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Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
[839] Sievers 1908.
[840] Jumelle 1892.
[841] Schrenk 1898.
[842] Bonnier 1889².
[843] West 1905.
[844] Sandstede 1904.
[845] Friedrich 1906.
[846] Lindau 1895².
[847] See p. 109.
[848] Uloth 1861.
[849] Zopf 1903.
[850] Zopf 1907.
[851] Ohlert 1871.
[852] See p. 75.
[853] Uloth 1861.
[854] Egeling 1881.
[855] Buchet 1890.
[856] Bachmann 1904.
[857] Bachmann 1911.
[858] Lang 1903.
[859] Stahlecker 1906.
[860] Bitter 1899.
[861] Zukal 1879.
[862] Kihlman 1890.
[863] Jumelle 1892.
[864] Zopf 1890, p. 489.
[865] Jumelle 1892.
[866] Weir 1919.
[867] Wainio 1897, p. 16.
[868] Nienburg 1908.
 [869] Metzger 1903.
[870] Bitter 1899.
[871] Wiesner 1895.
[872] Bitter 1901, p. 465.
[873] Fink 1909.
[874] Galløe 1908.
[875] Zukal 1896.
[876] Bitter 1901.
[877] Maheu 1906.
[878] Wiesner 1895.
[879] R. Paulson, ined.
[880] Krempelhuber 1861.
[881] Zukal 1896, p. 111.
[882] Zukal 1896.
[883] Hedlund 1892, p. 22.
[884] Zopf 1893.
[885] Zopf 1907.
[886] Zopf 1892.
[887] Knop 1872.
[888] Bachmann 1890.
[889] A similar reaction with nitric acid is produced on the blue
hypothalline hyphae of Placynthium nigrum.
[890] Knowles 1915.
[891] Rosendahl 1907.
[892] John 1819.
[893] Grimbel 1856.
[894] Molisch 1892.
[895] Nilson 1907.
[896] Meyer 1825, p. 44.
[897] Lindsay 1856.
[898] Berkeley 1857.
[899] Weddell 1869.
[900] Phillips 1878.
[901] Scott Elliot 1907.
[902] Vallot 1896.
[903] Bitter 1901.
[904] Heere 1904.
[905] Krabbe 1891, p. 131.
[906] Reinke 1894, p. 18.
[907] Bonnier, see p. 29.
[908] Darbishire, see p. 148.
[909] Tobler, see p. 148.
[910] Stahl 1877, p. 34.
[911] Paulson 1918.
[912] Paulson and Thompson 1913.
[913] Fink 1917.
[914] Baur 1901.
[915] Miyoshi 1901.
[916] Darbishire 1897, p. 657.
[917] Beckmann 1907.
[918] Bitter 1899.
[919] Peirce 1898.
[920] Schrenk 1898.
[921] Elenkin 1901.
[922] See Chap. X.
[923] Mereschkovsky 1918.
[924] Meyer 1825, p. 44.
[925] Paulson and Somerville Hastings 1914.
[926] Crombie 1872.
[927] See p. 35.
[928] Dufrenoy 1918.
[929] Arnold 1874.
[930] Kupfer 1894.
[931] See p. 236.
[932] Malme 1895.
[933] Bitter 1899.
[934] Hofmann 1906.
[935] Almquist 1880.
[936] Bitter 1899.
[937] See p. 237.
[938] Arnold 1874.
[939] Nylander 1852.
[940] Hue 1915.
[941] Th. Fries 1874, p. 343.
[942] Tobler 1911².
[943] Lindsay 1869².
[944] Winter 1877.
[945] Abrothallus has been included in the lichen genus Buellia.
[946] Tulasne 1852.
[947] Lindsay 1856.
[948] Crombie 1894.
[949] Kotte 1910.
[950] Zopf 1896.
[951] Zopf 1898, p. 249.
[952] Tobler 1911².
[953] See p. 276.
[954] Elenkin 1901².
[955] Stahl 1904.
[956] Lindsay 1859, 1869, 1871.
[957] Zopf 1896.
[958] Zopf 1898.
[959] Moreau 1916³.
[960] Vouaux 1912, etc.
[961] Bitter 1904.
[962] Zukal 1893.
[963] Lister 1911.
[964] Zopf 1897.
[965] Zukal 1896, p. 258.
[966] Zukal 1896, p. 255.
[967] Cunningham 1879.
[968] Friedrich 1906, p. 401.
[969] See p. 78.
[970] Gleditsch 1775, p. 31.
[971] Lindau 1895, p. 53.
[972] Dufrenoy 1881.
[973] Porter 1917.
[974] Friedrich 1906.
