Industrial Automation and Control

PE-EC802B

MODEL QUESTION

1 Marks MCQ Type

1. What is the maximum data capacity of optical fibre cable used in SCADA system?
Ans- 1000 mbps

2. The full form of HART is-

Ans- Highway Addressable Remote Transducer

3. In pneumatic control systems the control valve used as the final control element which
converts____________
Ans- Pressure signal to position change
4. In a Liquid level control plant, the input to the controller is _________.
Ans- Difference between steady-state flow rate and the output flow rate of liquid coming from
flow transmitter.
5. The variable which is adjusted for making process variable equal to the desired valueis-
Ans- Manipulated Variable
6. We can say, ratio control system is a special type of ______.
Ans- Feed forward system
7. CSTH stands for –
Ans- Continuously Stirred Tank Heater

8. In pneumatic control systems the control valve used as the final control element converts-
Ans- Pressure signal to position change
9. The proportional controller with zero proportional band will become-
Ans.-A two-state controller
10. A summing amplifier block followed by an inverter block represents-
Ans- Integral controller
11. In an electronic Integral controller, if the resistance and capacitance value both are doubled, then
the controller response time will be _______ and controller gain is _________.
Ans- Doubled, halved
12. In order to improve the transient response time ________ feed forward controller can be designed
for stirred tank heater system.
Ans- Dynamic
13. In feed-forward control strategy of simple heat exchanger, the two load disturbances are-
Ans- Input liquid flow rate, Input liquid temperature
14. The use of a secondary controller in cascade mode –
Ans- a) Corrects the effect of disturbance in secondary loop before they affect the primary
variable.
b) Reduces time lag in the out loop, hence system become more fast.
 c) Is to produce required adjustment for FCE
15. The effect of cascade control strategy on the overall system is-
Ans- It reduces the offset error and increases the ultimate gain
16. Which of the following is a difference between feed-forward and cascade control?
Ans- a) Cascade control uses two controllers
b) Feed forward uses a disturbance model to determine the feed forward gain
c) Cascade has an inner control loop to directly reject disturbances
17. -----------proper controlling mechanism in order to maintain correct air and fuel mixture for
optimal combustion.
Ans- Ratio control
18. A control valve may be defined as-
Ans- A device which regulates the flow of a liquid.
19. In an air actuated control valve, the valve stem is mainly controlled by ________.
Ans- Diaphragm
20. When a control valve plug is fully connected to ______, then it is fully closed.
Ans- Seat
21. The lowest pressure point where fluid velocity is maximum but fluid static pressure and cross
sectional area both are minimum is called ________.
Ans- Vena contracta
22. What is the function of pressure switch?
a.) pressure switch is used to start a motor
b.) pressure switch is used to stop a motor
c.) pressure switch is used to deenergize a solenoid.
23. What is the purpose of a pressure gauge in a boiler plant?
Ans- To indicate steam pressure
24. PLC stands for-
Ans- Programmable Logic Counters
25. Which device provides excellent electrical isolation between different I/O modules in PLC?
Ans- Optocouplers
26. A PLC unit can be programmed using which logic-
Ans- Ladder logic
27. Difference between TON and TOF operation is-
Ans- For TON, after the preset time is reached, DN bit turns on while for TOF it turns off.
28. SCADA stands for __________.
Ans- Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system
29. The purpose of HMI in a SCADA system is-
ANS-To allow proper interface between operator and computer
30. The main difference between SCADA process and DCS is-
Ans- SCADA system is event driven and operator concentric, while DCS is process state driven
and connected directly to local field devices
31. Database management and decisions regarding productions are handled in which level of DCS
structure---------
Ans-Level 4
32. A SCADA system will typically include---------
 Ans-Communication hardware and software
b) RTU
c) Master Station

33. The CPU of PLC can be manufactured in which type of architecture-

Ans-ASIC

34. In the modem controller, derivative action is applied only to the –

ANs- feedback Measurement
35. A summing amplifier block followed by an inverter block represents-
Ans-Proportional controller
36. If a D.C. motor is connected across the A.C. supply it will
Ans-Burn due to heat produced in the field winding by eddy currents
37. Starters are used with D.C. motors because
Ans-To restrict armature current as there is no back e.m.f. while starting
38. The capacitive transducers are normally used for:
Ans-static and dynamic
39. The function of a sensor is to ________
Ans-Track and transfer data to the computer processor
40. For a stepper motor, which torque has the highest numerical value?
Ans-Pull-out torque
41. The piezoelectric materials used for converting energy are called as ______.
Ans- Transducer
42. The piezoelectric effect states that when mechanical stress or forces are applied on quartz crystal,
Ans-produce electrical charges on the quartz crystal surface.
43. The faces of piezoelectric materials are coated with _____ while used as transducers
Ans- Aluminium
44. What are the advantages of pneumatic controller?
Ans-Easy maintainability,Low cost of installation,Good reliability
45. Which frequency is attenuated in a Low-Pass filter?
Ans- High frequency
46. Capacitor can be used for signal filtering.-------------(True/False)
Ans-True
47. What is the full form of IIR in terms of signal filtering?
Ans- Infinite impulse response
48. Ziegler Nichols method is also called as ______
Ans- Ultimate cycling method

