Pbl Report Shivam-1
Pbl Report Shivam-1
On
SUBMITTED BY
PROJECT GUIDE
Prof. Sneha Lande
2024-2025
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that (student name) of S.E. C.E. has successfully completed the Project Based
Learning Project titled “Weather Application Using Web” Towards the partial fulfillment for
the requirements of the Bachelor Degree of Engineering course under the University of Pune
during the academic year 2024-2025.
I express my sincere gratitude towards the faculty members who made this project successful.
I would like to express my thanks to my guide Prof. Sneha Lande for her whole hearted co- operation
and valuable suggestions, technical guidance throughout the seminar work. Special thanks to H.O.D.
Dr. S.P.Kosbatwar for his kind official support and encouragement. Finally, I would like to thank to
all my staff members of Computer engineering department who helped me directly or indirectly to
complete this work successfully.
Student Name
Roll No.
Department name
Batch: 2024-25
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER I:
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER II:
BACKGROUND AND
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER III:
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
CHAPTER IV:
METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER V:
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
LIST OF FIGURES:
This project is a web-based weather application developed using HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript. The main objective of this application is to provide users with real-time weather
information in a simple, responsive, and user-friendly interface. With the increasing reliance on digital
platforms for daily planning and travel, having quick access to accurate weather forecasts has become
essential. This application allows users to enter the name of any city and instantly view its current
weather conditions, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, and general weather status (such as
sunny, cloudy, or rainy).
The application is built entirely with front-end technologies. HTML is used to structure the web page
elements, CSS is applied to design and style the layout for a visually appealing and responsive
interface, and JavaScript is used to handle logic, fetch data from a third-party weather API (such as
OpenWeatherMap), and update the content dynamically without reloading the page.
The system works by taking the user's input (city name), sending a request to the weather API,
retrieving the weather data in JSON format, and displaying it on the screen. Error handling is also
implemented to manage invalid city names or network issues. The app is designed to be lightweight
and accessible on both desktop and mobile browsers.
Overall, this weather application demonstrates how web technologies can be combined effectively to
create an interactive and functional real-time application that serves a practical everyday purpose.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
• Weather plays an important role in our daily lives, affecting how we dress, travel, and plan
our activities. With the advancement of technology, it has become easier to access real-time
weather information through web-based applications. This project is a weather application
designed to provide users with up-to-date weather details for any city in the world.
• The application is built using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, making it fully accessible through a
web browser. It uses a weather API to fetch live data such as temperature, humidity, wind
speed, and general weather conditions. Users simply enter the name of a city, and the app
instantly displays the current weather.
• The goal of this project is to create a simple, responsive, and user-friendly tool that helps
people stay informed about the weather. Whether for planning travel, going outdoors, or just
staying updated, this application offers a convenient solution using basic web technologies.
• Project Overview:
The Weather Application is a web-based project developed using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
Its main purpose is to provide users with real-time weather information for any city they search. The
application fetches weather data from a third-party API (such as OpenWeatherMap) and displays key
information including temperature, weather conditions (sunny, rainy, cloudy, etc.), humidity, and wind
speed.
The front-end of the application is built with HTML and CSS to create a clean,
responsive, and user-friendly interface. JavaScript is used to manage the application logic, handle API
calls, process user input, and dynamically update the web page with the received data.
This project demonstrates how basic web technologies can be used to create a functional and
interactive weather information system. It serves as a useful tool for learning web development and
understanding how APIs can be integrated into front-end applications.
• Displays up-to-date weather information by fetching live data from a weather API (e.g.,
OpenWeatherMap).
2 City-Based Search
• Users can enter the name of any city to get weather details for that location.
3 Temperature Display
• Displays current weather status such as Sunny, Cloudy, Rainy, Snowy, etc.
5 Humidity & Wind Speed
• Technological Stack:
1. Front-End Technologies:
Used to structure the content of the web pages, such as input fields, buttons, and display
sections.
• JavaScript:
Handles the logic of the application, including user interactions, API calls, and dynamically
updating the webpage with weather data.
Provides real-time weather data such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and weather
conditions based on the user's input (city name).
The weather application is built using a front-end technological stack that includes HTML,
CSS, and JavaScript, along with a weather API for real-time data. HTML (HyperText Markup
Language) is used to structure the content of the web page, such as the input fields, buttons, and display
sections for weather information. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is applied to design and style the user
interface, making the application visually appealing and responsive across different devices.
JavaScript plays a key role by adding interactivity and functionality—it handles user inputs,
sends requests to the weather API, processes the received JSON data, and dynamically updates the
content on the page without reloading. A weather API, such as OpenWeatherMap, is integrated to
fetch current weather details like temperature, humidity, wind speed, and conditions based on the city
entered by the user. Together, these technologies form a complete and efficient stack that enables the
development of a simple, real-time, and user-friendly weather web application.