[975] Waite 1893.
[976] Lesdain 1912.
[977] Zopf 1907.
[978] Lesdain 1910.
[979] Zukal 1896, p. 258.
[980] See p. 51.
[981] See p. 177 et seq.
[982] Zahlbruckner 1903.
[983] Steiner 1896.
[984] Müller-Argau 1880.
[985] Wainio 1890, p. xxiii.
[986] Lloyd 1917.
[987] Rehm 1890.
[988] Reinke 1894.
 [989] See p. 260.
[990] Wainio 1890.
[991] Müller-Argau 1862.
[992] Rehm 1890.
[993] Rehm 1890.
[994] Tobler 1911², p. 407.
[995] Lightfoot 1777, p. 965.
[996] See Chap. III.
[997] Forssell 1885.
[998] Hue 1911¹.
[999] See p. 133.
[1000] Zahlbruckner 1907.
[1001] Reinke 1895.
[1002] See p. 126.
[1003] Reinke 1895.
[1004] Neubner 1893.
[1005] Reinke 1895, p. 110.
[1006] Wainio 1890.
[1007] See Chap. III.
[1008] Wainio 1897.
[1009] See Chap. III.
[1010] Sättler 1914.
[1011] See p. 90.
[1012] Darbishire 1912.
[1013] See p. 101.
[1014] See p. 188.
[1015] Dr Church (1920) has published a new conception of
the origin of lichens. See postscript at the end of the volume, p.
421.
[1016] Tournefort 1694.
[1017] Morison 1699.
 [1018] Dillenius 1741.
[1019] Linnaeus 1753.
[1020] Acharius 1803.
[1021] Acharius 1810.
[1022] Acharius 1814.
[1023] Wallroth 1825.
[1024] Meyer 1825.
[1025] Nylander 1854.
[1026] Reinke 1894, ’95, ’96.
[1027] Darbishire and Fischer-Benzon 1901.
[1028] Wainio 1887, ’94, ’97.
[1029] Wainio 1890.
[1030] Zahlbruckner 1907.
[1031] Massee 1887.
[1032] Fischer 1890.
[1033] Linnaeus 1753.
[1034] Steiner 1901.
[1035] See p. 56.
[1036] Norman 1872 and ’74.
[1037] Genera marked with an asterisk have not been found in
the British Isles.
[1038] Zukal 1890.
[1039] Hue 1914.
[1040] Hue 1909.
[1041] Hue 1905.
[1042] Zahlbr., in Hedwigia, lix. p. 301, 1917.
[1043] Riddle 1917.
[1044] Bioret 1914.
[1045] Reinke 1895.
[1046] Darbishire 1898.
[1047] Hue 1909.
 [1048] Nylander 1855.
[1049] Nylander 1883.
[1050] Lorrain Smith 1906.
[1051] Neophyllis Wils. is synonymous with Gymnoderma.
[1052] Lindau 1899.
[1053] Stirton 1877, p. 164.
[1054] A. Zahlbruckner, in Oesterr. bot. Zeitschr. 1919, p. 163.
[1055] Bitter 1904².
[1056] Hue 1892.
[1057] Hue 1914.
[1058] Tuckerman 1872, p. 107.
[1059] See p. 188.
[1060] Hue 1908.
[1061] See p. 152.
[1062] Olivier 1907.
[1063] Th. Fries 1867.
[1064] Darbishire 1909.
[1065] Hue 1892.
[1066] Arnold 1890.
[1067] These genera are associated with Trentepohlia algae
which are numerous and abundant in tropical climates, and their
presence there may possibly account for these particular lichens.
[1068] Wainio 1897.
[1069] Wainio 1909.
[1070] Elenkin 1906.
[1071] Darbishire 1905.
[1072] Hue 1915.
[1073] Darbishire 1912.
[1074] Lindsay 1870.
[1075] Calkins 1896.
[1076] Hue 1898.
[1077] Fink 1903.
[1078] Wainio 1896.
[1079] Comm. Heber Howe.
[1080] Herre 1910.
[1081] Nylander 1890.
[1082] Müller 1879.
[1083] Nylander and Crombie 1884.
[1084] Babington 1855.
[1085] Stirton 1875.
[1086] Nylander 1888.
[1087] Hellbom 1896.
[1088] Wilson 1892.
[1089] Müller-Argau 1884.
[1090] Stizenberger 1888-1895.
[1091] Steiner 1895.
[1092] Flagey 1892.
[1093] Wainio 1890.
[1094] Wainio 1890, ii. p. 27 (recorded under Lecidea).
[1095] Elenkin and Woronichin 1908.
[1096] Jaczewski 1904.
