishing agricultural expansion
• Dietary changes and rapid urbanisation
• Various cropping and agroecology patterns impressive expansion in related industries
(livestock, fishery, horticulture, poultry etc.).


Associate Professor in Commerce, Government College, Sector-9, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
2 International Journal of Innovations & Research Analysis (IJIRA)- January- March, 2023

Despite notable advancements in the industrial and service sectors, the agriculture sector
continues to play a considerable part in the state's economy, generating around 14.45 percent of the
GDP and employing 51 percent of the labour force. Agriculture-based sectors account for more than
31.02 percent of the overall of all industrial jobs. Basmati rice and Murrah buffalo are the state's two most
prized possessions.
Objectives
• To assess the performance of Haryana's allied and agricultural industries.
• To investigate the contribution of agriculture to the economic growth of the state.
• To assess how Haryana's agricultural progress compares to that of other states and India
overall.
Review of Literature
Dev and Mahendra (2003).Agriculture has improved, according toDev and Mahendra. He
supported the second agricultural revolution. There is a new generation of Hi-Tech technology that is
meant to promote the diversification of agriculture. He also discovered various issues with agriculture,
like as
• Financial issues
• Sterilization of pricing - Increased costs for crude oil, insecticides, and fertilisers
• The difficulty of obtaining finance in remote areas
• Decreased drug-related customs fees - Persistent agricultural GDP decrease - Reduced
irrigation facilitation.
Mathur, Das, and Sircar. A fundamental component of the economy, agriculture provides a
living for 59% of the people. The agricultural sector is not robust enough to satisfy economic demand. In
the research, elements that influence agricultural expansion are identified, and restrictions that have
hampered it are examined. Since 1990 until recently, the agriculture sector's growth rate has been
declining. A number of food crops' hectarely yields have recently decreased along with this. Agriculture is
growing at vastly different rates throughout states, and this is especially true for food grains.
The advantages of agro-based industry growth in various locations of India were demonstrated
by Gupta, S.K. (1993). He looked at the sector's strengths and weaknesses. Through the support of
several programmes, he offered the agriculture industry, particularly in Haryana, a new perspective.
The growth of agriculture in Haryana and its potential to create jobs there were explored by
Mangal Sen in 1983. According to him, sustainable agriculture expansion is a must for sustainable
growth.
The study by Sharma Somnath (1981) looked at how agriculture development may reduce
poverty. He also demonstrated how agricultural growth in rural Haryana is leading to an increase in
employment.
Modernizing agriculture was recommended by Jodhka, S. Surinder (1994). Not only should
modernization enhance production and integrate agriculture into the larger national economy.
During the prolonged green revolution era, Samui (2005) projected that the use of sophisticated
technologies resulted in a large increase in sugarcane yield and output (1970-80). However, the post-
green revolution period (1980–2001) saw a decline in sugarcane yield, which had a severe impact on the
industry. Maharashtra's sugarcane yield fell since it was planted in a non-traditional location, viz. In
addition to having inadequate water supplies, these locations also suffered from shallow root zones and
poor nutritional conditions. Because of this, productivity growth was unable to be enhanced.
Research Methodology
Since the government gave this sector significant attention in its five-year plans, the growth rate
of the agriculture sector in Haryana's GDP has increased. Additionally, Haryana saw the green
revolution, which significantly accelerated the development of the agricultural sector. The contribution of
the Agriculture and Allied Sector to the state GDP during 2011–12 decreased to just 16.67% as a result
of the fast structural change in the Haryana economy over time. Over the past several years, the State's
economic development has grown increasingly sensitive to the growth rates in the industry and services
sectors, but recent experience indicates that high GDP growth absent continuous and rapid agricultural
expansion is likely to cause inflation to increase.
Dr. Mukesh Kumar: Performance of Agriculture and Allied Sector in Haryana 3
Agricultural, forestry, logging, and fishing are the subsectors that make up the agriculture and
associated sector. Agricultural, which includes dairy farming and crop husbandry, is the primary industry
in the agriculture and allied sector, accounting for roughly 94% of the GDP. The subsectors of forestry
and fisheries each provide around 3.99% and 1.05% of the GDP of agriculture and related activities,
respectively. Therefore, the total growth of agricultural and related industries is not significantly impacted
by the forestry and fisheries subsectors. Another crucial industry for raising the income of the state's rural
population is animal husbandry. The development of genetic traits and behaviours that are thought to
benefit humans occurs when farm animals are managed and cared for by humans for financial gain. In
addition to the effective exploitation of a species in agriculture that benefits people, the phrase can also
apply to the activity of selective breeding and rearing livestock to promote desirable qualities in animals
for utility, sport, pleasure, or study.
A key factor in sustaining agricultural growth in Haryana has been the widespread adoption of
high yielding varieties, extensive use of fertilisers, improved access to water through public and private
investments in irrigation and power, and improved access to markets through public investments in rural
infrastructure. Particularly, access to wholesale markets and usage of fertiliser are among the highest in
the nation. When compared to the dropping average annual growth rate of 1.67% for all of India, these
have helped keep Haryana's food grain output growth at 2.99% per year in the 1990s. The effectiveness
of a farming system depends on how well different businesses are combined and how well byproducts
and/or products from one business are used by other related businesses.
Policy Implications
Horticultural crops provide a chance to boost agricultural development, employment, and farmer
revenue. These crops are becoming more well-liked by farmers in Haryana as a result of government
support provided under the National Horticulture Mission (NHM). However, due to serious limitations in
infrastructural and marketing facilities, full potential could not be realised.
NHM has been in use in Haryana for almost five years, but owing to poor farmer coverage and a
lack of a comprehensive strategy in practise, its influence on the area, production, and yield of certain
horticultural crops was found to be limited. The following policy changes are recommended to increase
the effectiveness of the mission: i) want to encourage the growth of commercial flower crops, medicinal
and aromatic plants, and shorter gestation vegetable and fruit crops. (ii) Prompt access to pasteurised
compost and vermicompost, as well as high-quality planting supplies. (iii) Encouraging farmers to use the
most up-to-date technology for cultivating horticulture crops by setting up training sessions and
demonstrations on a regular basis to keep them informed about contemporary technology. (iv) Offering
post-harvest amenities via public-private partnerships in the relevant districts' rural areas.
Problem increasing the productivity in Haryana
Soil Erosion: One of the main obstacles to raising crop output is soil erosion and deterioration.
Due to a variety of factors, from soil degradation to extensive fertiliser, chemical, and pesticide usage in
the agricultural sector, soil erosion is becoming a daily problem. The issue of water logging is developing
as a result of the fertiliser and chemical. In order to combat soil erosion, organic farming is used. In
addition to Haryana, other states also experience issues with solid deterioration.
• Water Crisis: Haryana is experiencing a water crisis as a result of the market's rising need for
agricultural products as the population grows. Additionally, herbicides and pesticides are used in
agriculture to increase profits. We require a lot of water for paddy in the Kharif crop season.
Additionally, the government of Haryana adopted the national horticulture mission and crop
diversification to address the state's water issue.
• Holding Size: Operational farm holding size: As the population grew, the operational farm
holding size fractured, which prevented the small, marginal, and semi-marginal farmers from
constructing a water treatment facility. Furthermore, because marginal and semi-marginal
farmers are unable to acquire due to a decline in their output, the cost of cultivation is quite high
as well as the price of agricultural equipment.
Suggestion to improve Agriculture Productivity
• High-yielding Cultivars: plan for using seeds from high-yielding cultivars in agriculture. Due to
the introduction of the green revolution in India, the adoption of high yielding types of seeds was
spurred. Hybrid seeds, new technologies utilised in agriculture, changes to the infrastructure,
and government regulations are just a few of the many variables that contributed to the green
revolution's significant growth in agricultural productivity.
4 International Journal of Innovations & Research Analysis (IJIRA)- January- March, 2023

