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Lecture 3

The document discusses clipper and clamper circuits, detailing their components and functions, such as clipping portions of input signals and adding DC levels to AC signals. It also covers Zener diodes, their role as voltage regulators, and various regulator circuit configurations. Practical applications include rectification, protection, and AC regulation.

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tanvirahamed0403
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Lecture 3

The document discusses clipper and clamper circuits, detailing their components and functions, such as clipping portions of input signals and adding DC levels to AC signals. It also covers Zener diodes, their role as voltage regulators, and various regulator circuit configurations. Practical applications include rectification, protection, and AC regulation.

Uploaded by

tanvirahamed0403
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Clipper and Clamper

Zener Diode and Regulator


Clipper circuit

• Used to clip off a portion of the input signal.


• Needs diode, resistor and dc battery.
• Half wave rectifier is the simplest form of clipper
which clips off the entire half cycle of the input.

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Example-1

V
t1 t2

v0  V

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Example-1

V
t1 t2

The diode will turn on


during the positive half
cycle only when vi ≥V, the
v0  V
output is then v0 = V.

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Example-1

V
t1 t2

For vi<V, the diode is off, the v0  vin


diode will also be off during
entire negative half cycle of the
t1 t2
input signal.
 When the diode is off, v0= vi.

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Example-2

The diode is off during entire positive half cycle of the


input signal. Therefore, v0= vi.
In negative half cycle the diode will be also off for vi <-V,
output will be also, v0= vi.
 The will turn on when vi ≥-V, the output is then v0 =-V.

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Clamper circuit

• Clamper adds a dc level to an ac signal. It shifts the


ac signal to a certain dc level.
• Needs diode, resistor, capacitor.
• Sometimes it needs a dc battery too.

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Steps to analyze

• Analyze the circuit for the portion of the input


signal first for which the diode conducts.

• Find the voltage across the capacitor and indicate


the polarity. Find the corresponding output voltage.

• Then, determine the output voltage due to the rest


portion of the input signal.

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Example-1

Applying KVL,

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Clamping network with a sinusoidal input

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Network with a DC and AC source
The response of any network with both an ac and a dc source can be found by finding
the response to each source independently and then combining them.

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Network with a DC and AC source

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Network with a DC and AC source

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Zener diode
• Zener diodes are specially designed diodes.

K K

A A

• It is used as a voltage regulator.


• Act as a protection device
• It is used to establish reference voltage level

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Zener diode i-v characteristic

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Zener diode’s state of operation

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Regulator circuit

Three conditions are analysed for above Zener regulator circuit:


1. Vi and R fixed
2. Fixed Vi, variable RL
3. Fixed RL, Variable Vi

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Regulator circuit (Vi and R fixed )

If V≥Vz, the zener is on and if less than Vz then zener will be off.

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Regulator circuit (Vi and RL fixed )

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Example-1

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Solution to example-1

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Example-2

1kΩ VL=20V
30~50V

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Regulator circuit ( Fixed Vi and Variable RL)

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Regulator circuit (Fixed RL, Variable Vi)

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Half-wave Voltage Doubler

Figure 2.121 Half-wave voltage doubler.

Figure 2.122 Double operation, showing each half-cycle of operation: (a) positive half-
cycle; (b) negative half cycle.

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Voltage Tripler and Quadrupler

Figure 2.125 Voltage tripler and quadrupler.

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Practical Applications Summary

• Rectification
• Protective configurations
• Polarity insurance
• Controlled battery-powered backup
• Polarity detector
• Ac regulator and square-wave generator

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Thank You

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