[1097] Steiner 1919.
[1098] Müller 1892.
[1099] Nylander 1867.
[1100] Leighton 1869.
[1101] Nylander 1900.
[1102] Nylander 1891.
[1103] Schimper 1869, p. 145.
[1104] Lindsay 1879.
[1105] Braun 1840.
[1106] Muenster 1846, p. 26.
[1107] Eltingshausen and Debey 1857.
[1108] Engelhardt 1870 (Pl. I. figs. 1 and 2).
[1109] Goeppert 1845, p. 195.
[1110] See Schimper 1869, pp. 145, etc.
[1111] Goeppert and Menge 1883, t. 1, fig. 3.
[1112] Ludwig 1859, p. 61 (t. 9, figs. 1-4), 1859-61.
[1113] Schimper in Zittel 1890.
[1114] Goeppert and Menge 1883.
[1115] Sernander 1918.
[1116] See p. 392.
[1117] Moss 1913.
[1118] Macmillan 1894.
[1119] See p. 240 et seq.
[1120] See p. 238.
[1121] West 1915.
[1122] Fink 1894.
[1123] Kihlman 1890.
[1124] Nilson 1907.
[1125] Lindsay 1869.
[1126] Sättler 1914.
[1127] Peirce 1898.
[1128] Schrenk 1898.
[1129] Nylander 1866.
[1130] Hue 1898.
[1131] Wheldon and Wilson 1915.
[1132] Paulson and Thompson 1911.
[1133] Paulson and Thompson 1912.
[1134] Chodat 1912.
[1135] Fée 1824.
[1136] Fries 1831.
[1137] Krempelhuber 1861.
[1138] Arnold 1891, etc.
[1139] Fink 1902.
[1140] Watson 1909.
[1141] Paulson 1919.
[1142] Lesdain 1912.
[1143] Fink 1896, etc.
[1144] Stahl 1877.
[1145] Fink 1902, etc.
[1146] Arnold 1891.
[1147] Mayfield 1916.
[1148] Paulson and Thompson 1913.
[1149] Lesdain 1910².
[1150] Lettau 1911.
[1151] Fink 1903.
[1152] Wheldon and Wilson 1907.
[1153] Arnold 1892, p. 34.
[1154] Wheldon and Wilson 1915.
[1155] See p. 358.
[1156] Aigret 1901.
[1157] Kieffer 1894.
[1158] Stahlecker 1906.
[1159] Link 1795.
[1160] Malinowski 1911.
[1161] See also p. 254.
[1162] Fink 1904.
[1163] Link 1789.
[1164] Watson 1918².
[1165] Wheldon and Wilson 1907.
[1166] Flagey 1901.
[1167] Bruce Fink 1902².
[1168] Forssell 1885.
[1169] Servit 1910.
[1170] Malinowski 1911.
[1171] Bachmann 1914.
[1172] West 1912.
[1173] Wheldon and Wilson 1913.
 [1174] Stahlecker 1906.
[1175] Malinowski 1911.
[1176] Wheldon and Wilson 1915.
[1177] Wheldon and Wilson 1907.
[1178] Schade 1916.
[1179] Lesdain 1910.
[1180] Arnold 1858.
[1181] Richard 1877.
[1182] Darbishire 1909.
[1183] Cf. p. 234.
[1184] Paulson and Thompson 1913.
[1185] Wheldon and Wilson 1913.
[1186] Weddell 1875.
[1187] Knowles 1913.
[1188] The two morphologically similar plants Ramalina
cuspidata and R. scopulorum are here united under the older
name R. siliquosa. The distinction between the two is based on
reaction tests with potash, which give very uncertain results.
[1189] Nylander 1861.
[1190] Knowles 1915.
[1191] Wheldon and Wilson 1913.
[1192] Sandstede 1904.
[1193] Aigret 1901.
[1194] Wheldon and Wilson 1915.
[1195] Watson 1918¹.
[1196] Sandstede 1904.
[1197] McLean 1915.
[1198] Wheldon and Wilson 1915.
[1199] Wheldon and Wilson 1914.
[1200] Maheu 1887.
[1201] Leighton 1867.
[1202] Kihlman 1890.
[1203] Nilson 1907.
[1204] Darbishire 1909.
[1205] Flagey 1901.
[1206] Patouillard 1897.
[1207] Steiner 1895.
[1208] Bruce Fink 1909.
[1209] Herre 1911².
[1210] See p. 97.
[1211] Lindsay 1856.
[1212] Macmillan 1894.
[1213] Knowles in litt.
[1214] Bruce Fink 1903.
[1215] Lettau 1911.
[1216] Wheldon and Wilson 1915.
