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org © 2023 IJCRT | Volume 11, Issue 2 February 2023 | ISSN: 2320-2882

Smart braking system

Prasad Madhukar Aher, Pratik Narendra Gurav, piyush Dhanraj chaudhari , Sanket Sunil Gite
Department of Mechanical Engineering Sandip institute of engineering and management Nashik,

Abstract: This paper describes a new smart braking system for Car. Road accidents are commonplace in
today’s scenario. Accidents cause worse damage, serious injury, and even death. Accidents prevention has
been one of the leading areas for research. Mainly focus on prevention of accidents due to nervousness, drunken
driving, etc. Manual methods of applying brakes are always dangerous as it leads to accidents. Nowadays no.
of accidents are increases. Unconsciousness of the driver, uncontrollable speed of the vehicle and manual
operation of braking systems are the reason for accidents. It is necessary to control brakes automatically
through electronics devices to minimize accident problems. In this research paper, we proposed an effective
methodology for the automatic controlling of a braking system to prevent accidents with the help of electronics
engineering. The system consists of ultrasonic sensor wave emitter fitted at the front portion of the car and
ultrasonic receiver to receive the signal. The Double Acting Cylinder pulls the brake lever through which a
piston is pushed which then uses Pneumatic to apply brakes drum type. Here we use Double Acting Cylinder
in this system instead of servomotor. This reflected wave gives the signal to MCU to applying brakes
automatically. By using this System we can reduce no. of accidents.

Index Terms - Ultrasonic sensor, Automatic braking system, Double Acting Cylinder, Microcontroller chip

I. INTRODUCTION:
The number of automobile users is increasing day by day. At the Same time, traffic congestion has become
a worldwide problem. This problem is mainly due to human driving which involves reaction time delays and
judgement errors that may affect traffic flow and cause accidents. Road accident is the most unwanted thing
that happens to the road user. In the Indian scenario, normally vehicles equipped with ABS Anti-Lock Braking
System, traction control, brake assists etc. for driver’s safety. All these systems employ different types of sensor
to monitoring the condition of the vehicle and respond in an emergency situation. This smart braking system
has to be work with ABS Anti-Lock Braking system equipped in a vehicle in order to increase vehicle stability
during emergency braking. The primary objective of this paper is to develop a safety car braking system using
ultrasonic sensor and to design a system with less human attention to the driving.

1. SMART BRAKING SYSTEM:

The smart braking system is designed for preventing lots of accidents. It operates automatically not manually
so chances of failure of this system are less due to this the chances of accidents is also reduced. It is a
combination of electronics and mechanical engineering. It is an electro-mechanical device which is designed
to prevent accidents and loss of human lives. This system contains Ultrasonicsensor ,Relay switch, Micro
Controller Unit, Double Acting Cylinder and brakes.
4. Some previous research paper helps me to design this system. We use ultrasonic sensor instead of an IR
sensor because the range of IR sensor is 1m, and it can be affected by sunrays.
6. S.N. Sidek Intelligent Braking System (2010) has a lot of potential applications especially in developed
countries where research on smart vehicle and smart highway are receiving ample attention. The system when
integrated with another subsystem like a traction control system, intelligent throttle system, etc. will result in
the smart vehicle. The driver at the end of the day will become a passenger, safety accorded the highest priority
and journey will be optimized in term of time, duration, cost, efficiency and comfortability.
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www.ijcrt.org © 2023 IJCRT | Volume 11, Issue 2 February 2023 | ISSN: 2320-2882
G.L. Gissinger (2002) describes a new Intelligent Braking system for motor vehicles. A mechatronic
approach helped to avoid some drawbacks found in the conventional system. The Brake was designed
according to the “full contact drum brake” principle. Indeed to provide better control, the regulator uses
feedback information not only from slip but also from the braking torque.

For this study secondary data has been collected. From the website of KSE the monthly stock prices for the
sample firms are obtained from Jan 2010 to Dec 2014. And from the website of SBP the data for the
macroeconomic variables are collected for the period of five years. The time series monthly data is collected
on stock prices for sample firms and relative macroeconomic variables for the period of 5 years. The data
collection period is ranging from January 2010 to Dec 2014. Monthly prices of KSE -.

Fig. 1: Ultrasonic sensor and MC Unit mounted on motorcar

OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE:
The procedure for performing the operation this system is: In this system, we are using an ultrasonic sensor
which has range 2m to 4m. This sensor is fitted over the front portion of the body which emits waves to analyses
the speed motion of the vehicle and distance of obstacle vehicle in front of them. These sensors give real-time
inputs to the microcontroller coding. Here relay switch is included to activate the Double Acting Cylinder to
pull brake lever to operate brakes. The Double Acting Cylinder pulls the brake lever through which a piston is
pushed which then uses Pnumatic to apply brakes drum type. Relay switch is an electro-mechanical switch
which operates when an electric current passes through them. Electric current passes due to sensors. When the
sensor senses the obstacle send the signal to MCU Unit it sends current to Switch on the Switch. When relay
Switch is ON then the Double Acting Cylinder is activated. Overall this system operates automatically.
aware of safety in terms of avoiding accidents like in the first place and then protecting occupants when a
crash is unavoidable, we can avoid more accidents, save more lives, and reduce insurance and medical costs
to society by implementing this system. this system is also necessary implemented like wearing seat belts,
helmets etc, in-vehicle by a government authority to reduce lots of accidents.

CONCLUSION:
The Braking system, if implemented can reduce the number of accidents and can save invaluable human
lives and property. The whole system is wide open and can work with various brakes, various sensors and
Double Acting Cylinder solutions. It must be mentioned that the different subsystem such as sensors, Double
Acting Cylinders etc. have found other applications since they were designed. Now, this system is designed as
a project work at a small level but we can adopt this system at an industry level so that we can prevent lots of
accidents and human lives. The future of automotive safety is more than just developing new technology for
preventing accidents.

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www.ijcrt.org © 2023 IJCRT | Volume 11, Issue 2 February 2023 | ISSN: 2320-2882
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