49. Which of the controllers has maximum offset?_____ ( a) P-controller b) P-I controller c) P-I-D
controller d) P-D controlle)
Ans-P-controller
50. The quarter-amplitude decay ratio is basically a design criteria specified by Zeigler-Nichols
method implies that the amplitude of an oscillation must be reduced by a factor of __________
Ans- four over a whole period
 5 marks

1. What are potentiometers ? Explain how these can be used as an error detector?
2. Why it is necessary to provide tuning of PID controller? Explain the procedure for tuning
of PID controller. 2+3
3. Describe ON-OFF,P & I action of a controller.
4. What is the Feed forward control? Give an example.
5. What is the Cascade control? Give an example
6. What is the Override control? Explain
7. What is the Sensor protection circuit? Explain
8. Draw a neat diagram of PLC and explain the function of input module.
9. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of PLC over normal type of controller.
10. How can we calculate the travel range of an object, using displacement sensor? Explain.
11. Explain the working principle of Ultrasonic sensors.
12. Discussed on different type of Temperature sensors and their applications.
13. What are the different types of piezoelectric actuators?
14. What is a Pneumatic actuator? How do rotary actuator works? Explain
15. What is Ziegler-Nichols rule? Explain
16. What is a ADC in digital signal processing?
17. Explain the working principle of stepper motor.
18. What is the pneumatic actuator? How it will works? explain. 2+3
19. What is servo motor ? Explain the working principle of servo motors.1+4
20. What are the different types of force sensor? Write down the application of force
sensors.2+3
21. What are the different pressure sensors? Application of force sensors. 3+2
22. Explain working principle of pressure sensors.
15 MARKS

1. Draw a neat diagram of SCADA system and explain the function of RTU.
2. a) How are programmable logic controllers (PLCs) different from general purpose
computers?
b) List the important subsystems of a PLC with brief description.
c) Expound the relay ladder logic (RLL). Illustrate it with an example.
3. a) Draw the general block diagram of DCS and explain the function of different blocks.
b) What are the different types of DCS ?
c) Explain with diagram the operation of any one of them.
4. a) Draw and explain PI, PD and PID controller.
b) Which one is advantageous for the industrial industry?
c) What are the applications of PID controller?
5. Discuss on Ziegler-Nichols tuning method, Cohen coon tuning method, Discuss on
Implementation of PID controllers both digital and analog.
6. a) What is the ladder logic? Mention the purpose of ladder logic in automation industry.
b) Draw the ladder diagrams for (a) NOR gate, (b) NOT gate, c) NAND gate.
3+3+3+3+3
7. a) List out the direct type ADCs. 3
b) Explain in brief the principle of operation of successive Approximation ADC 6
c) What are the main advantages of integrating type ADCs? 4
d) What is the main drawback of dual slope ADC 2
8. a) What is filtering in signal processing? what are applications of filtering circuit.1+2
b) Analysis there are four types of filtering circuit using block diagram. 3+3+3+3
9. a) How to suppress signal Noise in Practice? 5
b) How to protect your sensor using sensor protection circuit? Explain different
technique. 2+8
10. Draw a pneumatic circuit for pneumatic press using pneumatic cylinder, actuating valves
and flow control valve.
11. a) Explain the construction and principle of action of a step motor.3+4
b) What is half-stepping and micro-stepping in connection with running of a step motor?
Explain with diagrams. 4+4
12. a) What is a Piezoelectric Actuator? Explain the working principle and operation of
Piezoelectric Actuator. 2+5
b) List the different types of Piezo Actuators and explain. Where are Piezoelectric
Actuators used? 6+2
13. a) What is a Servo Motor? Draw and explain Servo Motor Construction. 2+8
b) Write the unique features & advantages of Servo Motor. 5
14. a) Classify the DC Motor. 3
b)Explain
i). Shunt DC Motor
ii). Series DC Motor
iii). Compound DC Motor
iv). Short Shunt DC Motor 3+3+3+3
15. a) What is a Displacement Sensor? Explain different types of displacement sensors with a
proper diagram. 3+12
16. a ) What are force sensors? 3
b) Explain
i). Pneumatic load cells
ii). Hydraulic load cells
iii). Piezoelectric crystal load cells
iv). Inductive load cells 3+3+3+3
17. a) What is an Ultrasonic Sensor? How Does an Ultrasonic Sensor Work? 9
b) What are the strengths and weaknesses of ultrasonic sensors? 6
18. a) What are Temperature Sensors? How did Temperature Sensors work? What do
Temperature Sensors do? Write down the uses of Temperature Sensors.
2+7+3+3
19. a) What is a Pressure Sensor? What are the main types of pressure sensors? Explain the
working principles of pressure sensors.
2+6+7
20. a) What is a pressure sensor and how it will work? 3
b) Explain
i). Strain gauge
ii). Piezoelectric
iii). Capacitive
iv). Vacuum pressure 3+3+3+3