• To Control Disease: The Haryana government will use Pest Management Illness of the Crops
to combat the disease. The main agricultural concern for Haryana is the yellow rust disease that
affects wheat harvests. Haryana will deploy DSR and CA technologies in the agricultural sector
to combat the illness.
• To Change in Demand: Demand patterns for agricultural goods are changing every day as a
result of rising horticultural yield. The most significant role in India is played by horticultural
productivity. When compared to the other states, Haryana does poorly in terms of producing
horticultural crops. The Haryana government should enhance its horticulture due to the rise in
demand in metropolitan areas.
Conclusion
The government created the Pradhan Mantra programme to promote the growth and
development of agriculture. According to the FasalBima Yojana, this programme covers the fundamental
crops known as Kharif crops, including as rice, bajra, maize, and cotton. On the other hand, during the
rabi season, crops insurance is covered by wheat, barley, gramme, and mustard. Additionally, the usage
of chemicals like pesticides and fertilisers causes soil erosion. Under this programme, 50 acres of the
land area will be covered by organic farming in order to reduce soil deterioration. To be proactive, the
government launched a new programme called Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana, which insists on using
organic fertiliser and prohibiting the burring of crops with residue while using automation. The
government aimed to cover the land for horticulture crops to the greatest extent possible by quadruple
producing horticulture crops by 2030. Farmers' income will rise as a result of the adoption of crop
diversification, and their output will rise as well. The government of Haryana founded the horticulture
university in Karnal and three regional research stations for the advancement of horticulture. These
stations were developed via international partnership with worldwide institutions. For the actuarial seed
treatment and more expanded coverage in the agriculture sector to begin in order to sustainably develop
agriculture. The marketing issue in agriculture is also a major issue in India, In general, farmers do not
receive a fair market price for their goods.
References
1. Ramphul (2010). WTO and Indian Agriculture, Global Research Publications, New Delhi.
2. Acharya S.S. (2006), “Agricultural Marketing Reforms: Status and Road Map”, A paper written
for National Institute of Agricultural Marketing, Jaipur, India, March 2006.
3. Basu, Kaushik (2010), “The Economics of Food grains Management in India”, Ministry of
Finance, Government of India.
4. Singh Gyanendra (2005), “Agricultural Machinery Industry in India (Manufacturing. Marketing
and Mechanisation Promotion)”, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.
5. Malik R.K. Yadav (2002) “Herbicide resistance management and evolution of zerotillge”-A
success story, Research Bulletin, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural Univeristy, Hisar.pp.1-43.
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States: A Divergent View”, Economican, Political Weekly, January29.
7. Haryana Development Profile, Haryana Development Report, Planning Commission of India,
Government of India,pp 31-130.
8. Statistical Abstract of Haryana 2009-10.
9. Statistical Abstract of Haryana 2020-21.
10. Jodhka S, Surinder (1994), Agrarian Change and attached Labour Emerging Pattern in Haryana
Agriculture, Economics and Political Weekly, vol.29,pp A102-A106, Sep 1994.

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