CHAPTER II
Literature Review
Weather applications have become essential tools for providing real-time meteorological
information to users across the globe. With the growth of web technologies and mobile accessibility,
developers have increasingly focused on delivering accurate, responsive, and user-friendly weather
forecasting platforms.
Study: Recent Developments in Electronics and Communication Systems KVS Ramachandra Murthy
et al. (Eds.)
Weather forecasting is foreseeing the climate conditions of the atmosphere which can vary from
place to place and time to time. So basically, it is a complex process that tests the utilization of science
and innovation to foresee the climatic circumstances at a given time. The prediction of weather helps
us aligns our day-to-day life.
Key Findings:
• The weather forecasting provides data that people and associations can use to diminish
environment-related misfortunes and advance social advantages, including wellbeing and
property security, general wellbeing and wellbeing, and backing for monetary thriving and
personal satisfaction.
• Weather forecasts are used in many situations such as bad weather warnings and advice,
weather forecasting behavior, forecasts for seawater, agricultural development, and forest fire
prevention. In the paper, the weather forecasting app, that is the ‘Badal weather app’ (2017) the
authors M.K. Liza1, Bhaskar Chowdhury, and Ashish Angadi abstracted that continuous change
in climate and unusual rainfall, it is very difficult to get an accurate prediction of the weather. [1].
• In this paper on weather forecasting using data mining along with some integrated approaches
(2015), the author G. Vamsi Krishna’s main objective of these researchers in these is to make a
mobile application to provide the user with a weather application, although this app required
user verification to fetch the data, so users have to sign up to this app using their google account
to monitor their weather parameters.
Implications of a Weather Application:
A web-based weather application has far-reaching implications that extend beyond basic
weather updates. It plays a vital role in personal convenience, public safety, economic planning, and
environmental awareness. Below are key areas where such an application makes a significant impact:
• Studies by Zhang et al. (2020) highlight the critical role of third-party APIs, such as
OpenWeatherMap, AccuWeather, and WeatherAPI, in providing reliable
meteorological data. These APIs allow developers to integrate live weather updates into
web applications without managing complex data sources themselves.
• Research conducted by Alrasheed & Al-Debei (2017) focuses on user experience (UX)
in weather apps, emphasizing that simplicity, visual clarity, and responsive design
directly impact user satisfaction and engagement. Responsive web design ensures that
the application is accessible across various devices, from desktops to smartphones.
• Open-source libraries like Leaflet.js, Chart.js, and Bootstrap are frequently used to
develop interactive and accessible interfaces for displaying weather data. Studies show
that using such tools accelerates development and ensures better accessibility for
differently-abled users (Kumar & Verma, 2020).
• While APIs provide convenient access to weather data, developers must be mindful of
API usage limits, key security, and data accuracy. Mishra (2020) highlights the
importance of error handling and fallback mechanisms in case of API downtime or
quota breaches.
CHAPTER III
Aim:-
The primary aim of developing a web-based weather application is to provide users with
accurate, real-time weather information through an accessible and interactive online platform. The
application is intended to serve as a practical tool for individuals, businesses, and communities to
monitor and plan around weather conditions effectively. By leveraging modern web technologies and
weather data APIs, the application seeks to deliver essential weather details such as temperature,
humidity, wind speed, atmospheric pressure, precipitation, and forecasts for upcoming days.
• Deliver accurate, up-to-date weather conditions (temperature, humidity, wind, etc.) based
on user’s location or selected city.
• Ensure data is refreshed at regular intervals using live APIs.
• Auto-detect or allow users to search for weather in their specific city, region, or country.
• Integrate GPS or IP-based location detection for convenience.
• Design the application to be responsive and accessible on desktops, tablets, and mobile
devices.
• Optionally, convert to a Progressive Web App (PWA) for installable offline use.
• Notify users of weather warnings (e.g., storms, extreme heat) through push notifications or
UI messages.
• Enhance user safety and preparedness.
The objectives of developing a weather application using web technologies stem from the
growing demand for real-time, location-specific, and accessible weather information. In today's fast-
paced and digitally connected world, weather impacts nearly every aspect of daily life—from travel
and outdoor planning to agriculture, logistics, and even emergency preparedness. The primary
theoretical aim is to create a software system that enables seamless interaction between users and up-
to-date meteorological data, using the internet as a medium for real-time delivery.
At the heart of the application’s objectives is data accessibility and accuracy. The application must
retrieve real-time data from reliable weather data providers using APIs (Application Programming
Interfaces). This ensures that users receive timely and accurate weather updates tailored to their
specific geographic location. By leveraging the capabilities of external APIs, the application avoids
the complexity of managing weather models internally, instead focusing on efficient data delivery and
user interaction.