[1217] Wheldon and Wilson 1913.
[1218] Linnaeus 1762.
[1219] Guembel 1856.
[1220] Goeppert 1860.
[1221] Salter 1856.
[1222] Bachmann 1911.
[1223] Bachmann 1913.
[1224] Braun 1917.
[1225] Treub 1888.
[1226] Brez 1791.
[1227] Persoon 1794.
[1228] Zukal 1895, p. 1317 (note).
[1229] Zukal 1895, p. 1315.
[1230] Zopf 1896.
[1231] Stahl 1904.
[1232] Hue 1915.
[1233] Zopf 1907.
[1234] Bitter 1899.
[1235] Petch 1913.
[1236] Paulson and Thompson 1913.
[1237] Michael 1884.
[1238] Zopf 1907.
[1239] Lesdain 1910.
[1240] Wheldon 1914.
[1241] See also p. 267.
[1242] Paulson and Thompson 1913.
[1243] Stone 1896.
[1244] Tutt 1900, p. 107.
[1245] Zopf 1907, p. 372.
[1246] Kihlman 1890.
[1247] Linnaeus 1762.
[1248] Johnson 1861.
[1249] Lindsay 1856.
[1250] Willemet 1787.
[1251] Keller 1866.
[1252] Proust 1906.
[1253] Johnson 1861.
[1254] Church 1880.
[1255] Brown 1898.
[1256] Hutchinson 1916.
[1257] Forskål 1875, p. 193.
[1258] Watt 1890.
[1259] Calkins 1892.
[1260] Miyoshi 1893.
[1261] See p. 422.
 [1262] Eversmann 1825.
[1263] Berkeley 1849.
[1264] Visiani 1867.
[1265] Errera 1893.
[1266] Müller-Argau 1881, p. 526.
[1267] See p. 138.
[1268] From an examination of old figures of the Muscus cranii,
Arnold (1892, p. 53) has decided that several kinds of lichens or
hepatics are included in this designation.
[1269] Parkinson 1640, p. 1313.
[1270] Ray 1686, p. 117.
[1271] Amoreux 1787, p. 46.
[1272] Dillenius 1741, p. 202.
[1273] Lightfoot 1777, ii. p. 846.
[1274] Dorstenius 1540.
[1275] Culpepper 1652.
[1276] Hill 1751.
[1277] Cordus 1561.
[1278] Sibbald 1684.
[1279] Ray 1686.
[1280] Linnaeus 1737.
[1281] Scopoli 1760.
[1282] Cramer 1880.
[1283] Kobert 1895.
[1284] Keegan 1905.
[1285] Henneguy 1883.
[1286] Kobert 1895.
[1287] Neubert 1893.
[1288] See p. 228.
[1289] Gmelin 1752, p. 425.
[1290] Léorier 1825.
 [1291] Stenberg 1868.
[1292] Richard 1877.
[1293] Henneguy 1883.
[1294] Wainio 1887, p. 47.
[1295] Hellbom 1886, p. 72.
[1296] Hoffmann 1787.
[1297] Westring 1792 and 1793.
[1298] Westring 1805-1809.
[1299] Zopf 1907.
[1300] Ronceray 1904.
[1301] Zopf 1907.
[1302] Zahlbruckner (1905, p. 109) quotes from Czapek a
statement that orchil fermentation is brought about by an
obligate aerobic bacillus.
[1303] Zopf 1907, p. 393.
[1304] Lindsay 1855.
[1305] Bohler 1835, N. 10.
[1306] Johnson 1861.
[1307] Lindsay 1855.
[1308] Linnaeus 1711.
[1309] Linnaeus 1760.
[1310] Willemet etc. 1787.
[1311] Zopf 1907.
[1312] Lindsay 1855.
[1313] Lettau 1914.
[1314] Sorby 1873.
[1315] Gerard 1597.
[1316] Amoreux 1787.
[1317] Hue 1889.
[1318] Hue 1900.
[1319] Bauhin 1650, p. 88.
 [1320] Zwelser 1672.
[1321] Georgi 1779.
[1322] Amoreux 1787.
[1323] Dundonald 1801.
[1324] Henneguy 1883.
[1325] See p. 302.
[1326] Journ. Bot. lviii. pp. 213-9; 262-7, 1920.
[1327] Bot. Memoirs, 3, Oxford, 1919.
[1328] Church in litt.
[1329] Journ. Bot. l.c.
[1330] See p. 271 ante.
[1331] See p. 302 ante.
[1332] Chemist and Druggist, xcii. pp. 25-26, 1920; Bot.
Abstracts, N. 903, p. 135, 1920.
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