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Archimedes Principle Experiment

The experiment aims to verify Archimedes' Principle by measuring the buoyant force on a submerged object and comparing it to the weight of the displaced water. It involves using a spring balance to measure the weight of the object in air and when submerged, collecting the displaced water, and calculating both the buoyant force and the weight of the displaced water. Sources of error include measurement inaccuracies, water adhesion, air bubbles, and inconsistent submersion, with precautions to ensure accurate results.

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Akshaan Gupta
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114 views2 pages

Archimedes Principle Experiment

The experiment aims to verify Archimedes' Principle by measuring the buoyant force on a submerged object and comparing it to the weight of the displaced water. It involves using a spring balance to measure the weight of the object in air and when submerged, collecting the displaced water, and calculating both the buoyant force and the weight of the displaced water. Sources of error include measurement inaccuracies, water adhesion, air bubbles, and inconsistent submersion, with precautions to ensure accurate results.

Uploaded by

Akshaan Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Archimedes' Principle Experiment

1. Aim
To experimentally verify Archimedes' Principle by determining the buoyant force acting on
an object when it is fully submerged in water and comparing it to the weight of the water
displaced.

2. Apparatus
- Spring balance
- Container filled with water
- Metal block or any solid object
- Measuring cylinder or beaker
- String
- Ruler (optional, for measuring dimensions of the object)

3. Theory
Archimedes' Principle states that when an object is fully or partially submerged in a fluid, it
experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the
object. The buoyant force can be calculated by subtracting the apparent weight of the object
when submerged from its actual weight in air. This force should equal the weight of the
displaced fluid, which is calculated using the formula: Weight of displaced fluid = Density of
fluid × Volume of displaced fluid × Acceleration due to gravity. Thus, verifying the principle
involves comparing these two quantities.

4. Procedure
1. Measure the Weight in Air:
- Attach the metal block to the spring balance using a string.
- Record the weight of the block in air (W_air).

2. Submerge the Object:


- Carefully submerge the block completely in the water without letting it touch the sides or
bottom of the container.
- Record the apparent weight of the block when it is fully submerged (W_sub).

3. Collect Displaced Water:


- As the block is submerged, water will be displaced from the container. Collect this
displaced water in a measuring cylinder.
- Measure the volume of the displaced water (V_f).

4. Calculate the Buoyant Force:


- Determine the buoyant force using the formula: F_b = W_air - W_sub.
- Calculate the weight of the displaced water using: Weight of displaced water = ρ_f × V_f × g,
where ρ_f is the density of water (approximately 1000 kg/m³) and g is the acceleration due
to gravity (9.8 m/s²).

5. Compare Results:
- Compare the calculated buoyant force with the weight of the displaced water to verify
Archimedes' Principle.

5. Observations
- Weight of the object in air (W_air): Measure and record the weight.
- Weight of the object when submerged (W_sub): Measure and record the apparent weight.
- Volume of displaced water (V_f): Measure and record the volume in milliliters (mL).
- Buoyant force (F_b): Calculate and record the value.
- Weight of displaced water: Calculate and compare with the buoyant force.

6.Sources of Error
- Measurement Errors: Inaccuracies in reading the spring balance or measuring cylinder can
lead to errors.
- Water Adhesion: Water clinging to the object after it is removed from the water can alter
the weight measurement.
- Air Bubbles: Air bubbles attached to the object can affect the volume of displaced water.
- Inconsistent Submersion: The object may not be fully submerged or might touch the
container sides, affecting the results.

7. Precautions
- Ensure the object is completely submerged and not touching the sides or bottom of the
container.
- Avoid splashing water out of the container while submerging the object.
- Accurately measure the weight in air and when submerged.
- Ensure the measuring cylinder is free from water before collecting the displaced fluid.
- Remove any air bubbles attached to the object before submersion.

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