Another key objective is user-centric design and usability. The frontend, developed using web
technologies such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and potentially frameworks like React or Vue.js, is
designed to provide a clean and intuitive interface. Users should be able to search for weather in any
location, view forecasts in different formats (e.g., current, hourly, weekly), and understand the data
through visual cues like icons, graphs, or maps. A responsive design ensures compatibility across
multiple devices, from desktop browsers to smartphones and tablets.
From a backend perspective, the objectives include efficient data handling and communication. The
server, built using technologies like Node.js, Express, or Django, must handle API requests, process
responses, manage routing, and ensure that the system remains scalable and secure. The backend also
ensures asynchronous data fetching, which is crucial for updating the frontend without reloading the
entire page, thereby enhancing the user experience.
An equally important objective is to offer value-added features that go beyond basic weather
reporting. This may include:
Security and performance are also core objectives. The application must protect sensitive data such as
API keys, prevent unauthorized access, and handle errors gracefully. Moreover, optimizing load times,
minimizing bandwidth usage, and ensuring smooth functionality even under varying network
conditions are vital for real-world usability.
From a broader perspective, the objectives of the application align with educational, commercial,
and public safety goals:
• As an educational tool, it teaches developers how to build full-stack web applications using
modern practices like REST APIs, asynchronous programming, and responsive design.
• Commercially, such an app can be monetized via ads, premium features, or integrations with
travel and event planning services.
• Socially, it contributes to public awareness and safety by providing accurate and timely
weather information that can influence critical decisions.
•
In essence, the theory behind the objectives of a web-based weather application encompasses a holistic
approach to user engagement, technological implementation, and service delivery. These objectives
form the foundation for creating a reliable, scalable, and user-friendly platform that brings the power
of live meteorological data to users' fingertips anytime, anywhere.
CHAPTER IV
METHODOLOGY
The methodology outlines the systematic process followed to design, develop, and deploy a weather
application that uses web technologies and APIs to deliver real-time meteorological information to
users. The goal is to create a functional, responsive, and user-friendly web application that fetches
accurate weather data and presents it in an intuitive format.
1. Requirement Analysis
The initial phase involves understanding the goals of the application and the needs of its users. A
weather application typically provides:
• Real-time weather conditions: Temperature, humidity, wind speed, precipitation.
• Forecasts: Hourly, daily, and weekly forecasts to help users plan ahead.
• Location-based data: Weather information tailored to the user’s current or chosen location.
• Alerts: Weather warnings for extreme conditions like storms, heavy rainfall, or heatwaves.
Functional and non-functional requirements are documented to guide the development process. This
phase may include user surveys or studying existing weather apps to identify strengths and gaps.
Weather data is not created by the application itself; instead, it is fetched from third-party weather
APIs. Popular choices include:
• OpenWeatherMap: Provides free and paid tiers, with support for multiple data types.
• WeatherAPI.com: Offers current weather, forecast, and historical data.
• AccuWeather: Known for detailed weather predictions, though it may be more costly.
• National Weather Services (NOAA, Met Office): Government sources known for accuracy
and reliability.
•
APIs are accessed using HTTP GET requests, and data is typically returned in JSON format. The
application parses this JSON response to extract and display the necessary information.
3. Location Detection and Management
To provide location-specific weather data, the application must identify where the user is. Two main
techniques are used:
• Geolocation API (Client-Side): The HTML5 Geolocation API can retrieve the user's current
latitude and longitude. This method requires user permission and works best on modern
browsers.
• Manual Input: Users can also search for a city or region using a search bar. This input is then
passed to the weather API to fetch relevant data.
• Reverse Geocoding: If coordinates are retrieved, they can be translated into a readable
location name using services like the Google Maps Geocoding API.
The frontend is responsible for presenting the data in a clear, attractive way. This involves:
For more complex applications, a backend can manage operations that are not safe or efficient to
perform in the frontend. This includes:
• API Key Protection: Storing sensitive API keys securely on the server side.
• User Management: Storing preferences, history, or personalized dashboards for logged-in
users.
• Caching: Reducing the number of API requests by storing recent data.
• Technologies: Node.js with Express, Python with Flask or Django, or PHP can be used to
implement backend logic.
6. Data Caching and Performance Optimization
Once development is complete, the application needs to be deployed to a web server so users can
access it online. Deployment options include:
Testing ensures the application works correctly across different devices and scenarios. Types of testing
include:
• Functional Testing: Verify that each feature works as intended (e.g., fetching weather,
switching units).
• Cross-Browser Testing: Ensure compatibility with Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge, etc.
• Responsive Testing: Confirm the UI adjusts well on mobile phones, tablets, and desktops.
• API Testing: Check if data is fetched correctly and errors are handled (e.g., network failures,
invalid locations)
Debugging tools like browser developer tools (Chrome DevTools) and linters are used to fix issues.
\
9. Security and Privacy Considerations
Security is crucial, especially when dealing with APIs and user location. Key practices include:
• Securing API keys: Never expose private API keys in client-side code; use environment
variables and backend proxying when needed.
• HTTPS: Use secure connections to encrypt data between client and server.
• Permission Management: Clearly request and justify location access from users.
• Input Validation: Prevent malicious input through proper form validation and sanitization.
Fig.4.1.Architecture
❖ This diagram shows a simple architecture for a weather application divided into two main
parts:
• User Interface:
This is what the user sees and interacts with usually a web or mobile app.
• Responsibility:
➢ Backend (Server-side)
• Server:
Acts as the middleman between the frontend and external data sources.
• Weather API:
• Figure Explanation
➢ The weather application interface is designed to provide users with real-time weather updates and
short-term forecasts in a user-friendly and visually intuitive format. At the top of the interface, a
prominent header labeled "Weather Dashboard" serves as the title of the application. This clearly
communicates the purpose of the web app and offers a visually distinct area that immediately
captures the user’s attention upon loading the page.
➢ On the left side of the interface, users are presented with a search area where they can input a city
name to retrieve weather data for a specific location. This input field is accompanied by a search
button that, when clicked, initiates the process of fetching the weather information from an external
weather API. Below this, a secondary button labeled “Use Current Location” allows users to obtain
weather data based on their geographical position. This functionality is enabled through the use of
the HTML5 Geolocation API, which accesses the device’s location services to provide precise
local weather data without the need for manual input.
➢ At the center of the application is a panel that displays the current weather for the selected or
detected location. This section shows the city name and date, along with essential meteorological
metrics including temperature, wind speed, and humidity. Additionally, a weather icon and
description (such as “Moderate rain”) give a quick and visual summary of the weather condition,
enhancing the readability and effectiveness of the data presentation. This component of the
interface serves as the main point of information for users seeking up-to-date weather conditions.
➢ Below the current weather display is a four-day weather forecast section. This portion of the
interface consists of individual cards for each upcoming day, which contain forecasted weather
data such as temperature, wind speed, and humidity. Each card also includes a weather icon
corresponding to the expected condition (e.g., sunny, rainy, cloudy), making the information both
informative and visually engaging. This forecast feature supports users in planning ahead based
on anticipated weather changes.
➢ The application makes use of modern web technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to
build its structure, design, and interactivity. JavaScript plays a critical role in dynamically fetching
and displaying data from third-party weather APIs, while CSS is used to style the layout and
provide responsive design elements that enhance the overall user experience. The application is
structured to be both aesthetically pleasing and functionally efficient, ensuring that users can
access the weather information they need quickly and easily.
➢ Overall, the weather application is a practical example of how web technologies can be integrated
with external APIs to create a dynamic and responsive user experience. The interface balances
simplicity and functionality, providing a comprehensive snapshot of weather conditions through
an accessible and visually appealing design.
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, the development of a weather application using modern web technologies represents
a perfect blend of user-centric design and powerful backend integration. As our dependence on
accurate and real-time weather information continues to grow—affecting everything from daily
commutes to global logistics—web-based weather applications play a crucial role in delivering
timely and accessible data to users around the world.
From a technical perspective, such applications showcase the synergy between frontend and
backend development. The frontend offers a responsive and intuitive user interface, built using
technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (or frameworks like React or Vue), allowing users
to interact easily with the app—view forecasts, search locations, or toggle between different data
views. Meanwhile, the backend handles data processing, business logic, and external API
integrations, often powered by platforms like Node.js, Django, or Flask. It connects with weather
APIs—such as OpenWeatherMap or Weatherstack—to fetch live data and serve it efficiently to
the client.
Moreover, weather applications embody real-world use cases of API integration, JSON data
parsing, error handling, and asynchronous communication, making them ideal projects for
both beginner and experienced developers to learn full-stack development. The application's
architecture often follows a service-oriented model where frontend and backend are loosely
coupled, promoting scalability, flexibility, and maintainability.
• Future Enhancements:
2. Multi-Language Support
• Use Case: Embed interactive radar maps, cloud movement, or precipitation tracking.
• Benefit: Improves situational awareness for weather events like storms or cyclones.
References
1. OpenWeatherMap API
https://openweathermap.org/api
2. WeatherAPI.com
https://www.weatherapi.com/
3. AccuWeather API (registration required)
https://developer.accuweather.com/
4. Visual Crossing Weather API
https://www.visualcrossing.com/weather-api